Local Government Support Research Articles

Holistic Learning Models in Remote Areas: Enhancing Student Motivation through Local Wisdom, Parental Collaboration, Teacher Capacity, and Government Support

Holistic Learning Models in Remote Areas: Enhancing Student Motivation through Local Wisdom, Parental Collaboration, Teacher Capacity, and Government Support

DEA와 SFA 모형을 이용한 한국 프로야구의 비용효율성 분석

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cost efficiency of Korean professional baseball(KBO) teams through Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA) and to examine its determinants.. In this study, we used 20 years of data from 2003 to 2022 for eight teams to examine the cost efficiency and its influencing factors of each team through DEA window analysis and SFA reflecting the time series. The empirical results showed that the cost efficiency of KBO teams is not high, but it is generally improving. Among them, the size of the stadium and the number of wins have a positive effect on cost efficiency, while the number of new stadiums and free agents has a negative effect on cost efficiency. In particular, the difference between the efficiency values derived from the two methods is quite large, which means that it is highly sensitive to external shocks due to the probable error. The fact that many teams react greatly to external shocks suggests that the support of parent companies and local governments greatly affects the sustainability of the teams due to the lack of self-reliance of the teams. In order to increase the self-reliance of KBO teams facing a new competitive environment after COVID-19, continuous efforts are needed to transform into solid companies, including positive external support and cooperation with local governments, as well as creating higher-quality cultural content and discovering diverse sources of revenue.

Challenges And Strategies For Implementing Performance-Based Capitation In Indonesian Community Health Center : A Scoping Review

This study examines the implementation and challenges of performance-based capitation (KBK) at Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) in Indonesia, as a part of the National Health Insurance Program, aiming to improve the efficiency and quality of primary health services. Despite its potential, the implementation of KBK faces various challenges including inadequate human resources, limited infrastructure, and insufficient monitoring systems. The study uses a scoping review framework based on the Public Health Care Monitoring Conceptual Framework by WHO, analyzing 11 selected studies from 2021 to 2024. Findings indicate that internal factors such as management capacity, health worker competence, and organizational culture significantly impact the effectiveness of KBK. External factors like local government support, funding policies, and infrastructure availability also play crucial roles. Technological barriers, particularly in remote areas, hinder optimal policy implementation. The study emphasizes the need for clear regulations, consistent policy dissemination, and effective monitoring to ensure successful KBK implementation. Recommendations include strengthening leadership, training health workers, improving infrastructure, and enhancing digital health technology utilization. These strategies aim to optimize resource allocation, enhance service access, and improve patient satisfaction in Indonesia’s primary health care system.

Analysis of BUMDes Business Development Program Implementation for Village Prosperity

The general background implementation of village-owned enterprises (BUMDes) is essential for promoting village prosperity through sustainable business development. The specific background this study specifically examines the operational effectiveness of BUMDes Sinar Mitra Gemilang within a local context. The knowledge gap despite the establishment of various business units, limited research evaluates the implementation strategies and outcomes of BUMDes programs, particularly regarding the challenges encountered during execution. The aims the aim of this study is to analyze the implementation of the BUMDes business development program, focusing on the factors influencing its success and the obstacles that hinder optimal performance. The results findings reveal that communication between BUMDes and the community is inadequate, human resources lack quantity despite being qualified, and community participation requires improvement. Additionally, the organizational structure is ineffective due to insufficient human resources. The novelty this study contributes to existing literature by applying Edward III's policy implementation theory and utilizing qualitative methods to provide insights into the practical aspects of BUMDes operations. The implications the implications highlight the need for enhanced communication, increased community engagement, and a stronger organizational framework to improve the overall effectiveness of BUMDes programs, ultimately aiming to enhance community welfare and ensure business sustainability. Highlights: Communication improves program effectiveness. Resource quality and quantity affect operations. Local government support enhances community engagement. Keywords: BUMDes, Implementation, Community Participation, Organizational Structure, Communication

