Sustainable Development Of Agricultural Production Research Articles

Establishment of a reverse transcription–recombinase polymerase amplification–lateral flow dipstick method for the dual detection of Israeli acute paralysis virus and chronic bee paralysis virus

IntroductionAs an important social insect, honey bees play crucial roles in agricultural production, sustainable development of agricultural production, and the balance of the natural environment. However, in recent years, Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) and chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), the main pathogens of bee paralysis, have continuously harmed bee colonies and caused certain losses to the beekeeping industry. Some beekeeping farms are located in wild or remote mountainous areas, and samples from these farms cannot be sent to the laboratory for testing in a timely manner, thereby limiting the accurate and rapid diagnosis of the disease.Methods and resultsIn this study, we used a reverse transcription–recombinase polymerase amplification–lateral flow dipstick (RT–RPA–LFD) method for the dual detection of IAPV and CBPV. RPA primers and LFD detection probes were designed separately for their conserved genes. Primers and probes were screened, and the forward and reverse primer ratios, reaction times, and temperatures were optimized. According to the results of the optimization tests, the optimal reaction temperature for RT–RPA is 37°C, and when combined with LFD, detection with the naked eye requires <20 min. The developed RPA–LFD method specifically targets IAPV and CBPV and has no cross-reactivity with other common bee viruses. In addition, the minimum detection limit of the RT–RPA–LFD method is 101 copies/μL.ConclusionBased this study, this method is suitable for the detection of clinical samples and can be used for field detection of IAPV and CBPV.

What monetary incentives are rice farmers willing to accept to stop straw burning? Evidence from a choice experiment in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Producing rice generates straw, which is often conveniently burned, causing substantial atmospheric pollution. Increasing straw utilization efficiency and reducing straw burning will improve the agricultural ecological environment and promote sustainable development of agricultural production. Little is known about farmers’ perceived costs of alternative straw management practices and what it would take for them to stop straw burning. We conduct choice experiments with 543 Vietnamese farmers in the Mekong Delta to elicit their preferences for improved straw management practices under varying monetary incentives and enabling environments of mechanization and governance. The attributes and levels used in this study include sustainable practice (i.e., incorporation of rice straw, partial removal, and complete removal), availability of machinery (i.e., low, medium, and high), governance (i.e., individual farmer, farmer organization, and local government), and monetary incentives (US$43–87/ha). Results from a mixed logit model suggest that farmers are willing to stop straw burning and adopt sustainable straw management practices in return for monetary incentives. Farmers require lower monetary incentives when machinery services for chopping and collecting rice straw are available and when rice straw management is governed collectively by farmer organizations or the local government. Policy makers can use these results to prioritize investments and design optimal policies for mitigating air pollution by diverting farmers away from straw burning towards sustainable rice straw management practices.

Technical and technological support for the involvement of fallow lands in agriculture

Sustainable development of agricultural production is a key factor in ensuring food security and growth of the country's export potential. One of the main reserves for the development of the agro-industrial complex is the involvement of fallow lands in agricultural industry, which is associated with the problem of technical and technological support for these works. The purpose of the work is to intensify the process of involving fallow lands in agriculture by developing a program of technical and technological support for this type of works, aimed at creating and accelerated implementation of a system of specialized machines. The authors systematized technologies and complexes of technical means, used in the involvement of fallow lands in crop production, depending on the stages of wild species overgrowth. For active involvement of fallow lands in agriculture, it is proposed to create a network of regional machine-technological stations equipped with modern domestic specialized equipment, providing services in removal of woody and shrubby vegetation and in initial tillage to agricultural producers in regions. The program assumes the development and organization of mass production of modern equipment for the involvement of fallow lands in agriculture, as well as implementation of a set of support measures aimed at accelerated technical equipment of machine-technological stations. Such an approach should make it possible for small and medium-sized agricultural producers to use financially affordable machinery services to involve fallow lands in agriculture, eliminating the need for its acquisition and maintenance, hiring and training of additional stuff. The implementation of the proposed program should allow agricultural producers to involve fallow lands in agricultural production with minimal costs, at the same time ensuring high growth rates of acreage and agricultural production volumes.

