Child Support Research Articles

Collaborative working between speech and language therapists and teaching staff in mainstream UK primary schools: A scoping review

Support for school-age children with speech, language and communication needs (SLCN) usually takes place within the school setting. Successful outcomes for children with SLCN rely on effective collaborative working between speech and language therapists (SLTs), school staff and families. We need to understand the current evidence regarding the joint working practices, relationships and collaboration experiences of SLT and teaching staff within mainstream primary schools, in order to identify whether sufficient research exists for a systematic review within this field, and to inform practice. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify what research currently exists regarding collaboration, roles and relationships of SLTs and teaching staff within mainstream UK primary schools, and clarify the nature, participants and concepts described within this literature. A scoping review framework was used, consisting of identification of the review objectives, identification of relevant studies, study selection and iterative searches, data charting and reporting of the results. Information regarding research question, participants, data collection and analysis and terms used for key concepts was extracted. This scoping review identified 14 papers, however, collaboration was the primary focus of only 5 of these. Clarity and perceptions of roles were key themes within six of the papers. Whilst facilitators and barriers to collaboration are discussed in all 14 papers, only 4 studies aimed to investigate barriers and facilitators. Teaching assistant (TA) views are underrepresented within the research. Drawing conclusions from the body of research is challenging due to the varied ways in which the key concept ‘collaboration’ is used. Currently, there is insufficient literature to carry out a systematic review. This scoping review highlights the need for research that considers collaboration within the complex social network of school staff (including TAs) and SLTs, in order to ensure that future guidance is rooted in research.

Rare neurodevelopmental conditions and parents’ mental health – how and when does genetic diagnosis matter?

BackgroundParents of individuals with rare neurodevelopmental conditions and intellectual disabilities (ID) are vulnerable to mental health difficulties, which vary between parents and within parents over time. The underlying cause of a child’s condition can influence parents’ mental health, via uncertain pathways and within unknown time-windows.ResultsWe analysed baseline data from the IMAGINE-ID cohort, comprising 2655 parents of children and young people with ID of known genetic origin. First, we conducted a factor analysis of the SDQ Impact scale to isolate specific pathways from genetic aetiology to parents’ mental health. This suggested a two-factor structure for the SDQ Impact scale, with a “home & distress” dimension and a “participation” dimension. Second, we tested via structural equation modelling (SEM) whether genetic diagnosis affects Impact and mental health directly, or indirectly via children’s characteristics. This analysis identified an indirect pathway linking genetic aetiology to parents’ mental health, serially through child characteristics (physical disabilities, emotional and behavioural difficulties) and Impact: home & distress. Third, we conducted moderation analysis to explore the influence of time elapsed since genetic diagnosis. This showed that the serial mediation model was moderated by time since diagnosis, with strongest mediating effects among recently diagnosed cases.ConclusionsThere are multiple steps on the pathway from ID-associated genetic diagnoses to parents’ mental health. Pathway links are strongest within 5 years of receiving a genetic diagnosis, highlighting opportunities for better post-diagnostic support. Recognition and enhanced support for children’s physical and behavioural needs might reduce impact on family life, ameliorating parents’ vulnerabilities to mental health difficulties.

Optimizing health services for young children in poverty: enhanced collaboration between Early Head Start and pediatric health care.

Given the importance of health to educational outcomes, and education to concurrent and future health, cross-systems approaches, such as the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) framework, seek to enhance services typically in K-12 settings. A major gap exists in cross-systems links with early care and education serving children birth to age 5. Both pediatric health systems and early family and child support programs, such as Early Head Start (EHS) and Head Start (HS), seek to promote and optimize the health and wellbeing of infants, toddlers, preschoolers, and their families. Despite shared goals, both EHS/HS and pediatric health providers often experience challenges in reaching and serving the children most in need, and in addressing existing disparities and inequities in services. This paper focuses on infant/toddler services because high-quality services in the earliest years yield large and lasting developmental impacts. Stronger partnerships among pedicatric health systems and EHS programs serving infants and toddlers could better facilitate the health and wellbeing of young children and enhance family strengths and resilience through increased, more intentional collaboration. Specific strategies recommended include strengthening training and professional development across service platforms to increase shared knowledge and terminology, increasing access to screening and services, strengthening infrastructure and shared information, enhancing integration of services, acknowledging and disrupting racism, and accessing available funding and resources. Recommendations, including research-based examples, are offered to prompt innovations best fitting community needs and resources.

