Support Elements Research Articles

Codeveloping a community-based, peer-led psychosocial support intervention to reduce stigma and depression among people with tuberculosis and their households in Indonesia: a mixed-methods participatory action study

Evidence relating to peer support and community-based psychological and social (psychosocial) interventions to reduce stigma and depression among people with tuberculosis (TB) and their households is limited. This study aimed to engage with multisectoral stakeholders in Indonesia to co-develop a peer-led, community-based psychosocial intervention that is replicable, acceptable, and sustainable. We used a participatory action design and engaged key national, multisectoral stakeholders to ensure that the intervention co-design was relevant and appropriate to the TB health system and the sociocultural context of Indonesia. The co-design of the intervention evolved through four phases: (1) a scoping review to identify a long list of potential TB stigma reduction interventions; (2) a modified Delphi survey to define a shortlist of the potential interventions; (3) a national multisectoral participatory workshop to identify and pre-finalize the most viable elements of psychosocial support to distill into a single multi-faceted intervention; and (4) finalization of the intervention activities. The scoping review identified 12 potential intervention activities. These were then reduced to a shortlist of six potential intervention activities through a modified Delphi Survey completed by 22 multisectoral stakeholder representatives. At the national participatory workshop, the suitability, acceptability, and feasibility of the six potential intervention activities were discussed by the key stakeholders, and consensus reached on the final four activities to be integrated into the psychosocial support intervention. These activities consisted of: individual psychological assessment and counselling; monthly peer-led group counselling; peer-led individual support; and community-based TB Talks. In Indonesia, meaningful participation of multisectoral stakeholders facilitated co-design of a community-based, peer-led intervention to reduce TB stigma and depression amongst people with TB and their households. The intervention was considered to be locally appropriate and viable, and is being implemented and evaluated as part of the TB-CAPS intervention study.

Key elements in successful educational development projects – core processes and experienced support

ABSTRACT Blended learning and flipped classrooms are becoming more common in higher education institutions, but changes in pedagogy may require wider changes within an organisation. The aim of this study is to explore the elements of support and resources during teachers’ participation in an educational development project; the factors affecting development work and the elements needed for more successful development work. Interviews were conducted with twenty-two teachers from a multidisciplinary university who had participated in the project and implemented flipped classrooms in their own teaching. The results show the importance of peers, personal motivation, development projects, and time. They also highlight the need for wider development within an institution alongside educational development: functional learning environments, well-timed support, and appropriate resources.

Neural networks as a support element of phytosanitary monitoring of fruit crops on the example of apple trees

Neural networks as a support element of phytosanitary monitoring of fruit crops on the example of apple trees

Assessment of the physical and psychological aspects of the current life support system on the International Space Station for sustainable space exploration

Life support systems in space have been developed to recover a certain amount of oxygen and water. However, we still rely on resupplies for gas tanks, water bags, and food. To achieve sustainable human space exploration, we must also consider the astronauts’ wellbeing. This research analyzes and assesses the status of essential life support elements, which are air, water, and food, as well as wellbeing elements, including clothing, hygiene, and healthcare, on the International Space Station. The types and quantities of resupplies for each element were estimated by synthesizing data from multiple sources and compared against baseline values established by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for one crew member per day. To evaluate the qualitative and psychological dimensions of dependence on resupply missions, astronaut feedback and comments documented in reports and articles from space agencies were also analyzed as important references. The results show that resupplies involve not only gas tanks and water bags but also a significant number of spare items to maintain recovery systems. Food completely relies on resupplies, and regarding wellbeing elements, although the mass supplied from Earth seems to meet the space agency’s requirements, astronauts feel uncomfortable wearing the same clothes and using the same towels for days, especially exercise clothes, which can develop odors. It was also discovered that each resupply mission is inefficient as resupplies account for only 0.21% of the total launch mass. Relying on resupply missions has been associated with negative effects on both physical and psychological aspects, such as anxiety about the risk of running out of life support consumables, issues with stowage and odors caused by waste, and stress due to complicated cargo unloading and loading transfer operations. As humans explore the Moon and beyond, frequent resupplies will become impractical due to higher launch costs and longer delivery times, and suggestions for developing technologies to realize a sustainable human presence in space are being proposed.

