Abstract
This paper aims to perform laser assisted size reduction to nanoparticles of gold (Au) sputtered layer on titanium (Ti) base material using an innovative method that could potentially be applied in novel blood contact and thromboresistive devices in the living body, such as ventricular assist devices (VADs). The enrichment of the surface layer of titanium with gold nanoparticles, due to its bioproperties, may contribute to the reduction of inflammatory reactions and infections occurring mainly in the first postoperative period causing implant failure. The possibility of obtaining superficial size reduction and/or bonding of nano gold particles with Ti micromachining by picosecond laser treatment was evaluated. The quantitative assessment of the particles has been made using SEM and are depicted on the histograms, whereby the appropriate number of particles determine the antibacterial properties and health safety. The initial analysis of micromachining process of the prepared material was focused on power-depth dependence by confocal microscopy. The evaluation of gold particles was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using SE and QBSD detectors with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Attempts to reduce the deposited gold coating to the size of Au nanoparticles and to melt them into titanium matrix using a laser beam have been successfully completed. There seems to be no strict relationship between particle size distribution of gold onto Ti, probably due to too low energy to excite titanium enough, resulting from difference in Ti and Au melting point temperatures. However, the obtained results allow continuation of pilot studies for augmented research and material properties analysis in the future.
Highlights
The intensive development of research to verify Feynman’s [1] idea of nanotechnology allowing observations of the world in the nanoscale has resulted in the rapid creation of numerous methods and applications for nanostructured materials
The results obtained in the course of confocal analysis (Figure 5) for the variant with a frequency of 400 Hz provided the conclusion that the considered laser powers should be in the range from 13.2 to 22 mW due to the rapid growth
The results obtained in the course of confocal analysis (Figure 5) for the variant with a frequency of 400 Hz provided the conclusion that the considered laser powers should be in the range from 13.2 to 22 mW due to the rapid of depth in this region (in the power range of 4.4 to 13.2 mW the trend should be considered growth of depth in this region as is presented in Figures 6 considered as close to linear, while 13.2 to 22 mW grows exponentially) as is presented in and 7
Summary
The intensive development of research to verify Feynman’s [1] idea of nanotechnology allowing observations of the world in the nanoscale has resulted in the rapid creation of numerous methods and applications for nanostructured materials. One of the methods of effective particle size reduction is laser assisted particle reduction, the possibilities of which became the object of research of this paper. The previous contribution of the authors described the possibility of obtaining nanosized Au particles infused in a polymer matrix with regular distribution and controlled amount of particles—both in size and quantity in laser irradiation area [10]. The the possibility of obtaining nanosized Au particles infused in a polymer matrix with regular distribution and controlled amount of particles—both in size and quantity in laser irradiation area [10]. The promising results allowed continuation of the preliminary study on different types of base material and augmented laser power, suited to the needs of metallic bonding nature [11],continuation with limitations duestudy to the difference promising results allowed of the preliminary onsignificant different types of base inmaterial the melting point of the system components reaching °C
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