Surface Of Titanium Substrate Research Articles

The fabrication and in vitro bioactivity of HA/ZrO2/MgO gradient composite coatings

Hydroxyapatite (HA), chitosan (CS), ZrO2 and MgO suspensions were distributed by zonal electrophoresis (ZE), and then HA/CS/ZrO2/MgO composite coating on the surface of titanium substrate was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) in a reverse electric field subsequently. An HA/ZrO2/MgO gradient composite coating (Z1) was fabricated by calcination at 700 °C for 120 min. At the same time, another HA/ZrO2/MgO composite coating (E1) was directly fabricated only by electrophoretic deposition for comparison, where ZrO2 and MgO were osteogenic trace element compounds (OTECs). The morphology, structure, composition, wettability, apatite-forming ability, antibacterial efficacy of the composite coating Z1 were investigated by XRD, FT-IR, FESEM, EDS, contact angle goniometry, Lloyd's universal testing machine, electrochemical workstation, immersing in simulated body fluid, and inhibition experiments. The results showed that the contents of Ca, Zr, and Mg elements had a gradient distribution in direction of coating thickness. With the addition of ZrO2 and MgO, the contact angle of Z1 is significantly reduced from 52.5° to 27.3°. Remarkably, Z1 has more improved properties than E1, mainly manifested in the bonding strength of Z1 and titanium substrate up to 29.3 MPa, exceeding the standard requirements for bonding strength of HA coating implants (15 Mpa, iso13779-2) and as can be observed from cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve and Tafel polarization curve, Z1 exhibit superior electrochemical stability and strong corrosion resistance when immersed in HEPES simulated body fluid (H–SBF). In addition, after immersing in H–SBF for 24 d, the surface of the Z1 was completely covered by carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) and the Ca/P of the coating increased from 1.67 to 1.99. Furthermore, the antibacterial effect test of Z1 showed that the antibacterial rates of Z1 against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached to 98.2 % and 86.3 %, respectively.

Nano selenium-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays on orthopedic implants for suppressing osteosarcoma growth.

Osteosarcoma, the most common primary malignant bone tumor, is characterized by malignant cells producing osteoid or immature bone tissue. Most osteosarcoma patients require reconstructive surgery to restore the functional and structural integrity of the injured bone. Metal orthopedic implants are commonly used to restore the limb integrity in postoperative patients. However, conventional metal implants with a bioinert surface cannot inhibit the growth of any remaining cancer cells, resulting in a higher risk of cancer recurrence. Herein, we fabricate a selenium-doped TiO2 nanotube array (Se-doped TNA) film to modify the surface of medical pure titanium substrate, and evaluate the anti-tumor effect and biocompatibility of Se-doped TNA film. Moreover, we further explore the anti-tumor potential mechanism of Se-doped TNA film by studying the behaviors of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro. We provide a new pathway for achieving the anti-tumor function of orthopedic implants while keeping the biocompatibility, aiming to suppress the recurrence of osteosarcoma.

A multi-function hydrogel-coating engineered implant for rescuing biofilm infection and boosting osseointegration by macrophage-related immunomodulation.

Incurable bacterial infections, impenetrable microbial biofilm and dysregulated immune microenvironments are among the most intractable threats for the treatment of implant-associated infections (IAIs). Innovative methodologies combined with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging suppress the oxidative stress damage and promote macrophage polarization to M2 phenotype may be ideal for remodeling implant-infected bone tissue. Herein, a functionalization strategy for doping Tannic acid-D-Tyrosine nanoparticles (TA-D-Tyr NPs) with photothermal profile into the hydrogel coating composed of konjac gum and gelatin on the titanium (Ti) surface w as accurately constructed, named as Ti-G-TA-D-Tyr sample. The prepared hydrogel coating exhibited excellent properties of eliminating biofilm and killing planktonic bacteria, which w as based on increasing susceptibility to bacteria by the photothermal transduction effect of TA-D-Tyr NPs, biofilm-dissipation effect of D-Tyr, as well as the bactericidal effect of TA. In addition, Ti-G-TA-Tyr sample h ad effectively alleviated proinflammatory responses by scavenging intracellular excessive ROS and guiding macrophages polarization towards M2. More interesting, conditioned medium from macrophage indicated that paracrine w as conducive to osteogenic proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Results from Rat model of femur infection in vivo demonstrated that the modified Ti implant significantly eliminated the residual bacteria, relieved inflammation, mediated macrophage polarization, and accelerated osseointegration. Altogether, this study exhibited a new perspective for the development of advanced functional implant with great application potential in bone tissue regeneration and repair. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Modifications in the Surface of Titanium Substrate and the Incorporation of an Essential Oil for Biomaterial Application

