Sweet Corn Plants Research Articles

Integrative application of silicon and/or proline improves Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) production and antioxidant defense system under salt stress condition

Silicon (Si) and/or proline (Pro) are natural supplements that are considered to induce plants' stress tolerance against various abiotic stresses. Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) production is severely afflicted by salinity stress. Therefore, two field tests were conducted to evaluate the potential effects of Si and/or Pro (6mM) used as seed soaking (SS) and/or foliar spray (FS) on Sweet corn plant growth and yield, physio-biochemical attributes, and antioxidant defense systems grown in a saline (EC = 7.14dS m−1) soil. The Si and/or Pro significantly increased growth and yield, photosynthetic pigments, free proline, total soluble sugars (TSS), K+/Na+ratios, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), α-Tocopherol (α-TOC), Ascorbate (AsA), glutathione (GSH), enzymatic antioxidants activities and other anatomical features as compared to controls. In contrast, electrolytes, such as SS and/or FS under salt stress compared to controls (SS and FS using tap water) were significantly decreased. The best results were obtained when SS was combined with FS via Si or Pro. These alterations are brought about by the exogenous application of Si and/or Pro rendering these elements potentially useful in aiding sweet corn plants to acclimate successfully to saline soil.

Physiological, Metabolic, and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Effect of Sweet Corn Plants Treated with a New Biostimulant on the Growth Enhancement, Focusing on Enhancing Gibberellin Synthesis and Signal Transduction

Physiological, Metabolic, and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Effect of Sweet Corn Plants Treated with a New Biostimulant on the Growth Enhancement, Focusing on Enhancing Gibberellin Synthesis and Signal Transduction

Human feces compost as an organic fertilizer for sweet corn cultivation in volcanic soil of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia

Volcanic material sedimentation of Mt. Merapi causes changes in surface soil's physical and chemical properties that reduce soil fertility. The eruption of the mountain also builds volcanic soil layers, which are generally porous and have a low water-holding capacity. The chemical properties of this layer have low nutrient content and organic matter. Solid human feces composted for 30 days has a water content of 51.62%, carbon 15.62%, nitrogen 1.50%, and phosphorus 6.45%. The potential of nutrients possessed by human feces compost has the opportunity to be used as a source of fertilizer for plants because the plant, animal biomass, and human excreta are essential components of material and energy flow in ecosystems. However, the human feces compost as an organic fertilizer has not yet been widely utilized. Therefore, the research aims are to study the potential of sanitized human feces composts to improve the fertility of volcanic soil from Mt. Merapi Indonesia and find its optimum dosage for sweet corn cultivation. Volcanic soil from Mt Merapi was brought to the greenhouse from the mountain area and used as media to cultivate sweet corn plants. The research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments consisting of four dosages of human feces compost and one control treatment using cattle manure. The four dosages of composted human feces were applied in the volcanic soil with the dose of 5, 10, 15, and 20 tons/hectare. Organic fertilizer from cattle manure with a dose of 20 tons/hectare was used as a control. The result showed that human feces compost has similar potential as cattle manure (control treatment) in increasing the growth and yield of sweet corn. Furthermore, the result also showed that the optimum dosage of organic fertilizer from human feces compost to increase sweet corn's productivity was 15 tons per hectare. Key words: human feces, soil quality, sweet corn, organic fertilizer, Indonesia

Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) Dengan Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Daun Lamtoro dan Pupuk NPK

The use of organic fertilizers such as lamtoro leaf liquid organic fertilizer can be used to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers in sweet corn cultivation. This study aims to obtain the concentration of lamtoro leaf liquid organic fertilizer and the efficient dose of NPK fertilizer for the growth and yield of sweet corn plants. The research was carried out at the UARDS Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors, namely the concentration of lamtoro leaf liquid organic fertilizer (0%, 30% and 50%) and the dose of NPK fertilizer (0 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha). The results showed that treatment with a concentration of 30% POC in lamtoro leaves was efficient in increasing plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter. Treatment with a dose of 200 kg/ha of NPK fertilizer was efficient in increasing the number of leaves, stem diameter, cob length and cob weight without cob. There was no interaction between the POC treatment of lamtoro leaves and NPK fertilizer for all observed parameters in sweet corn plants.

Effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and NPK Fertilizer in Increasing the Production of Sweet Corn Plant

Effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and NPK Fertilizer in Increasing the Production of Sweet Corn Plant

Identification of Morpho-Physiological and Yield Traits of Sweet Corn Hybrids at Various Shade Levels

The selection of shade-tolerant sweet corn under intercropping conditions is necessary to provide adaptive superior cultivars for agroforestry systems. Until recently, there have not been many reports of superior varieties of sweet corn tolerant to low light. This study aimed to determine the differences in the morphological, physiological and production responses of 25 hybrid sweet corn genotypes to low light intensity. This study used a nested design with three replications. The factors tested were the shade level (0%, 25%, 50% and 75%) and the genotype of hybrid corn. The results showed that most of the hybrid corn genotypes tested showed an increase in production at 25% shade, while at 50% and 75% shade, they showed a decrease in production. Based on relative production at 25% shade, the genotypes can be split into three groups: sensitive, moderate and tolerant. The tolerant genotype including F1 T8-2A x SM12-2 (G6); Exotic (G13); Talenta (G15); Golden boy (G16); F1 SM12-2 x T9-2 (G20) provided the highest increase in morpho-physiological characters and yields compared to the moderate and sensitive. In all genotype groups, morphological variables (number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and relative growth rate), physiological variables (stomata conductance, photosynthetic rate, and total dissolved solids (TDS)), and yield variables (length, diameter, number, weight and unhusked weight of ears) were significantly higher in the no-shade than in the shaded conditions. These findings can be used as a basis for sweet corn planting recommendations under shade condition areas such as in agroforestry systems.

Response of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata L.) to plant spacing and granular organic fertilizer (GOF)

Demand for sweet corn occurs drastically, especially in big cities. One of the limiting factors for the growth of sweet corn plants is the size of the plant population and the nutrient status of the soil. Based on this, it is necessary to increase the yield of sweet corn, among others, by setting the right spacing and applying organic granular fertilizer at the right dose as a source of nutrients. The study was conducted in Mandai, Maros, and South Sulawesi using a randomized block design in factorial. Plant spacing is the first factor (J1=70x20 cm; J2=70x30 cm; J3=70x40 cm). The level of application of granular organic fertilizer is the second factor (G1= 1 t ha-1; G2=2 t ha−1; G3=3 t ha−1). The use of plant spacing and the application of granular organic fertilizers had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, cob diameter, or number of rows per cob, but had a significant effect. on the parameters of cob length, cob weight without husk, the weight of 100 grains, number of seeds per row, and yield potential of sweet corn. In general, the best growth and yield of sweet corn was obtained at a spacing of 70 x 20 cm with the application of granular organic fertilizer (GOF) 3 t ha-1, namely 12.81 t ha−1.

Application of inorganic fertilizer NK (18-32) on growth and yield of sweet corn on clay soil

To determine the effectiveness and efficiency of the application of inorganic compound fertilizer NK (18-32) on sweet corn, an experiment was conducted at the experimental garden in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, starting from March to June 2020. The study was arranged in a single-factor RBD with ten treatments and three replications. The treatments were a combination of doses of NK compound fertilizer, a single fertilizer as a comparison, and a control (without fertilizer). Besides control, all treatments were given P fertilizer at a dose of 100 kg/ha. The result showed that doses of 500-750 kg/ha of NK compound fertilizer significantly increased the growth and yield of the sweet corn plant. Each 10 kg dose increase of NK fertilizer will increase the total dry weight of the plant by 1.3055 g and give a yield of 12.57–13.64 tons/ha of fresh cobs. This result is equivalent to the yield of standard N-K single fertilizer (350 kg/ha Urea + 75 kg/ha). The dose of NK compound fertilizer of 125-250 kg/ha was proven to be able to substitute 100% KCl fertilizer (75 kg/ha). The RAE value of 750 kg/ha of NK fertilizer was 105.99 % higher than the standard/comparative single fertilizer. The combination of 125 kg/ha NK fertilizer + 250 kg/ha Urea and 250 kg/ha NK fertilizer + 100 kg/ha Urea, respectively, resulted in a RAE 3.91% and 1.00% higher than the standard fertilizer. Fertilization can improve the quality of sweet corn, namely the level of sweetness increases. NK (18-32) fertilizer doses of 500-750 kg/ha significantly increased the sweetness level of seed corn from 11.17% (without fertilizer) to 15.25-15.25%.

