Sustainable Production Patterns Research Articles

Local potentials for achieving sustainable development goals: qualitative evidence from local governments in Türkiye

ABSTRACT Although academia occasionally emphasises prioritising the local dimension in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the potential of local governments to contribute to SDGs accomplishment remains a relatively unexplored area within academic discourse. This study aims to elucidate the potential of local governments in achieving the SDGs with qualitative evidence from Türkiye, conducting content analysis on strategic targets presented in a total of 382 strategic plans from 331 municipalities and 51 Special Provincial Administrations (SPAs) covering the years 2020–2024. Notable findings indicate a robust commitment from both local government types to SDG11, emphasising social and cultural life, urban environment, and liveability- a shared intent to enhance resident well-being. However, a substantial gender equality (SDG5) gap persists in both types, while SDGs (7, 12, 13, 14, 17) centred on clean energy, climate change, and sustainable production patterns reveal a weak mutual strategic orientation.

Integrative cultivation pattern, distribution, yield and potential benefit of rubber based agroforestry system in China

Rubber trees are the most widely cultivated natural rubber crops globally. Although commercial cultivation of rubber trees occurs in Hainan, Yunnan and Guangdong provinces in the tropical regions of southern China, adapting rubber plantations to global sustainable development remains a challenge. Particularly within rubber plantations, sustainability and efficiency in production and managements often suffer due to soil degradation resulting from monoculture land use and poor management practices. Rubber based agroforestry systems offer a sustainable approach to mimic natural ecosystem. This study aims to explore the patterns, distribution, yields and potential benefits of rubber agroforestry system. The results show that there were 15 types of rubber agroforestry patterns, including Rubber–Banana, Rubber–Pineapple, Rubber–Cassava, Rubber–Passionfruit, Rubber–Flower plants, Rubber–Ficus hirta, Rubber–Corn, Rubber–Edible fungus, Rubber–Alpinia oxyphylla, Rubber–coffee, Rubber–Phrynium hainanense, Rubber–Amomum villosum, Rubber–Amorphophallus, Rubber–Tea, Rubber–Pandanus amaryllifolius. These patterns are distributed across 17 counties in Hainan Province and 10 counties in Yunnan Province. The total area of rubber based agroforestry exceeds 79,520 ha, comprising 35,998 ha of young rubber agroforestry systems and 43,522 ha of mature ones. The total annual output value benefit of rubber agroforestry systems surpasses 834 million US dollars. Young agroforestry systems yield an annual output value of 269 million US dollars, while mature agroforestry systems contribute 110 billion US dollars from dry rubber and 455 million US dollars from integrative crops. Yunnan Province's economic output value for rubber agroforestry systems exceeds that of Hainan Province due to higher output values of passionfruit from young rubber plantations and Amorphophallus from mature ones. These results indicate the widespread acceptance of rubber agroforestry systems in China's rubber planting practices and their significant potential for output benefits. As environmentally friendly and sustainable production patterns, rubber agroforestry systems have the potential to enhance the sustainable livelihood capacity of smallholders and contribute to poverty alleviation efforts in China and globally. These findings enrich agroforestry systems science and provide valuable insights for optimizing industrial policies and technology transfer.

An Overview of Circular Economy Management Approach for Sustainable Construction and Demolish Waste Management

<p>The construction industry has been identified as a major contributor to environmental degradation, particularly through the generation of waste. Unsustainable production and consumption patterns in the construction industry have resulted in high amounts of waste, which is often disposed of in landfills. To address this challenge, a circular economy management approach has been proposed to achieve sustainable construction and demolition waste management. This review provides an overview of the circular economy management approach for sustainable management of construction and demolition waste. The circular economy management approach emphasizes the need to reduce waste generation and promote the reuse and recycling of materials. This approach also advocates the use of sustainable materials and the implementation of effective waste management practices throughout construction and demolition. The circular economy management approach to sustainable management of construction and demolition waste includes several key strategies, including adopting sustainable design and construction approaches, promoting reuse and recycling of materials as well as developing effective waste management systems. These strategies require the cooperation and involvement of all stakeholders in the construction and demolition process, including architects, contractors, developers, and waste management companies. The circular economy management approach offers a promising framework for achieving the goals of destructive waste management and sustainable construction. By promoting sustainable patterns of production and consumption, this approach can help reduce the environmental impact of the construction industry while generating economic benefits for stakeholders. However, successful implementation of this approach requires strong regulatory support and the willingness of all stakeholders to adopt sustainable practices.</p>

