Surveys In Russia Research Articles

Distance Learning in Russian Schools during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Predicting Student Outcomes

The outburst of COVID had a major impact on the lives of people all over the world. While educational systems were developing plans, preparing teachers and schools for transition to distance learning, students were left in the situation which required them to organize their studies by themselves. This paper attempts to identify predictors of student learning outcomes, namely, students’ self-rated achievements, learning effort, and emotions, during the lockdown based on the data derived via the School Barometer survey in Russia. A total of 22080 students from 85 Russian regions participated in the survey. Relative weight analysis found statistically significant predictors for students’ learning outcomes: ‘learning effort’ and ‘negative emotions’’. The paper addresses such issues as student autonomy, teaching practices, and access to education.

Endogenous Popularity: How Perceptions of Support Affect the Popularity of Authoritarian Regimes

Being popular makes it easier for dictators to govern. A growing body of scholarship therefore focuses on the factors that influence authoritarian popularity. However, it is possible that the perception of popularity itself affects incumbent approval in autocracies. We use framing experiments embedded in four surveys in Russia to examine this phenomenon. These experiments reveal that manipulating information—and thereby perceptions—about Russian President Vladimir Putin’s popularity can significantly affect respondents’ support for him. Additional analyses, which rely on a novel combination of framing and list experiments, indicate that these changes in support are not due to preference falsification, but are in fact genuine. This study has implications for research on support for authoritarian leaders and defection cascades in nondemocratic regimes.

The Child-Rearing Scale as a Measure of Authoritarianism in a Non-Western Context: Evidence from Mass and Elite Surveys in Russia

AbstractThe child-rearing scale (CRS) as a measure of authoritarianism holds promise for cross-cultural public opinion research but its validity beyond the Western and, in particular, American context has never been investigated. We address this gap by studying the scale’s validity in Russia, a particularly interesting case due to its long history as a left-wing authoritarian regime. We also combine data from mass and elite surveys conducted in 2020 to explore the structure and performance of the CRS across different subpopulations. Using these data, we replicate the overall structure of the scale and confirm its validity. However, we also show that some indicators perform differently across masses and elites. Our findings suggest that the CRS is a valid measure of authoritarianism outside the United States but also show that its external linkages can vary across specific groups, depending on the country under examination.

Mental health, minority stress and discrimination against transgender people: a cross-sectional survey in Russia

Mental health needs of transgender people in Russia remain unmet and stigmatised as in many other countries around the globe. The aim of this study was to assess the stressors and perceived need for mental health care among transgender people in Russia. A structured online survey was conducted in November 2019. A total of 588 transgender adults (mean age: 24.0 ± 6.7) was included in the final analysis. An overwhelming majority of respondents (95.1%) reported stress in their lives. Financial burden (73.5%), relationships with relatives (59.4%), and intimate relationships (37.9%) were among the most frequently reported sources of stress. Most of respondents (71.8%) indicated that the psychological distress they perceived interfered with their ability to lead a fulfilling social life. More than half of the respondents (52.4%) had visited a mental health professional prior to their gender transition. Virtually half of them (49%) reported problems related to seeking mental healthcare attributed to stigma. Over one third (37.8%) reported taking non-prescription or off-label medications to improve their well-being or mood. Our study confirmed high rates of psychiatric problems in this vulnerable group and problems in help-seeking. The article also discusses the challenges of providing psychiatric care to transgender people in Russia.

Современная семья ребенка с нарушением зрения: анализ материалов всероссийского опроса

Современная семья ребенка с нарушением зрения: анализ материалов всероссийского опроса

Comparing prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors between population-based surveys in Russia and Norway