PROPOSING SOLUTIONS TO DEVELOP SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE USING THE T-FANP MODEL

The aim of this study is to propose priority strategies for agricultural development amidst drought in Ninh Thuan province, Vietnam. In the context of drought, the agricultural sector faces significant challenges due to the impact of both natural and socio-economic factors. In order to conduct this research and propose effective strategies, the study utilized the SWOT analysis model via the TOWS matrix, delineating 15 strategies to pinpoint the most fitting approach for the agricultural sector. The study quantified and ranked factors within the SWOT analysis and prioritized strategies using the Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP). The outcomes identified advantageous strategies for agricultural production, emphasizing the evaluation and identification of drought while focusing on market development for economically valuable agricultural products based on primary crops. The step-by-step application of these prioritized strategies aims to contribute to the sustainable development of agricultural production in Ninh Thuan province and facilitate the utilization of a multi-criteria decision-making model in resource and environmental management.

Accumulation patterns of tobacco root allelopathicals across different cropping durations and their correlation with continuous cropping challenges.

Continuous cropping challenges have gradually emerged as pivotal factors limiting the sustainable development of agricultural production. Allelopathicals are considered to be the primary obstacles. However, there is limited information on allelopathic accumulation across various continuous cropping years and its correlation with the associated challenges. Tobacco was subjected to varying planting durations: 1 year (CR), 5years (CC5), 10 years (CC10), and 15 years (CC15). Our findings unveiled discernible disparities in tobacco growth patterns across diverse continuous cropping periods. Notably, the most pronounced challenges were observed in the CC5 category, characterized by yield reduction, tobacco black shank outbreaks, and a decline in beneficial flora. Conversely, CC15 exhibited a substantial reduction in challenges as the continuous cropping persisted with no significant differences when compared to CR. Within the tobacco rhizosphere, we identified 14 distinct allelopathic compounds, with 10 of these compounds displaying noteworthy variations among the four treatments. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that eight allelopathic compounds exhibited autotoxic effects on tobacco growth, with MA, heptadecanoic acid, and VA ranking as the most potent inhibitors. Interaction network highlighted the pivotal roles of VA and EA in promoting pathogen proliferation and impeding the enrichment of 13 beneficial bacterial genera. Furthermore, a structural equation model elucidated that MA and EA primarily exert direct toxic effects on tobacco, whereas VA fosters pathogen proliferation, inhibits the enrichment of beneficial bacteria, and synergistically exacerbates the challenges associated with continuous cropping alongside EA. These findings suggested discernible disparities in tobacco growth patterns across the various continuous cropping periods. The most pronounced challenges were observed in CC5, whereas CC15 exhibited a substantial reduction in challenges as continuous cropping persisted. VA may play a pivotal role in this phenomenon by interacting with pathogens, beneficial bacterial genera, and EA.

ANALYSIS OF LABOR MOTIVATION TO ENSURE EFFECTIVE EMPLOYMENT OF RURAL POPULATION

Labor potential is the main driving force of modern agrarian transformations and at the same time an objective factor in the sustainable development of agricultural production. The importance of this determines the need to stabilize the economic system by increasing the employment of labor as a fundamental element of rural production potential, reducing unemployment, increasing the income level of workers and reducing their poverty, overcoming the negative consequences of demographic processes in rural areas. The paper analyzes agricultural personnel by the nature of labor motivation. It is determined that in agricultural production, the achievement of rational employment is possible only under certain conditions, in particular when each individual employee becomes the actual owner of the property, actually participates in production management, fully receives for successful work and is responsible for possible losses.

Changes in agro-climatic characteristics and their impact on crop yields in the Saratov region

The sustainable development of agricultural production in the conditions of global climate warming is largely determined by the timely provision of up-to-date agrometeorological information. To process and interpret long-term agrometeorological data with their geographical reference, it is advisable to use the tools of geographical information systems. The article presents a method of interpretation of agrometeorological information by means of geoinformation technologies. A comparative characteristic of the probability of droughts of strong and very strong intensity in separate periods of the growing season for 1971-2000 and 2001-2021 for the natural zones of the Saratov region was given. The initial material was the climatic data on the weather stations of the Saratov region. The yield data were taken from statistical collections. Geospatial analysis of long-term climatic indicators allowed us to present their spatial distribution at the regional level.