Modifications in the Surface of Titanium Substrate and the Incorporation of an Essential Oil for Biomaterial Application

CuInS2/TiO2 heterojunction with elevated photo-electrochemical performance for cathodic protection

Semiconductor quantum dots with high quantum yield and photovoltaic conversion efficiency have ushered in a brilliant moment for constructing internal electric field heterojunctions for photogenerated cathodic protection applications. In this paper, TiO2 nanotubes grown vertically on the surface of titanium substrates were modified via a combination of conventional electrochemical oxidation and a one-step solvothermal pathway to sensitize with CuInS2 quantum dots. Compared with pure TiO2 photoelectrodes, the modification improves sunlight absorption efficiency and provides photoelectron cathodic protection to the 304 stainless steel (304 SS). Through 9 h solvothermal reaction, the CuInS2/TiO2 coupled with protected 304 SS exhibited an excellent property when the simulated sunlight irradiation. Its mixed open circuit potential is negatively shifted to -0.99 V, at the mean time with a stable photocurrent density (118 μA cm−2). The results indicate that CuInS2 and TiO2 established a p-n heterojunction with well-matched energy level, which can effectively facilitate the carrier separation and retain the strong redox capbility of photo-induced electrons and holes.

Effects of composition of hydroxyapatite/gray titania coating fabricated by suspension plasma spraying on mechanical and antibacterial properties

While several metallic implants with bioactive coatings have been developed thus far for treating bone deformations or deterioration, a multifunctional coating with the desired mechanical and antibacterial properties has not been demonstrated. This study aimed to reveal the effect of the composition of hydroxyapatite (HAp)/gray titania coatings on the mechanical and antibacterial properties for biomedical applications. Suspension plasma spray (SPS) aided successful deposition of HAp/gray titania coatings on the surface of titanium substrates. The microstructure of coatings with different compositions was then characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy to identify the crystal structure. All results consistently demonstrated that SPS could transform Ti2O3 into TiO2 with mixed Magneli phases, such as Ti4O7 and Ti3O5, which could typically demonstrate photocatalytic activity. Hardness, Young’s modulus, and interfacial strength of composite coatings commonly increased with an increase in the weight percentage of TiO2. A multi-modal damage assessment combining acoustic emission (AE), infrared ray camera (IR), and digital-image-correlation (DIC) was performed to monitor the damage process of HAp composite coating, which successfully revealed initiations of microcracks and nonlinear deformation at interface until fracture. Antibacterial test performed for examining the cytotoxic effects against E. coli under LED light irradiation conditions revealed that SPS HAp/gray titania coating could significantly enhance the antibacterial properties. Enhanced antibacterial properties can be attributed to an increase in the number of Magneli phases and better bacterial adhesion was attributed to hydrophilic properties conferred by submicron-sized particles. Hence, SPS can help fabricate visible light-responsive antibacterial coating, which can be used for medical devices.