BackgroundLittle data exists on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Russian population. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of CKD in a population-based study in Russia, compare with a similar study in Norway, and investigate whether differences in risk factors explained between-study differences in CKD.MethodsWe compared age- and sex-standardised prevalence of reduced eGFR (< 60 ml/min/1.73m2 CKD-EPI creatinine equation), albuminuria and or a composite indicator of CKD (one measure of either reduced eGFR or albuminuria) between participants aged 40–69 in the population-based Know Your Heart (KYH) study, Russia (2015–2018 N = 4607) and the seventh Tromsø Study (Tromsø7), Norway (2015–2016 N = 17,646). We assessed the contribution of established CKD risk factors (low education, diabetes, hypertension, antihypertensive use, smoking, obesity) to between-study differences using logistic regression.ResultsPrevalence of reduced eGFR or albuminuria was 6.5% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 5.4, 7.7) in KYH and 4.6% (95% CI 4.0, 5.2) in Tromsø7 standardised for sex and age. Odds of both clinical outcomes were higher in KYH than Tromsø7 (reduced eGFR OR 2.06 95% CI 1.67, 2.54; albuminuria OR 1.54 95% CI 1.16, 2.03) adjusted for sex and age. Risk factor adjustment explained the observed between-study difference in albuminuria (OR 0.92 95% CI 0.68, 1.25) but only partially reduced eGFR (OR 1.42 95% CI 1.11, 1.82). The strongest explanatory factors for the between-study difference was higher use of antihypertensives (Russian sample) for reduced eGFR and mean diastolic blood pressure for albuminuria.ConclusionsWe found evidence of a higher burden of CKD within the sample from the population in Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk compared to Tromsø, partly explained by between-study population differences in established risk factors. In particular hypertension defined by medication use was an important factor associated with the higher CKD prevalence in the Russian sample.

Credit Constraints and Innovation Activities: Empirical Evidence on Russian Enterprises

This article studies the relationship between the credit constraints on Russian enterprises and their decision to introduce product innovation, process innovation, and to spend on research and development (R&D). The evidence regarding the relationship between R&D spending remains somewhat ambiguous and could differ between countries. A cross-sectional macro dataset of the World Bank Enterprises Survey in Russia in 2019 is used in a system of seemingly unrelated regressions. The results show that the existence of credit constraints is associated with a lower probability of introducing product innovations and spending on R&D activities. Nevertheless, there is no significant relationship between being credit constrained and the enterprise decision to introduce process innovations. The importance of this article stems from the fact that previous works showed that these relationships differ by country and that these relationships are considered simultaneously, while other works concentrate mainly on one of these relationships.

Business surveys as a mirror of the economy: Germany and Russia

Subject. The article addresses the business surveys conducted by the departments of the leading research institutes of Germany and Russia. Objectives. The aim is to investigate the specifics of survey statistics of the German IFO Institute for Economic Research and the Russian Economic Barometer, based on the analysis of relationship between surveys and forecasting, database parameters and main survey indicators. Methods. The study employs the methods of logical and statistical analysis. Results. We consider the main characteristics of respondent databases, the issues of using survey indicators to compile market forecasts, the dimension of databases (topics and levels of aggregation that determine the number of generated time series), analytical tools for market research, information and analytical publications, main indicators of survey statistics and the peculiarities of limitations to production. Conclusions. The paper reveals the main differences between the business surveys of the Russian Economic Barometer and the surveys of the IFO Institute. The most important achievement of the IFO Institute is the development of the main indicator, which became the basis for reliable market forecasting in Germany – the Business Climate Index, calculated on the basis of the Present Situation Index and the index of business expectations for six months in advance. For successful development of entrepreneurial surveys in Russia, it is necessary to take into account the German experience, which has received wide international recognition.

ПРЕКАРИЗАЦИЯ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТЬ И ВОСТРЕБОВАННОСТЬ ИТОГОВ НАУЧНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ВО ВТОРОМ ДЕСЯТИЛЕТИИ XXI ВЕКА

The features of the dynamics of changes in scientometric indicators (publication activity, citation and demand) of the research results of Russian specialists in 2012–2021 in the field of precarization are considered; the identified research directions in the field of knowledge under consideration are given, the results of which are in high demand. Among them: new social groups in modern stratification systems of global society; precariat: theory and empirical analysis (based on the materials of surveys in Russia, 1994–2013); employment and social precarization in Russia; transformation of labor relations and new forms of employment in the digital economy; the impact of unstable employment on youth transitions in the labor market. It is noted that the level of scientific activity of Russian scientists in the mentioned field of research, determined taking into account the Hirsch index, is 1.5 times higher than the minimum value of the world level of scientific activity of a scientist. The article reveals peculiarities of changes in the above indicators, including an almost continuous increase in the number of publications and the citation index almost until the end of the analyzed period and identifies the organizations of Russia whose results of research in the field of precarization are actively demanded by other enterprises of the country. The analysis was carried out on the basis of databases of the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI).