Estimation of Soil Salt Content at Different Depths Using UAV Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing Combined with Machine Learning Algorithms

Soil salinization seriously affects the sustainable development of agricultural production; thus, the timely, efficient, and accurate estimation of soil salt content (SSC) has important research significance. In this study, the feasibility of soil salt content retrieval using machine learning models was explored based on a UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) multi-spectral remote sensing platform. First, two variable screening methods (Pearson correlation analysis and Grey relational analysis) are used to screen the characteristic importance of 20 commonly used spectral indices. Then, the sensitive spectral variables were divided into a vegetation index group, a salt index group, and a combination variable group, which represent the model. To estimate SSC information for soil depths of 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm, three machine learning regression models were constructed: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN). Finally, the salt distribution map for a 0–20 cm soil depth was drawn based on the best estimation model. The results of experiments show that GRA is better than PCA in improving the accuracy of the estimation model, and the combination variable group containing soil moisture information performs best. The three machine learning models have achieved good prediction effects to some extent. The accuracy and stability of the model are considered comprehensively, the prediction effect of 0–20 cm is higher than that of 20–40 cm, and the validation set coefficient of determination (R2), Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of the best inversion model are 0.775, 0.055, and 0.038, and the soil salt spatial map based on the optimal estimation model can reflect the salinization distribution in the study area. Therefore, this study shows that a UAV multi-spectral remote sensing platform combined with machine learning models can better monitor farmland soil salt content.

Mapping gully affected areas by using Sentinel 2 imagery and digital elevation model based on the Google Earth Engine

Gullies pose a great threat to the sustainable development of agricultural production and the ecological environment. Accurate mapping of gully affected areas plays an important role in regional environmental monitoring and management. In this paper, an object-based image analysis method based on the Google Earth Engine (OBIA-GEE) is proposed for mapping gully affected areas by using Sentinel 2 imagery and AW3D30 DEM data. The method utilizes the simple non-iterative clustering (SNIC) algorithm to segment the top-five principal component images derived from Sentinel-2 surface reflectance images. Then, the random forest (RF) algorithm is used for feature importance analysis and gully affected area mapping. Finally, the gully affected area mapping results are further optimized by establishing terrain skeleton lines. The proposed method is applied to five study areas with different landform types on the Chinese Loess Plateau, and the results show that the method achieves good performance in mapping gully affected areas, with an overall accuracy (OA) of 86.44%, an F score (F1) of 0.84, a user’s accuracy (UA) of 84.97%, and a producer’s accuracy (PA) of 83.90%. Compared with the OA of the results of a previous study (OA was 78.8%), the accuracy of the gully affected area mapping results herein improved by 7.64%. The RF feature importance results and findings of different feature combination cases demonstrate that textural information, time series spectral information, and topographic factors are important for mapping gully affected areas. Object-based and pixel-based classification results are compared, and the performance of the OBIA-GEE method is better than that of the pixel-based RF method. In addition, the OBIA-GEE method is highly efficient, which provides the possibility of applying the proposed method in large-scale studies. This research is beneficial to studies related to monitoring gullies and managing soil erosion.

Direct budget subsidizing as a factor of sustainable development of agricultural production in the Republic of Belarus

Currently, most of the world’s countries are pursuing an active agrarian policy in order to support national agricultural producers. At the same time, the ongoing changes in the global and domestic food markets, due to rising prices, reduction in the product range, and social tension in society require optimization of costs of the country’s budgets and development of proposals for the most effective measures. The paper presents an analysis of methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of direct budget support for agricultural production used in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Taking into account the identified advantages and disadvantages of applying these approaches in practice in the Republic of Belarus, as well as using the experience of the EAEU member states, methodological approaches have been developed to assess the efficiency of state support measures aimed at subsidizing of: 1) compensation for the cost of production resources; 2) price support; 3) losses of banks related to issuing preferential loans to rural producers; 4) stimulating the volume of output and the efficiency of related types of economic activity by increasing the amount of resources produced by the agriculture. Based on the presented developments, the most rational level of production costs was determined, when each additional ruble (as well as according to types) invested in the production allows to get the maximum increase in performance indicators. In addition, a positive effect of stimulating the growth of agricultural production on the performance of manufacturing (food) industry entities has been determined. These developments can be used to justify the sources and volumes of financing the priority areas for development of agriculture in the Republic of Belarus in the mid- and long-term outlook.

Ecological Land Consolidation Under the Background of Rural Revitalization Research

The influence of unreasonable land consolidation on the ecology and landscape of rural land is a long-term process, which is almost irreversible. Therefore, the study of ecological land consolidation and agricultural landscape design is of great theoretical and practical significance for balancing the relationship among sustainable land use, sustainable development of agricultural production and ecological protection, improving rural environment and increasing ecological function value.

