Level Of Sustainable Development Research Articles

Влияние бюджетной обеспеченности муниципальных районов на устойчивость развития АПК Кемеровской области – Кузбасса

The article proposes and implements the quantitative assessment method for measuring the connection between sustainability of the agro-industrial complex development and the municipal districts’ budgetary provision in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass. The goal is to determine the level of budget indicators impact on the sustainability of the agro-industrial complex development. The budget indicators are mathematically compared with the indicators of 4 fundamental components of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex. The method is intended for researchers solving the problems of regulating socio-economic development at the local level and at the level of the Federation subject; for authorities of the Russian Federation subjects and municipal authorities for making managerial decisions. The results can serve as a foundation for assessing the level of the agro-industrial complex sustainable development in the municipal districts of the region.

Can the digital economy promote urban green economic efficiency? Evidence from 273 cities in China

The development of the digital economy has changed human lifestyles and production and provided a new approach to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As an important indicator reflecting both economic growth and ecological protection, the green economic efficiency (GEE) indicator is employed to express the level of sustainable development. By building an indicator system, introducing carbon dioxide emissions as an unexpected output and using a super-efficient slack-based measure (SBM) model, the the GEE of 273 cities in China are calculated. The development level of digital economy is calculated through principal component analysis (PCA). Unlike previous provincial-level studies, this study focuses on analyzing at the urban level. This study then uses a fixed effect model to analyze the effect of the digital economy on urban GEE. Based on various aspects, the transmission mechanisms of the digital economy on GEE have also been deeply analyzed. The results indicate that the digital economy has a positive effect on GEE. This conclusion is validated by endogeneity analysis and other robustness tests. The digital economy has a positive influence on urban GEE in Eastern, Central and Northeastern China. In large cities, medium-sized cities and cities with stricter governmental environmental regulations, the effect of the digital economy on GEE is more prominent. The mechanism analysis indicates that the digital economy mainly promotes urban GEE through the technological innovation effect, industrial structure optimization, energy structure transformation and market-oriented development. This study clarifies the role of the digital economy in advancing GEE and provides a reference to promote ecological development in developing countries.

Enhancing Sustainable Organization Performance: Investigating the Mediating Influence of Innovative Work Behavior and its Associated Factors

Purpose–In 2022, the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese government set improving the efficiency of the national innovation system as the primary goal and high-quality development as the primary task of building the country. To become a country based on science and technology and innovation and adhere to the path of sustainable development, innovative talents are needed to master the formation of science and technology and transform the results of innovation. The problem is that innovative human resources play a central role. Without talents with innovative work behaviors, it will be difficult to achieve the country's grand vision. Many scholars and business managers have clearly pointed out that innovative talents play a core and key role, whether in a country or an organization. Stimulating and promoting innovative work behaviors is the key for all enterprises and organizations to maintain competitive advantages. It is also the need for our country to implement and adhere to the sustainable development path under the many uncertain environmental challenges today. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the factors that influence innovative work behavior and the impact of innovative work behavior on the sustainable performance of enterprises and organizations. The goal of this article is to explore this issue in depth. Design/methodology/approach–This study adopts quantitative research method. Data was collected by the questionnaire Star questionnaire collection software by issuing questionnaire links and questionnaire two-dimensional code. Structural equation modeling technique was adopted, and SMART-PLS software was used for data analysis. The findings–It indicate that employee satisfaction and work-life balance have a positive impact on innovative work behavior, respectively. Innovative work behavior has a positive influence on the organizations performance in terms of sustainability. Study limitations/implications–The results suggest that employee satisfaction and work-life balance play a critical role in innovative work behavior, respectively, and innovative work behavior has a positive impact on sustainable organizational performance. Therefore, enterprises and organizations should enhance employee satisfaction and work-life satisfaction in order to promote and stimulate employees' innovative ideas and behaviors, improve the sustainable development performance of enterprises, and thus enhance competitive advantages and favorable position. This study was only conducted in developed areas such as Beijing, China, and future researchers can conduct cross-cultural studies in different countries and should use other methods to test current models. Practical significance–Improving the level of employee satisfaction and work-life balance helps to stimulate the generation of innovative work behaviors, thereby promoting the viability and sustainable development level of an organization and enterprise. This research can be extended to Chinese high-tech enterprises and innovative organizations. Only through the investment and interaction of a large number of innovative talents can technological innovation transform innovation results, improve the efficiency and level of innovation, and continuously improve the sustainable performance of enterprises and organizations. Due to the continuous improvement of my country's scientific and technological level, the demand for employees' innovative work behaviors continues to emerge. It is the need of the current era and policy for organizations and enterprises to adhere to the path of sustainable development. Originality/value–Innovative work behavior is a research issue of widespread concern in the current academic world. Domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a large number of studies to sort out the content, concepts, dimensions and impact of innovative work behavior. However, in today's fiercely competitive environment and full of uncertainty, there is a lack of empirical research and practical solutions suitable for promoting employees' innovative work behaviors. There is also a lack of research on the effects of innovative work behaviors and sustainable organizational performance. This study attempts to fill the gap in the current academic research field, design a new theoretical model, and provide constructive theoretical suggestions for enterprises and organizations to promote employees' innovative work behavior and effectively promote sustainable organizational performance.