Tendencies in the development of terminology: green economy and sustainable financing (based on English and Russian)

In Russia, the development of the green finance system with regard to a set of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors is still noticeably lagging behind, which explains the need for outreach activities that include a vocabulary (terminological) component. The aim of this research is to study linguistic trends and features of the usage of environmental vocabulary (terminology) in the increasingly important area of sustainable development and the green financing in the period from 2021 to 2023. The relevance of this research is due to rapid climate change that puts humanity on the brink of survival. Therefore, it is necessary to unite international efforts for the early introduction of scientific and technical achievements. This implies the emergence of new concepts and terms. The paper presents new concepts that emerged in 2021-2023 and materials that have not been previously subjected to linguistic analysis. The idea is to identify the presence of terms selected from English and Russian research materials in the UN terminology database UNTERM and to determine the frequency of their use in English and Russian user corpora via Sketch Engine. Research results demonstrate that in the abovementioned period, the emergence of terminology related to crisis phenomena, such as global warming, loss of biodiversity and land degradation, can be effectively traced. Achieving the sustainable development goals is associated with early and urgent measures to reduce emissions, preserve nature and introduce sustainable patterns of production and consumption with the help of economic and financial levers. A perspective tool for further research in this field could be the application of open neural networks that enable processing of large text arrays.

Agency in green path development: Circular bioeconomy in the wastewater sector

ABSTRACT The mounting pressures of climate change and biodiversity loss require a transition towards more sustainable patterns of production and consumption. Within the bioeconomy, better utilization of natural resources can be achieved by pursuing a circular bioeconomy. In the article the authors study how circular bioeconomy efforts in the Hamar region, Norway, have resulted in green path development. They draw on the trinity of change agency conceptualization to deepen our understanding of how agency over time has resulted in green path upgrading in the region. Through a qualitative study, they provide novel insights into the agency of an inter-municipal water and wastewater company in green path development processes. The authors conclude that a combination of different forms of agency, exercised by different actors, has resulted in what they regard as emerging green path development within the region.

SKILL MANAGEMENT IMPACT IN INDIAN MSMES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION PATTERNS IN THE CONTEXT OF CSR PRACTICES

Upskilling is a prevailing trend in the workplace that provides employees with updated and advanced training programs and opportunities to enhance their skills and bridge skill gaps. Sustainable consumption and production patterns and green CSR practices are pervasive in Indian MSMEs to become a greener economy. The consumer demand for sustainable products is visible across the globe, creating opportunities for Indian MSMEs in the international marketplace. In light of this fact, the present research article aims to analyze the current gap in past studies concerning MSMEs by investigating the correlation between sustainability practices, specifically with respect to sustainable consumption and production patterns, green CSR initiatives, and the performance of MSMEs. This study aims to examine various viewpoints on MSMEs' sustainable business practices, which are a) how sustainable consumption impacts the efficiency of MSMEs, b) the influence of sustainable production patterns on MSMEs' performance, and c) the impact on the efficiency of MSMEs' operations as a result of CSR activities.A self-structured questionnaire has been sent to the MSMEs' owners, managers, directors, and administrative officers through email to conduct the research work. In addition, a structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to sample 130 Indian MSMEs. The study's main findings are that the sustainable consumption and production patterns of skill-based CSR practices impact the efficiency of MSMEs in India. It has also been discovered that their sustainable practices are generating global market opportunities. This study has important implications for MSME owners and policymakers because applying sustainable consumption and production patterns and implementing skill-based CSR practices as sustainable strategies will create a greener economy and positively impact the performance of MSMEs.

Deep eutectic solvents applications aligned to 2030 United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development

Sustainable living means understanding how lifestyle choices impact the world and how the livelihoods of current and future generations can be sustained. If the current production and processing patterns are switched to sustainable ones, this will contribute to diminishing adverse effects such as pollution and climate change. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are biodegradable, biocompatible, low cost and tunable green solvents extensively analyzed in different areas to replace traditional harsh organic solvents. DESs are rapidly emerging in numerous applications owing to their green character and physicochemical properties, leading to their used, not only as solvent systems, but as catalysts, adsorbent agents, electrolytes or nanocarriers for the encapsulation of anticancer drugs, and in very diverse areas. Therefore, DESs can contribute to developing sustainable processes from different points of view. This review presents the main applications of DESs aligned to the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, specifically to those related to energy efficiency improvement, sustainable production patterns and action to combat climate change. Giving an overview about the implementation of DESs for process intensification and sustainable production, and in some cases how authors reconfigured processes using DESs to obtain cost effective, less labor-intensive, ecofriendly, safe, and highly effective approaches.

