Survey Of Tourists Research Articles

Popular culture and tourism: conceptual advances and future directions

This review of the intersection between popular culture and tourism surveys progress in the field and suggests directions for future research. Popular culture as fuel for niche tourism, interpreted in relation to nostalgia, authenticity, and identity, has been supplemented by research on embodiment and performativity, and the influence of social media. Popular culture remains a strong rationale for travel and is thoroughly imbricated in tourism’s corporatised and platformised industry superstructure. Yet, as subcultures and social media proliferate globally and are refracted by cultural diversity and a more disruptive world, research will need to adapt accordingly, linking structural analysis of industry consolidation, cyclicality, and fluidity, with critical cultural theories in order to pluralise, diversify and contest understandings of popular culture and its connection to tourism.

Community-Based Management: Marine Tourism Development for Ecological and Economic Sustainability

This study analyzes community-based management approaches in the Kapoposang Marine Nature Tourism Park (TWAL) as a model for sustainable tourism development. The research examines how local community involvement in managing marine tourism areas enhances economic, social, and ecological sustainability. Using a mixed-method approach, the study combines qualitative and quantitative data, including interviews with stakeholders, direct observations, and surveys of local residents and tourists. Findings reveal that participatory approaches significantly enhance the effectiveness of marine ecosystem management, particularly in coral reef conservation, while also contributing to increased local income. However, challenges remain, particularly in infrastructure development, which limits tourism growth and local benefits. The study suggests strategies for maximizing Kapoposang's tourism potential through inclusive community engagement, addressing infrastructure gaps, and promoting sustainable practices. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers aiming to foster sustainable marine tourism and community empowerment in protected marine areas, providing a replicable model for similar regions seeking balanced development.

An Analysis of the Relationship Linking Immersive Tourism Experiencescape and Emotional Experience to Tourists’ Behavioral Intentions

The sustainable development of tourism is a critical issue, and immersive tourism has emerged as a key market trend that significantly contributes to this goal. Experiencescape, a vital component of immersive tourism, plays a crucial role in shaping tourists’ experience and promoting sustainability within the tourism industry. Taking Chang’an Twelve Hours Theme Block as the research object, this paper investigates the composition and impact of immersive tourism experiencescape by utilizing grounded theory and hierarchical regression analysis on data derived from online reviews and tourist surveys. The findings reveal that immersive tourism experiencescape is divided into two main categories: physical and interpersonal. The physical experiencescape consists of three dimensions: functional facilities, thematic atmosphere, and basic environment. The interpersonal experiencescape, on the other hand, includes tourism performances, host-guest interaction, and personal service. The study demonstrates that immersive tourism experiencescape exerts a significant positive influence on tourists’ behavioral intentions, with emotional experience serving as a partial mediator in this relationship. These insights offer valuable theoretical and practical implications. They provide a perspective for enhancing the sustainability of tourism by improving the quality of immersive experiences.

Global Climate Resources and Climate Change for Beach Tourism (1950‐2019)

Climate is a primary determinant of tourism and recreational decisions. According to climate resource perspective–the study’s theoretical perspective–climate resources are meteorological variables of confirmable consequence to firm performance. Climate resources can be quantified using climate indices, or equations that variably weight meteorological variables that influence tourist decisions. To date, researchers have yet to calculate climate resources at the global scale using an index formulated for beach tourism, a subsector of marine tourism. We address this research gap, calculating the Holiday Climate Index (HCI)-beach globally from 1950 to 2019. The HCI-beach was formulated based on beach tourist surveys, an extensive literature review, and has been validated as the best‐fit index for beach tourism. Study findings (1) quantify ideal and unacceptable conditions for beach tourism globally, and (2) identify geographies with significant HCI‐beach changes over the span of 70 years (i.e., climate change). Findings contribute to the resource heterogeneity of climate resource perspective.

Research on the Enhancement of Chongqing Cyberpunk Cultural Tourism Experience under the Background of Culture and Tourism Integration

As a new trend in tourism and cultural development, the integration of culture and tourism is capturing the zeitgeist with its unique charm. In this context, various regions have explored distinctive cultural tourism resources and created unique tourism brands through in-depth exploration and innovation of local culture. Chongqing, with its unique geomorphological features and distinctive architectural style, retains the deep flavor of traditional Chinese culture while cleverly integrating the futuristic sense of modern technology. This combination aligns perfectly with today’s popular Chinese cyberpunk style, making Chongqing an ideal place for the development of cyberpunk cultural tourism. This article investigates the history of cyberpunk culture and its current development status in Chongqing through a literature review. It then discusses the feasibility of developing cyberpunk cultural tourism in terms of social and cultural development needs and market demand. Based on a survey of cyberpunk tourists’ experiences, the article deeply analyzes the existing problems of cyberpunk cultural tourism in Chongqing and proposes corresponding experience enhancement strategies, aiming to provide references for the development of cyberpunk cultural tourism in Chongqing Municipality.