Laser Assisted Size Reduction of Gold (Au) Particles onto a Titanium (Ti) Substrate Surface

This paper aims to perform laser assisted size reduction to nanoparticles of gold (Au) sputtered layer on titanium (Ti) base material using an innovative method that could potentially be applied in novel blood contact and thromboresistive devices in the living body, such as ventricular assist devices (VADs). The enrichment of the surface layer of titanium with gold nanoparticles, due to its bioproperties, may contribute to the reduction of inflammatory reactions and infections occurring mainly in the first postoperative period causing implant failure. The possibility of obtaining superficial size reduction and/or bonding of nano gold particles with Ti micromachining by picosecond laser treatment was evaluated. The quantitative assessment of the particles has been made using SEM and are depicted on the histograms, whereby the appropriate number of particles determine the antibacterial properties and health safety. The initial analysis of micromachining process of the prepared material was focused on power-depth dependence by confocal microscopy. The evaluation of gold particles was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using SE and QBSD detectors with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Attempts to reduce the deposited gold coating to the size of Au nanoparticles and to melt them into titanium matrix using a laser beam have been successfully completed. There seems to be no strict relationship between particle size distribution of gold onto Ti, probably due to too low energy to excite titanium enough, resulting from difference in Ti and Au melting point temperatures. However, the obtained results allow continuation of pilot studies for augmented research and material properties analysis in the future.

Structure and properties of TiN–Pb composite coatings deposited on VT6 alloy by DC magnetron sputtering

DC reactive magnetron sputtering of two separate single-element Ti and Pb targets was used to deposit a TiN–Pb composite coating onto a substrate made of the VT6 titanium alloy. The studies were carried out at Pb cathode currents of 0.2 and 0.1 A and two fixed argon flow rate values of 6.0 or 8.5 cm3/min, and the flow rate of nitrogen supplied to the chamber varying from experiment to experiment. The composition of coatings was determined by energy dispersive analysis. It was shown that the amount of lead in the coatings ranged from 0.5 to 16 wt.% depending on the Pb cathode current and reactive nitrogen consumption. Coating microhardness and wear were determined for each deposition mode. It was found that coating thicknesses varied from 1.9 to 5.2 μm depending on the ratio of argon and nitrogen fluxes. The effect of TiN–Pb magnetron coating deposition parameters on the structure and phase composition was investigated by X-ray diffraction method. It was shown that the coating consists of Pb and PbO at the Pb cathode current of 0.2 A, and of TiN, Pb, and PbO at the current of 0.1 A, while an increase in the ratio of argon and nitrogen fluxes leads to an increase in the fraction of TiN, the intensity of titanium substrate surface saturation with nitrogen, as well as microhardness and wear resistance. Under all deposition conditions the TiN coating features by a typical texture (111), the intensity of which varies nonmonotonically.

Morphology, Topography and Wettability of CP-Ti after Anodization Process for Biomedical Applications

Titanium (Ti) is widely applied for biomedical implants owing to its exceptional properties such as biocompatibility, corrosion behavior and wear resistance. However, these implants may undergo from some unfavorable results coming from the lack of their surface properties. Therefore, the development of required surface properties of Ti implants is an important issue. In particular, Ti dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (NTs) have displayed auspicious features to modulate the biological responses of Ti. In this study, the anodization process was carried out onto the surface of commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti) substrate in an electrolyte contains a 0.8M NaF in 1M H3PO4 at constant applied voltage of 10 V for 30, 90, and 150 min. The structure and morphology, topography, along with adhesion strength of both non-anodized and anodized Ti samples have been investigated

Ultrasonic Induced Refinement of Induction Heated Oxide Coating on Titanium

Induction heating treatment (IHT) has recently been used to improve the bioactivity and biocompatibility of titanium and its alloys, greatly related to the formation of the nanoscale oxide coating. In this work, the effect of ultrasonic on the IHT oxidation behavior of pure titanium has been investigated. Ultrasonic-assisted IHT of pure titanium was carried out for 13, 20 and 25 s. Submicro-/nano-scale morphological coatings with rutile and anatase TiO2 were prepared on the surface of titanium substrates subjected to ultrasonic-assisted IHT. In particular, the TiO2 crystals were significantly refined by ultrasonic impact. An improvement in hydrophilicity and hardness of the oxide film was achieved by ultrasonic-assisted IHT. The refinement of TiO2 crystals is suggested to be caused by ultrasonic induced changes of energy, defect density and their correlation with diffusion of oxygen. The present study provides a potential method to refine the nanoscale oxide films on titanium substrates, which is promising for improving the wear resistance and bioactivity of titanium and its alloys.