Recovery houses and peer work in them: a service user’s proposal and agenda for change

Purpose The purpose of this viewpoint article is to describe the experience of recovery houses and peer work from the perspective of a service user (Ben). The current profile and visibility of recovery houses on mental health wards is low. Indeed, since Ben’s first diagnosis in 2003 and during the last 17 months as a peer worker the importance of recovery houses has not even been mentioned once by staff or service users. It should be noted that this article expresses the view of the first author (Ben) and not the co-author (Matthew). Design/methodology/approach This is also a service user narrative by Ben. He was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia in 2003 and spent two years in and out of the mental health unit where he is now a peer worker. Ben had a relapse in 2013 for about six months and then attended Ron Coleman’s and Karen Taylor’s Recovery Champions course and their recovery house on the Isle of Lewis, Scotland, where he first heard of the recovery approach and which improved Ben’s mental health. Ron and Karen’s organisation is called Working to Recovery. Ben is currently a peer worker on the same unit where he was once a patient and working with the Director of Patient Experience, Matthew Sisto. This article is based on lived experience as a service user and peer worker. Findings This article makes a case for and a case against the proposal to incorporate recovery houses more into the fabric of NHS mental health care as well as a possible alternative to psychiatric units. The main argument in this article is to suggest making recovery houses more mainstream, more of them and more accessible to those currently in traditional mental health units. Currently there are no formal mechanisms of discharge from hospital to recovery houses. Not one person on the wards where I was a patient since 2003 or peer worker in the last 17 months has been discharged to a recovery house. Recovery houses are a therapeutic alternative or complement to traditional psychiatric care. They could also have other potential benefits, such as decreasing bed blocking on psychiatric wards (service users who are well and waiting for accommodation), reducing risk of relapse and remedying the loneliness and isolation that is often faced by service users on discharge to the community (changing from being around a lot of people on the ward to no one and isolation at home). Recovery houses are in short supply and in need of scaling up (more of them). There is the need to increase the referral and accessibility of recovery houses for service users on mental health wards. Currently recovery houses offer short-term support, only a matter of weeks or months. They would be better if they offered longer periods and also ongoing support. Recovery houses would also benefit people with mental illness, their carers and others if they incorporated elements of peer support. Originality/value Recovery houses and peer support are relatively new approaches in the mental health journeys of people with mental illness. This article is important because it makes a case for/ case against and addresses the feasibility of incorporating the recovery approach and recovery houses into the quite antiquated and slow to change fabric of the conventional NHS. It considers traditional and alternative pathways of care and steps for change to make recovery houses more mainstream and accessible to NHS psychiatric patients (and even perhaps to replace conventional psychiatric care in the long run).

Expansion and improvement of modular workstation for advanced PLC analysis and operation

This work provides continuity to the development of a modular workstation for the advanced operation of the programmable logic controller (PLC), through incorporation of the functions of master-slave communication, proportionalintegral-derivative (PID) controller and high-speed counters (HSC); and its use as a support element for teaching process of related topics. The operation of the workstation constituted from the integration of a speed control system in a threephase alternating current motor is analyzed; whose test parameters are entered from a graphical interface executed through a touch screen. Such application was implemented through a communication network between controllers; in addition, it uses a variable frequency drive (VFD) and an encoder as power and perception elements, respectively. The performance observed during the tests carried out confirms an adequate follow-up of assigned parameters, by reaching and settling real response of system in these. While, with regard to the use of the developed modular workstation as a teaching tool for analysis of advanced automation solutions, its relevance is confirmed.