What enables the effects of transformative tourism experiences to persist? Insights from identity development theory

ABSTRACT The effects of transformative tourism experiences (TTEs) are challenging to sustain. Existing studies lack a temporal perspective and fail to distinguish between TTEs’ short- and long-term effects. This study, grounded in identity development theory, introduced an integrated model examining how self-reflection, eudaimonic tendencies, self-efficacy, and habits can sustain TTEs’ influence. A survey of tourists who had experienced TTEs at least 66 days prior revealed significant positive relationships between these variables. Two serial and one single mediation paths were identified, suggesting that long-term transformation requires short-term shifts. This study provides insights into long-term self-growth and practical suggestions for destination management.

Addressing common method variance in country- and destination-image research: Two practical approaches

Self-administered surveys are a widespread data collection method in tourism research. However, survey-based data are prone to what is widely referred to as common method variance (CMV). Common method variance represents systematic error variance which can potentially have a substantial confounding influence on empirical findings, since it can lead to incorrect assessments of construct validity and reliability as well as biased parameter estimates. Surprisingly, addressing common method variance issues is still an exception in tourism research.This study advocates the use of two approaches and it demonstrates the practical implementation of these approaches by drawing on a seven-country online survey of tourists’ perceptions of and intentions to visit Italy conducted on a sample of 4550 respondents intercepted in Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Russia, South Africa, and Turkey.Findings clearly reveal that common method variance is not a trivial issue that can be safely ignored when estimating models aimed at assessing country and destination images and at explaining tourists’ intentions to visit and/or positive word of mouth. Therefore, the study provides concrete insights and directions to tourism researchers seeking to address this issue in their empirical endeavors.

Pagelaran Pottery Village: Culture-Education Resin-Concrete Souvenir in Industrial Tourism

This implementation aims to develop resin-concrete souvenirs as a superior product for the pottery industry tourism in Pagelaran Village, with the aim of promoting cultural education and enhancing the visitor experience. Pagelaran Village, renowned for its heritage in pottery production and traditional cultural practices, faces challenges in preserving its cultural identity and attracting tourists amid changing consumer preferences. Consequently, this activity explores the concept of resin-concrete souvenirs as a method to convey the cultural identity of Pagelaran Village pottery according to tourist preferences. Implementation of this activity employed a mixed approach, combining qualitative interviews with local artisans and quantitative surveys of tourists, to gather insights into the village’s cultural heritage and visitor preferences. The resin-concrete souvenir prototype in the form of merchandise was designed by amalgamating traditional pottery motifs and cultural elements unique Pagelaran Village. Subsequently, it underwent user tests and feedback sessions to ensure their aesthetic appeal, durability, and ability to evoke cultural narratives. The resin-concrete souvenir prototype has significant potential as a superior product in industrial tourism. The integration of traditional pottery with modern materials enables the creation of products that are both visually appealing and culturally relevant. Additionally, tourist responses show high interest in souvenirs characterized by authentic and narrative cultural experiences. This implementation contributes to the development of souvenirs in the context of industrial tourism, emphasizing the significance of education and preservation of cultural heritage. Besides bolstering the economy of Pagelaran Village, resin-concrete souvenirs can educate visitors about the village’s cultural heritage, thereby encouraging sustainable tourism practices. Keywords: resin, concrete, souvenir, pottery, pagelaran

Evaluation of ecotourism suitability based on AHP-GIS: Taking Xiaoxiangling area of the Giant Panda National Park and the surrounding communities as an example.