DECENTRALIZATION DYNAMICS: ASSESSING LOCAL GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE IN LINGGA

This study examines the implementation of decentralization in Lingga, Indonesia, focusing on the performance of the local government (Pemda) and its impacts on community engagement and public service delivery. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, the research reveals both significant successes and ongoing challenges associated with decentralization. While increased local autonomy has fostered greater community participation and responsiveness to local needs, persistent issues such as financial dependency, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and geographic isolation hinder effective governance. The findings highlight disparities in public service access, particularly for marginalized communities in remote areas. The study contributes to the broader discourse on decentralization by emphasizing the need for context-specific policies that address local realities. Based on these insights, several policy recommendations are proposed, including enhanced financial support for local governments, capacity-building initiatives for local officials, and the development of inclusive governance mechanisms. These measures aim to strengthen the implementation of decentralization in Lingga, ensuring that it delivers equitable and effective governance outcomes for all residents.

Bridging the Gap: Reducing Health Inequities in Access to Preventive Health Care Services in Rural Communities in the Philippines.

We used an implementation science framework to investigate perceived health inequities in preventive health care initiatives in rural communities in the Philippines. We also identified health equity-focused quality improvement strategies. Three health care providers and 12 barangay clinic patients were interviewed. Patient interviews showed that social determinants of health, respect, and attitudes toward health care providers affected patient empowerment to engage in self-management for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Health care providers identified six challenges in managing NCDs: (a) inefficient work processes; (b) staffing shortages; (c) insufficient access to low-cost medications; (d) inadequate primary preventive health education from the schools; (e) health care not considered a priority; and (f) lack of local government support. Inadequate preventive health care and education intensify health access and resource inequities in rural communities in the Philippines. A multi-sectoral plan may improve rural health infrastructure and education toward improving health care access and decreasing care disparities.

Implementation of the Gianyar Aman Sejahtera Regional People's Business Credit Program (KURDA GAS) in Pre-Prosperous Community MSMEs

KURDA GAS was launched to help the community in obtaining capital without the need for collateral, especially for the underprivileged. The purpose of this study is to find out how the Implementation of the Gianyar Aman Sejahtera Regional People's Business Credit Program (KURDA GAS) in MSMEs of the Underprivileged Community. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method with an inductive approach. This research was conducted at PT. BPR Regional Bank Gianyar (Perseroda) The results of the study show several factors that cause the KURDA GAS program to not be maximized. Inhibiting Factors: Lack of Understanding and Knowledge, Complicated Administrative Procedures, Weak Business Capacity and Management, Limited Guarantees, Market Competition. Supporting Factors: Local Government Support, Training and Assistance Programs, Improved Economic Conditions, Partnerships with Financial Institutions, Infrastructure and Access to Technology.

Developing an institutional control framework for contaminated sites in China: An analytical case study

Institutional controls, as an important measure for risk management of contaminated sites, is widely used in site management by the United States, Canada and European countries. At present, some regions in China have also begun to explore the implementation of institutional controls, but its path, safeguard mechanism, and tracking evaluation are still unclear. Based on China's unique contaminated site remediation control system and land management system, this paper proposes a framework for the whole life cycle institutional controls of China's contaminated sites: (1) evaluate the need for institutional controls; (2) establish the objectives of institutional controls; (3) identify the restrictive requirements of institutional controls; (4) establish the implementation form of institutional controls; and (5) regularly review the effectiveness of institutional controls. To demonstrate the applicability of the institutional control framework, a case demonstration study was conducted at a petrochemical contaminated site in China. By analyzing the information on residual pollutants after the implementation of risk management measures at the site, the exposure pathways and hazards in case of re-release, and the engineering facilities, we proposed eight restrictive requirements, including the prohibition of disturbing and damaging the clean and planted soil layers of the site and the protection of long-term monitoring wells. At the same time, we constructed a multi-departmental pathway to implement institutional controls in conjunction with ecological environment, natural resources and housing departments to ensure effective implementation of institutional controls. Eventually, we summarized a set of replicable and generalizable institutional controls application models, which provide valuable theoretical and practical support for China and other local governments in the implementation of institutional controls at contaminated sites.