Agrobiological principles of environmental protection and efficient use of drained organic soils under climate change

Goal. To determine the optimal parameters of the combination of reclamation, agricultural, and nature protection solutions to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural production in the humid zone on drained soils. To develop measures aimed at reduction of the degradation of organic soils and improvement of their fertility based on the sound environmental protection system of agriculture and energy-saving technologies for growing crops in conditions of global climate change. Methods. Field with a complex of the biometric, agrochemical, and laboratory research, mathematical and statistical. Results. On old arable well-mineralized carbonate drained organic soils, the creation of nature-preserving agro-landscapes with a yield of 9–10 t/ha of feed units of high-quality fodder from perennial grass mixtures; 8.4–8.7 t/ha of corn grain and more than 4 t/ha of winter rye and triticale grain will ensure the introduction of 8-field crop rotations with 5–6 fields of perennial grass mixtures and 2–3 annual crops with the application of mineral fertilizers at the rate of P40–45 K120–130 kg of acting substance under annual crops and with the addition of N45 under perennial grasses, which helps reduce the mineralization of organic matter and accumulation of mobile nitrogen compounds under crops of perennial grass mixtures. In addition, nutrients are more intensively leached into groundwater by growing annual crops compared to perennial grasses, which is an important conservation measure when creating crop rotations. Conclusions. Such crop rotations and fertilizers provide a reduction in the accumulation of nitrate compounds in the 0–30 cm soil layer by 2–3 times, which is evidenced by a significant decrease in peat mineralization and its leaching into soil and river waters.

Analysis of the region’s food supply

The article presents an analysis of the procurement and consumption of feed in the livestock industries of the Orenburg region for 2009–2018 and assesses the state of the fodder base of regional agricultural production, the main factors aff ecting the productivity of cattle and pigs due to the imbalance in the nutritional and energy value of feed. The trends in the development of feed production are systematized and measures are proposed to improve the state of feed production, ensuring sustainable development of agricultural production in the region. Based on the analysis of the state of feed production and the provision of animal husbandry industries with feed, the factors of dependence of animal productivity on the level of feeding and feed quality are scientifically substantiated; for the effective development of feed production, which affects the productivity and efficiency of production in animal husbandry, it is necessary to change the structure of crops and the eff ective use of natural hayfi elds and pastures; the identifi ed trends in feed production allowed us to substantiate and propose a set of priority measures for improving and improving the feed base, increasing the production and technical potential of feed production in the region.

Understanding the cadmium passivation and nitrogen mineralization of aminated lignin in soil

Aminated lignin (AL) was prepared and first applied to remediation of cadmium (Cd) pollution in soil. Meanwhile, the nitrogen mineralization characteristics of AL in soil and its effect on soil physicochemical properties were elucidated by soil incubation experiment. The results showed that the Cd availability was dramatically lowered in soil by adding the AL. The DTPA-extractable Cd content of AL treatments was considerably reduced by 40.7–71.4 %. The soil pH (5.77–7.01) and absolute value of zeta potential (30.7–34.7 mV) enhanced simultaneously as the AL additions increased. The content of soil organic matter (SOM) (99.0–264.0 %) and total nitrogen (95.9–301.3 %) were gradually enhanced due to high C (63.31 %) and N (9.69 %) content in AL. Moreover, AL significantly elevated the content of mineral nitrogen (77.2–142.4 %) and available nitrogen (95.5–301.7 %). The first-order kinetic equation of soil nitrogen mineralization revealed that AL greatly enhanced nitrogen mineralization potential (84.7–143.9 %) and reduced environmental pollution by lowering the loss of soil inorganic nitrogen. AL could effectively reduce the availability of Cd through direct (self-adsorption) and indirect effects (improvement of soil pH, SOM and reduction of soil zeta potential), thereby achieving passivation of Cd in soil. In short, this work will develop a novel approach and technical support for soil heavy metal remediation, which is of great significance for improving the sustainable development of agricultural production.

Problems of sustainable development of agricultural production

The article describes the economic aspects of ensuring the sustainable development of agricultural production in modern conditions based on the rational use of production factors: land, labor and capital in agriculture.