Karakteristik Fisiologis Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. Var. saccharata Sturt) pada Kondisi Kekurangan Air dan Aplikasi Pupuk Kalium

This study aims to determine the physiological characteristics of sweet corn in conditions of water shortage and application of Potassium fertilizer. This research was conducted using 2-factor RAL with three replications. The first factor is optimum conditions (control) and water shortage conditions, while the second factor is: 200 kg KCL/ha, 250 kg KCL/ha and 300 kg KCL/ha. Parameters for observation consisted of photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductivity and CO2 concentration in cells which were carried out on plants aged 30 HST and 60 HST. The results showed that the lack of water in sweet corn decreased all physiological parameters, the application of potassium fertilizer did not have a significant effect on each parameter and the treatment interactions did not improve the physiological characteristics of sweet corn plants.

Efek Amelioran pada Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis

Ameliorant is a substance that can increase soil fertility by improving the soil's physical, chemical, and biological conditions, and it can be organic or inorganic. Some ameliorants often used are manure, lime, or a combination of all these fertilizers. This study aimed to determine the effect of ameliorants on the growth and production of sweet corn. The study was conducted at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta, from July to October 2022. The study used a Randomized Completely Block Design with five ameliorant treatments and five replications, so there were 25 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of three plants. The treatments given were P0 (without ameliorant as control)), P1 (calcite 5 g/plant), P2 (dolomite 5 g/plant), P3 (green mussel shell waste 5 g/plant, and P4 (zeolite 5 g/plant). The results showed that ameliorants gave similar results as controls and did not increase the growth and production of sweet corn plants.
 
 Keywords: ameliorant, green mussel shell, soil pH

The Effect Of The Combination Of Concentration And Spraying Time Bioliquid Organic Fertilizer For Growth And Yield Sweet Corn Plant (Zea mays Var. saccharata sturt) Baruna Varieties

This study aims to determine the effect of the combination of concentration and time of spraying bioliquid organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of sweet corn plants (Zea mays Var. saccharata Sturt) Baruna variety. The research was conducted in Tegalsari Village, Plered District, Cirebon Regency from January to May 2023. The experimental method used was using the experimental method with Group Random Design (RAK), consisting of 7 treatment combinations and repeated 4 times. Data analysis was carried out using fingerprints and further tests with the Duncan Multiple Distance Test at the level of 5%. After that, a Correlation Test was carried out with Product Moment t Test analysis between the growth components and the yield of sweet corn plants. The results showed a real influence between the concentration and time of spraying bioliquid organic fertilizer on plant height, number of leaves aged 60 HST, stem diameter, length of husked cob, diameter of husked cob, weight of cob per plant, and weight of husked cob per plot. The concentration of liquid organic fertilizer 5 ml/1 liter of water and spraying time of 14, 28, 42 HST showed the best effect on the weight of cob per plot resulting in production of 15.60 kg/plot or equivalent to 17.33 tons/ha.

The Combination Effect of Plant Standing and Dosage of Manureon Growth and Years of Corn (Zea Mays L.) Cultivar Sweet Lady

This study aims to determine: (1) the effect of the combination treatment spacing and manure dosage on the growth and yield of sweet corn, (2) the best combination of spacing treatment and manure dosage on the growth and yield of sweet corn, and (3) correlation between growth components and yield of sweet corn plants. The experiment was carried out in Bakung Kidul Village, Jamblang District, Cirebon Regency from November 2022 to February 2023. The experimental method used was an experimental method using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with a further test of the Scott Knott Cluster Test at a 5 percent significance level. It consisted of a combination of spacing and manure treatment, and was repeated three times. The treatment combinations were as follows: A (40 cm x 40 cm and 15 tons of manure/ha), B (40 cm x 40 cm and 20 tons of manure/ha), C (40 cm x 40 cm and 25 tons of fertilizer manure/ha), D (50 cm x 40 cm and 15 tons of manure/ha), E (50 cm x 40 cm and 20 tons of manure/ha), F (50 cm x 40 cm and 25 tons of manure/ ha), G (60 cm x 40 cm and 15 tons of manure/ha), H (60 cm x 40 cm and 20 tons of manure/ha) and I (60 cm x 40 cm and 25 tons of manure/ha). The results showed that: (1) the combination of spacing and manure treatment had a significant effect on the growth and yield of sweet corn, (2) a spacing of 50 cm x 40 cm combined with 20 tons of manure per hectare had the best effect on plant height, number of leaves, cob length, weight of cobs with and without husks per plot. Spacing of 50 cm x 40 cm combined with 20 and 25 tons of manure per hectare gave the best effect on cob diameter, cob weight with and without husks per plant, and (3) there was a significant positive relationship between plant height at 42 days old after planting, the number of leaves aged 28 days and 42 days after planting with cob weight without husk per plot.