Antibacterial-functionalized Ag loaded-hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process

Antibacterial-functionalized Ag-loaded hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings were successfully fabricated by the EPD process, with adding various concentrations of Ag ions. Loaded Ag ions were adsorbed around the surface of HAp particles in the suspension, which made the particles become positively charged, and then were deposited together with the HAp particles onto the surface of titanium substrate. The thickness of deposited Ag-loaded HAp coating was dependent on the Ag addition amount and the coatings have strong adhesion, not only for the deposited HAp particles but also for the loaded Ag ions, due to the use of Mg2+ as inorganic binder. The Ag-loaded HAp coatings show potential application in implant surgery, owing to the surface antibacterial function for preventing bacterial infection in surgery, for improving surgical success.

Novel multifunctional two layer catalytic activated titanium electrodes for various technological and environmental processes

In this review article different systems of dimensionally stable electrodes (DSEs) are presented with an emphasis on the application of catalytic activated titanium electrodes with a double layer platinum-group of metals (PGMs). The role of platinum metals mixed oxides (RuO2, IrO2, TiO2) as excellent catalysts on the surface of dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) and a wide area of their application in various technological processes such as electrochemical engineering, wastewater treatment, degradation of pollutants, crotonaldehyde hydrogenation and fuel cells development has also been discussed. A method of forming new electrodes by using aqueous solutions of PGM chlorides which are placed on the surface of titanium substrate is also shown in this work. Very good bonding properties between the layers and the substrate contribute to the long working period of the above mentioned electrodes. One of the possible processes of surface modification of the new titanium DSAs could be the alloying of the above mentioned platinum metals on specific catalyst supports at low temperatures for the reaction of hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde. The application of DSAs could enable lower power consumption for obtaining copper and other heavy metals using electrolysis and could give cleaner deposits. On the other hand, to remove copper and other heavy metals from mining wastewater using electrolysis results in less environmental pollution.

Bioinspired double self-adhesion coating based on dopamine, coating resin and phosphorylcholine for surface lubrication and antifouling functionalization

ABSTRACT Implanted medical devices that have poor friction property or biofilm formation can limit their service life and cause discomfort in patients. Recently, some zwitterionic coatings have been studied to modify the biomaterials surface for lubricating function, but the grafting methods of coatings are complicated and also seldom take the bacterial antiadhesion property into account at the same time. In our studies, motivated by the properties of nature mussels and human articular, we firstly successfully synthesized double adhesion protection of self-adhesive ternary polymer coating and achieved the excellent lubrication and antifouling functionalization of the medical devices surface. In details, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and the water contact angles could characterize the successful modification on the surface of titanium substrate. Additionally, the tribological tests carried out by atomic force microscope verified the ternary polymer could enhance the lubrication property owing to the hydration lubrication mechanism. Meanwhile, it also possessed the bacterial antiadhesion property for the initial 24 h attributed to the hydration repulsive force. We believe that, as a simple and universal preparation method, the ternary polymer could make a great significance for improving the surface function of biomaterials and alleviating patients’ discomfort.

Biodegradable Polymer/TiO2 Nanotubes Loaded Roxithromycin as Nanoarray Capsules for Long-Lasting Antibacterial Properties of Titanium Implant

Bacterial infection is one of the main reasons for the clinical failure of oral titanium restorations. In this study, biodegradable polymer/TiO2 nanotube nanoarray capsules were constructed on a titanium substrate surface to locally deliver drugs for long-lasting antibacterial properties. Anodization was applied to prepreparation TiO2 nanotube array film on titanium substrate, and then, the upward opening TiO2 nanotubes were sealed with biodegradable polymer (chitosan and polyethylene glycol) through electrochemical deposition. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to analyze the characterization of this system. The drug release characteristics and the antibacterial activity demonstrated that the polymer coating significantly reduced burst release and enhanced lasting antibacterial properties. The nanoarray capsules still preserved integrity with a little degradation after 2 days. The strategy described herein provides a versatile route for designing targeted drug delivery systems in orthopaedical and other biomedical fields.

Engineered probiotics biofilm enhances osseointegration via immunoregulation and anti-infection.