Birds, bees and CSR managers: why is biodiversity conservation challenging for companies?

Purpose The purpose of this study is to learn what kinds of obstacles Indian businesses face when trying to make biodiversity protection a top priority as part of their corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts. Interventions are proposed to elevate biodiversity protection to the ranks of CSR priorities among Indian businesses. Design/methodology/approach This study applies an interpretive phenomenological analysis strategy to glean information from in-depth interviews with leaders and professionals in CSR. Findings The findings of the study revealed that the main factors influencing Indian companies’ CSR area choices are existing processes and stakeholder pressures. Companies prioritise engaging with local communities and employees when selecting CSR activities. The major challenge is integrating biodiversity into business plans, with CSR heads struggling to secure investment due to long gestation periods and limited media coverage. Implementing agencies face issues with project deliverables, mainly due to land ownership and lack of local government support. Companies can also encourage employee involvement in pro-environmental behaviours. The study also provides practical solutions for Indian companies to enhance their CSR engagement in biodiversity conservation. Research limitations/implications The research only focuses on the opinions of CSR specialists and leaders, so it may only consider part of the situation’s complexity inside the organisation. The results may only apply to the business climate in India; hence, extra care is warranted when extrapolating them to other countries. Nonetheless, the study provides valuable insights into the interplay between CSR and biodiversity protection that might inform future studies and policy initiatives. Originality/value This research fills a gap in the literature by investigating an uncharted territory: the role of CSR in protecting biodiversity in India. Examining obstacles and variables affecting CSR objectives illuminates business involvement in biodiversity conservation. The recommended treatments have real-world consequences for improving CSR involvement in this critical area.

Evaluasi Hasil Pembangunan Penampungan Air Minum Masyarakat Desa Silima Banua Umbunasi Kecamatan Ulu Idanotae Kabupaten Nias Selatan

Access to clean water in Silima Banua Village is a quite complex problem. The government then carried out construction of community drinking water reservoirs. After construction was completed, research was carried out on drinking water reservoirs. This research examines the impact of the construction of drinking water reservoirs on the availability of clean water, public health and the quality of infrastructure in Silimabanua Umbunasi Village, South Nias Regency. Data was collected through surveys, interviews, and field observations to analyze changes in access to clean water before and after development, its impact on public health, and the physical quality of water reservoirs. The research results show a significant increase in the availability of clean water after construction, which positively affects public health. Apart from that, the physical quality of the water reservoir is assessed as meeting established standards. Community participation, local government support, and drinking water quality were also identified as important factors in the success of this project.

Growth Acceleration Strategy Sharia Regional Development Banks (BPD) In Indonesia

This study aims to formulate the core problem by choosing what is the best strategic alternative that can be taken by Islamic business units to accelerate the growth of the Islamic banking industry. By exploring aspects of internal and external problems. Then the solution from internal and external of various acceleration strategies based on expert opinion related to the phenomenon of the researcher's problem. This research methodology is descriptive qualitative with a quantitative approach and research using ANP (Analytic Network Process) analysis tools. In this study using experts totaling 5 people consisting of academics, practitioners and regulatory experts. The results of this study indicate that: 1). There are two main problems, namely external and internal problems. The most prioritized problem in determining the acceleration strategy is the external problem with an average combined value of 53%, while for the W (Rater Agreement) value of all respondents is 0.36. The most prioritized external problem is the problem of local government support with an average value of 35% with a Rater Agreement of all respondents of 0.64, while the priority problem in internal problems is the problem of capital. 2) for the most prioritized solution, namely the external solution with a combined average value of 54%, while for the W (Rater Agreement) value of all respondents is 1. In the most prioritized external solution, namely local government support, the W (Rater Agreement) value is 0.84. With an average value of 35%. 3. The most prioritized strategy is conversion with an average value of 26%, while for the marger, spin off and acquisition strategies it is around 25%, with a W (Rater Agreement) value of 0.46, meaning that the answers of the respondents have moderate agreement.