Sustainably developing global blue carbon for climate change mitigation and economic benefits through international cooperation

Blue carbon is the carbon storage in vegetated coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, salt marshes, and seagrass. It is gaining global attention as its role in climate change mitigation and local welfare growth. However, a global assessment on the long-term spatiotemporal sustainable development status of blue carbon has not been conducted, and the relations among blue carbon ecosystems, driving forces for climate change mitigation, and socioeconomic interventions for development capacity on a global scale are still unclear. Here, we constructed a blue carbon development index (BCDI), comprising three subsystems: driving force, resource endowment, and development capacity, to assess the sustainable development level of 136 coastal countries’ blue carbon over 24 consecutive years and explore the relationship among subsystems. We further propose a cooperation model to explore the feasibility of global blue carbon cooperation and quantify benefit allocation to specific countries. The results showed an upward trend in BCDI scores with variations in regional performance over the past two decades, and we found a positive correlation between development capacity and blue carbon resource endowment. Based on the scenario simulations of global cooperation, we found that coastal countries could improve the global average BCDI score, add 2.96 Mt of annual carbon sequestration, and generate $136.34 million in 2030 under Global Deep Cooperation scenario compared with the Business-As-Usual scenario.

Digital economy: place of Ukraine in global trends of sustainable development

The research of the Ukraine’s place in global trends of sustainable development from the position of digital economy is presented. An economic essence of digital economy and its significance for Ukraine is studied. Its main components are defined. The relationship between the digitalization of the economy and the level of sustainable economic development is substantiated. Considering the fact that the development of the digital economy is characterized by a large number of indicators at the global level, the Global Connectivity Index is chosen to analyze the relationship with the SDGs achievement. The hypothesis about the dependence of SDGs achieving on the possibilities of the digital economy is confirmed with the help of mathematical modeling using correlation-regression analysis. The analysis of the relationship between Global Connectivity Index and SDGs Index is conducted. The level of influence of GCI component groups (broadband, cloud, AI, IoT) on the levels of SDGs is determined. Based on the analysis two components of the GCI index – the Internet of Things and the state of the broadband Internet, which have a significant impact on the level of SDGs achievement, are identified by the authors. It was found that two other components – the development of artificial intelligence and cloud technologies have a moderate impact on SDGs achievement. The global map of the digital technologies development level in compliance with the SDGs achievement is presented. Visualization on the map makes it possible to group countries with a high level of digitalization and achieving the SDGs on the one hand, and a high level of digitalization and relatively low indicators of sustainable development on the other hand, and vice versa. The analysis of Ukraine’s place on this world map is performed. The role of digital transformation in achieving of the defined SDGs is identified.

The place of culture in sustainable development of European countries – homogeneity or diversity of the phenomenon?

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the level of sustainable development in selected European countries – taking into account its economic, social, environmental and cultural dimensions, as well as the level of diversification of the phenomenon in the entities under analysis. The analysis assumes that culture has a positive impact on sustainable development measures. The selection of countries was based on indicators of their ethnic and cultural diversity. The time range of the analysis is 2012 and 2019, and the data source was the Eurostat database. A taxonomic method (linear ordering method) was used in the analysis of the research problem. The achievement of the aim was determined by limitations in the selection of indicators and the availability and validity of data in European statistics. Based on research to date, it can be concluded that, in the cultural aspect, the same number of countries presented a very high and high level of sustainable development (5) as those presenting a low and very low level (5). The cultural aspect has substantially greater meaning for the sustainability development of the countries characterised by high cultural diversity.Taking this aspect into account while conducting analyses makes it possible use the most valuable, endogenous characteristics of a given population for forging an effective relationship with the other elements of sustainable development.