PENGARUH KOMBINASI PUPUK HAYATI DAN DOSIS NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG MANIS

Sweet corn productivity can be achieved by increasing land productivity which is supported by the suitability of land and climate conditions. The use of biological fertilizers and NPK fertilizers is an effort to increase land productivity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the combination of biological fertilizers, NPK fertilizer doses, and interactions on the growth and yield of sweet corn. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The factors that were tried were the combination of biological fertilizers A and B (H1), A and C (H2), B and C (H3), A, B, and C (H4) and the dose of NPK fertilizer was 100% (D1), 75% ( D2), 50% (D3), 25% (D4) of the recommended dose. The results of this study are that the combination of several types of biological fertilizers has not been able to increase the growth and yield of sweet corn plants, presumably due to antagonistic competence between biological fertilizers and one another. The dose of NPK fertilizer 75% of the recommendations had the best results on sweet corn yields because a lower dose of NPK fertilizer was able to increase the yield of sweet corn.

UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURE WASTE AS A SOIL AMENDMENT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF SWEET CORN (Zea Mays.)

The decline in soil fertility of agricultural land and the abundance of agricultural wastes is a major problem in the environment. To overcome these problems, agricultural wastes have the potential to serve as a beneficial product that provides sustainable agriculture. The use of agricultural wastes as soil amendments is a sustainable practice in improving soil quality and plant productivity. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the potential of agricultural wastes and agriculture wastes-derived biochars as soil amendments toward sweet corn (Zea Mays.) growth performance. The study was conducted in the greenhouse for 75 days. A randomized complete block design with four treatments (oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), EFB biochar, decanter cake, corn cob and corn cob biochar) in combination with mineral soil and four replication was used during the study. Plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves were assessed for each treatment. Results indicate that corn cob biochar significantly increased the sweet corn height and plant diameter by respectively 11.0% and 25.0% as compared to the control. An increase in the stem diameter by 10.0% due to the application of EFB was observed at 45 days compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, the agricultural waste which is corn cob biochar were observed to have the potential in enhancing the sweet corn (Zea Mays.) growth.

Growth and Development of Sweet Corn Plants in the Agro–Ecological Conditions of the Western Region of Ukraine

Growth and Development of Sweet Corn Plants in the Agro–Ecological Conditions of the Western Region of Ukraine

EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA TANAM AGRONIKA PADA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata sturt)

Abstract : Sweet corn production at the Indonesian farmer level is still very low. The low production is due to the many obstacles faced in the cultivation of sweet corn, including low soil fertility. The tendency of farmers to currently use inorganic fertilizers. The negative effect of using inorganic fertilizers is that the physical condition of the soil becomes worse, crop yields decrease from previous results. An alternative to overcome this negative effect is by using organic fertilizers. This fertilizer tends to increase the amount of water that can be held in the soil. in the soil and available to plants, as well as a source of energy for micro-organisms. The aim is to determine the effectiveness of the use of agronomic fertilizers on the growth of sweet corn, and to determine the level of effectiveness of the use of agronic fertilizers. This study consisted of using agronic fertilizers with different dosage levels. The observed plant growth parameters were plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter, while the observed production parameters were stover weight, firm weight and non-husked weight. Data analysis. Parameter data obtained were analyzed statistically with 95% variance then continued with Duncan's test at 5% level. The results of the application of agronomic fertilizer types and dose levels of 2.4 Kg per plot, 4.8 Kg per plot, 7.2 Kg per plot, on sweet corn plants showed the highest growth and production with a better dose level of 7.2 per plot. Keywords: Dosage, Sweet Corn, Growth, Organic Fertilizer, Productio