Evidence-Based Development of Doctoral Education: The Landscape of Doctoral Students' Experience Research

Regular surveys of doctoral students on their career trajectories, satisfaction with the program and the learning process, with the organization of supervision, etc. are widespread in leading foreign universities. The results of such surveys are used to improve programs and assess the effect of the introduced measures. In Russia, however, there is a lack of empirical data on the doctoral students’ experience, which makes it impossible to identify and address the reasons for the low performance of the Russian doctoral education observed over the past few years. To support the discussion about the need for such monitoring surveys in Russia, this article presents the results of an analysis of open information from the websites of about 150 foreign institutions that organize doctoral student surveys at the national, cross-university, and institutional levels. The presented review shows how actively doctoral education data collection takes place in the USA, Canada, Australia, and the UK, where there are one or more large-scale projects stimulating the collection of data from several universities, and how the results of such research are used by universities, employers, and applicants. On the example of topics related to the motivation for entering doctoral programs, to the career trajectories of doctoral students, and to the organization of supervision, it is discussed how the described research practices can be used for the evidence-based development of Russian doctoral education.

Anxiety and Depression Among Transgender People: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Online Survey in Russia.

Purpose: As we still do not know enough about the mental health concerns of gender minority people in Russia, there is a need to initiate research on these issues. We aimed to examine the frequency of anxiety and depression symptoms in a Russian sample of transgender people. Methods: The study consisted of a structured online survey and was conducted throughout November 2019. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used for online screening of anxiety and depression symptoms. A total of 588 transgender adults living in all Federal Districts of Russia (mean age 24.0 ± standard deviation 6.7) was included in the final analysis. Results: It was found that 45.1% (n = 265) and 24.0% (n = 141) of transgender people had clinically significant levels of anxiety and depression, respectively. No statistically significant differences in the prevalence of anxiety and depression were found among those who identified as a transgender man, a transgender woman, or other transgender identities. The anxiety and depression mean scores in the sample were statistically significantly higher than in the general Russian population (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in the level of depression and anxiety symptoms among respondents in Moscow, St. Petersburg, and other Russian cities. Conclusions: We found high rates of clinical symptoms of depression and anxiety among transgender people, consistent with international research. The study highlights the need for further research on the psychological well-being and mental health of transgender people, and the availability of psychiatric care to transgender people living in Russia.

Checklists of the Hymenoptera of Canada, Alaska and Greenland – Introduction

The distribution of described, extant species of the insect order Hymenoptera recorded from northern North America will be published in a series of ten checklists. In total, 9250 species in 27 superfamilies and 84 families are recorded from Canada, the state of Alaska (USA) and Greenland (Denmark). Within northern North America, 8933 species are recorded in Canada (96.6% of the total species), Alaska has 1513 (16.4%) and Greenland has 205 (2.2%). Within Canada, Ontario is the province with the most species recorded (5322, 57.5% of all species in northern North America), followed by Quebec (4207, 45.5%) and British Columbia (4063, 43.9%). At the family level, Ontario has 82 of the 84 recorded families, Quebec has 76 and British Columbia has 71. The most species-rich superfamilies in northern North America are Ichneumonoidea (4438 species, 48.0% of the total); Apoidea (1438, 15.5%) and Chalcidoidea (1246, 13.5%). The largest families are Ichneumonidae (3201 species, 34.6% of the total), Braconidae (1237, 13.4%), Tenthredinidae (573, 6.2%), Eulophidae (379, 4.1%) and Pteromalidae (309, 3.3%). Overall species richness of the Hymenoptera in northern North America is compared with surveys in Russia, Germany, Finland and the British Isles.

ОТНОШЕНИЕ ВОРОНЕЖЦЕВ К КОРОНАВИРУСУ И СРЕДСТВАМ ЕГО ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the behavioural attitudes of citizens and affected social, economic and even political relations. New patterns of behaviour are being formed and include both negative and positive components. The «pandemic of fear» is sometimes more destructive than the disease itself. Fear separates people not only by distance, but also in outlook. Society is split in relation to the phenomenon of coronavirus, to the methods of its treatment, to the means of its prevention, to the vaccination offered by the government. This is evidenced by both the results of surveys in Russia and public opinion research in the Voronezh region. Public opinion polls in Voronezh are carried out as a part of the social project initiative carried by the Public Opinion Institute «Qualitas».

