Sustained Commitment Research Articles

Corporate biodiversity disclosure: The role of institutional factors and corporate governance

AbstractExtensive environmental degradation also has a negative impact on biodiversity, which plays a crucial role in both human survival and economic development. This condition has prompted various parties, including companies, to provide their contributions in preventing further severe damage. This study aims to examine the role of institutional factors, namely environmental performance and governance at the national level, as well as the role of corporate governance factors represented by board size, the proportion of independent directors, board diversity, and the presence of sustainability committees, in the corporate disclosure of biodiversity initiatives. The sample of this study comprises companies from 37 countries during the period 2016–2020. The study adopts a quantitative approach and utilizes analytical methods such as logistic regression and fixed‐effect panel data analysis. Research findings indicate that the national environmental performance as an institutional factor, board size, and the existence of sustainability committees as representatives of corporate governance mechanisms are positively associated with corporate biodiversity disclosure. Meanwhile, the national governance index and the proportion of independent directors have a negative impact. Lastly, in general, the proportion of female board members does not significantly affect biodiversity disclosure. However, additional tests reveal its significance in companies operating in the environmentally‐sensitive industries.

Global perspectives on the burden of sexually transmitted diseases: A narrative review.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) pose a significant global health challenge with far-reaching social, economic, and public health implications. These infections have haunted humanity from ancient times to today, transcending geographical boundaries and cultural contexts. This article explores the multifaceted landscape of STDs, delving into their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and global response strategies. The global prevalence of STDs is staggering, with millions of new cases reported annually. Prominent among these infections is HIV/AIDS, which remains a major global health crisis, affecting over 38 million people worldwide. Additionally, bacterial STDs like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis continue to pose significant health risks, with millions of new cases reported yearly. Beyond the physical manifestations, STDs have profound social and economic implications. They can result in severe reproductive health issues, stigma, discrimination, and psychological distress, burdening healthcare systems and affecting individuals' quality of life. The global response to STDs has been multifaceted, with international organizations and governments implementing various prevention and control strategies, including sexual education programs and scaling up access to testing and treatment. However, challenges persist, including disparities in healthcare access, sociocultural factors influencing transmission, and evolving pathogens with increasing resistance to treatment. Through case studies and real-world examples, we illuminate the human stories behind the statistics, highlighting the lived experiences of individuals grappling with STDs and the complex interplay of factors shaping their journeys. Ultimately, this review calls for continued research, innovative strategies, and sustained global commitment to mitigating the burden of STDs and promoting sexual health and well-being for all.

From port to disposal: a strategic view to Australia’s O&G decommissioning success across the value chain

Australia’s decommissioning portfolio is forecasted to increase substantially over the next 50 years amounting to US$40.5 billion nationally, with 90% of decommissioning by 2060. High costs, the complexity of our infrastructure geography, ensuring circular economy and carbon efficient principles, will be challenges the industry will need to collaborate through. But Australia has a skilled workforce, a strong sustainability commitment, a mindset of partnership and collaboration as well as a tradition for innovation. These strategic advantages will enable the establishment of new industries early to be a regional player in decommissioning. As the assets are decommissioned offshore, travel to the beach, transported to identified waste providers and go through final end-of-life cycle management including recycling and repurposing, strategic linkages of the value chain will be key for a successful decommissioning industry set up. Understanding the oil and gas (O&G) decommissioning industry’s needs, opportunities and challenges early will strategically enable Australia to pave the way for building decommissioning expertise, critical infrastructure, and sustainable practices. This includes understanding where ports should intersect with waste storage, processing, recycling and disposal capabilities, as we have an opportunity to think differently about turning waste into new resources. And most importantly, how do we ensure availability of a skilled workforce in an already resource-crunched market? As we analyse the port to disposal value chain, it is important to overlay the carbon footprint, regulation, and socio-economic lenses on the journey to support the industry and to ensure long-term viability to minimise conflict with other competing industries or activities.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 Decent Work and Economic Growth Implementation: A review of the Indonesian case 2018-2022

From 2018 to 2021, the global landscape was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Indonesia, which faced the highest number of COVID-19 cases in Asia, demonstrated remarkable resilience in maintaining the Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG 8) trajectory amidst these challenging times. This study aims to scrutinise Indonesia's sustained commitment to sustainable development during the global economic downturn. Using a qualitative methodology and a comprehensive literature review, this study uses the Voluntary National Review (VNR) reports as its primary source. It assesses the achievement of SDG 8 based on the process step indicators established by Allen et al. (2017). Despite experiencing a recession for four consecutive quarters, the study finds that Indonesia has successfully met all the established indicators, although there are challenges and areas that require further attention.