Preventing multidrug-resistant bacteria-related infection and simultaneously improving osseointegration are in great demand for orthopedic implants. However, current strategies are still limited to a combination of non-U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved antibacterial and osteogenic agents. Here, we develop a food-grade probiotic-modified implant to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and accelerate bone integration. Lactobacillus casei is cultured on the surface of alkali heat-treated titanium (Ti) substrates and inactivated by ultraviolet irradiation to avoid sepsis induced by viable bacteria. This inactivated L. casei biofilm shows excellent 99.98% antibacterial effectiveness against MRSA due to the production of lactic acid and bacteriocin. In addition, the polysaccharides in the L. casei biofilm stimulate macrophages to secrete abundant osteogenic cytokines such as oncostatin M and improve osseointegration of the Ti implant. Inactivated probiotics modification can be a promising strategy to endow implants with both excellent self-antibacterial activity and osteointegration ability.

Protein adsorption on titanium substrates and its effects on platelet adhesion

Protein adsorption plays an important role in the interactions between implants and the bio-environment and is directly related to the hemocompatibility of implanted devices. In this paper, we investigated the adsorption behavior of two plasma proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fibrinogen (Fib), on the surface of titanium, a material widely used in implants, and its effect on subsequent platelet adhesion and blood compatibility. We found that both proteins adsorbed to the flat titanium substrate surface in a mixture of side-on and end-on orientations, and the crystalline form of the substrate had little effect on the adsorption. The proteins adsorbed on titanium oxide nanotubes (TNTs) exhibited significantly different conformation from that on flat titanium substrate surface and largely suppressed the effect of the surface topography on the number of platelets subsequently attached. Furthermore, a Fib layer adsorbed on the titanium substrate was found to greatly reduce platelet adhesion, although at the same time platelet activation on TNTs was enhanced.

Synthesis of Eu‐doped hydroxyapatite whiskers and fabrication of phosphor layer via electrophoretic deposition process

ABSTRACTHighly biocompatible and efficiently luminescent whiskers of the hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp) doped with various concentrations (0‐5 at.%) of europium were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and the Eu‐doped Hap‐coating layers onto the surface of titanium substrate were fabricated by the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process for fluorescent probe application. The maximum doping concentration of Eu accommodating into the host lattice of HAp was detected as ~1.5 at.% and all the hydrothermally synthesized Eu‐doped HAp whiskers were found to have high crystallinity and orientation growth along the c‐axis by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) identification. The valence of the doped Eu was identified as trivalent and divalent coexistence at a concentration percentage of Eu3+: Eu2+ = 78%: 22% by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. The replacement site of the doped Eu ions in the crystal structure of HAp host was clarified by Rietveld refinement. The whisker morphology of the hydrothermally synthesized particle was demonstrated by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) observation and their component elements were analyzed by energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) mapping. The photoluminescence (PL) emissions of the Eu‐doped HAp whiskers and fabricated their coating layers were both revealed mainly at ~615 nm (5D0 → 7F2) and ~697 nm (5D0 → 7F4), which is a wavelength that easily transmitting through living system for biological imaging. The PL emission are falling in the region of reddish orange and belonging to color temperature below 1500 K. Decay time and internal and external quantum efficiencies (QEs) were also measured to reveal them depending on the doping concentration of Eu. The hydrothermally prepared Eu‐doped HAp whiskers would be aimed at biomedical application, due to their promising fluorescent function of probe for in vivo imaging in medical diagnose by utilizing the superior biocompatibility of the HAp host and highly efficient luminescent property of the Eu activator.