An Econometric Analysis of the Factors Affecting Sustainable Agricultural Development in Iraq for the period (1990-2020)

Agricultural investments, agricultural capital accumulations and average per capita agricultural product are considered as important factors in raising levels of sustainable agricultural development, and it is important to quantify the relationship among these factors. The study aimed to measure the impact of some factors affecting sustainable agricultural development in Iraq. The variables used in this study are agricultural investment, accumulated agricultural capital and the average per capita agricultural product as independent variables, while sustainable agricultural development represents the dependent variable. The data for these variables are the time series covered the period from 1990 to 2020 obtained from Ministry of Planning - Central Statistical Organization (COS), Statistical Group for the years (1990-2020). The Johansen's cointegration method was used to estimate the long-run equilibrium relationship among the study variables, and the Toda-Yamamato methodology was used to test the causality. The results showed the weak levels of sustainable agricultural development in Iraq during the period (1990-2020), as it did not exceed (0.160), and the reason for this may be due to the failure of most development indicators to keep pace with the increase in population as well as the unstable political and security conditions that faced Iraq during this period. Also, there is a long-run equilibrium relationship among these variables, as an average per capita agricultural product can causes the sustainable agricultural in the long-run, which requires the Ministry of Agricultural to promote the agricultural sector and pay more attention to the agricultural product, which seems to be one of the sources of sustainable agricultural development in the long-run. The research also recommends encouraging agricultural investments and overcoming obstacles towards targeted investments to promote the agricultural sector, especially investment in agricultural land reclamation, encouraging agricultural workers to maintain their work.

Methodology for assigning ESG ratings

The article presents study results of methodologies for assigning indices and ESG rating, ESG ranking by the largest Russian rating agencies: Analytical Credit Rating Agency, National Rating Agency, Expert RA JSC, and the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs. Growth of negative impact on the environment and aggravation of social and corporate problems have been outlined as relevance reasons of the issue. Theoretical bases of three key blocks (ecology (E), society (S), corporate governance (G)) have been stated. Known rating scales for assessing the level of sustainable development of Russian enterprises have been analyzed and distinctive features found. The influence of a company’s position in the sustainable development rating on construction of long-term trusting relations of the organization with investors, counterparties, consumers, staff, mass media, and expert community, as well as public authorities has been emphasized. As a result of the research work the authors have proposed their own methodology for assigning ESG ratings that can serve as a basis for generalizing all the technologies available in the market to assess companies’ compliance with the ESG agenda.

Impacts of the Sustainable Development of Cross-Border E-Commerce Pilot Zones on Regional Economic Growth

This paper evaluates the sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones and their impact on regional economic growth. A comprehensive performance evaluation system is constructed to assess the degree of sustainable development in the first five batches of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones in China between 2011 and 2020, which reveals significant regional differences and a clear “Matthew effect”. We also quantify the specific role of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones in promoting regional economic growth; specifically, we demonstrate that the level of sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones has a significant positive impact on regional economic growth and show that these effects vary according to regional distribution, city level, and the degree of sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones. On this basis, we explore the mechanism through which these factors influence one another and identify three main channels on which to focus for further development: industrial structure upgrades, institutional innovation, and consumption upgrades. Finally, based on empirical results, we propose differentiated policy suggestions for various regions and city levels through the provision of theoretical and practical support for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones and the stable growth of regional economies.

Analytical tools for managing sustainable development in dairy cattle breeding

The article is devoted to the formation of analytical tools for managing a sustainable sector of dairy cattle breeding of agricultural companies. Offers of results of researches of volumes of production of milk. A system of indicators for the analysis and assessment of the level of sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding of agricultural companies is proposed. A key factor in the sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding has been identified — the productivity of cows, the reduction of the carbon footprint. Proposed measure to increase the milk productivity of cows. The results obtained were used to manage sustainable dairy cattle breeding, develop a food security strategy for the subjects’ farms and substantiate management decisions.