Green entrepreneurship in UK foods and the emergence of the alternative meat sector: Quorn 1965–2006

The pioneer in alternative proteins was the British company Marlow Foods, which created the world’s first mycoprotein product under the Quorn brand name. This article explores its emergence and development between 1965 and 2006. This case study supports three of the broad premises in the existing literature on business history of green entrepreneurship; that green innovation typically takes longer than non-green, is therefore more costly, and that green entrepreneurs are typically values- not profit-driven. The article then explores these premises and their consequences in the case of Quorn. With the long period between its inception and market acceptance in the 1990s, there was a significant continuity gap in Quorn’s environmental credentials. Quorn bridged that gap because of a sustained commitment to environmentalism that came via the legacy of its very influential founder. But it was the BSE crisis that permitted the product to move from vegetarian niche to the mainstream.

Sustainable edge computing: Challenges and future directions

AbstractThe advent of edge computing holds immense promise for advancing the digitization of society, ushering in critical applications that elevate the overall quality of life. Yet, the practical implementation of the edge paradigm proves more challenging than anticipated, encountering disruptions primarily due to the constraints of applying conventional cloud‐based strategies at the network's periphery. Increasingly influenced by sustainability commitments, industry regulations currently view edge computing as a potential threat, primarily due to the energy inefficiency of solutions situated in close proximity to data generation sources and the rising density of computing. This paper presents a proactive strategy to transform the perceived threat into an opportunity, steering the sustainable evolution of future edge infrastructures to make them both environmentally and economically competitive for accelerated adoption. The vision outlined addresses key challenges associated with edge deployment and operation, emphasizing energy efficiency, fault‐tolerant automation, and collaborative orchestration. The proposed approach integrates two‐phase immersion cooling, formal modeling, machine learning, and federated management to effectively harness heterogeneity, propelling the sustainability of edge computing. To substantiate the efficacy of this approach, the paper details initial efforts towards establishing the sustainability of an edge infrastructure designed for an Advanced Driver Assistance Systems application.

The Influence of ESG on Firm Performance: Evidence from Listed Companies in China

The primary objective of this dissertation is to examine the influence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors on the financial performance of a selected group of Chinese companies listed on the stock exchange. The results indicate a negative relationship between a firm's ESG performance and overall performance, suggesting that higher ESG performance is associated with worse firm performance. Furthermore, a considerable negative association exists between company performance and the environmental, social, and governance pillars. Upon further examination, the underlying cause for this outcome could be attributed to the company's allocation of resources towards environmental, social, and governance (ESG) initiatives. This investment incurs additional costs, but it is difficult for this expenditure to pay off in the short term. This situation contributes to a decline in the corporation's overall performance. Hence, corporations must prioritize long-term profitability and redirect their focus from immediate financial benefits to enduring social responsibility and sustainability commitments. Companies can incorporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) plans into their fundamental business strategy to guarantee that ESG objectives align with their long-term goals. This practice aids in the prevention of supplementary expenses.

Corporate governance for sustainable development: A study on mechanism configuration

There is a dearth of configuration analysis on the factors that constitute corporate governance mechanisms within the framework of corporate sustainable goals in existing literature. Specifically, the impact mechanisms related to various combined mechanisms have not been comprehensively defined. This study employs Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) approach to explore the effects of various configurations of corporate governance mechanisms on sustainable development, based on a sample of 2959 Chinese listed companies. Our analysis identifies four distinct pathways that facilitate the achievement of sustainable development goals: 1) enlarging board size, providing managerial incentives, establishing sustainability committees, and enhancing corporate transparency; 2) promoting board diversity, providing managerial incentives, establishing sustainability committees, and enhancing corporate transparency; 3) reducing ownership concentration, providing managerial incentives, establishing sustainability committees, and enhancing corporate transparency; 4) encouraging individual investment, providing managerial incentives, establishing sustainability committees, and enhancing corporate transparency. Additionally, a comparative analysis of different pathways has revealed substitutional relationships between board size and diversity, ownership concentration and investor structure, while highlighting the complementary relationship of managerial incentives, sustainability committees, and corporate transparency. Challenging the erstwhile linear research paradigm, this study contributes to understanding the pathways for achieving sustainable development goals from a configurational perspective and elucidates the relationships between corporate governance mechanisms. It offers novel and comprehensive evidence for examining the intricate nexus between corporate governance mechanisms and sustainable development. Keywords: Stakeholder theory; Sustainable development; Corporate governance mechanisms; Mechanism configurations; fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA).