The primary goal of national parks is to protect ecological environment, but also with the functions of scientific research, education, and recreation. Aiming for the realization of universal sharing, we used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct an ecotourism suitability evaluation system by selecting four factors, including landscape resources, ecological environment carrying capacity, recreation utilization capacity and social condition, taking Xiaoxiangling area of Giant Panda National Park and the surrounding communities as an example. We evaluated the ecotourism suitability based on GIS, and conducted a questionnaire survey of tourists, to propose suggestions on the functional zoning in terms of ecotourism suitability and subjective choice preferences of tourists. The results showed that the ecotourism suitability of the evaluation area could be classified into five levels. The most suitable areas were located nearby the natural landscape resources and far away from the core conservation area, and the least suitable areas distributed at the edge of the core conservation area. According to the results of suitability analysis, the evaluation area was divided into suitable development area, moderate development area, and restricted development area. Combined with the tourist preferences, we divided the recreational activities in the evaluation area into seven activities, namely, ecotourism, eco-camping, science education, leisure vacation, agricultural and animal husbandry culture experience, eco-education, and mountain adventure. These findings could help provide suitable services for different tourists and offer reference for the ecotourism developmental planning of the Xiaoxiangling area of the Giant Panda National Park.

The impact of push-pull motives on internal tourists’ visit and revisit intentions to Egyptian domestic destinations: the mediating role of country image

Purpose-The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the push motivational factors (rest & relaxation, enhancing the ego, and novelty & knowledge-seeking) and pull motivational factors (tourism facilities, environment & safety, and cultural & historical attraction) on internal tourists’ visit and revisit intentions to a domestic destination in Egypt. It also tested the mediation role of the country image in the relationship between the independent variables (push & pull motives) and the dependent variables (visit & revisit intentions). This study provides novelty for the context of travel motivation, especially in a global crisis like Corona and highlight the limited literature regarding the Arab context, especially Egypt. Data were collected using an online survey of internal tourists to test the proposed model empirically using structured questions. Structural equation model (SEM) was developed to test the research hypotheses with a sample of 349. The findings indicate that all the research hypotheses were statistically supported, except for the associations between rest-and-relaxation, tourism facilities and the internal tourists’ visit intention to a destination in Egypt.

Factors Influencing Intention and Decision to Visit Gadang Clock Tower Tourist Object in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra

Objectives: The objective of this study is to contribute to the existing body of literature regarding the decision-making process of visiting the Gadang Clock Tower tourist attraction. This will be achieved by examining aspects like travel motivation, electronic word-of-mouth (EWOM), eco-destination image, and intention to visit. There exists a dearth of scholarly research on Gadang clocks, particularly about their significance within eco-destinations. Consequently, there is a pressing need for further investigation in this area.Methodology: The data utilized in this study was obtained via a survey of tourists who were visiting the Clock Tower in Bukittinggi. The SEM is utilized in the assessment of validity, reliability, cross-loading, and t-statistics.Finding: The study found that the influence of electronic word-of-mouth and eco-destination images on tourists' intentions and visiting decisions at the Gadang Clock Tower was positive and significant. Therefore, it can be inferred that these elements play a crucial role in enhancing visitors' intentions and decisions.Conclusion: If the Clock Tower possesses a favorable eco-destination image, it is likely to attract a higher influx of tourists. Electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) has a substantial impact in influencing individuals' levels to encounter the clock tower. The number of visitors expressing an intention to revisit the Gadang Clock is expected to increase if they have a remarkable and memorable experience on their initial visit. Furthermore, the act of visiting the Clock Tower exerted a substantial impact on their subsequent inclination to revisit it.

Research on Environmental Responsibility Behavior of Tourists in Seaside Ecological Scenic Spots--The Case of Shenzhen Bay Park

Abstract There is a symbiotic relationship between tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior and tourism’s ecological environment. If tourists consciously maintain the tourism ecological environment, their role in environmental protection will be transformed from a “liability” to an “asset”. Based on the SOR model and relevant research, this paper proposes three stimulus variables for tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior: the image of tourist places, environmental emotion, and local attachment. The initial questionnaire for each variable was created, and the final reasonable questionnaire was determined by reliability testing. A survey of tourists in Shenzhen Bay Park was then conducted and analyzed. The results of the study indicate that tourists in Shenzhen Bay Park exhibit high levels of environmentally responsible behavior. The results of the structural equation test showed that there was a significant influence path relationship (P<0.01) between tourist place image, environmental emotion, and place attachment to environmental responsibility behavior. It has also been found that place attachment has a significant mediating effect on tourist place image, environmental emotion, and tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior. This paper proposes the enhancement strategy of tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior to provide a reference for the strategy planning of related departments, which is conducive to the realization of the sustainable development of seaside ecological scenic spots.