Quantitative Study on Agricultural Premium Rate and Its Distribution in China

In recent years, with the deepening of the reform of rural economic systems, the demand for disaster risk governance in land production and management is increasing, and it is urgent for the state to develop agricultural insurance to improve land production recovery capacity and ensure national food security. The study develops a quantitative model to determine the agricultural premium rate for each county in China based on disaster risk level in order to refine agricultural insurance. The results show that: (a) in terms of the disaster situation, most of northeast and central China, part of southwest, north, and northwest China are seriously affected; (b) regarding the integrated natural disaster risk level, there are 129 counties with extremely high disaster risk in China; (c) as for agricultural premium rates based on the integrated natural disaster risk index, some counties in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jilin, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Hubei, and Hunan Province had extremely high rates, out of a total of 63 counties. The above results reveal regional differences in disaster risk levels and premium rates between counties, providing a reference for improving the accuracy of agricultural premium rates. This contributes to the creation of security for further improving land production capacity and promoting the intensification and sustainable development of agricultural production.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKETING STRATEGY OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ENTERPRISES ON THE GRAIN MARKETS OF UKRAINE AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKETING STRATEGY OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ENTERPRISES ON THE GRAIN MARKETS OF UKRAINE AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Integrated management of water and land resources of the Kyrgyz Republic and characteristics of their use at the present stage

This article discusses topical issues of the current state of water and land resources of the republic and their integrated management. They are one of the main natural resources that ensure the sustainable development of agricultural production and environmental safety in general. At the same time, they have their own characteristics in organizing the rational use and protection of resources. The main feature is that land and water function as single interdependent means of production in the agricultural production process in the foothill and highland relief of Kyrgyzstan. In this regard, the considered issues require a more detailed study and a scientific approach. The country is in dire need of modernization of land and water management. It is necessary to change toward culture and philosophy of attitude to land, to strengthen local land management institutions, complete the formation of the land market, and to treat water resources with care and rationality.

Оценка обменно-распределительных отношений на основе межотраслевых сравнений в АПК

The state provides domestic agricultural producers with support aimed at creating favorable conditions for their functioning, sustainable development of agricultural production, ensuring food security and improving the supply of food to the population, and the food industry with raw materials. With the transition to a new technological order and an orientation towards an innovative development path, this requires huge investments. It should also be taken into account that during the years of reforms, incomes were withdrawn from agriculture through price disparity. It is necessary to create a mechanism of financial support for the modernization of agriculture on the basis of strategic planning, which will ensure sufficient profitability of agricultural producers and restrain intersectoral disparity and rising prices for resources for the agricultural sector of the economy. This is confirmed in the article by calculations using deflator coefficients, which are used by the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia for budget planning and the formation of federal, regional and sectoral strategic planning documents.

QUALITY AND TECHNOLOGICAL SUITABILITY OF MEAT FROM POLISH NATIVE BREEDS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TRADITIONAL PORK PRODUCTS

Background. Organic production is identified with high quality of raw materials, health-promoting properties, and earlier – with animal welfare and sustainable development of agricultural production. Hence, the use of raw materials obtained from animals of native breeds is popular, which is associated with cultural heritage and support for local farms, especially for cattle producers. The production of salami type sausage, dry-cured bacon, dry-cured or cooked gammon, roasted ham in buckwheat or roulade of piglet, traditionally manufactured from regional meat, is also important for local authorities in promoting the region. Hence, it is important to highlight the qualities of available animal raw materials originating from domestic breeds. Results and conclusions. The meat and fat of native pig breeds ‘Puławska’ (Pw), ‘Złotnicka White’ (ZW) and ‘Złotnicka Spotted’ (ZS) are characterized by a different technological quality and unique con sumption value. A chemical composition affects the functional characteristics ‒ the water, protein and fat content has an impact on the texture profile, organoleptic quality and safety. TheZS and Pw meat hasgrea ter fatness compared to the ZW meat, while the ZW meat has a higher palmitic and oleopalmitic acid content. The Pw and ZS meat differs in fatty acids proportions (DA, LA, SA, AA, CLA). The pH24 and water retention of the Pw, ZW and ZS meat indicate resistance to DFD and PSE defects. The meat of Polish native breeds is suitable for the production of traditional meat products (Pw, ZW, ZS), cooked hams and sirloins (ZW, ZS), as well as dried, smoked and non-smoked sausages (ZS). The aim of this study was to describe the selected properties of the meat of three Polish native breeds of pigs (PW, ZW, ZS) that determine its quality and technological suitability for the production of pork products using traditional methods.