Evolution of community outreach and engagement at National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Centers, an evolving journey.

Cancer mortality rates have declined during the last 28 years, but that process is not equitably shared. Disparities in cancer outcomes by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation and gender identity, and geographic location persist across the cancer care continuum. Consequently, community outreach and engagement (COE) efforts within National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Center (NCI-DCC) catchment areas have intensified during the last 10 years as has the emphasis on COE and catchment areas in NCI's Cancer Center Support Grant applications. This review article attempts to provide a historic perspective of COE within NCI-DCCs. Improving COE has long been an important initiative for the NCI, but it was not until 2012 and 2016 that NCI-DCCs were required to define their catchment areas rigorously and to provide specific descriptions of COE interventions, respectively. NCI-DCCs had previously lacked adequate focus on the inclusion of historically marginalized patients in cancer innovation efforts. Integrating COE efforts throughout the research and operational aspects of the cancer centers, at both the patient and community levels, will expand the footprint of COE efforts within NCI-DCCs. Achieving this change requires sustained commitment by the centers to adjust their activities and improve access and outcomes for historically marginalized communities.

Collaborative Governance in Tourism Village Development in Ciamis Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia

Tourism villages are a potential sector in the development of an area with very minimal risk of environmental damage. This makes village tourism a leading sector for all villages, including villages in Ciamis Regency. The development of tourist villages in the normative and empirical process needs to be carried out through collaborative governance because tourist villages have multidimensional characteristics. The development of tourist villages in Ciamis Regency is still not optimal because even though it has great potential and is supported by the Tourism Information Center, it turns out that the development process is still carried out separately between all parties involved. The aim of this research is to analyze collaborative government governance in developing tourist villages and find an ideal collaborative governance model in developing tourist villages in Ciamis Regency. For this purpose, Ansell and Gash's government collaboration theory is used which includes four dimensions, namely initial conditions, facilitative leadership, institutional design, and collaboration processes. The research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the ongoing tourism village development process has not fully adopted collaborative governance. This is because trust has not been formed in each of the actors involved. The ideal tourism village development model that adopts collaborative governance is the Tourism Development Model. This model prioritizes building trust and sustainable commitment to each actor in tourism village development.

Addressing environment, social and governance (ESG) investment in China: Does board composition and financing decision matter?

This study examined the link between board composition and environment, social and governance (ESG) investment, and how financing decisions moderate this nexus. The study constructed hypotheses using insights derived from stakeholder and agency theories. We used secondary data from 2010 to 2022 to conduct an empirical analysis using the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and Fixed Effect (FE) estimators. This study found a positive and significant relationship between board independence, sustainability committee, gender diversity, managerial ownership, board meetings and ESG investment. We also found a negative connection between CEO duality, board size, foreign nationals on the board, annual remuneration, and ESG investment. Furthermore, financing decisions significantly moderated the relationship between board composition and ESG investment. The results confirm the importance of board composition and financing decisions in ESG investment in Chinese manufacturing firms. The results show that splitting the CEO and chairperson roles and frequent board meetings can improve a company's ESG investment. Policymakers should facilitate company operations by providing regulations for ESG investment.

Approaching the SDG targets with sustained political commitment: drivers of the notable decline in maternal and neonatal mortality in Morocco

BackgroundBetween 2000 and 2017/2018, Morocco reduced its maternal mortality ratio by 68% and its neonatal mortality rate by 52%—a higher improvement than other North African countries. We conducted the Exemplars...

Factors influencing perseverance in teaching Chinese martial arts abroad: a self-determination theory perspective among international instructors.