Substitute half dose of macro fertilizers with liquid organic fertilizers on sweet corn plants (Zea mays saccharata) on Inceptisol Soil in Indonesia

Corn is a promising commodity economically for cultivation. Apart from not requiring a long harvest time, sweet corn has a high selling value, without a long post-harvest process. The location of research was conducted in rice fields in Tawangargo Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. Altitude ± 749 m above sea level. The implementation was carried out from December 2019 to July 2020. The research design was carried out using a Complete Randomized Block Design, with 2 factors. Factor 1, is the recommended fertilizer dosage of 3 doses (0, ½, and 1 dose), and the second factor is the dose of liquids fertilizer organic (0, 4, 8, and 12 g / l) with 4 repetitions, with intervals of 7-10 once a day. Giving 4 ml / l dose of inorganic fertilizer at an interval of once a week, together with 1 recommended dosage of Makro fertilizer affects the growth and yield of sweet corn plants. The highest production per ha in this treatment was 13,339 kg. The highest RAE value is 325.6% in the recommended 1 dose of NPK treatment plus 4 g / l of "liquids fertilizer organic". The economic approach is by calculating the R/C ratio, the treatment with the highest RAE is the R/C ratio of 8.59 with a net income of Rp. 176,785,041, -

Land Optimization With Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata, Sturt) and Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Overlapping Systems in Nagari Gadut, Tilatang Kamang District

Research conducted experiment using a completely randomized design with 6 treatments that is the time of planting eggplant as secondary crops to the cultivation of sweet corn (M) consisting of: M1 = planting at same time; M2 = time of planting eggplant 1 week after planting sweet corn; M3 = time of planting eggplant 2 weeks after planting sweet corn; M4 = time of planting eggplant 3 weeks after planting sweet corn; M5 = single planting sweet corn planting time = M1. M6 = single eggplant planting time = M1. The results planting showed that eggplant can be planted together with sweet corn planting time, up to three weeks after planting sweet corn. Results of sweet corn is not influenced by the timing of planting different eggplant. The M3 and M4 treatments resulted in relatively more profitable production based on the total relative yield (RYT) and land equivalent ratio (LER).

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMEGANG HAK PERLINDUNGAN VARIETAS TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS TALENTA

ABSTRACT
 Indonesia as a state of law certainly wants a just and prosperous life and livelihood for its people in accordance with the norms and rules that have been established and apply in society. Legal protection essentially everyone has the right to legal protection, almost all legal relationships must receive protection from the law, one of which is the legal protection given to Plant Variety Protection. The establishment of a legal protection, namely in the event of a violation of the rights of the holder of the Plant Variety Protection right. The research method includes the type of normative juridical research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The conclusions drawn by the author in this thesis are first, the form of legal protection for the right holder of the sweet corn variety of talent is carried out externally and internally. Second, to compensate PVP rights holders if their actions pollute the reputation of PVP rights holders. Efforts to resolve the dispute if there is a violation of the rights of the sweet corn plant variety of talent is to be able to file a civil lawsuit in the District Court.

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) modulates sweet corn-corn earworm interactions

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) induces systemic resistance against plant diseases and insect herbivores in plants. The impact of single and blends of PGPR strains on plant-insect interactions with a focus on feeding and oviposition behavior of insect herbivores was studied using sweet corn (Zea mays) and corn earworm (CEW) (Helicoverpa zea) as a model system. Sweet corn plants were treated with single and blends of PGPR strains that include Blend 5 consists of PGPR strains AP-209 and AP-136, whereas Blend 8 consists of three strains, AP-136, AP-218, and AP-219, and a single strain, AP-209. The control sweet corn plants were untreated with PGPR. Adult female CEWs laid a significantly low number of eggs on PGPR-treated plants compared to the number of eggs laid on untreated sweet corn plants. Moreover, the leaf area damage inflected by the larvae was higher in untreated corn plants when compared with the PGPR-treated plants. Interestingly, plants treated with blends of PGPR are less preferred than the single-strain treated plants by the adult and larvae. These findings reveal that treating plants with rhizobacteria may induce significant physiological changes with potential ramifications for plant-insect interactions.