Fine-grained sustainability assessment: County sustainable development in China from 2000 to 2017

Rational assessment of the regional sustainable development level is an important prerequisite for formulating development strategies and achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Currently, little literature provides nuanced understanding for national sustainable development from the perspective of county sustainability. Such studies can provide more accurate regional heterogeneity characteristics and policy decision support. Thus, this paper applies the entropy weight method and Chinese county data from 2000 to 2017 to reassess the sustainability of Chinese counties. The results show that China's county sustainability (Sustainable Development Index, SDI) is slowly improving. County sustainability performance is poorer in ethnic minority agglomerations, poor counties, old revolutionary counties, and central and western regions, better in county-level cities and eastern regions. The decomposition results show that economic sustainability and environmental sustainability are the main supporters of SDI growth, and livelihood sustainability is in urgent need of improvement. The regional inequality of SDI in Chinese counties gradually decreases, and inter-group differences are the main contributors to regional inequality in SDI. This paper provides support for China to develop county-level sustainable development measures and practice the SDGs. The findings could be useful for policymakers.

Research on the Status and Path of Sustainable Urban Development

With the deepening development of industrialization and economic globalization, urban becomes more and more significant nowadays. However, It is incontestable that urban development leads to environmental pollution, the unreasonable use of resources, inappropriate urban spatial layout, as well as unequal livelihood, and various issues, resulting in unsustainable development. Meanwhile, urbanism is under tremendous pressure from the pandemic situation and digital transformation, which further improves the urgency and necessity of sustainable development. To be specific, the article illustrates the sustainable theories recently. It investigates apropos of the paths and strategies worldwide, particularly providing the urban carrying capacity concept, whose researches are in its infancy and lacks agreed explanations. Thus, the thesis explores the relevant analysis and summaries of experience to emphasize the significance and necessity of sustainable development. Besides, Take Shenzhen as an example. It elaborates on the distinct plans and strategies for improving the sustainable development levels of the cities implemented by the different shareholders, including the government, community, and individuals. Also, it recommends the top-down strategy to cooperate in accelerating the sustainable development process. Finally, based on the sustainable theories, the article will provide a blueprint of sustainable development from different angles, containing a Smart city, a Green habitat, a Compact city and an integrated and harmonious developing city, which further expounds on the recommendation for future sustainable development. Therefore, The thesis provides substantial investigations and analysis, which is beneficial for the government comprehensively understand sustainable development and provide recommendations for implementing relevant strategies.

A Structural Equation Model of Governing Factors Influencing the Development of Sustainable Insurance Product in the Future

Designing and proposing sustainable insurance programs to insurance companies that run their businesses in Indonesia have been one of the insurers’ approaches to creating more stable and certain industry climate. Moreover, the Indonesian Financial Services Authority or OJK encourages financial services sector actors in creating, developing sustainable product innovations, and supporting financing of production activities that can create economic growth, social justice and environmental quality improvement. We conduct survey and analyze whether insurance companies in Indonesia are interested in implementing sustainable finance in insurance industry and developing sustainable insurance products. Participants’ responses depict insurance firms’ paradigm on sustainable insurance. In this study a framework is proposed for governing factors that impact the development of sustainable insurance product in the future such as the level of knowledge, readiness, and current sustainable insurance product development. To clarify the relationships, a structural equation model is utilized to examine the framework fit with the hypothesis for the four latent variables of this study. Acceptable goodness of fit is established for validity of the measurement model. The test of validity is accepted for the structural model in this study. The SEM results conclude that an insurer’s knowledge of sustainable finance principles affects the insurance firm’s readiness to implement sustainable insurance. Subsequently, the insurer’s readiness affects its current level of sustainable insurance product development. Eventually, the insurer’s knowledge and current development in sustainable insurance products have a positive effect on the insurance firm’s willingness to develop sustainable insurance products in the future. Thus, this study provides valuable information about factors affecting the development of sustainable insurance products in the future as a key for a successful implementation of sustainable finance in Indonesian insurance industry.

Bleak prospects and targeted actions for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

At the mid-point to 2030, progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) varies significantly across countries. While the classification of countries can lay the foundation for improving policy efficiency and promoting joint action, bottom-up, SDG data-driven country classifications have largely remained unexplored. Here, we classified 166 countries based on their performances in the 17 SDGs and further used the classification to analyze SDG interactions and compare development aid distributions. The countries were classified into five groups, ranging from “lowest development with good environment” to “high development needing climate action”. None of them scored highly in all SDGs, and due to trade-offs related to environment and climate SDGs, none of them can achieve all SDGs eventually. To maximize the potential for achieving the SDGs, all countries need to undergo a sustainable transformation, and prioritizing certain SDGs, such as SDG 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure), can help countries with lower sustainable development levels achieve more with less. Furthermore, global development aid should be better aligned with country needs, particularly in areas of education, energy, environment, and water supply and sanitation. By better characterizing different countries, this study reveals the bleak prospects of achieving all SDGs and provides valuable insights into more targeted actions for national sustainable development and global collaboration.