The global dissemination of Chinese martial arts (CMAs), transcends mere physical activity; it represents a cultural and philosophical journey that contributes to enhanced psychological well-being. Capturing international attention, CMAs have engendered a network of global instructors committed to their cross-cultural teaching. However, the narrative of CMAs across the globe is incomplete without understanding the psychological factors that fuel the perseverance of these international instructors. Their relentless commitment, motivated by factors beyond the cultural and geographical barriers, poses a unique question: What motivates these instructors to persist in teaching CMAs in the face of such challenges? The study aims to uncover the key motivational mechanisms that influence the perseverance of international CMAs instructors in their teaching endeavors. Employing Self-Determination Theory, 147 international CMAs instructors completed the Motivation for Teaching CMAs Scale, Perceived Belonging Scale, and Perseverance in Teaching CMAs Scale. SPSS 20.0 was utilized for conducting descriptive statistics, common method bias tests, and correlation analyses. Structural equation modeling was performed using AMOS 26.0. Autonomous Motivation positively affected perseverance in teaching CMAs (β = 0.369, b = 0.465, t = 4.232, p < 0.001). In contrast, Amotivation negatively affected perseverance (β = -0.323, b = -0.382, t = -3.561, p < 0.001). Neither Controlled Motivation nor Sense of Belonging significantly affected perseverance. The model explained 27.9% of the variance in perseverance, offering insights into the motivational mechanisms influencing international CMAs instructors. This study concludes that the perseverance of international instructors in teaching CMAs is primarily driven by overcoming amotivation and fostering autonomous motivation, rather than short-term internal or external incentives, which appear ineffective. Additionally, sense of belonging to their CMA school does not significantly influence their perseverance, potentially due to the diverse cultural backgrounds of the instructors surveyed. The findings suggest that by enhancing the recognition and acceptance of CMAs' core philosophies and values, aligning teaching practices with personal and cultural values, and fostering a profound passion for CMAs, international instructors could boost their autonomous motivation, which is crucial for their sustained commitment in promoting CMAs globally.

Analysis of International Carbon-Neutrality Campus Cases -A Case Study on Research Universities in the United States-

This study aims to contribute to the spread and promotion of discussions on carbon-neutral campuses by examining cases of carbon-neutral campus development in major research universities in the United States (Harvard, MIT, Stanford, UC Berkeley). To achieve this, an analysis was conducted on the carbon emissions status, climate conditions, carbon-neutral campus goals and strategies, emission quantification status, and progress of each university. The background for achieving carbon-neutral campuses at each university was explored, and the possibility of adoption in domestic universities was investigated. The universities effectively reduced greenhouse gases using PPAs and cooperative governance systems to create carbon-neutral campuses. PPAs were funded via government grants, university endowments, and fund creation. Sustainability departments were established, engaging internal and external stakeholders in carbon-neutral planning. In particular, the sustainability offices of each university demonstrate leadership both in reducing carbon and improving overall quality of life by setting goals related to reducing water consumption, promoting health, culture, food, and connecting with local communities. Korean universities face challenges in reducing building emissions, with limited use of mechanisms like PPAs. Thus, Policy backing is vital for procuring renewable energy. Additionally, although some domestic universities have ESG committees or sustainability committees, there are limitations in their roles, authority, and member participation. Thus, for the creation of carbon-neutral campuses and transition to sustainable society, it is imperative to establish relevant governance structures and systemic climate/environmental education, research collaboratively for institution value and talent development.

Building your Tailored Business Case for Lifestyle Medicine-A Template for Success

Most healthcare professionals agree on the “why” behind encouraging administrators to embrace Lifestyle Medicine as a means of treating chronic conditions and improving health. It is the “how” that often evades us. How do we build our business case to justify the sustained commitment to this approach to care? Each entity has unique obstacles and opportunities inherent in their business model and organizational culture. Attempts to position Lifestyle Medicine as a fundamental means for reshaping healthcare sometimes fall flat despite the value of the requests. Advance preparation including strategic planning and a well-designed approach can make the difference by addressing barriers and opening doors. Each business case will be unique, but there are critical elements that should be common to every strategic plan. We can identify foundational tactics to substantiate the need for integration of Lifestyle Medicine as a critical part of healthcare institutions and their financial plans. Given the momentum in Lifestyle Medicine as a discipline, recommendations can be based on successful practices in the development of business cases, program pilots, sustained budgets and outcomes that justify expansion.

