Swimming Team Research Articles

Maximizing choreography and performance in artistic swimming team free routines: the role of hybrid figures

Hybrid figures serve as an important component of artistic swimming, however, no prior research has investigated objective indicators for predicting total scores in competition. This study aimed to identify significance of hybrid figure (HF) elements in predicting total scores in artistic swimming competitions and compare these variables between the Beijing team trials and international official competitions. Eight HF variables were measured in the videos from the international artistic swimming competitions, with calibration and measurement of the variables leg height index and leg angle deviation being performed by means of Kinovea. Multiple linear regression was conducted to predict the total scores based on these variables investigated for the international teams, which showed 5 significant predictors including movement frequency, leg height index, leg angle deviation, mean pattern duration, and rotation frequency. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine the differences in the variables between the Beijing team and the international teams (top 5), which showed significant difference on movement frequency, leg angle deviation, leg height index and total score. When designing hybrid figures choreography of team free routine in artistic swimming, coaches should prioritize appropriate movement frequency, pattern changes and rotations over excessively long durations. Overly complex HF choreography may lead to a decline on performance in artistic swimming competition.

Orthostasis Is Impaired Due to Fatiguing Intensive Acute Concentric Exercise Succeeded by Isometric Weight-Loaded Wall-Sit in Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness: A Pilot Study.

The aim of the study was to investigate any indication of diminished orthostatic tolerance as a result of fatiguing intensive acute concentric exercise with a successive isometric wall-sit followed by an orthostatic stress test, with a special focus on any distinguishable alterations due to a delayed-onset muscle soreness effect. The exercise protocol was carried out among nineteen (10 female, 9 male) junior swimmers from the Hungarian National Swim Team. All athletes showed a positive orthostatic stress test right after our exercise protocol. The diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower due to the delayed-onset muscle soreness effect in the standing position after the supine position of the orthostatic stress test, in contrast to the athletes who did not experience delayed-onset muscle soreness. Furthermore, the heart rate was dysregulated in athletes with a delayed-onset muscle soreness effect when they assumed a supine position after the sustained standing position during the orthostatic stress test, in contrast to the athletes without delayed-onset muscle soreness. Interesting to note is that, in three subjects, the sustained standing position decreased the heart rate below the level of the initial supine position and six athletes experienced dizziness in the standing position, and all of these athletes were from the group that experienced delayed-onset muscle soreness. Accordingly, this study, for the first time, demonstrated that delayed-onset muscle soreness impairs orthostasis after unaccustomed fatiguing intensive acute concentric exercise with a successive isometric weight-loaded wall-sit; however, validation of this association should be investigated in a larger sample size.

Shoulder and Neck Pain in Swimmers: Front Crawl Stroke Analysis, Correlation with the Symptomatology in 61 Masters Athletes and Short Literature Review.

Background: Swimming and, specifically, front crawl, can be included among the "overhead" sports. Overhead sports are a risk factor for some problems of the musculoskeletal system, especially the shoulder. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of shoulder and neck pain in a Masters Swimming Team and its correlation with the crawl stroke. Methods: This is an observational study through video-analysis of the stroke and a questionnaire. The participants selected for the present study were 61 athletes of a Masters team, whose prevailing training stroke was the front crawl. Their stroke was analyzed during training using a go-pro camera mounted on a sliding trolley on a track, evaluating their technical defects with their trainer. A questionnaire about frequency of shoulder and neck pain during the last five years was administered to all the participants at the study. Results: From the questionnaire, 45 and 55 out of 61 athletes had suffered from shoulder pain and cervical pain, respectively. Both types of pain were correlated with the weekly swimming volume. The swimmers with hyperflexion of the wrist and prolonged internal rotation in the pulling phase had shoulder problems. Those who suffered from current shoulder pain reduced the underwater time. The four swimmers with an excessive body roll during breathing and those who kept their heads extended, reported cervical pain. Conclusions: Shoulder and neck pain could be prevented with the correction of specific technical errors in crawl stroke.

The winding road to the Tokyo Olympics: A dynamic approach to the relationships between stress appraisal, coping, performance, and burnout among an artistic swimming team.

The winding road to the Tokyo Olympics: A dynamic approach to the relationships between stress appraisal, coping, performance, and burnout among an artistic swimming team.