Evaluation of sustainable development efficiency in Chinese provinces- based on closed-loop feedback three-stage dynamic network slack-based measure model

Coordination of economic, environmental, and social development is essential for sustainable development in China. A closed-loop feedback three-stage dynamic network slack-based measurement model was proposed to measure the sustainable development efficiency of 30 provinces in China during 2005–2020. The spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and coordination of sustainable development efficiency were explored using the Dagum–Gini coefficient decomposition method, Malmquist index model, and kernel density estimation method. As indicated, the overall sustainable development efficiency of China has increased with an average of 0.7140. The efficiency level of regional sustainable development displayed a "stepped-like" spatial distribution pattern, exhibiting a successive "east-central-west" decrease. The sustainable development efficiency levels of the respective stages differed notably, and the efficiency values of stages 2 and 3 were considerably lower than those of stage 1. The contribution rate of the between-region difference to the overall degree of variation was the highest, followed by the contribution rate within the region. Notably, the contribution rate of transvariation intensity reached a minimum value. During the study period, the distribution centre of sustainable development efficiency in China moved continuously to the right, the peak height increased, and the width contracted. This study provides a valuable policy reference for China’s sustainable development and ideas regarding its global response to energy and environmental issues.

Regulatory and Legal Support for the Development of Digital Infrastructure in Rural Areas as a Factor in Improving the Level of Sustainable Development and Quality of Life of the Rural Population

Widespread problems of rural development have been the subject of scientific analysis and discussions for many years. The current debate is the result of reflections on improving the effectiveness of rural development policy and the search for new approaches to their development at the local level. They are also the result of the need not only to implement the Sustainable Development Goals more effectively but also to reduce the social and economic inequality between the village and the city, which is possible through the development of the digital infrastructure of rural areas. The purpose of the article is to identify priority areas and institutional and legal barriers to the development of digital infrastructure, the tools necessary to overcome them, and regulatory and legal support for the development of digital infrastructure in rural areas. The article identifies the advantages of digital infrastructure for the socio-economic development of rural areas, the priority level of the introduction of digital infrastructure and technologies for various sectors in the life of the rural population, institutional and legal barriers to the development of digital infrastructure of rural areas, as well as tools of regulatory support for the development of digital infrastructure of rural areas. It is concluded that the creation of the necessary regulatory framework that would stimulate the formation of digital infrastructure while protecting the interests of rural residents is the most significant of the problems of rural areas.

MODELING AND EVALUATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES: INNOVATIVE AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS

The main purpose of the article is to form a conceptual model of organizational and economic support and to assess the sustainable development of transport enterprises. It is scientifically substantiated and proven that the formation of the sustainable development of the enterprise depends on the identification and systematization of factors that affect it, the development of a dynamic model and its evaluation. A system of organizational and economic support for the sustainable development of the enterprise is proposed, which is presented taking into account the main components, such as: economic, socio-legal, ecological and innovative, which contribute to the efficiency of the enterprise's functioning, increasing its profitability, thereby ensuring a dynamic balance on the market. The research used methods of analysis, expert evaluations, methods of deduction and induction, methods of systematization, and abstract methods. Updated directions and practical recommendations for managing the sustainable development of a transport enterprise. The proposed model for assessing the sustainable development of a transport enterprise, allows you to optimize its activities, identify existing opportunities for development, as well as ways to increase the level of development in the future, which, unlike others, allows for a comprehensive and comprehensive assessment of the current level of sustainable development. The model for assessing the sustainable development of a transport enterprise consists in the definition and assessment of sustainable development indices, it was established that the most significant component forming sustainable development is economic (with a weighting factor 0,38), the second place is occupied by social and legal (with a weighting factor 0,24), and the third is environmental (with a weighting factor 0,21). At the same time, the innovative component exerts a formative influence on both the three above-mentioned components and acts as an independent variable in the formation of the integral indicator of sustainable development (with a weighting factor of ). The use of the proposed model for determining the level of sustainable development of transport enterprises allows to focus the attention of enterprise managers on developing measures to increase the efficiency of operations and minimize the impact of the external environment when conducting business activities.