Product innovation, marketing strategies and local government support to handicraft industry in Ilocos Region: Inputs for local product development framework

Product innovation, marketing strategies and local government support to handicraft industry in Ilocos Region: Inputs for local product development framework

A comprehensive city-level final energy consumption dataset including renewable energy for China, 2005–2021

The role of China is increasingly pivotal in climate change mitigation, and the formulation of energy conservation and emission reduction policies requires city-level information. The effectiveness of national policy implementation is contingent upon the support and involvement of local governments. Accurate data on final energy consumption is vital to formulate and implement city-level energy transitions and energy conservation and emission reduction policies. However, there is a dearth of data sources pertaining to China’s city-level final energy consumption. To address these gaps, we developed computational modeling techniques along with top-down and downscaling methods to estimate China’s city-level final energy consumption. In this way, we compiled a final energy consumption inventory for 331 Chinese cities from 2005 to 2021, covering seven economic sectors, 30 fossil fuels, and four clean power sources. Moreover, we discussed the validity of the estimation results from multiple perspectives to enhance estimation accuracy. This dataset can be utilized for analysis in various cutting-edge research fields such as energy transition dynamics, transition risk management strategies, and policy formulation processes.

Pengembangan Ekonomi Berbasis Komunitas di Kelurahan Bugih Melalui Program Pengabdian Masyarakat

This community development programme (PKM) aims to improve the economic welfare of the community through participatory and empowerment approaches. Bugih Village, located in Pamekasan Sub-district, Pamekasan Regency, has the potential of natural resources that have not been optimally utilised and faces economic problems such as unemployment and low income. The programme began with the identification of local problems and potential, followed by activity planning and targeting of participants. The methods used include training in entrepreneurial skills, mentoring micro-enterprises, and providing access to capital, with active involvement of the community in each stage. The results of the programme show a significant impact on the community's economy, including an increase in income and a decrease in the unemployment rate. Residents who previously relied on informal employment are now able to run more productive micro-enterprises. The training and mentoring provided improved the technical skills and business knowledge of the community, enabling them to manage their businesses more effectively and compete in the market. The assisted micro-enterprises experienced increased production and sales, and gained better access to capital and technology. Analyses show the effectiveness of the participatory approach and empowerment strategies, despite barriers such as limited access to capital and resistance to change from some communities. Enabling factors for success include local government support and active participation of residents. The implications of the programme include strengthened social solidarity and improved local economic capacity, with the expectation that continued support from various parties will ensure the sustainability of the programme and a positive long-term impact on the well-being and economic independence of the community in Kelurahan Bugih.

Effective Packaging Design as an Empowerment Strategy for Household MSMEs: A Participatory Learning and Action Approach

Empowering Household Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is a primary focus in local economic development and community economics. One crucial aspect in enhancing the competitiveness and capabilities of Household MSMEs is effective packaging design. Packaging design is not merely about visual aesthetics but also about functionality and interaction with consumers. The Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) method is utilized to develop effective packaging designs, involving MSME actors, consumers, and other relevant parties. This PLA approach is expected to assist Household MSMEs in facing tight market competition. This research proposes community empowerment activities through the production of Rempeyek products in one of the MSMEs in Majalengka, using the PLA method. The success evaluation of the activities is conducted through the four-level evaluation model (Kirkpatrick), covering reaction, learning, behavior, and results. The evaluation results show an improvement in participants' knowledge, understanding, and skills in packaging design. The overall scores indicate that these activities successfully achieve the Kirkpatrick evaluation goals. Recommendations to enhance the implementation of this service development include increasing the capacity of project participants, addressing deeper issues, local government support, and support for domestic industries. This research demonstrates that training and mentoring in packaging design can provide significant benefits to Household MSMEs, enhancing product quality, market value, and competitiveness in a competitive market.