¿Influye el pasado colonial en el modelo de desarrollo turístico? El caso de Ehden (Líbano)

This research studies whether the tourism development model in Ehden (Lebanon) is sustainable and balanced, or whether, on the contrary, it responds to the unsustainable pattern of its colonial past. To this end, interviews with local stakeholders, surveys of residents and tourists were carried out and analysed using descriptive statistics and cross-sectional data techniques. The results show that local stakeholders want to promote an integrated tourism development model in Ehden based on territorial resources that involve the local population. The population is willing, for the most part, to get involved in the tourism development model of the town, and tourists are committed to diversified activities centred on the natural and cultural heritage of Ehden, which value the town’s specific resources. However, it has been detected that this is a demand of those with high income that stays in high quality hotels or rural accommodation and is concentrated in the summer months, which denotes a strong seasonality and unsustainability of tourism. It is concluded that, although the colonial past is present in the territory, there is currently a great interest from all the agents involved in tourism to promote an integrated tourism model that could help to boost economic diversification.

Research on the Application of Traditional Culture in Modern Landscape Architecture Design under the Background of Artificial Intelligence

Abstract In this paper, the deep generative model and stochastic backpropagation method are used to innovate the modern landscape garden design, and at the same time, traditional cultural elements are integrated in the design process. By constructing generative adversarial networks and utilizing diffusion models, this study improves the diversity of design samples and enhances the display of cultural flavor. The comprehensive evaluation test shows that the modern landscape garden integrating traditional cultural elements exceeds the mean value in 17 evaluation indexes, especially the value of the evaluation factor of artistic flavor display reaches 0.0476, which is 460% higher than the mean value. The survey of tourists shows that the overall evaluation score of modern landscape garden is 76.4015, and the evaluation grade reaches “good”, which effectively verifies the practicality and effect of the design method of this paper.

Challenges in surveying tourists’ on-site activity and travel behavior

Given the increasing negative externalities of tourist mobility at the destination, there is a rising demand for reliable data on tourist on-site travel behavior. However, challenges awaiting researchers planning to conduct tourist surveys differ from those known from household surveys. In this paper, we critically review existing traditional and tracking methods, and evaluate their usefulness for surveying tourists. We present a rating system, which, based on a set of performance indicators and weights, returns weighted scores for each method. The proposed system can instruct researchers in choosing the method most adequate to their research question, time frame and budget.

The evaluation of (big) data integration methods in tourism

In view of many dynamic changes taking place in the modern world due to the pandemic, the migration crisis, armed conflicts, etc., it is a huge challenge for official statistics to provide good-quality information, which should be available almost in real time. In this context, integration of data from multiple sources, in particular big data, is a prerequisite. The aim of the article is to characterise and evaluate the following selected methods of data integration in tourism statistics: Natural Language Processing (NLP), machine learning algorithm, i.e. K-Nearest Neighbours (K-NN) using TF-IDF and N-gram techniques, and Fuzzy Matching, belonging to probabilistic methods. In tourism surveys, data acquired using web scraping deserve special attention. For this reason, the analysed methods were used to combine data from booking portals (Booking.com, Hotels.com and Airbnb.com) with a tourism survey frame. An attempt was also made to answer the question of how the data obtained from web scraping of tourism portals improved the quality of the frame. The study showed that Fuzzy Matching based on the Levenshtein algorithm combined with Vincenty’s formula was the most effective among all tested methods. In addition, as a result of data integration, it was possible to significantly improve the quality of the tourism survey frame in 2023 (an increase in the number of new accommodation establishments in Poland by 1.1% and in Bulgaria by 1.4%).

APPLICATION OF NETNOGRAPHY METHODS IN THE STUDY OF MUSLIM PILGRIMS AND VISITORS TO THE HOLY PLACES OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

The number of pilgrims and visitors to the holy places of the Republic of Bashkortostan increases every year. New objects of worship are being built in the region every year and old ones are being improved. This article is devoted to the study of pilgrimage in Bashkiria at the present stage.
 
 The purpose of the article is to analyze the reasons for the increase in the number of pilgrims and the existing trends of religious tourism in Bashkiria.
 
 Materials and methods. Within the framework of the study, the materials of the field expedition were used, which were achieved through such methods as questionnaire, survey and overt observation. The methods of cyberethnography were also applied: the analysis of the Internet community, whose actors participate in events organized at the holy sites of the Southern Urals, was carried out.
 