The Effects of Special Training Programs on 100-Meter Butterfly Swimmers

Background and Aim: A Traditional Butterfly Training Program Cannot improve swimmer level II as expected, to the lack of systematic, scientific training programs. To study the effects of special training programs for 100m butterfly swimmers in an Anaerobic capacity. before and after the butterfly special training program, to test the effect of the butterfly special training program on the athletes' anaerobic capacity, to provide the coaches with an effective butterfly training program, and to promote the athletic performance of the butterfly swimmers. Materials and Methods: In this study, 20 athletes from the swimming team of Xi'an Physical Education University were selected as experimental subjects and randomly divided into experimental and control groups for 8 weeks of training, with the experimental group adopting a special training program for butterfly and the control group adopting a traditional training program, and comparing the changes in Blood Lactic Acid between the two groups of athletes before and after the experiment. Results: There was no significant difference in Blood Lactic Acid between the two groups of athletes before the experiment (P>0.05), and after 8 weeks of training, the Blood Lactic Acid of the athletes in the experimental group were significantly elevated and improved (P<0.01). No difference in Blood Lactic Acid in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusions: The butterfly special training program can improve the swimming body's tolerance to Blood Lactic Acid, thus improving the anaerobic capacity of the body, and has a positive effect on the anaerobic endurance training of butterfly swimmers.

Association between anthropometric, physical and demographic characteristics and performance among NCAA Division III swimmers.

Anthropometric, physical and demographic characteristics have the potential to affect performance in competitive pool swimmers. Study aimed were therefore to examine the effect of 26 anthropometric, physical and demographic characteristics on qualification for Nationals and swim times among both male and female collegiate swimmers in separate analyses. Swim times were determined by swimmers' best swim time for their best swim stroke as a percent of the top swim time among Division III collegiate swimmers during the 2017-2018 swim season. Lower body fat measured mid-season and a greater ratio of height to arm span were associated with qualifying for Nationals among females. For males, associations were present for older age, shorter left-hand length and larger left arm circumference; and qualifying for Nationals. In relation to percent of top swim times, there was an association between larger right-hand width and left foot length among males. None of the other associations achieved statistical significance. Owing to the large number of analyses performed and the resultant likelihood of type I errors as well as the small effect sizes in most statistically significant associations, study results suggest that collegiate swimmers should not be chosen for swim teams based on any of the non-modifiable anthropometric or physical characteristics that were measured in this study. Results suggest however, that swim speed times are decreased among female collegiate swimmers with lower body fat percent when measured mid-season.

We Don’t Swim Here by Vincent Tirado

Reviewed by: We Don’t Swim Here by Vincent Tirado Quinita Balderson Tirado, Vincent We Don’t Swim Here. Sourcebooks Fire, 2023 [320p] Trade ed. ISBN 9781728250809 $18.99 Paper ed. ISBN 9781728280103 $11.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9781728250823 $18.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R Gr. 8-12 When Bronwyn’s terminally ill grandmother moves into hospice care, her parents press pause on their lives as Illinois, pulling Bronwyn from her beloved swim team and heading to rural Arkansas where she’ll join cousin Anais and raise Hillwoods High School’s Black student population to two. Feeling like a fish out of water, Bronwyn has little expectation of making friends in this town, and locals are visibly astonished that the new girl is a swimmer because, as they say, “we don’t swim here.” When Bronwyn gets too curious about this town’s obsession with avoiding water, strange behaviors turn sinister as the mystery of why they do not swim unfolds. Anais, for her part, tries to keep her cousin in the dark and therefore safe because the less she knows about this town’s superstitions and rituals, the better. Tirado spins a creepy yarn, building layers of tension with Anais and Bronwyn’s dual perspectives; readers will know that Bronwyn’s anxious suspicions are entirely justified as Anais reveals the town’s secrets, but eventually both cousins find themselves in way over their heads, confronting a shameful past that continues to ripple through Hillwoods. Clues about the villain are laid expertly through the book, but the depth of cruelty and selfishness is nonetheless a surprise. This compelling supernatural mystery ultimately ponders the power dynamics that allow oppressors to claim—with a knowing wink—that their whitewashing of history is for the sake of future generations. Copyright © 2023 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Effect of Compression Garments in the Speed Performance among Track and Field and Swimming student-athletes in a Catholic University of the Philippines