교육전담간호사가 주도하는 신규간호사를 위한 지지적 임상현장교육 적용 및 효과

Objectives This study aimed to develop and apply supportive clinical field education led by educational nurses for new nurses and to verify its effectiveness. Methods A quasi-experimental study design using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest approach was employed. The participants included 30 new nurses in the experimental group and 28 in the control group from S General Hospital in Seoul. The research period spanned from May 18 to August 31, 2024. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 26.0 to compare social support, nursing performance, field adaptation, and education satisfaction. Results Statistically significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups in social support (t=2.07, p<.05), nursing performance (t=2.14, p<.05), and field adaptation (t=2.33, p<.05). Additionally, the education satisfaction of the experimental group (t=-3.15, p<.05) was higher than that of the control group. Conclusions The results confirmed that supportive clinical field education improved social support, nursing performance, and field adaptation among new nurses. Therefore, it is essential to develop and implement various clinical field education programs that incorporate supportive elements to enhance the effective adaptation of new nurses and improve the quality of nursing.

Estimating the influence of the rigidity of support assemblies on the resonance phenomena and the vibration state of a hydraulic unit

Many factors affect the vibration of the hydraulic unit, including the natural oscillation frequencies of the structural elements, which in some cases may contribute to an increase in vibration because of the occurrence of resonance phenomena. In this work, the case of design optimization of the support assemblies of the shaft pipeline of the hydrogenerator-motor was considered, installed at HSPP during its reconstruction in order to improve vibration parameters. The effect of increasing the stiffness of the upper crosspiece and reducing the weight of the rotating parts on the value of the first and second critical rotation frequencies was analyzed. Based on the results of computations, operability of the proposed new reinforced structure of the upper crosspiece of the hydrogenerator-motor with increased rigidity was confirmed. Using this design could increase the first critical rotation frequency from 9 Hz (540 rpm) to 17.6 Hz (1056 rpm). This would lead to the avoidance of resonance phenomena caused by the proximity of the first critical rotation frequency of the rotor to the rated rotation frequency (600 rpm). The computations were performed in a three-dimensional setting in two stages for each of the considered design cases. At the first stage, the supporting elements rigidity of the shaft line of the hydrogenerator-motor were studied by determining the structural element elastic deformations when it was loaded by a transverse force. At the second stage, these determined stiffnesses of the support elements were used as input data for calculating the critical rotation frequencies of the hydraulic unit rotor

Protocol to implement and evaluate a culturally secure, strength-based, equine-assisted learning program, "Yawardani Jan-ga" (horses helping), to support the social and emotional wellbeing of Australian aboriginal children and young people.

Australian Aboriginal people experience stressors from inequalities across crucial social determinants, including deep and entrenched disadvantage and exclusion. The impact of unaddressed historical issues is pervasive and intergenerational. The disproportionate rates of Aboriginal youth suicide, juvenile detention and imprisonment highlight the inadequacy of existing social and emotional wellbeing programs and services for Aboriginal children and young people. There is increasing recognition in Australia that aligning social and emotional wellbeing interventions with Western values and conceptions of mental health is one of the main barriers to service uptake among Aboriginal people. This suggests fundamental questions remain unanswered about what type of services effectively address the complex constellation of social-emotional and wellbeing challenges arising from intergenerational poverty and trauma. Yawardani Jan-ga is an Aboriginal-led, operated, culturally secure, Equine-Assisted Learning (EAL) project designed by and with local Aboriginal young people, community Elders, members, and experts to address the complex constellation of social-emotional, spiritual and wellbeing needs of Aboriginal children and young people, aged 6-26 years, across multiple communities in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. EAL is a strengths-based learning approach where participants work with horses' inherent characteristics to learn transferable life skills, such as communication skills, self-awareness, and emotional regulation, to promote social and emotional growth and wellbeing. Although EAL has been previously used with Aboriginal children and young people internationally, they are yet to be widely used with Aboriginal people in Australia. Here, we describe the three subcomponents of the Yawardani Jan-ga implementation science project and the planned Participatory Action Research and phenomenological approaches to capture the distinctive experiences of participants and the local communities where the intervention is implemented. We anticipate that findings will build an evidence base that informs policy and practice by understanding key intervention elements of social and emotional wellbeing support for Aboriginal youth, how to incorporate Aboriginal worldviews across different stages of interventions, and how to capture impact best using culturally secure methods.