Shared residence and social security policy: A comparative analysis from 13 countries

AbstractIncreasingly, children live in both parents' homes equally after parental separation, but little is known about whether social security policy supports these shared‐residence families. We propose that a determination of support for shared residence in various policies can be based on two criteria: whether both parents can receive benefits and whether the total amount received is greater than what would have been received if children lived with only one parent. We categorise support for shared residence in child benefits, housing assistance, social assistance, and guaranteed child support in 13 countries (Australia, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Iceland, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States), using a 2017 questionnaire, policy documents, and previous research. Norway is the only country supporting shared residence in all four policy domains; three countries do not support shared residence in any. Policies on shared residence across domains are inconsistent. This research highlights the need to clarify policy for these families and to consider whether parents who manage shared parental responsibilities post‐separation should be assisted in new ways.

Психологические реакции детей на ситуацию хирургического лечения: обзор исследований

<p>The article presents a review of studies on the psychological reactions of children to a situation of surgical treatment. Surgical treatment is considered as a situation with a high potential for stress, which is due to the variety and high intensity of stress effects which are experienced by the child as new and uncontrolled. Negative psychological responses are observed in children both at the preoperative and postoperative stages. At the preoperative stage, preoperative anxiety is highly prevalent. The risk of its development depends on a complex of factors related to the child themself, his/her environment, as well as the disease, hospital environment, the treatment and the circumstances of hospitalization. Preoperative anxiety is a risk factor for more severe pain symptoms, emotional and behavioral changes in the postoperative period. The article discusses the modern methods for the prevention and correction of preoperative anxiety and postoperative emotional and behavioral changes in children: the presence of parents during the induction of anesthesia, providing information using modern technologies and principles of social learning, distraction and other cognitive and behavioral methods for the correction of the mental state, multimodal methods for harmonizing the emotional state and behavior of children (art therapy, play therapy, clown therapy). The authors come to the conclusion that further research is needed in order to develop algorithms for the psychological support of children in a situation of surgical treatment, taking into account their age, clinical characteristics, the psychological features of the child and his/her parents.</p>

О конференции, посвященной 100-летию А.И.Мещерякова

<p>On December 19, 2023, the National Scientific and Practical conference with international participation “Comprehensive support for children and young people with disabilities with complex sensory and multiple developmental disorders (To the 100th anniversary of Alexander Ivanovich Meshcheryakov)” was held at the A.I. Meshcheryakov Family Center, Sergiev Posad, Russia. The reports presented at the conference highlighted the current problems of studying complex developmental disorders and contributed to the exchange of experience between the conference participants in organizing and providing assistance to children and adults with congenital complex sensory and multiple developmental disabilities.</p>

A cost-effectiveness analysis of a South African pregnancy support grant

Poverty among expectant mothers often results in sub-optimal maternal nutrition and inadequate antenatal care, with negative consequences on child health outcomes. South Africa has a child support grant that is available from birth to those in need. This study aims to determine whether a pregnancy support grant, administered through the extension of the child support grant, would be cost-effective compared to the existing child support grant alone. A cost-utility analysis was performed using a decision-tree model to predict the incremental costs (ZAR) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted by the pregnancy support grant over a 2-year time horizon. An ingredients-based approach to costing was completed from a governmental perspective. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. The intervention resulted in a cost saving of R13.8 billion ($930 million, 95% CI: ZAR3.91 billion ‐ ZAR23.2 billion/ $1.57 billion ‐ $264 million) and averted 59,000 DALYs (95% CI: -6,400–110,000), indicating that the intervention is highly cost-effective. The primary cost driver was low birthweight requiring neonatal intensive care, with a disaggregated incremental cost of R31,800 ($2,149) per pregnancy. Mortality contributed most significantly to the DALYs accrued in the comparator (0.68 DALYs). The intervention remained the dominant strategy in the sensitivity analyses. The pregnancy support grant is a highly cost-effective solution for supporting expecting mothers and ensuring healthy pregnancies. With its positive impact on child health outcomes, there is a clear imperative for government to implement this grant. By investing in this program, cost savings could be leveraged. The implementation of this grant should be given high priority in public health and social policies.