Convergence of educational technologies as an imperative for the development of innovation cooperation in the context of circular transformation

The object of the study is the process of convergence of educational technologies as an imperative for the development of innovative cooperation under the conditions of circular transformation. The central element of circular transformations is a person who must quickly react and adapt to changes in the external environment and solve management problems through systematic professional growth. This can be achieved thanks to the introduction of high-quality modern educational technologies, which require both special knowledge of the theory and practice of management, as well as personal development qualities. To achieve a state of sustainable development, managers making management decisions must quickly respond and adapt to changes in the external environment to solve various management problems. This requires systematic professional growth through the transition to high-quality new educational technologies. Combining the principles of global cooperation, defining the key imperatives of sustainable development and finding innovative measures of cooperation under the renewed conditions of the circular economy must be based on education. The main generally accepted indicator of the level of development of any country in the world is GDP. But under conditions of uncertainty and change, the real state of development and progress can be determined using the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), which is an integral indicator. One of the main issues is the determination of the level of sustainable development in the context of circular transformations, taking into account the influence of the level of education and existing approaches to its assessment. If we take into account that the conditions for cyclical transformations must occur, including through raising the level of education and the constant transfer of education into practice, then the inclusion of the Index of the level of education is necessary to calculate the real state of development of any country

Assessing sustainable performance of aquatic species using multiple footprints for comprehensive dietary advice

Aquaculture has become an important source of food, providing an alternative to wild fisheries and terrestrial food. However, the environmental impacts of aquaculture can vary greatly, and it is essential to understand the relationship between the nutrition provided by aquatic species and their multiple environmental footprints for targeted dietary advice and sustainable development of aquaculture. In this study, we examined 49 aquatic species or taxa divided into eight groups, considering ten nutrients and five environmental impacts for Chinese aquaculture. The results showed that species varied widely in their nutritional values and environmental impacts, with mussel, razor clam, marine bass, flounder and snapper being the most recommended for sustainable performance (sustainability score Si > 1.60). In contrast, tilapia performed poorly (Si = 0.11) in both nutritional score and environmental impacts, thus should not be promoted in dietary advice. Results of spatial analysis showed that Qinghai (Si = 1.06) and Tibet (Si = 0.75) had the highest sustainable development level for freshwater aquaculture, while there were large differences in marine aquaculture among coastal provinces (the highest Si in Zhejiang was 1.42, and the lowest Si in Guangxi was 0.56) and the sustainable performance of all coastal provinces is reduced to varying degrees when freshwater aquaculture and marine aquaculture are considered comprehensively. Increasing the proportion of high sustainable performance species is an effective way to improve the sustainability score in most provinces, particularly coastal ones. We suggest that the proportion of species production should be adjusted, and the cultivation of species with high sustainable performance should be prioritized. This study provides an initial assessment of the sustainability of aquatic food by combining nutrition and multiple environmental impacts for Chinese aquaculture.

Relationship between sustainable development and financial development from the perspective of the European green economy. Fuzzy approach

Introduction: Although a large number of publications are devoted to analyzing the relationship between financial development and economic growth, we focused on the answer to the question that sustainable development is accompanied by financial development in particular European Union countries. To our best knowledge, it is a new and original research approach that addresses important research gaps.Methodology: A synthetic indicator based on 13 variables was built to assess the level of sustainable development, taking into account the financial aspect. Fuzzy logic was used to assess the relationship between the level of sustainable development and financial development. It is an original and novel approach.Results: The research results showed significant differences between the north and south and Europe’s east and west. The highest levels of the synthetic measure for all analyzed periods were recorded for Sweden, Finland, and Denmark, and the lowest for Lithuania (2013), Cyprus (2014–2015), and Bulgaria (2016–2021). Over the nine years covered by the analysis, the level of sustainable development, considering the financial aspect, improved in two countries: Germany and Portugal, but deteriorated in six: Bulgaria, Croatia, Italy, Latvia, Romania, and Slovenia. In all analyzed years, the higher the level of the synthetic measure (sustainable development), the higher the value of the financial development index (FDI index).Discussion: When developing sustainable development policies, policymakers should consider their links with financial development and the policy of developing and regulating financial markets. Financial markets are essential for sustainability, and finance is a crucial driver of sustainable development.