Determining Factors in the Purchase Intention of Sustainable Clothing: An Empirical Study in the Brazilian Fashion Industry

Sustainability is a widely discussed factor in the industry. The fashion industry is one of the most concerned industries due to its impact on environmental degradation. Although there are many sustainable production patterns, there is a need to understand consumer behavior as the main ally for more sustainable consumption. In the fashion industry, sustainable consumption can be represented by purchasing second-hand clothes. However, many people have a negative attitude towards second-hand clothes. Therefore, this study aims to determine the main barriers to buying second-hand clothes. The research is explanatory and uses a quantitative approach through structural equations, analysing the perceptions of 196 individuals. The main results indicate that the main barriers were prejudice against second-hand clothes and socio-environmental awareness. The intention to buy second-hand clothes was explained by 49.7%. The study concludes that, despite the challenges, there is significant potential to increase sustainable fashion consumption through greater education and promotion of the environmental and exclusivity benefits of wearing second-hand clothes.

Does the digital economy drive low-carbon urban development? The role of transition to sustainability

The rapid expansion and implementation of digital technologies are profoundly changing our lifestyles, production methods, and modes of exchange. However, whether or not such change can help promote the sustainability of urban socio-environmental systems has not been fully investigated. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive framework that utilizes the spatial Durbin model to investigate whether and how the digital economy contributes to low-carbon urban development, using the panel data of 276 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2018. This framework systematically identifies triple dimensions of low-carbon transition taking place throughout the whole value chain system, i.e. green innovation, production reshaping, and consumption upgrading. The finding reveals that the digital economy in a city exerts a significant mitigating effect on carbon emissions in both local and neighboring cities. It is also observed that digital economy activities play a significant role in alleviating urban carbon emissions due to their capacity to stimulate green innovation and promote sustainable patterns of production and consumption. The robustness of these findings is assessed through the consideration of endogeneity and substitution of the explained and explanatory variables. This paper contributes to a systematic understanding of the linkage between the revolution of digitalization within economic systems and the transition towards sustainability within environmental systems. It also provides valuable insights to policymakers on strategies to promote and accelerate low-carbon development.

Potential processing technologies for utilization of millets: An updated comprehensive review

AbstractMillets are tiny grass‐seeded grains that hold major and minor nutrients and chief bioactive components. They are climate flexible and pest‐resistant grains, enhancing the crop system effectively. Millets are now gaining popularity due to their health‐promoting properties for end users. These nonacid‐forming grains are gluten‐free, stabilize blood sugar, lower cholesterol levels, inhibit human colon tumor growth, combat malnourished diseases, control overweight, and have other health‐promoting benefits. However, many food processing technologies are on hand to process millets into a broad array of value‐added products, but still, the implementation in the food processing industries is skimpy at the commercial level. There are many factors right from the farming stage, like unavailability of good quality seeds, suitable machinery, lack of technical knowledge, and the consumer's misconception of millet's sensory properties, all contribute to low demand in the market. However, considering millet's copious potentialities, the research on these grains is grasping the spotlight in the current era. Therefore, millets would greatly increase demand in the market and create boundless avenues to manufacture millet‐based foods on a commercial scale. Hence, the current article intends to comprehensively review millet processing technologies and bioprocessing approaches, including health benefits. In addition, it also highlighted the recent R & D innovations with millets and millet products in the global market, preservation constraints, and future challenges.Practical ApplicationsMillets are the neglected ancient grains of the world, although they are a treasure trove of nutrients and promote alluring health benefits. The current review analysis fosters various notions to bridge a gap between industrialist and consumers for the high‐level production and consumption of millets in various countries. The compiled information comprises deep insights into major food processing technologies for each millet and listed globally available millet‐based products. In addition, it provides the millet shelf‐life issues, which would be helpful for researchers to tackle these issues with millets in the future. The present study advises increasing the high‐value utilization of millet and millet‐based products at commercial scales. This article attracts scientists, industrialists, researchers, scholars, and budding entrepreneurs. Among all the cereals, millets are superior in the nutritional profile, sustainable production patterns, and friendlier to the farmers, planet, and consumers.