A systematic review of parental burnout and related factors among parents

BackgroundParenting is both a complex and stressful endeavor, so parents sometimes experience parenting burnout. The main objective of this study was to provide an overview of factors related to general parental burnout (PB) among parents with at least one child based on the Ecological Systems Theory (EST).MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CNKI and WanFang were systematically searched for studies published from 2010 to July 2023 for peer-reviewed articles using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as “parenting”, “parental”, “burnout”, “psychological burnout”, “burn-out syndrome”. Studies were included if they described associations between factors and PB among parents of children aged 0-18 years old in the general population, and published in an English or Chinese language peer-reviewed journal. The Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs (QATSDD) was employed to assess the risk of bias of included studies.ResultsOf 2037 articles, 26 articles met the inclusion criteria. Based on the Ecological Systems Theory (EST), we found that microsystem-individual factors such as gender, educational level, income, parental personality, internalization of maternal parental motivation, unmitigated communion, self-compassion and concern for others, alexithymia, anxiety and depressive symptoms, parental perfectionism, resilience, low self-esteem and high need for control, mother's attachment style were identified as being associated with parenting burnout. Mesosystem-interpersonal factors involve parent-child relationship and marital satisfaction. The exosystem-organizational or community factors include the number of children in the household, neighborhood and the number of hours spent with children, child's illness, child's behavior problems and social support. The macrosystem-society/policy or culture factors are mainly personal values and cultural values.ConclusionsThis systematic review found several factors that have been investigated in relation to PB. However, the majority of the factors were reported by one or two studies often implementing a cross-sectional design. Nevertheless, we still recommend that health policymakers and administrators relieve parenting burnout among parents with children by adjusting these modifiable factors.

United States Schools and the Opioid Crisis: Charting New Directions

ABSTRACT Background The opioid epidemic has created unprecedented challenges in the United States (US), including hundreds of thousands of lives lost to overdose in the past five years. Expansion of prevention and treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) is urgently needed, as evidence-based strategies exist but many remain unable to access life-saving services. Purpose To inform school health and mental health providers, educators and school administrators about the causes and consequences of the US opioid epidemic and to provide practical solutions for engineering multi-tiered systems of support for children and families affected by the epidemic, including through opioid misuse, OUD, and opioid overdose. Methods We review the literature on the history of and current challenges associated with the opioid epidemic in the US. Results The collateral damage of OUD is pervasive, impacting children and families across the US. We found no health education programs focusing on this topic in US schools, underscoring a critical need and cogent practice/policy avenue. Discussion Schools are uniquely positioned to respond to the opioid epidemic, but school health and mental health providers, educators, and other professionals who work in schools must have accurate knowledge of the opioid epidemic, understand the challenges it is causing for children and families, and be familiar with best practices in prevention and treatment. Translation to Health Education Practice This review provides a succinct overview of the history of the opioid epidemic, examines its impacts on children and families, and provides a call to action for schools to partner in our national response.

