Material Surface Topography Research Articles

Surface topography of silicone rubber prosthetic materials fabricated using conventional processing techniques

Surface topography of silicone rubber prosthetic materials fabricated using conventional processing techniques

The use of scanning electron microscopy to study the ion beam sputter modification of the surface topography of biological implants

One factor which affects the biological tissue response to an implant material is the surface topography of the material. Ion beam sputtering, as a potentially useful roughening technique, has recently been used in attempts to modify the surface topography of biocompatible materials, such as metals, alloys, polymers, and ceramics. The ion-beam sputter modification of the surface topography of three different materials presently used or under consideration for implant devices were studied. A scanning electron microscope was used to examine all the materials tested.

The structure and surface topography of acrylic denture base materials

The structure of acrylic-type denture base materials has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and determination of their sol : gel ratios. From the sol : gel ratios it is established that there is direct chemical bonding between the polymer beads and the cross-linked matrix. From optical microscopic studies of mixtures of polymer beads and liquid monomer it is shown that all beads swell very rapidly and that small beads dissolve. The bead structure is not observed on a polished surface but can be revealed by treatment with suitable etchants such as acetone. The bead structure can be observed in SEM photographs of unpolished surfaces.

Analytical modelling of sputter induced surface morphology

Abstract A review is presented of the mathematical treatment of the development of surface topography of amorphous materials bombarded by an energetic beam of particles. In the first section the relevant analytical equations are presented and extended to include surface diffusion. In general the complete analytical approach is shown to be intractable, but in the second section some of the equations are adapted to suit computer programmes which allow calculation of the development of a surface contour provided the original contour and the functional relationship between sputtering coefficient and angle (S(θ)) are specified. Finally, geometrical construction techniques, which allow the topographical development to be predicted, are discussed and a new cursor, which evolves from the appropriate S,θ relationship, is shown to be significantly simpler to use than the erosion slowness curve when making a geometrical construction of the evolving surface.

Surface topography of a new polymer material for tooth implants.

AbstractA new polymer material has been developed for tooth implants. This material appears to be more successful than previous materials used, in that self support of tooth‐replica implants have been demonstrated in baboons. The surface topography of the new material has been studied with a scanning electron microscope and a lace‐like pattern was demonstrated, which had certain similarities to the surface of cementum of natural teeth.

Fractographic Studies of Fatigue Fracture of Metals

1. Correlation between crack growth rate and fracture surface topography.This section describes a part of the result of a co-operative investigation of Subcommittee on Fractography of Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers which is now under way with the aim of correlating microscopic fracture surface topography of different materials to macroscopic parameters. Materials studied are carbon steels, low alloy steels, stainless steels, cast steels, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, copper alloys, bearing steels, case hardening steels and sintered alloys. Roughly speaking, fairly good correlation was obtained between spacing of fatigue striations and macroscopic crack growth rate with ductile materials in the range of growth rate around 0.03--3 microns/cycle (Fig.1). There was a tendency of striation spacing being larger than macroscopic rate in the range of lower growth rate and smaller in the range of higher growth rate. Above this range, dimples or stretched surfaces were predominant and, below this range, irregular striation-like markings(Fig.2) were main feature of the fracture surface, cleavage-like markings or grain boundary fracture being found occasionally.