Consumer and regulatory response to climate change-new plant breeding techniques

Climate change is having a significant impact on the global grape and wine sector. We are seeing earlier and more compressed vintages, more extreme weather events, and a warming of temperatures. These are all leading to management changes in both the vineyard and the winery. Overlaying these physical changes are the mega-consumer trends that are demanding more sustainable production patterns. These trends are changing consumer attitudes to many previously held beliefs. Solutions with a trend toward a sustainable and agrochemical-free agriculture and production chain are needed. Technological advances in plant genetic engineering, coupled with the sequencing of the grapevine genome, has enabled new techniques that can rapidly be used to enhance positive characters in grape vines and wine. Changing consumer attitudes have led to a number of regulators reviewing their existing food regulations for genetically modified (GM) food. The debate around the definitions for GM food and whether these are fit for purpose since the emergence of a range of new techniques for genetic modification has the potential to dramatically change the landscape for grape and wine production internationally. In this paper we explore the current regulatory developments, consumer trends and attitudes and the implications for the grape and wine sector as we seek to cope with the demands of climate change and provide a sustainable future for the planet.

Assessing Provisions and Requirements for the Sustainable Production of Plastics: Towards Achieving SDG 12 from the Consumers’ Perspective

Plastics are used widely, and modern civilization would have to behave differently without them. However, plastics pose a threat to sustainable life. This paper focuses on some of the provisions being made for sustainable production to date and focuses on one key sector-plastic manufacturing-where sustainable production patterns are urgently needed. The paper describes the latest trends related to plastic production, its environmental impacts, and how this sector is adjusting its processes in order to meet the current and forthcoming legal requirements and consumer demands. The methodological approach of the study has focused on both a literature review on the one hand and the consumers’ perspective obtained via a survey on the other. These two approaches were then crosschecked in order to assess current trends in plastic manufacturing and to understand how consumers see these trends as being consistent with the aims of the UN Sustainable Development Goal 12. The results obtained suggest that a greater engagement of consumers is needed in supporting the efforts to manage plastic more sustainably. Based on its findings, the paper provides useful insights linked to principles and tools for sustainable plastic production and design, and it demonstrates the usefulness and urgency of a sound materials management in order to tackle plastic pollution, one of today’s major environmental problems.

Socio-economic Dimension of the Sustainable Development of Polish Provinces

The aim of this article was to conduct research and present the results of a ratio analysis assessing the implementation of the concept of sustainable development in Polish provinces. It suggests a set of indicators tracking two of the areas of sustainable development: economic and social, in two separate periods: before the 2019 pandemic and during the 2020 pandemic. In addition to determining the performance of Lubusz Province compared to other provinces, the authors’ assumption is also to identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the implementation of economic and social sustainability goals in Poland as a whole. The key issues concerning the concept of sustainable development and the state of research on sustainability indicators at a regional level are presented with the help of literature review. On the basis ratio analysis was rated economic development of 16 Polish provinces was assessed and then benchmarked to determine the position of Lubusz Province. The proposed tracking indicators included the following aspects: economic potential, innovation of the economy, sustainable production patterns, demographic changes, job market, and social integration. The obtained results answered the question concerning the socio-economic development of Polish provinces, in particular that of Lubusz Province, in the context of sustainability before and during the pandemic.
 Keywords: socio-economic development, a ratio analysis, COVID-19 pandemic.

Poland on the Path towards Sustainable Development—A Multidimensional Comparative Analysis of the Socio-Economic Development of Polish Regions

The aim of the paper is to conduct research and present the results of a taxonomic analysis assessing the 2019 and 2020 implementations of socio-economic sustainability goals in the Lubuskie Province as compared with other Polish regions. To this end, a multidimensional comparative analysis was performed to determine the level of socio-economic development of the Lubuskie Province and then benchmark it against other regions in the context of sustainable development. The research was based on independent indicators developed with the use of linear ordering methods and accounting for aspects of socio-economic development such as the economic potential, innovation of the economy, sustainable production patterns, demographic changes, job market, and social integration. Synthetic measures were developed with the use of the proposed partial indicators (independent variables), which, according to the authors, best illustrate the socio-economic development and sustainability at the regional level. The regions were then grouped by level of economic development, and the groupings were assessed for their performance. The research shows that in 2020, compared to 2019, the overall level of economic development deteriorated in all Polish regions, but the pandemic has so far had significantly less impact on the social area.