Reflective supervision as a vehicle for trauma-informed organizational change in early childhood education settings

ABSTRACT While reflective supervision and trauma-informed care are often implemented separately within early care and education (ECE) settings, there is meaningful intersection between these two approaches that may support ongoing efforts to support young children who have experienced trauma. The current study presents secondary analysis of qualitative data from three focus groups with 11 ECE supervisors who attended a reflective supervision training, paired with reflective consultation. ECE supervisors who engaged in a reflective supervision training noted shifts in experience and practice that intersect with Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA’s) six principles of trauma-informed care: 1) safety, 2) trustworthiness and transparency, 3) peer support, 4) collaboration and mutuality, 5) empowerment, voice, and choice, and 6) cultural, historical, and gender issues. Reflective supervision may serve as an effective tool for organizations to invest in trauma-informed care, which creates a space for teachers to engage in relational learning. This investment can lead to enhanced support for young children, especially those who have experienced trauma.

Indonesian Caregivers’ Perspectives on the Use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who have Complex Communication Needs (CCN) benefit from Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) to support communication. Research on the use of AAC and how different stakeholders perceive the use of AAC has been heavily focused on Western culture. The purpose of this study was to understand Indonesian caregivers’ perspectives of their child’s use of AAC by conducting semi-structured interviews. Caregivers yearned for support and collaboration from professionals, showed perseverance and resilience by seeking other learning opportunities, supporting their children, and acting as advocates, and noted benefits from AAC when implemented in culturally responsive ways. Future directions and implications for practice and policy related to supports for Indonesian children with ASD and CCN are discussed.

The Use of CERIA E-Module to Enhance Parents’ Knowledge and Family Support Practice among Childhood Cancer Survivors Undergoing Chemotherapy

Introduction: Chemotherapy is scientifically demonstrated as an effective modality for childhood cancers. However, despite its therapeutic effects, chemotherapy can induce unpleasant side effects. These adverse effects often cause readmissions and trigger stressful, frightening, and painful experiences. These dreadful conditions may cumulatively affect the quality of life. Family social support has been widely mentioned as a significant factor affecting childhood cancer survivors’ quality of life. That being said, an adequate level of knowledge is needed to achieve the ideal family support for the children. For a long time, the standard method applied for knowledge improvement was direct health education and counseling. However, electronic health education is now considered an excellent alternative to the standard method. This study examined the effect of the CERIA e-module application as an electronic health education media for childhood cancer survivors and their parents and the effectiveness of CERIA e-module in improving parents’ knowledge and family support practice for childhood cancer survivors.
 Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study employing a total sampling technique. Thirty participants from Rumah Singgah Yayasan Peduli Kanker Anak Bali were recruited for this study.
 Results: Findings from this study showed that CERIA e-module is effective in improving parents’ knowledge (p=0.000; p<0.05) and enhancing skills in delivering adequate care and support for children with cancer (p=0.001; p<0.05).
 Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the authors suggest that nurses organize novel and creative education media for families with childhood cancer survivors to deliver the health messages more attractively.

Change in neighborhood socioeconomic status and childhood weight status and body composition from birth to adolescence

BackgroundWe aim to assess the associations between the change in neighborhood socioeconomic score (SES) between birth and 6 years and childhood weight status and body composition from 6 to 13 years.MethodsData for 3909 children from the Generation R Study, a prospective population-based cohort in the Netherlands were analyzed. The change in neighborhood SES between birth and 6 years was defined as static-high, static-middle, static-low, upward, and downward mobility. Child body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity (OWOB), fat mass index (FMI) and lean mass index (LMI) were measured at age 6, 10, and 13 years. The associations were explored using generalized estimating equations. The effect modification by child sex was examined.ResultsIn total, 19.5% and 18.1% of children were allocated to the upward mobility and downward mobility neighborhood SES group. The associations between the change in neighborhood SES and child weight status and body composition were moderated by child sex (p < 0.05). Compared to girls in the static-high group, girls in the static-low group had relatively higher BMI-SDS (β, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24, 0.09–0.40) and higher risk of OWOB (RR, 95% CI: 1.98, 1.35–2.91), together with higher FMI-SDS (β, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.14–0.41) and LMI-SDS (β, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.03–0.33). The associations in boys were not significant.ConclusionsAn increased BMI and fat mass, and higher risk of OWOB from 6 to 13 years were evident in girls living in a low-SES neighborhood or moving downward from a high- to a low-SES neighborhood. Support for children and families from low-SES neighborhoods is warranted.