Results from the ENJOY MAP for HEALTH: a quasi experiment evaluating the impact of age-friendly outdoor exercise equipment to increase older people’s park visitations and physical activity

BackgroundRecreational parks can play a significant role in older people’s health, with emerging evidence suggesting that changes in the physical environment, such as refurbishments of local parks, can increase park visitations and physical activity engagement. The ENJOY MAP for HEALTH aimed to evaluate the impact of Seniors Exercise Park installations and associated capacity building activities on older people’s park visitation, and park-based physical activity.MethodThe ENJOY MAP for HEALTH was a quasi-experiment study design that involved the installation of specialised Seniors Exercise Park equipment as part of park refurbishment, supported by promotion and community capacity building activities in six municipalities in Victoria, Australia. Direct observations of park users took place prior to park upgrades, one-month post upgrade and 12-months from baseline. The overall number and characteristics of park visitors, and the type and level of physical activity undertaken, were summarised descriptively. Generalised linear models were used to examine the impact of park refurbishment (equipment installation and site activation) on the total number of older people observed in the park, and their engagement in physical activity, accounting for site and seasonal effects.ResultsOverall number of visits increased following park upgrades, with the largest number of visitors observed one-month post upgrade (n = 12,501). The proportion of older people observed at the parks remained relatively low prior to and one-month post upgrade compared to other age groups. However, after adjusting for site and seasonal effects, the number of older people observed in the parks increased significantly post upgrade and site activation compared to prior to the refurbishment (incidence rate ratios (IRR) 3.55; 95% CI 2.68, 4.70). The number of older people observed to be exercising at the Seniors Exercise Park also increased by 100% at 12-months post-installation relative to one-month post upgrade (IRR 2.00; 95% CI 1.26, 3.17).ConclusionInstallation of the Seniors Exercise Parks and the supportive programs and activities following six park upgrades resulted in an increase in older people’s park visitation and engagement in physical activity. Community engagement and training of volunteers with the support of local governments are likely to contribute to the increased park usage by older people.Trial registrationThis trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. Trial registration number ACTRN12621000965808. https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=380745&isReview=true.

Emergy-Theory-Based Evaluation of Typhoon Disaster Risk in China’s Coastal Zone

The evaluation of typhoon disaster risk is a widely discussed global topic. Currently, the index system method has become a common approach for the evaluation of typhoon disaster risk. However, the indices within the system are calculated independently, and subjective human factors significantly influence the assignment of index weights. The existing studies lack purely quantitative assessment methods, which makes the studies less precise and more difficult for other researchers to replicate. To bridge this gap, this study employs emergy analysis methods based on thermodynamics to develop a typhoon disaster risk evaluation index system for China’s coastal zone. Without the interference of weights and other human factors, the system contains various quantitative indices, including aggregate impelling energy, typhoon intensity emergy, adaptability emergy, the vulnerability index, and the integrated typhoon hazard index. Subsequently, these indices and socio-economic data were spatialized, and the evaluation of typhoon disaster risk was conducted at the city grid level in the coastal zone of China. The findings reveal that the high-risk areas for typhoon disasters in China are concentrated in prefecture-level cities along the southeast coast. The typhoon disaster risk index is higher in the southern region compared to the northern region, with a decreasing trend in the distribution of the integrated typhoon hazard index from coastal to inland areas. The aim of this study is to use a new quantitative evaluation method (emergy) to evaluate typhoon disasters. It also serves as a theoretical foundation and technical support for national and local governments in the formulation of policies for disaster prevention and reduction.

Service Readiness of Primary Health Care Facilities for Non-Communicable Diseases Management.