The Role of Biostimulants as Alleviators of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Grapevine: A Review.

The viticulture and wine industry contribute to the economy and reputation of many countries all over the world. With the predicted climate change, a negative impact on grapevine physiology, growth, production, and quality of berries is expected. On the other hand, the impact of these changes in phytopathogenic fungi development, survival rates, and host susceptibility is unpredictable. Grapevine fungal diseases control has been a great challenge to winegrowers worldwide. The use of chemicals in viticulture is high, which can result in the development of pathogen resistance, increasingly raising concerns regarding residues in wine and effects on human and environmental health. Promoting sustainable patterns of production is one of the overarching objectives and essential requirements for sustainable development. Alternative holistic approaches, such as those making use of biostimulants, are emerging in order to reduce the consequences of biotic and abiotic stresses in the grapevine, namely preventing grape fungal diseases, improving grapevine resistance to water stress, and increasing yield and berry quality.

Occupational exposure to hazards and volatile organic compounds in small-scale plastic recycling plants in Thailand by integrating risk and life cycle assessment concepts

Plastic waste recycling is gaining momentum as a means to promote a sustainable measure and circular economy. Most developing countries are facing significant challenges associated with recycling practices. In Thailand, 90% of the plastic recycling businesses are categorized as small-scale enterprises. There is still a dearth of research on health risk assessments associated with indoor exposure in small-scale waste recycling. This research aims to apply a holistic approach of integrated health risk and life cycle assessment concepts in investigating occupational exposure to all potential hazards in small-scale polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) recycling plants in Thailand. The results indicated that all exposure levels of heat stress in wet bulb globe temperature in the melting/extrusion stage exceeded the Thai and global Occupational safety and health (OSH) threshold limits for workers with heavy workloads. For workers’ exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the average total VOCs concentrations emitted from PP and PE recycling were 1625 μg/m3 and 1190 μg/m3, respectively. Hexane and toluene were remarkably found in the extrusion process. The non-cancer hazard quotients (HQs) and hazard indices (HIs) were higher in PP than in PE. The adverse non-cancer risks were concerned in plants that recycle only PP wastes at full capacity (100%) loaded operation (HQs and HIs >1). Recycling facility concentrating more on PE recycling tends to reduce risk to workers. By integrating the revised one box model into the life cycle impact assessment, the results demonstrate that the health impact from indoor VOCs exposure due to the production of 1 kg of recycled PP or PE resin was significantly greatest. Workers in the extrusion process were considered at higher risk of exposure to VOCs and heat. This research makes important contributions to the literature by providing insights into environmental health management and implications for cleaner production in plastic waste recycling. The promotion of effective engineering controls and development of collaborative circular business models in plastic waste recycling sector were highly recommended to increase resource efficiency and promote sustainable production patterns.

Environmental benefits of pet food obtained as a result of the valorisation of meat fraction derived from packaged food waste

The 2030 Agenda of the United Nations includes the objective of setting up sustainable production patterns by pursuing several Sustainable Development Goals. Among them, the “Responsible production and consumption” is a key topic in the food production and is strictly connected with the “Climate action”; the crucial point, however, is how to jointly act on all these aspects and apply them in practice.The waste yearly produced in the food chain represent both an ethical, economic and environmental issue. In particular, as far as the recovery of packaged food waste from retailers is concerned, the valorisation of the wasted meat is an extremely relevant issue. Pet food industries could be interested in valorising this waste fraction to replace meat coming from slaughters in their product recipes.This article evaluates the environmental impact of valorising meat fraction from packaged food waste to produce two different recipes of high quality pet food, called Natura and Pâté. A life cycle assessment of the current scenario (traditional pet food production and landfilling of packaged food waste) and of a new one (pet food production using meat fraction from packaged food waste) is carried out applying the ReCiPe 2016 method of impact assessment. Real data have been taken from retailers and pet food manufacturer.The production of pet food using the meat fraction from packaged food waste generates on average lower environmental impacts if compared to the traditional process, in terms of GWP (-56.40%), water consumption (–22.62%), land use (-87.50%) and fossil resource scarcity (-21.78%). Benefits are interesting even if considering the production of Pâté (-14.66%), for which the traditional production process makes use of some slaughter by-products. The proposed industrial process is demonstrated to be sustainable from an environmental point of view and appears to be in line with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2, 12 and 13.