학령기 경계선 지적 기능을 가진 자녀의 문제행동에 대한 부모 인식과 지원 요구

This study sought to examine the characteristics and forms of problem behavior in children with borderline intelligence and explore how parents can learn to recognize and deal with it. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with mothers of children with borderline intelligence, and the results were finally organized into 4 major categories and 10 subcategories as follows: 1) Characteristics and difficulties of the child, 2) Problem behavior Coping and reaction of parents and people around them, 3) Parents' concerns and difficulties, 4) Requests and suggestions. Through this study, the difficulties faced by parents of children with borderline intelligence as well as challenges and solutions for education and support for children with borderline intelligence were discussed, and the need for related follow-up research was confirmed.

Praktik Pemberian Nafkah Anak Hasil Pernikahan Siri di Kawahmanuk, Kabupaten Kuningan

The livelihood of children resulting from Siri (unregistered) Marriages is a problem in the Kawahmanuk Village, Darma District, Kuningan Regency because they don't fully receive rights from their parents. The target of this research is to analyze the practice of providing livelihood for children resulting from Siri Marriages in Kawahmamnuk Village, Darma District, Kuningan Regency, Beside that, this research also object to analyze how children resulting from unregistered marriages are provided for according to Islamic law and positive law in Kawahmanuk Village, Darma District, Kuningan Regency as well as comparing Islamic law and positive law regarding the maintenance of children resulting from unregistered marriages in Kawahmanuk Village, Darma District, Kuningan Regency. The investigation method uses qualitative methods, the type of research is field research and the data collection technique used in this research is a structured interview technique. The results of this study are First, the practice of providing for children resulting from siri marriages in Kawahmanuk Village, Darma District, Kuningan Regency is the same as marriages in general, where the responsibility for providing for children resulting from siri marriages on the husband, although sometimes fully provided or insufficient. Second, according to Islamic law, the obligation to provide support for children resulting from an siri marriage in Kawahmanuk Village, Darma District, Kuningan Regency is the same as for marriages in general, where the responsibility for providing for children resulting from an siri marriage lies with the husband. Third, according to positive law, the obligation to provide support for children resulting from siri marriages in Kawahmanuk Village, Darma District, Kuningan Regency is different from marriages in general, where the marriage has no legal force, the husband does not have to be responsible for the child's support, and the child has no right to claim support. Fourth, a comparison of Islamic law and positive law regarding the maintenance of children resulting from siri marriages in Kawahmanuk Village, Darma District, Kuningan Regency, that according to Islamic law the obligation to provide support for children resulting from siri marriages is like in marriages in general, where the husband must be fully responsible for the child's maintenance, whereas according to positive law, this marriage does not abide by the law, and fathers do not have to be responsible for the maintenance of children resulting from siri marriages, and children cannot claim their rights.

유아교사의 셀프리더십과 교수몰입이 직무만족에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of early childhood teachers’ self-leadership and teaching flow on their job satisfaction, as well as to discover the mediating effects of social support on job satisfaction. The subjects were 357 early childhood teachers who had been asked four questionnaires. The findings of this study were as follows. First, this study revealed positive correlations among the variables of early childhood teacher’s self-leadership, teaching flow, job satisfaction, and social support. Second, this study showed that there were the effects of self-leadership and teaching flow of early childhood teachers on their job satisfaction. Third, there was a mediating effect of social support on job satisfaction of early childhood teachers based on the relationship of the early childhood teachers’ self-leadership and their teaching flow.&#x0D; The results of this study signify that self-leadership and teaching flow are important factors to enhance the quality of early childhood education and early childhood teacher’s expertise as well as early childhood teachers’ social support for young children’s development and teacher’s job satisfaction in their experiences.