Background and Purpose: Speed is critical for sports such as swimming and track and field. One of the sports industry's solutions is compression garments to enhance athletic performance. This study aims to determine the effect of short and long compression garments on the speed performance of track and field and swimming athletes of the University of Santo Tomas.
 Methodology: The researchers used quantitative and experimental methods. This study focused on the athletes of the track and field and swimming teams of the University of Santo Tomas. The researchers conducted the study at the open field and swimming pool within the vicinity of the University; 14 athletes from track and field and 16 from the swimming team were invited to participate in the 60M Sprint Test and Critical Swim Speed Test.
 Results: The study shows a slight difference in the speed performance of track and field athletes when using short compression garments (7.54m/s) and long compression garments (7.44m/s). While swimming, the speed performance when using a long compression garment (1.450m/s) is higher than the short compression garment (1.512m/s). Both swimming (0.887) and track and field (0.559) show no significant difference in using the compression garment.
 Conclusion and Recommendations: Based on the study, there is a minimal difference in using long compression garments against short compression garments. Therefore, the researchers recommend using long compression garments since this garment slightly increases participants' speed which is vital in any sport measuring speed to win a race. The researchers recommend further study by increasing the number of participants, only endurance athletes participants, and including the materials used in making the garments. This further helps the claim that long and short compression garments affect speed performance regardless of sports or events.

Swim Team: A famed dolphin-human partnership brings mutual benefits.

Swim Team: A famed dolphin-human partnership brings mutual benefits.

Dive In: Transformative Education, Direct Action, and Innovative Media Strategies in an (Inter)Collegiate Partnership to Save a Community Pool

This article aims to broaden critical discussions of service-learning and sport for development and community partnerships through attention to transformative education, holistic learning, and collaborative agency. Building on Paulo Freire’s critical pedagogy and praxis, this study problematizes traditional service-learning incorporating a dialogical framework that focuses on interdepartmental collaboration and anarchist principles such as self-organization, direct action, and mutual aid. I investigate critical pedagogy in the classroom and action and reflection outside of it through a case study of a partnership between a college swim team, media studies students, and local residents to save a community pool. This paper highlights an innovative media campaign, new media platforms, design choices, and digital media used for capacity building, critical reflection, and social justice. [Article copies available for a fee from The Transformative Studies Institute. E-mail address: journal@transformativestudies.org Website: http://www.transformativestudies.org ©2023 by The Transformative Studies Institute. All rights reserved.]

Two‐Minute Drill

UTRGV adds sports, expands spirit programs Handbook addresses impact of sports on nature Michigan State settles Title IX suit with swim team

Is Real-Time Poolside Assessment of Upper Limb Errors in Front Crawl Swimming Technique Reliable and Equivalent to Video Analysis?

Swimming technique is widely believed to influence performance, but this relationship has rarely been tested objectively using a real-time poolside assessment. To determine the (1)test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, and criterion validity (live vs video) of real-time poolside assessment of upper limb (UL) errors in front crawl (FC) swimming technique and (2)the relationship between UL errors and FC swimming performance. Cross-sectional reliability, validity, and correlational study. Swim team practice at a college natatorium. Thirty-nine Division III college swimmers (21 women and 18 men, age = 19 [1]y, swimming experience = 11 [3]y). Seven UL errors in FC swimming technique, many of which involved unnecessary vertical and mediolateral motions, were assessed in real time from outside the pool during swim practice. Test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, and criterion validity were calculated using Cohen kappa (κ) and weighted kappa (κw). Swimming performance was determined by the participants' best FC events relative to the conference records. The correlation between total UL errors and FC swimming performance was assessed with Pearson r. Cohen κ and κw were moderate for the majority of errors, with the following ranges: 0.46 to 0.90 (test-retest), -0.01 to 1.00 (interrater), and 0.36 to 0.66 (criterion validity). There was a significant correlation between total UL errors and FC swimming performance: r(24) = -.59 (P = .001, R2 = .35). Reliability and validity were moderate for the majority of errors. The fewer UL errors swimmers made while practicing FC, the faster their best FC race times tended to be relative to the conference record. UL errors in FC swimming technique explained 35% of the variance in performance.

Agreement between Different Methods to Measure the Active Drag Coefficient in Front-Crawl Swimming.