Upgrading wineries to biorefineries within a Circular Economy perspective: An Italian case study

In the challenge of transforming waste into useful products that can be re-used in a circular perspective, Italian wine industry can represent a suitable model for the application of the bioeconomy principles, including the valorisation of the agricultural and food waste. In the present study, a comprehensive environmental assessment of the traditional production of wine was performed and the potentiality of a biorefinery system, based on winery waste and aimed at recovering useful bio-based products, such as grapeseed oil and calcium tartrate, was examined through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The wine company “I Borboni”, producing Asprinio wine in the Campania Region (Italy), was proposed as a case study. The hotspots of the linear production system were identified and the bottling phase, in particular the production of packaging glass, resulted to contribute to the generation of impacts at 63%, on average, versus 14.3% of the agricultural phase and 22.7% of the vinification phase. The LCA results indicated human carcinogenic toxicity, freshwater eutrophication and fossil resource scarcity impact categories as the most affected ones, with normalized impacts amounting to 9.22E−03, 3.89E−04 and 2.64E−04, respectively. Two side production chains (grapeseed oil and tartrate production) were included and circular patterns were designed and introduced in the traditional production chain with the aim of valorising the winery residues and improving the overall environmental performance. By implementing the circular approach, environmental impacts in the global warming, freshwater eutrophication and mineral resource scarcity impact categories, in particular, resulted three times lower than in the linear system. The results achieved demonstrated that closing the loops in the wine industry, through the reuse of bio-based residues alternatively to fossil-based inputs within the production process, and integrating the traditional production system with new side production chains led to an upgrade of the wineries to biorefineries, towards more sustainable production patterns.

Perceived firm ethicality and brand loyalty: the mediating role of corporate social responsibility and perceived green marketing

PurposeThis study aims to establish the link between business ethics and brand loyalty and to investigate the mediating role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as green marketing.Design/methodology/approachUsing the purposive sampling technique, data were obtained from 622 middle-income city dwellers who shop at leading retail malls. Data were analyzed with partial least square–structural equation model.FindingsThe study found a positive and significant relationship between business ethics, CSR, green marketing and business loyalty. Both CSR and green marketing mediate between perceived firm ethicality and brand loyalty.Research limitations/implicationsThis research was done based on general knowledge of business ethics, CSR and green marketing from the consumers’ perspective. Future studies can avoid this limitation.Practical implicationsBy ensuring ethical codes, CSR and green marketing, firms can contribute to promoting the SDGs, and at the same time, achieving customer loyalty. Brand loyalty is further enhanced if customers see a firm to be practicing CSR.Social implicationsThe SDGs of sustainable production patterns, climate change and its impacts, and sustainably using water resources must become the focus of companies as they ultimately yield loyalty. Policymakers and society can design a policy to facilitate adoption of better ethical behavior and green marketing by firms as a way of promoting SDGs.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to test the mediation effect of green marketing and CSR on how ethical behavior leads to brand loyalty. It is also one of the few papers to examine how SDGs can be promoted by businesses as stakeholders.

Product-service systems towards eco-effective production patterns: A Lean-Green design approach from a literature review

Increased competition, new consumption paradigms, and concern for the environment are motivating organisations to include services in their offerings, and orient their strategies to develop Product-Service Systems (PSS) that will bring value to consumers. However, to design new eco-efficient PSS, additional knowledge needs to be considered to streamline the design and to make it more effective. Lean-Green approaches embrace value and efficiency in PSS solutions, correlated to the sustainable characteristics of PSS. This paper aims to identify lean and green strategies to design eco-efficient PSS from a literature review. Using content analysis, Lean-Green strategies to add value in PSS design were grouped according to their eco-efficient potential. A graphical representation was proposed to synthesise the research findings. PSS allow multiple life cycles and enable strategies that consider the value flow, design for efficiency, improve longevity, and later capture value by reuse, remanufacture, and disassemble. The proposed structure shows how enterprises can begin the PSS design, systematically using Lean-Green strategies to add value by means of offering an eco-effective solution, taking advantage of sustainable production patterns that will thus enable sustainable consumption.