MILITARY SUPPORT TO CIVIL AUTHORITIES AND THE PUBLIC – WITH REGARD TO CIVIL PROTECTION

The armed forces are the largest and best organised fundamental part of the state organisationwhose high performance determines the stability and strength of the state, its sovereignty andthe provision of national and international security. Undoubtedly, the fundamental missionof the Polish Armed Forces is the ability to defend vital interests of the state, i.e. to ensure thesovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Republic. Nevertheless, the armed forcesare also a very important potential of the state in supporting civil authorities and society in crisissituations. In the past, the main task of the armed forces was primarily to ensure military securityin terms of defending the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the state. However,nowadays, in national and international terms, their scope of tasks has definitely broadened tocomprise undertakings in support of public administration bodies and society in crisis situations.This is due to the fact that the armed forces are characterised by unique capabilities, unparalleledin other response forces, to take effective action in the event of diverse crisis situations. Thus, theyhave become an important reinforcement of the crisis management and civil protection system.Often, they can be the main element of support to public administration bodies (government andlocal government) in resolving the crisis situation that has arisen.

Effect of Ginseng Supplementation on Exercise Endurance as a Support for Cardiovascular Disease Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ginseng has multi-directional pharmacological properties. Some data suggest that ginseng can enhance physical endurance, which, in turn, leads to protection of the cardiovascular system. However, not all experiments are conclusive. For this reason, the main aim of this research was to perform a meta-analysis and review of studies published between the years 2013 and 2023 concerning the ginseng effect on physical performance in animal and human models. Medline, Pubmed, and ClinicalKey electronic databases were used to analyze data. The search strategy included the following criteria: ginseng and exercise; ginseng supplementation; and ginseng supplements. The results suggest that ginseng supplementation may have a positive effect on CK levels in animal studies. Similar observations were stated in relation to serum lactate and BUN. Furthermore, a human study showed a significant increase in exercise time to exhaustion and VO2 max after supplementation. The review of the literature and conducted meta-analysis identified that ginseng supplementation may have a positive effect on exercise endurance. Due to the fact that most of the current studies were based on animal models, further research on human models is needed to identify the most effective dosage or form of applied ginseng to be a supportive element in CVD management.

Институциональный подход к реализации инновационного проекта «Чистая вода» в регионах России

The article examines the activities of state and municipal authorities in the implementation of the project «Clean Water». The set of organizational, managerial and economic relations for providing the population with clean drinking water is analyzed. The main reasons for bad-th position in providing the population with clean water technology from water sector and insufficient investment, required in the new water treatment technology, water treatment and sanitation, the result of which is that the poor quality of water services, widespread pollution of water sources in industrial and domestic sewage. It is proved that if in the coming years it is not possible to lay the foundations and create mechanisms for the transition of the water supply sector to an innovative development model, then we can expect a further deterioration in the situation in the field of providing clean water to the population. Innovative approaches to the implementation of the «Clean Water» project (institutional support of the project implementation process; development and application of new technologies for water treatment and water supply; use of new organizational and managerial approaches to improving the economic and social efficiency of water supply to the population) are justified. The elements of the institutional support of the Clean Water project are shown. Based on the analysis of the process of water supply and water supply in the Vologda region, the possibility of implementing the project «Clean Water» is justified. The theoretical and methodological analysis of the formation and development of program approaches to providing clean drinking water to the population is carried out, the need for an innovative approach to the implementation of the strategic directions of the State Program «Clean Water» is justified. Justified budgetary efficiency index, which is defined as the ratio of the volume of investments from the Federal budget allocated for this object to the planned target of increasing the share of the population with quality drinking water from centralized water supply systems. It is shown that the achievement of goal-setting in the field of water supply and water supply, including in the implementation of the Clean Water project, should take into account social factors, organizational, managerial and institutional influences, and factors that counteract the achievement of a synergistic effect

Inclusive universities for students with intellectual disabilities from a teacher's perspective.