The aim of this study was to analyze the agreement of the active drag coefficient measured through drag and propulsion methods. The sample was composed of 18 swimmers (nine boys: 15.9 ± 0.9 years; nine girls: 15.3 ± 1.2 years) recruited from a national swimming team. The velocity perturbation method was used as the drag measurement system and the Aquanex system as the propulsion system. For both sexes combined, the frontal surface area was 0.1128 ± 0.016 m2, swim velocity 1.54 ± 0.13 m.s-1, active drag 62.81 ± 11.37 N, propulsion 68.81 ± 12.41 N. The level of the active drag coefficient agreement was calculated based on the mean values comparison, simple linear regression, and Bland Altman plots. The mean data comparison revealed non-significant differences (p > 0.05) between methods to measure the active drag coefficient. Both the linear regression (R2 = 0.82, p < 0.001) and Bland Altman plots revealed a very high agreement. The active drag coefficient should be the main outcome used in the interpretation of the swimmers' hydrodynamic profile, because it is less sensitive to swimming velocity. Coaches and researchers should be aware that the active drag coefficient can also be calculated based on propulsion methods and not just based on drag methods. Thus, the swimming community can now use different equipment to measure the hydrodynamics of their swimmers.

The rules of the game: sports and the gendered body in Céline Sciamma’s youth films

ABSTRACT Written and directed by Céline Sciamma, Naissance des Pieuvres/Water Lilies (2007), Tomboy (2011), Bande de Filles/Girlhood (2014) and Petite maman (2021) comprise Sciamma’s contribution to youth cinema, depicting children and adolescents coming of age in contemporary France. Sciamma’s work has been much discussed in relation to the body, queer youth, desire and gender fluidity. Less remarked on, though, is the number of sports and games featured in her work. Naissance is centred around a synchronised swimming team, while in Tomboy, newcomer Laure/Mickäel (Zoé Héran) finds that football offers an ideal means through which to integrate into a new neighbourhood. For its part, Bande begins with an incongruous all-female game of American football, while the film later features ritualised fights and a brief game of mini golf. Considering these competitive encounters in Sciamma’s youth films, this article argues that they serve as a significant means through which to chart their treatment of gendered norms. Taking up Judith Butler’s work on gender, the author suggests that Sciamma’s films allow for the expansion of gendered morphologies. Sports can in this framework be seen to encapsulate and transcend the constrictions on the body that these characters encounter.

EFEITO DO TREINAMENTO INTERVALADO SOBRE A CAPACIDADE CARDIORRESPIRATÓRIA DE NADADORES

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiopulmonary function is directly related to the body's ability to perform metabolism under aerobic conditions. It is a key characteristic for the training of professional swimmers. It is believed that adding interval training to traditional workouts may contribute to the aerobic endurance of these athletes. Objective: Evaluate the interval training effects on the cardiorespiratory capacity of swimmers. Methods: Twenty volunteer swimmers were randomly divided into two groups for seven weeks. There were 4 hours of class per week, totaling 28 hours of training. In the formal training stage, the experimental group performed intermediate-intensity training, while the control group continued to perform traditional swim team training. The experimental indicators pertinent to the evaluated athletes were collected, tested, and analyzed before and after the experiment. Results: The VO2 of the athletes in the experimental group increased from 3.90±0.67L/min before the experiment to 4.06±0.73L/min after the experiment; VE increased from 156.08±35.76L before the experiment to 180.08±39.42L after the experiment; underwater endurance time increased from 46.80±8.43s before the experiment to 55.49±7.60s after the experiment. Conclusion: Intermittent training improves athletes' physical fitness and sports capacity, being an effective method to improve cardiopulmonary function. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

Supplemental Material for The Winding Road to the Tokyo Olympics: A Dynamic Approach to the Relationships Between Stress Appraisal, Coping, Performance, and Burnout Among an Artistic Swimming Team

Supplemental Material for The Winding Road to the Tokyo Olympics: A Dynamic Approach to the Relationships Between Stress Appraisal, Coping, Performance, and Burnout Among an Artistic Swimming Team