Стратификация по нефинансовому богатству российских домохозяйств: высота, профиль, детерминанты

Цитирование: Богомолова Т.Ю., Черкашина Т.Ю. (2020) Стратификация по нефинансовому богатству российских домохозяйств: высота, профиль, детерминанты // Мир России. Т. 29. № 4. С. 6–33. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-4-6-33&#x0D; Богатство (wealth) наряду с доходами и расходами является измерением экономического статуса индивида или домохозяйства. Понимание социальной стратификации, ее особенностей и тенденций, механизмов накопления и межпоколенной передачи собственности без изучения неравенства по богатству будет неполным. Если в экономически развитых странах данные позволяют изучать масштабы неравенства по богатству на основе денежных (количественных) оценок, то открытые данные об активах российских домохозяйств делают возможной лишь структурную оценку стратификации по богатству. Из составляющих богатства – финансовых и нефинансовых активов – объектом исследования являются находящиеся в собственности членов домохозяйства материальные (нефинансовые) активы. В статье на данных Комплексного наблюдения условий жизни населения представлены дифференциация российских домохозяйств по обладанию нефинансовыми активами; выделены слои, образующие стратификацию домохозяйств по нефинансовому богатству; выявлены социально-демографические детерминанты, определяющие шансы домохозяйств оказаться в слоях, относительно обеспеченных нефинансовым богатством. Ограничением данных можно считать неполную представленность верха и низа стратификации, что характерно для массовых обследований. С использованием процедур факторного и кластерного анализа выделены семь слоев, отличающихся по наличию, количеству и составу нефинансовых активов. Установлено, что профиль имущественной иерархии российских домохозяйств смещен в сторону низкой обеспеченности нефинансовыми активами: самый большой по численности (47%) – малообеспеченный слой, портфель активов которого включает только жилье, в трети случаев дополненное автомобилем; портфель следующего слоя (19%) с выраженным сельским профилем включает, помимо жилья, земельный участок и в трети случаев автомобиль. Вместе с домохозяйствами без нефинансовых активов эти слои составляют 70% совокупности. Четыре верхних имущественных слоя имеют три и более нефинансовых актива, они отличаются комбинацией активов в портфеле. Влияния социально-демографических и экономических детерминант на шансы оказаться в верхних слоях стратификации по нефинансовому богатству проявляются по тем же образцам, которые установлены зарубежными исследованиями богатства на основе стоимостных показателей: они выше для домохозяйств с устойчивым брачным ядром, при относительно высоком текущем доходе, в старшем возрасте (50–70 лет) при более низких шансах для молодых и самых пожилых. В целом более значимыми детерминантами оказываются, скорее, условия сохранения накопленной собственности, чем условия ее формирования.&#x0D;

Excessive Media Consumption About COVID-19 is Associated With Increased State Anxiety: Outcomes of a Large Online Survey in Russia

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has potentially had a negative impact on the mental health and well-being of individuals and families. Anxiety levels and risk factors within particular populations are poorly described.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate confidence, understanding, trust, concerns, and levels of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population and assess risk factors for increased anxiety.MethodsWe launched a cross-sectional online survey of a large Russian population between April 6 and 15, 2020, using multiple social media platforms. A set of questions targeted confidence, understanding, trust, and concerns in respondents. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to measure anxiety. Multiple linear regressions were used to model predictors of COVID-19–related anxiety.ResultsThe survey was completed by 23,756 out of 53,966 (44.0% response rate) unique visitors; of which, 21,364 were residing in 62 areas of Russia. State Anxiety Scale (S-Anxiety) scores were higher than Trait Anxiety Scale scores across all regions of Russia (median S-Anxiety score 52, IQR 44-60), exceeding published norms. Time spent following news on COVID-19 was strongly associated with an increased S-Anxiety adjusted for baseline anxiety level. One to two hours spent reading COVID-19 news was associated with a 5.46 (95% CI 5.03-5.90) point difference, 2-3 hours with a 7.06 (95% CI 6.37-7.74) point difference, and more than three hours with an 8.65 (95% CI 7.82-9.47) point difference, all compared to less than 30 minutes per day. Job loss during the pandemic was another important factor associated with higher S-Anxiety scores (3.95, 95% CI 3.31-4.58). Despite survey respondents reporting high confidence in information regarding COVID-19 as well as an understanding of health care guidance, they reported low overall trust in state and local authorities, and perception of country readiness.ConclusionsAmong Russian respondents from multiple social media platforms, there was evidence of higher levels of state anxiety associated with recent job loss and increased news consumption, as well as lower than expected trust in government agencies. These findings can help inform the development of key public health messages to help reduce anxiety and raise perceived trust in governmental response to this current national emergency. Using a similar methodology, comparative surveys are ongoing in other national populations.