The aim of this research is to analyse the elements necessary for the construction of inclusive universities in the European context from the perspective of university professors. Three focus groups are conducted in different countries: Spain, Italy and Portugal. The discourses have been analysed following Grounded Theory. The codes obtained were subjected to a centrality analysis in which rank, intermediation and proximity were analysed. The results show inclusion, teaching, experience and well-being as central elements of the discourses. Two large semantic blocks are obtained, one referring to educational factors and the other to social and emotional factors. Educational factors refer to how methodologies, assessment and support elements should be configured. In relation to social and emotional factors, issues related to inclusion, inclusive experiences, support and accompaniment and the role of families are presented. It concludes with the need to address both factors with a commitment from the entire university community.

PROFILING TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP'S ROLE IN MODELLING THE EFFECT OF SAFETY CLIMATE ON NURSES' SAFETY PERFORMANCE

This study examines the role of transformational leadership in improving employee safety through elements of motivation, guidance, enforcement, and support for employees, as well as enforcement and monitoring. Transformational leadership serves as a key factor influencing employee safety behaviour and performance. By providing inspiration, guidance, and positive role models, transformational leaders can strengthen safety practices in the workplace and ensure employees constantly adhere to established safety procedures. The study also emphasizes the significance of support to workers through ongoing training, adequate rest, and recognition of their efforts, all of which contribute to improved workplace safety. In addition, effective safety policy enforcement and monitoring through awareness campaigns also play an essential role in ensuring employee compliance. The results of this study reveal that transformational leadership increases employee motivation and strengthens the enforcement of safety policies, ultimately leading to increased employee safety as a whole.

Strategies Based on Gamification and Neuropedagogy in Teacher Training

Objective: This paper aims to identify notions and perceptions about the incorporation of emerging strategies and methodologies such as gamification and neuropedagogy to enhance learning experiences in the classroom. Theoretical Framework: The main approaches, trends and theories underpinning the research are gamification, neuropedagogy, teacher training and the design of learning experiences, which are vital elements in the epistemological support of the proposal. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises a mixed descriptive approach using techniques based on data analysis, triangulating documentary elements with the perception of the target population through the application of a validated instrument. Results and Discussion: Among the most important results of the analysis of the data obtained, based on learning analytics techniques, it is identified that there is a set of elements that contribute to the design of strategies where gamification and neuropedagogy really are striking and motivating trends for teachers for the design and strengthening of students in various learning environments. Research Implications: The design of learning experiences based on gamification favours the strengthening of strategies based on neuropedagogy in the classroom from the different types of thinking such as critical, creative, design and technological thinking encourage the relationship between gamification and neuropedagogy. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the assumption of gamification and neuropedagogy by encouraging a perspective of experiential and active learning experiences, where the social appropriation of technologies in the educational scenario contributes significantly to learning, and the comprehensive training of students at various levels and educational sectors.

Characterizing Emergency Department Disposition Conversations for Persons Living With Dementia: Protocol for an Ethnographic Study.

Almost 40% of persons living with dementia make an emergency department (ED) visit each year. One of the most impactful and costly elements of their ED care is the decision to discharge or admit them to the hospital-the "disposition" decision. When more than one reasonable option exists regarding a health care decision, such as the decision to admit or not, it often requires a complex conversation between patients, care partners, and ED providers, ideally involving shared decision-making. However, little is known about how these conversations are conducted and the real-world context in which they take place. Best practices in ED communication and shared decision-making for persons living with dementia and their care partners are limited. This study aims to characterize current practices in ED disposition conversations for persons living with dementia and their care partners, informed by perspectives from patient and care partner participants. This study will use an ethnographic design, including direct observation methods with a semistructured data collection tool to capture the ED encounter for up to 20 patient and care partner dyads, including all discussions about dispositions. Follow-up qualitative, semistructured interviews will be conducted with persons living with dementia and their care partners to explore specific observations made during their ED encounter, and to gain insight into their perspective on their role and elements of decision support used during that conversation. Data collection was initiated in October 2023, with 13 dyads recruited and observed as of July 2024. This study is expected to be completed by December 2024. Novel methods can offer novel insights. By combining direct observation and follow-up interviews about an ED visit, our study design will provide insights into how ED disposition occurs in real-world settings for persons living with dementia. Findings can inform more patient-centered interventions for disposition decision-making. DERR1-10.2196/65043.