NCDs prevalence and associated risk factors impacts on the burden of disease and premature mortality. Effective NCD service delivery requires well equipped facilities with trained providers and resources. Evaluating readiness and its determinant is crucial for enhancing NCD management. The study examines readiness in primary health care facilities for managing non-communicable disease in Syangja district. A cross-sectional research was conducted among 117 Primary health care facility health workers in Nepal's Syangja District. The data was collected through face-to-face interviews using modified WHO-SARA tool. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationship between NCD readiness and its associated factors and multivariable logistic regression was utilized to determine the strength of the correlation. Only 6 percent of the healthcare facilities in Syangja district had developed the system for readiness against non-communicable diseases. The mean percentage scores for service-specific domains ranged from 40% to 58%, indicating variations in readiness across different domains mainly contributed by basic amenities and training. Approximately 80.3% of health facilities received support from the local government, while equipment or commodities support was provided to the third- quarter of the health facilities. Total service readiness was very low in the diagnostic and medicine facilities of Syangja. It demonstrates that there is a discrepancy between the present situation of the incremental trend of NCDs and the related level of service preparedness in primary health care settings. The development of the service readiness mechanism is imperative considering the increasingprevalence of non-communicable diseases in Syangja.

Wpływ kryzysu finansowego na dochody gmin miejskich w Polsce – doświadczenia pandemii COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to grave economic consequences, especially for the public finance sector, both at the central and local government level. The aftermath of the pandemic-induced crisis began to be felt particularly by local government units (LGUs), which are responsible for the implementation of most public tasks at local level. As a consequence, the role of budget planning increases and the rationalization of public expenditure in response to declining revenues becomes important. This paper is in line with the ongoing discussion on the implications of the COVID-19-induced crisis. Two research goals were formulated. The former was to assess the effects of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on budget revenues and indirectly on the financial standing of Polish urban municipalities, and the latter was to identify changes in the structure of urban municipalities budgets in Poland as a consequence of the pandemic. For the needs of the study, we used an indicator analysis of urban municipalities budgets, which allows for a synthetic determination of the financial condition and verification of development decisions. The aim of the research was achieved by analyzing the dynamics of indicators that characterize urban municipalities budget revenue in Poland. The scope of research covered the years 2010–2022. The results and the formulated practical recommendations constitute a complementation of the research on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic for public finance, in particular the finances of local government units. The analyses demonstrate a shift in the urban municipalities revenue structure in Poland, which is the effect of a decreased share of own revenue, especially tax revenue, and an increase in the share of transfer revenue. This was due to three factors. Two of them were directly related to the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e 1) reduction in tax revenue (mainly from shares in PIT) as a result of the lockdown and the economic crisis; 2) options of support for local governments in the form of increasing transfer revenue. The third factor that contributed to the decline in own revenue are changes unrelated to the pandemic. These include, for example, changes in personal income tax or changes in the “Family 500+” programme.

How can a balanced ecosystem of technology, collaboration and innovation build greener airports? The case study of Groningen Airport Eelde

This paper discusses Groningen Airport Eelde’s (GRQ) transition to sustainable aviation, emphasising its commitment to minimising environmental impact while enhancing regional connectivity. It details GRQ’s initiatives, collaborations and future plans, showcasing how the airport leverages its unique position to spearhead the adoption of sustainable technologies, particularly in hydrogen. Through collaboration, innovation and strategic partnerships, GRQ aims to lead the way towards a more sustainable aviation future. GRQ’s commitment to minimising environmental impacts aligns with community interests, maintaining local trust and government support. By 2030, GRQ aims for a fully emission-free ground operation. The airport has successfully implemented a 22MW airside solar park and is now pioneering a comprehensive hydrogen ecosystem, aiming to become Europe’s first Hydrogen Valley Airport. Despite challenges in funding and legislation, GRQ advises other airports to build consortia, connect with regional partners and prioritise sustainability.