Housing-related Needs Assessment of Older People in Russia and Worldwide

The article focuses on the housing needs of elderly people in Russia and worldwide. It discusses findings in international studies, as well as analyzes the results of surveys in Russia. Social policy of the most developed countries focused on care and social support of older persons at home during postwar time. However, in recent decades the image of older persons and purpose of social policy has changed. Now older persons are considered as important and productive agents in social life. International organizations currently place emphasis on the fact that older people possess knowledge, skills and experience useful for the community. For this reason, the UN and WHO have declared healthy and active aging as one of the priority goals of sustainable development for the coming decades. Recent findings on the housing needs of older people allowed to identify basic principles of age-friendly environment that allows efficient, healthy and active aging. The idea of universal design treats housing, infrastructure, open spaces and transport as a single space providing and supporting the needs of all groups of the population, without exception. The goal of healthy, active and successful aging, voiced by WHO, is relevant for Russia as well. The authors consider the housing needs of older people in Russia in the context of global trends.

Reflective Component in the Structure of Children’s Subjective Well-Being

The paper presents the first findings of the children’s subjective well-being survey in Russia, which was conducted among representative sample of over 1719 pupils aged 10 and 12 years from Tyumen region in 2017–2018. The study is a part of International Survey of Children’s Well-being (ISCWeB) – Children’s Worlds. The main purpose of the research was to classify children in the field reflexive (cognitive) indicators of subjective well-being. The authors suggest that subjective well-being is a global regulatory mechanism; the core of it is children correlation of internal and external through reflection. Two-stage cluster analysis with selected cognitive factors of subjective well-being (intrareflexive, interreflexive) provides to group children in three clusters which are homogeneous to the research object and to build typical patterns of these groups representatives. As a result of Analysis of variance, belonging to any cluster group statistically significant influence on such factors as Overall Subjective Well-Being, Positive and Negative Affects, Psychological Subjective Well-Being.

Как изучать жертв преступлений?

Статья рассказывает о методологии первого российского масштабного репрезентативного исследования жертв преступлений (виктимизационного опроса), результаты которого размещены в открытом доступе. Такие опросы позволяют проанализировать структуру преступности, социальные характеристики жертв, условия совершения преступлений, поведение потерпевших и правоохранительных органов. В мировой практике есть два главных национальных виктимологических исследования — NCVS в США и CSEW в Великобритании, которые проводятся ежегодно или чаще с 1970-х — 1980-х годов. В России серьезных виктимизационных опросов, которые позволяют валидно определить именно жертв преступлений, реконструировать структуру преступности и проанализировать поведение потерпевших до сих пор не проводилось. Существующие образцы либо были крайне ограничены по количеству вопросов именно о виктимном опыте, либо опирались на очень небольшие выборки. Предлагаемый опрос проведен с использованием технологии CATI на основании простой случайной выборки. Структура выборки воспроизводит структуру населения по основным демографическим параметрам (квотирование не применялось). Опрошено 16 818 человек, из их числа 3 тысячи по собственной оценке имели виктимный опыт в течение последних пяти лет, 3,5 тысячи респондентов не имели виктимного опыта, но подробно ответили на вопросы социально-демографического блока анкеты, 10,3 тысячи респондентов отвечали только на вопросы о поле, возрасте, наличии (отсутствии) виктимного опыта и месте проживания. В опросе преимущественно использовались дихотомические вопросы, позволившие установить юридически значимые характеристики произошедшего и тем самым получить картину преступности не в терминах респондентов («меня ограбили»), а в юридически корректных терминах («произошла кража»). Статья подробно описывает использованные методические решения, обосновывает и соотносит их с мировым опытом.&#x0D; Благодарность. Сбор данных и разработка инструментария проводились при финансовой поддержке АНО «Интерцентр» в рамках договора на выполнение научно-исследовательской работы по теме «Разработка методологии и проведение всероссийского репрезентативного виктимизационного опроса». Анализ международного опыта и подготовка статьи выполнены в рамках проекта Российского научного фонда «Исследование социального контроля и мобилизации права с использованием больших данных», № 17-18-01618. Авторы признательны Дмитрию Скугаревскому, Денису Савельеву и Сергею Чувакину за участие в дискуссиях на различных стадиях. Отдельно мы благодарны Юлии Чурсиной и Павлу Степанцову. Особая благодарность анонимному рецензенту, советы которого позволили, на взгляд авторов, преодолеть ряд недочетов, возникающих у статей, написанных при сотрудничестве большого количества авторов.