Unpacking sustainability reporting dimensions: the impact of board characteristics

Purpose This paper aims to document international evidence of the impact of a board-level governance bundle [size, independence, CEO duality, gender diversity and sustainability committee (SC)] on sustainability reporting (SR) and, separately, on its three dimensions (economic, environmental and social). Design/methodology/approach The sample includes 370 listed firms from 50 countries. A GRI standards-based disclosure index was constructed to quantify SR across various reporting media. Findings The baseline findings show that SC positively affects SR and its three dimensions. Board size also has a significant and positive impact on SR and two of its dimensions (economic and social). Similarly, board independence and CEO duality have a significant but negative association with SR and the same two dimensions. Finally, board gender diversity has no significant impact on SR and all its three dimensions. Practical implications The findings that only SC significantly influences SR, and its three dimensions, have important implications for corporate governance reforms internationally to improve SR in countries where such committees are not yet part of the board of directors’ sub-committees. Originality/value Overall, this study contributes to board characteristics–SR literature and holds significant theoretical and practical implications.

Recycling water: board membership and industry-peer pressures

PurposeDespite the well-recognized importance of recycled water, the study of industry-peer pressure on recycled water is relatively new. This study investigates how organizations experience and react to industry-peer pressure to set recycled water targets. Additionally, this study investigates the role of board chairs involved in sustainability committees in contributing to responses to industry-peer pressure.Design/methodology/approachUsing Eviews 12, this study employed a pooled logistic regression model to analyze data from 1,346 firms on Taiwan and Taipei exchanges (2017–2020).FindingsThe findings revealed that frequency-based imitation drives recycled water target-setting diffusion. However, there is no direct relationship between outcome-based imitation and recycled water target-setting. Notably, outcome-based imitation drives the adoption of recycled water target-setting of firms with board-chair membership in sustainability committees.Research limitations/implicationsThis study faces certain data limitations. First, this study primarily focuses on water recycling. Future research could explore other ways to reduce water usage, such as using water-efficient equipment. Second, this study gathered information solely on the presence or absence of a board chairperson on the sustainability committee. Future researchers could explore the impact of the composition of sustainability committee on recycled water target-setting. Lastly, the sample used in this study is restricted to Taiwan's corporations that existed during 2017–2020. Future researchers may consider adopting a longitudinal design in other economies to address this limitation.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study offer several guidelines and implications for recycled water target-setting and the composition of sustainability committees. It responds to an urgent call for solutions to water shortages when pressure from governments and nongovernmental organizations is relatively absent. The number of industry peers that have already set recycled water targets is indispensable for motivating firms to set their own recycled water targets. In terms of insufficient water-related regulatory pressure and normative pressure, this study found evidence suggesting that the direct motivation for setting recycled water targets stems from mimetic pressures via frequency-based imitation. The evidence in this study suggests that policymakers should require companies to disclose their peers’ recycled water target information, as doing so serves as an alternative means to achieving SDG 6.3.Social implicationsRecycled water target-setting might be challenging. Water recycling practices may face strong resistance and require substantial additional resources (Zhang and Tang, 2019; Gao et al., 2019; Gu et al., 2023). Therefore, this study suggests that firms should ensure the mindfulness of board members in promoting the welfare of the natural environment when making recycled water target-setting decisions. To reap the second-mover advantage, firms must consider the conditions in which board members can more effectively play their role. Corporations may help their chairpersons in setting recycled water targets by recruiting them as members of sustainability committees. Meanwhile, chairpersons tend to activate accurate mental models when the water conservation performance of pioneering industry peers is strong enough to indicate the potential benefits of adopting recycled water target-setting. Investors’ and stakeholders’ understanding of how the composition of sustainability committees is related to recycled water target-setting may help to identify the potential drivers of firms’ water responsibility. Investors and stakeholders should distinguish firms in terms of the board chair’s membership of their sustainability committee and focus on water-use reduction outcomes in the industry. This study provides insights into circumstances whereby chairpersons help to restore the water ecosystem.Originality/valueThis study explains how frequency-based and outcome-based imitation are two prominent mechanisms underlying the industry-peer pressure concerning recycled water target-setting. Moreover, this study fills literature gaps related to the moderating roles of board-chair membership in sustainability committees concerning industry-peer pressure on recycled water target-setting.