 Scientific novelty. This work is the first to study a sharp increase in pilgrimage in Bashkiria after 2019. In addition, the author applied overt observation in the expedition, which was last carried out by ethnographers on these monuments in 2010. Currently, foreign and domestic scientists are actively implementing the method of cyberethnography in the study of modern trends, the author of the article for the first time uses the method of cyberethnography in the study of religious pilgrimage in the Republic of Bashkortostan.
 
 Study results. During the expedition, a survey of tourists, guides and pilgrims was conducted at the mausoleum of Kuseynbek and Tura Khan in Chishminsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan, and at the Ilchigulovo-IV burial mound (sacred mountain Narystau) in Miyakinsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan, a questionnaire was also compiled for a group of tourists from Ufa and an analysis of pilgrims by gender and age using cyberethnography methods was carried out. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the flow of pilgrims and tourists to the holy places of the region increases annually.
 
 Conclusions. The most active visitors to the holy places are the Muslims associated with Sufi brotherhoods. Most of the Muslims’ holy places are organized on the site of archaeological sites of the XIV–XV centuries. According to demographic characteristics, tourists are mostly middle-aged and elderly women, which shows the need to improve the infrastructure for leisure and walking.

Exploring the Pathways to Tourist Loyalty in Pakistani Tourism Industry: The Role of Destination Image, Service Quality, E-WOM, and Social Media

Tourism plays a pivotal role in Pakistan’s economic landscape. Understanding the drivers of tourist loyalty is paramount for sustainable growth. This study delves into the factors influencing tourist loyalty within Pakistan’s tourism sector, examining the destination image, service quality, electronic word of mouth, and tourist satisfaction. Data sourced from a tourist survey at popular Pakistani destinations unveil significant relationships and mediation effects. The results underscore that a positive destination image and superior services directly impact tourist loyalty. Furthermore, electronic word of mouth and tourist satisfaction mediate these relationships, highlighting how positive perceptions and satisfaction bolster loyalty. Social media also exerts a moderating influence on the destination image, service quality, and tourist loyalty dynamics. These findings offer crucial insights for tourism stakeholders and destination marketers to refine strategies. By enhancing its destination image, delivering exceptional services, and leveraging social media, Pakistan can both attract and retain tourists, bolstering its tourism sector’s growth and prosperity. This study contributes to the existing literature and offers practical guidance for promoting tourism in developing nations like Pakistan.

Enhancing smart tourism and smart city development: evidence from Taoyuan smart aviation city in Taiwan

PurposeThis study aims to investigate tourists’ impressions of the smart destinations model from the socio-technical systems and the technology–organization–environment (TOE) perspectives. Specifically, it aims to explore how information source credibility and cloud infrastructure influence tourists’ use of intelligent technology.Design/methodology/approachThis measurement development is based on prior literature; after being evaluated for face and content validity, the authors used random sampling to collect data and conducted a field survey of tourists through Taoyuan Airport and using the airport MRT between December 2022 and March 2023. After confirming that tourists knew the destination information and had experience using travel-related mobile applications to plan their itinerary, the authors further invited tourists to participate in the survey, and 512 valid questionnaires were analyzed by the structural equation modeling approach.FindingsThe finding pointed out that source credibility and intelligent technology were innovative technologies that benefitted tourists, as were mobile travel planning apps, which created a relational context based on interests and activities from the socio-technical and TOE perspectives.Originality/valueTechnological innovation is closely related to the development of smart cities; tourists who used travel itineraries successfully understood travel-related actions and significantly had more positive affective images of the city.

Mutualism in marine wildlife value orientations on Cape Cod: Conflict and consensus in the sea and on the shore

Wildlife value orientations drive attitudes and behavior related to wildlife species. In the United States, a shift in value orientations toward wildlife from domination to mutualism has been well-documented. Few studies, however, have examined value orientations toward wildlife in the marine environment among multiple stakeholders. A 2021 survey of residents, commercial fishers, and tourists on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA measured marine wildlife value orientations in the context of intense stakeholder conflicts over rebounding populations of seals and white sharks. Respondents in all three stakeholder groups were more oriented toward mutualism than domination, but differed in intensity. Tourists scored highest on mutualism and lowest on domination, followed by residents. Commercial fishers had the highest domination and lowest mutualism scores, but their mutualism values exceeded their domination values. The Potential for Conflict Index2 revealed consensus on mutualism and domination measures was highest among tourists and lowest among commercial fishers, indicating a greater diversity of commercial fisher views. The shared mutualism orientation provides a foundation for coexistence in the face of marine environment challenges.