Economic Sanctions and Public Opinion: Survey Experiments From Russia

Do economic sanctions turn the public against the target government or cause it to rally around the flag? How do sanctions affect attitudes toward the sanctioner? How does bad economic performance under sanctions shape support for the target government? Despite their importance, these questions have rarely been explored with survey data. Results from two surveys in Russia find that exposure to information about economic sanctions does not generate a rally around the flag, leads some groups to withdraw support from the target government, and reduces support for the sanctioner. Respondents also react more strongly to the reasons why sanctions were put in place—the annexation of Crimea—than to the sanctions themselves. These results suggest the need to reevaluate theories of the impact of economic sanctions and blame-shifting under autocracy.

, , (Methodical Presentation of the All-Russian Survey 'Man, Family, Society')

Russian Abstract: «Человек, семья, общество» это крупномасштабный репрезентативный по России опрос населения, который затрагивает все ключевые вопросы социально-экономического и демографического развития. Первые две волны опроса по сопоставимому инструментарию были проведены в 2013 и в 2015 годах. В 2015 году было принято решение отказаться от бумажной технологии интервью и перейти к безбумажным опросам. Было опробовано две технологии: телефонный опрос и поквартирный опрос на планшетах. По итогам анализа результатов этих двух составляющих опроса было решено остановиться на проведении телефонного опроса как основного в 2017 году. Телефонная технология позволяет реализовать полностью случайную выборку респондентов. Несмотря на ряд ограничений, связанных с длительностью интервью, удаленным контактом с респондентом, качеством связи и другими аспектами, телефонная технология в настоящее время представляется наиболее адекватным способом проведения массовых опросов населения. Мониторинговый характер обследования «Человек, семья, общество» вкупе с модульным принципом организации вопросного инструментария позволяет совершенствовать его для решения новых актуальных задач, и вместе с тем отслеживать социально-экономическую динамику развития общества. В фокусе внимания третьей волны по-прежнему находятся вопросы социальной стратификации и демографического поведения. Однако дополнительным фокусом стала эмпирическая оценка населением проводимой политики стимулирования рождаемости, в том числе потенциальных направлений реформирования программы материнского капитала. Помимо этого, продолжился и расширился сбор информации о состоянии здоровья населения и рисках инвалидности, самосохранительном поведении, потенциале увеличения продолжительности жизни. С данными количественных социологических опросов работают не только социологи, но и экономисты, демографы и другие специалисты. Не имея собственного «полевого» опыта, они нередко относятся к данным опросов слишком буквально, фактически не делая разграничения между социологическими и статистическими данными. Поэтому так важна методологическая прозрачность обследований. Прослушивание аудиозаписей интервью, анализ неответов и комментариев интерьюеров позволяет по-другому взглянуть на результаты и сделать представление о них более объемным. Это также позволяет снизить число методологических ошибок при составлении вопросного инструментария в дальнейших обследованиях. English Abstract: Person, family, society is a large-scale representative population survey in Russia, which addresses all key issues of socio-economic and demographic development. The first two waves of the survey for comparable instruments were conducted in 2013 and in 2015. In 2015, it was decided to abandon the paper technology interview and go to paperless surveys. Two technologies were tested: a telephone survey and a quarterly survey on tablets. Based on the results of the analysis of the results of these two components of the survey, it was decided to dwell on conducting a telephone survey as the main one in 2017. Telephone technology makes it possible to implement a completely random sample of respondents. Despite a number of restrictions related to the length of the interview, remote contact with the respondent, the quality of communication and other aspects, telephone technology now seems to be the most adequate way of conducting mass population surveys.