Legal Framework and International Cooperation in Combatting Human Trafficking

Human trafficking is a pervasive global issue violating fundamental human rights and affecting millions annually across borders. Efforts to combat it involve intricate legal frameworks and international collaboration mechanisms. This research delves into the effectiveness and hurdles of these approaches. It begins with an overview of national and international legal structures. Various instruments, treaties, and protocols criminalizing trafficking and protecting victims are explored, with emphasis on the United Nation's Palermo Protocol. Furthermore, the study scrutinizes mechanisms fostering international cooperation. This includes bilateral and multilateral agreements, legal assistance, extradition treaties, and information-sharing networks. Organizations like United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and International Organization for Migration (IOM) play crucial roles in facilitating cooperation and providing support. However, despite progress, challenges persist. Inconsistent implementation of laws, insufficient resources for enforcement and victim support, jurisdictional complexities, and corruption hinder effectiveness. Addressing these issues demands sustained commitment, resource allocation, and cross-border collaboration to protect the vulnerable and hold perpetrators accountable.

Career Trajectory After General Surgery Residency: Do Academic Program Graduates Pursue Academic Surgery?

Determine the proportion of contemporary US academic general surgery residency program graduates who pursue academic careers and identify factors associated with pursuing academic careers. Many academic residency programs aim to cultivate academic surgeons, yet the proportion of contemporary graduates who choose academic careers is unclear. The potential determinants that affect graduates' decisions to pursue academic careers remain underexplored. We collected program and individual-level data on 2015 and 2018 graduates across 96 US academic general surgery residency programs using public resources. We defined those pursuing academic careers as faculty within US allopathic medical school-affiliated surgery departments who published two or more peer-reviewed publications as the first or senior author between 2020-2021. After variable selection using sample splitting LASSO regression, multivariable regression evaluated association with pursuing academic careers among all graduates, and graduates of top-20 residency programs. Secondary analysis using multivariable ordinal regression explored factors associated with high research productivity during early faculty years. Among 992 graduates, 166 (17%) were pursuing academic careers according to our definition. Graduating from a top-20 ranked residency program (OR[95%CI]: 2.34[1.40-3.88]), working with a longitudinal research mentor during residency (OR[95%CI]: 2.21[1.24-3.95]), holding an advanced degree (OR[95%CI]: 2.20[1.19-3.99]), and the number of peer-reviewed publications during residency as first or senior author (OR[95%CI]: 1.13[1.07-1.20]) were associated with pursuing an academic surgery career, while the number of peer-reviewed publications before residency was not (OR[95%CI]: 1.08[0.99-1.20]). Among top 20 program graduates, working with a longitudinal research mentor during residency (OR[95%CI]: 0.95[0.43-2.09]) was not associated with pursuing an academic surgery career. The number of peer-reviewed publications during residency as first or senior author was the only variable associated with higher productivity during early faculty years (OR[95%CI]: 1.12[1.07-1.18]). Our findings suggest programs that aim to graduate academic surgeons may benefit from ensuring trainees receive infrastructural support and demonstrate sustained commitment to research throughout residency. Our results should be interpreted cautiously as the impact of unmeasured confounders is unclear.

Sustainable Commitment Scheduling for Power, Heat, and Natural Gas Dispatch

This manuscript presents commitment scheduling of power, heat and natural gas in presence of thermal generating units (TUs), cogeneration units (CUs), heat only units (HUs), solar PV plants, wind turbine generators and PEV parking lot with charging and discharging facility considering carbon capture. Power to gas technology comprising of carbon capture unit, electrolyzer, hydrogen storage unit, and methanation procedure, is used to provide natural gas demand using CO2 taken from TUs, CUs, HUs and hydrogen produced by electrolyzer. Total operative cost of TUs, CUs, HUs plus running cost of WGs and SPs are minimized whilst fulfilling a number of unit commitment constraints as well as generation scheduling constraints. Binary differential evolution along with priority list is applied for solving this problem. Numerical results of the system are comprehended for giving valued particulars for operative problem.