Influence of oblique angle deposition on Cu-substituted hydroxyapatite nano-roughness and morphology

In this work, we study the effect of RF magnetron oblique angle deposition (OAD) on morphology, structure, and elemental composition of as-deposited and heat-treated Cu containing calcium phosphates. The control over the surface morphology and nano roughness provided by OAD is of great interest as both Mesenchymal Stem Cells and various types of bacteria respond strongly to nanoscale topography. A Cu substituted hydroxyapatite target was used to deposit coatings on the surface of titanium (Ti) and silicon (Si) substrates. The samples were placed at an oblique angle of 80° relative to the surface of the sample holder and in a normal configuration with respect to the flux direction and, therefore, parallel to the target. The dense homogeneous coatings with globular surface features deposited at normal flux incidence (NFI) configuration changed to elliptical, highly oriented structures with the direction dictated by the atomic shadowing effect when the substrate was deposited at an oblique angle. As-deposited thin films were subjected to post-deposition-heat-treatment at 700 °C in an Ar atmosphere. This led to a drastic change in the surface morphology and, namely, lost the directionality of the nanostructures. According to the X-ray diffraction data, the samples deposited obliquely showed preferential growth in the (002) plane and lower internal stress, than samples coated at NFI for both the Si and Ti substrates. The RMS roughness of the films deposited obliquely on Si was twice that of the films deposited at NFI (860 ± 80 pm and 408 ± 60 pm, respectively). However, it was not the case for the Ti substrate, the RMS roughness decreased from 42 ± 4 nm for coatings deposited at normal flux geometry to 33 ± 2 nm for coatings deposited obliquely. The heat-treatment of the samples deposited at 80° resulted in a significant increase in the surface roughness: 8 ± 0.7 nm for Si and 71 ± 4 nm for Ti substrates. The obtained results demonstrate that the oblique angle deposition can be used to fabricate nano-rough surface morphologies.

Bioactive Effects of Low-Temperature Argon-Oxygen Plasma on a Titanium Implant Surface.

Although titanium is the most commonly used dental implant material, its biological aging directly leads to a lower rate of osseointegration. The aim of this study is to treat aged titanium disc surfaces using low-temperature argon–oxygen plasma (LTAOP) to obtain a more hydrophilic surface in order to enhance biological activities of osteoblasts on dental implant materials. In this study, smooth-machined titanium (SM Ti) and sandblasted and acid-etched titanium (SLA Ti) substrates were used. Aged titanium discs (SM and SLA Ti) were activated by LTAOP and the surface properties were analyzed. Osteoblasts were then seeded onto the aged and LTAOP-treated surfaces. Cell morphology, viability, and features of osteogenesis were examined. We showed that after the LTAOP treatment, the surfaces of both SM and SLA titanium substrates become more hydrophilic with a larger active oxygen species composition, whereas no obvious morphological changes were observed. Osteoblasts were found to be attached and stretched well on the surfaces of LTAOP treatment specimens. Moreover, the proliferation and osteocalcin secretion of osteoblasts on the plasma-activated titanium samples were superior to the untreated counterparts. LTAOP activation can enhance the attachment, proliferation, and mineralization of osteoblasts on the surfaces of the aged titanium substrates. This research provides a new strategy to modify the surface of titanium dental implants for improved biological functions.

Application of a Novel Ti/nanoSnO2-α-Fe2O3 Anode for the Electro-Catalytic Degradation of Dye Pollutant: Optimization of Operational Parameters by Central Composite Design

Electrochemical degradation of Acid Yellow 3 dye (AY3) in aqueous solution was investigated over a novel Ti/nanoSnO2-α-Fe2O3 electrode ssuccessfully fabricated by the cathodic electrophoretic deposition method. The surface morphology, elemental analysis, crystalline structure, and electrochemical properties of as-prepared nanoSnO2-α-Fe2O3 films on titanium substrate surface were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with an X-ray spectrometer attached, X-ray diffraction (XRD), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and chrono-potentiometry (CP). The r esults showed that, compared to the traditional nanoSnO2 electrode, the novel Ti/nanoSnO2-α-Fe2O3 electrode with a porous morphology and without voids or cracks on the surface possessed higher electro-catalytic activity and electrochemical stability. To obtain maximum dye removal and to determine the relationship between important operating variables, pH, current density, electrolysis time, and electrolyte concentration were selected for the batch experiments as independent variables in a central composite design (CCD). In the first run, color removal efficiency was 92.73% for the fresh electrode, and 88.40% after 6 consecutive cycles of use under optimized conditions. These results presented here prove that the Ti/nanoSnO2-α-Fe2O3 electrode has good electro-catalytic performance and a great potential for efficient degradation of organic pollutants.