IMPACTOS DO TREINO DO CORE SOBRE O TREINAMENTO FÍSICO DE FORMAÇÃO NO NADO SINCRONIZADO

ABSTRACT Introduction: Synchronized swimming is a sport of artistic expression, skill, and physical fitness. Explosive, high-intensity movements rely mainly on the athlete’s good basal strength. Although China attaches great importance to the physical training of synchronized swimming athletes, there is no theoretical achievement in consolidating specific training. Objective: To analyze the impact of CORE strengthening on the physical training of synchronized swimming athletes. Methods: This article selects 30 synchronized swimmers as volunteers for the research. A basal metabolism test was used to verify the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VT), and other indicators. The isokinetic force measurement system measured the athletes’ maximum lumbar-abdominal muscle flexion/extension torque, explosive strength, fast muscle strength capacity, total work, and anti-fatigue capacity. Results: The synchronized limb training results of the swimming team were positively correlated with the stability of the CORE muscles. There is a positive relationship between 30 years old and maximal strength training and performance in athletes. Abdominal muscular endurance showed the highest correlation coefficient with synchronized swimming performance. Conclusion: Coaches should organize adequate strength training according to the growth and development characteristics of athletes and the characteristics of synchronized swimming movements. In this way, an excellent physical training effect can be achieved by CORE training. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

EFEITOS DO TREINAMENTO FUNCIONAL NA PROPRIOCEPÇÃO FÍSICA DE ATLETAS ESPORTIVOS

ABSTRACT Introduction Physical training is a well-known training method in competitive sports. However, in the majority of the physical training classes, the focus is still on the traditional exercises of physical conditioning as strength, speed, resistance, etc., directed for young athletes that are in the growth and development phase, without a literary base to assure actual effectiveness in the load increases for the athletic performance facing the risks in the athletes’ physical proprioception. Objective Explores the effect of functional training on the physical sensibility of sports athletes. Methods The data collection method is used in the daily training of six notable athletes in a district sports school: judo, martial arts, wrestling, tennis team, swimming team, and table tennis team, adding the functional training protocol in body movement. Results The average performance of the groups before and after the experiment was collected and confronted, the difference test was performed, and the test result found P&gt;0.05. The athletes in the experimental group not only improved the footwork speed and physical coordination, the movement speed of the footwork and the speed of the connection between movements increased significantly in the sixth week, reflecting more excellent stability and motor coordination in the movements. Proprioception is one of the essential sports qualities of the human body; it is directly related to physical qualities such as speed and strength and is also closely related to the different neural pathways. Conclusion Functional training can improve athletes’ physical flexibility and motor coordination; it can also stimulate body proprioceptors, increase athletes’ confidence, and make training more efficient and effective. Evidence level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the results.

The development of Chinese Swimming Leagues in recent years

So this study aims to explore and examine the future development and prospects of the Chinese Swimming League. This study provides some novel approaches to quantifying; the first is to analyze the current situation of the Chinese swimming team and why China's swimming strength is not as good as that of the US and Australia teams. What can we learn from them?t. Second, collect the number of prize winners in current China's key leagues, analyze how to do better in the next competition, and learn other countries' strategies. The third is to compare the training ways of the Chinese swimming team with other countries swimming. Moreover, providing suggestions to promote swimming in the school or society to train more outstanding swimmers. Although the history of the Chinese Swimming League is not long, there is a measureless development space in the future. It still takes time and relatively strives to catch up with the world's first-place swimming team. Everyone firmly believes that Chinese swimmers will achieve better results in major international games in the next few years.

CD3+/CD56+ NKT-like Cells Show Imbalanced Control Immediately after Exercise in Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness.

The purpose of the study was to carry out an immunophenotypical characterization with a special focus on natural killer cells of junior swimmers from the Hungarian National Swim Team before and after an intensive acute exercise. Nineteen swimmers, ten females and nine males, completed the exercise protocol. Sixteen swimmers experienced delayed-onset muscle soreness. Most of our findings substantiated earlier results, such as the increase in the percentage of the CD3−/CD56+ natural killer cells and the CD3−/CD56dim+ NK cells, and the decrease in the percentage of CD3+ T cells among lymphocytes after the exercise protocol. The drop of natural killer cell activity back to the pre-exercise level was in line with earlier findings. Interestingly, the percentage of CD3+/CD56+ NKT-like cells did not change significantly in those three swimmers who did not report delayed-onset muscle soreness. On the contrary, the percentage of CD3+/CD56+ NKT-like cells among lymphocytes increased in fourteen and decreased in two swimmers reporting delayed-onset muscle soreness. This study for the first time demonstrated a link between the delayed-onset muscle soreness and the imbalanced control of CD3+/CD56+ NKT-like cells among lymphocytes. However, validation of this association in a larger sample size study will be necessary.