‘Jihad literacy’: the legacy of US-sponsored textbooks for Afghan children

ABSTRACT This paper uses critical discourse analysis and critical literacy to analyze the first in a series of literacy primers developed with US support for children in Afghanistan in the 1980s, called ‘Jihad literacy’. The text is analyzed for its ideological content as related to the themes of religion, violence, and martyrdom in the historical perspective of the Cold War and the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan. The paper demonstrates how the notion of ‘Jihad’ was subverted to promote a holy war against the Soviet invasion. The educational system supported by the US created a radical version of Islam based on violence and martyrdom, shaping the Afghan society to this day. We contend that the same or similar institutions shape current discourses as in the past and that children are the main victims of politico-economic warfare.

APPROACHES OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSES ON CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD) TO IMPROVE OUTCOMES IN EDUCATION AND BEYOND

This systematic literature review examines the approaches of mental health nurses on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to improve outcomes in education and beyond. A comprehensive search of databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO was conducted, using Boolean operators and truncators to refine the search strategy. The review included 15 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and thematic analysis was conducted to identify the key themes in the literature. The review found that mental health nursing support for children with ASD can be effective in improving educational outcomes and reducing problem behaviors. The key themes that emerged from the literature include the importance of early intervention, the need for a multidisciplinary approach, and the role of the nurse in promoting social inclusion and family involvement. The review also identified some limitations in the current literature, such as a lack of consensus on the most effective interventions and the need for further research to determine the long-term effects of nursing support for children with ASD. Overall, this systematic literature review highlights the importance of mental health nursing support for children with ASD, and the potential for such support to improve outcomes in education and beyond. The review provides valuable insights for mental health nurses, educators, and policymakers and emphasizes the need for a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach to supporting children with ASD.

Child support and income inequalities: a cross-continental comparison from welfare design to judicial implementation

Abstract This article analyses why and how child support policy contributes to income inequalities as well as to cross-national variation. It uses an in-depth comparison between France and Quebec (Canada) and drives on a multi-method empirical design to assess how this policy has been designed within each welfare state regime from the 1970s to the 2020s and how family lawyers and lower court judges implement it. It shows that national conceptions of solidarity and justice differ, along with the differences between those two legal systems, leading to cross-national variations regarding child support policy. In Quebec, the neo-liberal wave and the powerful feminist movement have converged to ensure that fathers are made to face up to their financial responsibilities towards their children, which has positive effects on the wealthiest and middle-class families. In contrast, in France, the feminist movement has been less influential while the long-standing family policy has favoured state protection towards lone mothers. As a result, the financial risks involved in separation are (partially) compensated by a state system of redistribution, rather than by private remedies, which lead the French system to be more effective for lower-class families. As a result, national context still matters a lot in the part institutional arrangements and professional practices play in income inequalities after parental separations.

Research on smart baby cradle using sensor technology

A support is a gadget intended to assist infants with nodding off, utilizing a delicate side-to-side shaking movement. Be that as it may, it requests impressive actual exertion from guardians to produce this swinging movement physically. Moreover, consistent oversight is expected to screen the child's exercises when they are set inside the support. In the contemporary period of mechanical headway, guardians regularly wrestle with a horde of difficulties in offsetting their expert obligations with the sustaining needs of their kids. Our paper means to resolve the common issues looked by guardians by presenting an inventive IoT-based Savvy Support Observing Framework. The key goal is to ease the nurturing difficulties by making an answer that guides in the consistent observing of babies. The Shrewd Support includes a mechanized swinging component set off by the recognition of a child's crying sound. Moreover, it consolidates an inherent camera to give ceaseless reconnaissance, engaging guardians with an improved capacity to watch out for their kid. To accomplish this usefulness, we have consistently incorporated parts like Arduino, sound sensors, wetness sensors, and the swinging system, among other electronic components, into the customary support plan. This overhauled arrangement offers increased productivity and unwavering quality as well as outperforms the capacities of traditional supports, giving guardians an additional viable method for really focusing on their newborn children. Key Word: IoT Innovation, Brilliant Child Support.