Two variants of stating problems of mechanics of a rod-strip with a section of one-sided fixing of finite length on a rigid support element

The equivalence of two variants of problem formulation for rod-strip mechanics connected to a rigid and fixed support element on a finite-size section of one of its face surfaces is proved. The first of them is based on the use of a transformation model of rod deformation based on the transformation of the relations of the simplest Timoshenko shear model by preliminary satisfying the conditions of kinematic conjugation of the rod with the support element on the fastening section with the subsequent formulation of the kinematic and force conditions of conjugation of the fixed section of the rod with the unfastened one. The second variant, corresponding to the contact formulation of the problem, is based on the use of uniform relations of the refined theory of the Timoshenko type for the entire rod (for the fixed and unfastened sections), containing an unknown tangential contact stress at the points of the surface of the connection of the rod with the support element on the fixed section, which is included in the equations as an external load. To determine this, the conditions of kinematic conjugation of the rod with the support element are used.

Hydrodynamic Characteristics of the Pusher, Tractor and Schottel Types of the Azipod Propulsion System

Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the hydrodynamics performance of the three types (pusher, tractor and Schottel) of the azimuthing podded drive (AZIPOD) electric propulsion system. To evaluate the propulsive performance of the podded drive system, the Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) solver is employed. KP-505 propeller as the research object, hydrodynamic open-water characteristics of this propeller was first calculated, and agreed well with test results. Then, numerical simulation of the thrust, torque and efficiency of the three types of the AZIPOD systems (Pusher, Tractor and Schottel) with KP-505 propeller at various yaw angles (from -30° to +30° with 15° increments) and different advance coefficients were compared. For the Schottel propulsion system, the effects of the number of propeller blades and the blade pitch-diameter ratio on performance are presented and discussed. Finally, the effect of sturt, support element and pod for pusher type on the pressure coefficient, thrust and torque of one blade and whole blades is investigated during one cycle.

Implementation of effective communication in interprofessional collaboration to improve inpatient services

Introduction: Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) is an interprofessional collaboration between people with different professional backgrounds who work together to solve health problems and provide health services. This research aims to analyze the implementation of effective communication in interprofessional collaboration to improve inpatient services. Research Methodology: The research is qualitative with a phenomenological design. Six people were the research informants: hospital leadership, PMKP, medical committee, medical service element, nursing element, and medical support element. Data will be collected using observation, FGD, in-depth interviews, and document study. Data processing and analysis use the Miles and Huberman method. Result: The study's results indicate that the implementation of IPC still needs improvement. Lack of practical communication skills is the leading cause of IPC being less than good. Management efforts to improve helpful communication skills include providing training related to effective communication, forming an evaluation team, and giving rewards and punishments. Conclusion: Management is making efforts to improve effective communication skills by providing training related to effective communication, forming an evaluation team, and giving rewards and punishments. Health workers are making efforts to comply with all rules that have been given by management to support an effective communication program for patients and between health workers

Dynamic Modeling of 5-DOF Aerostatic Bearing Rotor System with Adjustable Gas Film Gap

In the application of an aerostatic motorized spindle, given the different requirements for the optimal gas film thickness of gas bearing under various processing conditions, this paper puts forward the tapered aerostatic bearing as the radial support element of the spindle and realizes the adjustability of gas film gap in a particular range through the axial fine-tuning mechanism. A 5-DOF dynamic model of the bearing rotor system is established, and the transient Reynolds equation is solved using the finite difference method to obtain the pressure distribution characteristics of the gas film. Based on this, the spindle’s translation and angular displacement responses are determined by solving the spindle’s motion equation. The simulation results show that the tilting motion of the spindle significantly affects the pressure distribution of the gas film, and the nonlinear gas film force will lead to nonlinear severe vibration of the spindle. The study also reveals that reducing the gas film thickness under low-speed and heavy-load conditions effectively decreases the amplitude and offset of the spindle. However, increasing the gas film thickness enhances the system’s speed and stability under high-speed and light-load conditions.