Concept Of Supply Chain Management Research Articles

The Potential of ICT Adoption in Promoting Sustainable and Resilient Supply Chains: Evidence from Greek Logistics Firms

The logistics sector is undergoing a sustainable and resilient transformation guided by the concepts of green supply chain management (GSCM) and supply chain resilience (SCR). While the existing literature posits ICT technologies as individual enablers that enhance organizational performance in areas like sustainable operations, resource economization and organizational resilience, a gap remains in comprehending the nuanced role of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in linking GSCM and SCR outcomes. This research delves into how top management perceives the alignment of ICT adoption with GSCM and SCR objectives within logistics firms. Data were gathered from 53 managers in Greek logistics firms. After utilizing factor analysis, the findings indicate that (1) a significant correlation exists between GSCM/SCR states and ICT adoption; (2) firms with higher ICT adoption rates more effectively address GSCM and SCR challenges; and (3) notably, larger firms with more resources have a slight edge over smaller counterparts with less focus on ICT. Policymakers and industry leaders in the logistics sector can leverage these insights to prioritize ICT-related initiatives, especially in regions with similar contexts to Greece.

Analysis of management of logistics supply chain in the context of strategic development of business processes

The purpose of the study is to analyze the transformation of business processes through the prism of the implementation of the concept of supply chain management. The enterprise management theories are considered, focusing on the process approach based on the methodological basis of managing the organization as a set of business processes. The latter was studied from the point of view of critical characteristics that concentratedly reflect the purpose of business processes, their systemic connection, target orientation, measurability, the interdependence of "inputs" and "outputs," and managerial aspects of coordination. The advantages of the process approach to the organization and management of business processes have been identified. Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic scientific literature, a conclusion was made about the shift in the long-term orientation of business entities towards the formation of common advantages through the implementation of methodological concepts of management of logistics supply chains, which are implemented in three levels - as a management philosophy, as a set of measures at the tactical level, as a set of operational layer tools. The elements of the relationship between business process management and logistics supply chain management are revealed, including strategic coordination, information technologies involving external IT interfaces, process orientation reflecting the flow of value creation, and employee empowerment. The supply chain is presented in terms of a business process that connects different enterprises. The algorithm for ensuring emergencyness based on implementing a process-oriented management system with a reflection of the flow of value creation has been studied. The reengineering of business processes, which is a response to the challenges of the external environment, is disclosed in the context of considering the key characteristics of the essence of the business process and the need for integration within the framework of logistics supply chains, including integrity, communicability, autonomy, orderliness, stability, manageability. Keywords: analysis, management, logistics supply chain, strategic development, business processes.

PENGARUH STRATEGIC ORIENTATION, GOVERMENT REGULATION, DAN REVERSE LOGISTICS TERHADAP GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PADA PT XYZ

Companies are required to apply the concept of green supply chain management to minimize environmental pollution which is increasingly polluted. This study aims to determine the influence of strategic orientation, government regulation and reverse logistics on green supply chain management at PT XYZ as one of the companies that applies the concepts of strategic orientation, government regulation and reverse logistics in its production process. This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and associative research design with a sample of 127 respondents. The instrument used by researchers is a questionnaire. Quality testing on research instruments is a test of validity and reliability. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis, while for hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression. The results of this study explain that there is a positive and significant relationship between strategic orientation, government regulation and reverse logistics towards green supply chain management with a correlation coefficient value. This analysis was only conducted on one company and did not take into account other variables or moderator variables that affect green supply chain management.

Supply Chain and Logistics Management Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications By Information Resources Management Association

Supply Chain and Logistics Management Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications By Information Resources Management Association

A literature review on the effect of environmental orientation on firm performance, mediating factor of green supply chain management and electronic transaction levy

The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the relationship between environmental orientation and Green Supply Chain Management, as well as their impact on company performance. It investigates the role of Green Supply Chain Management in mediating the link between environmental orientation and company performance. The review will begin with a thorough discussion of theoretical concepts of environmental orientation and Green Supply Chain Management. It will then investigate the relationship between environmental orientation and Green Supply Chain Management, as well as how it influences business performance. Heading on, it is more likely to investigate the impact of outside environmental focus on firm environmental selection, monitoring, and collaboration, followed by the impact of internal environmental orientation on these three components of Green Supply Chain Management. An investigation on the effect of environmental selection, monitoring, and collaboration on firms' sustainability performance will be reviewed. On the other hand, it will assess the mediating role of Green Supply Chain Management on the relationship between environmental orientation and firm performance. It will additionally look at the mediating role of environmental selection, monitoring, and collaboration on the relationship between external and internal environmental orientation and firm performance. The moderating effect of corporate environmental reactiveness on the link between environmental orientation and Green Supply Chain Management is an essential part of this paper, whereas, exploring the role of government regulation and consumer sensitivity in shaping the link between environmental orientation and Green Supply Chain Management will also be reviewed. It will then investigate the effect of Electronic Transaction Levy (E-Levy) on the impact of Green Supply Chain Management on firm performance. Studies have demonstrated that Green Environmental Orientation has a positive influence on Green Supply Chain Management procedures, which results in sustainable business performance

Evaluation of Suppliers in the Implementation of Sustainable Supply Chains for the Apparel Industry in Indonesia

In the context of globalization, the development and management of operations related to products and services are becoming more complex, stakeholders are demanding and aware of the challenges of sustainability along the supply chain. One of them is the clothing industry which is a global industry that provides basic human needs and is one of the industrial sectors that has an impact on the environment and society. To address the risk and opportunity issues of sustainability from an industry and value chain perspective, apply the concept of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). This study aims to design an instrument in the form of a minimum standard to measure supplier performance and analyze it. Using a qualitative analysis method resulting from due diligence on suppliers with a total of 77 question points consisting of 23 questions on the environmental dimension, 23 questions on the social dimension related to employment, and 26 questions related to governance. The results show that 3 suppliers are at the High-performance level, 4 companies are in the Medium-performance category, 5 are companies with low performance and 1 company is in the very low category. By categorizing the highest total gain of ESG, namely 100%, and the lowest score of 34.62%. This value indicates the level of compliance with the minimum standards set. Recommendations for Further Research An even number of due diligence is carried out for categories in the fashion industry (clothing, hats, bags, footwear). The aspects and weights of each of these sustainability aspects can be re-analyzed if used for other types of industries outside the fashion industry.

Ransys Partners Ltd: digitalizing supply chain

Learning outcomes The case depicts an opportunity for undergraduate and postgraduate students to be exposed to the basic digitization of supply chain management, technology adoption, change management and cost-benefit analysis concepts. The study aims to encourage them to use the data given in the case and exhibits to compare and contrast physical and digital supply chains (SC); design the digitized version of the traditional SC; examine the nitty-gritty of technology adoption in the SC context; develop the change management plans for the successful adoption and implementation of SC digitization; design the risk register and Explore the business process management; and conduct the return on investment analysis. Case overview/synopsis Amber Yen, Chief Operating Officer Apparel Sourcing at Ransys Partners Ltd (RSL), was presented with the task of reducing physical sample production cost and time without impeding order pipeline. RSL was experiencing significant capacity constrain during the COVID-19 crisis, failing to deliver physical samples to international brands. To win large export orders, RSL had to adopt a new innovative way to reduce the sample approval process while meeting customer requirements. Ms Yen wanted to convert the entire sample approval process into a digital mode. She was facing multiple challenges related to the design, implementation and adoption of the digital sample approval process to coordinate the entire SC. She had limited time and was grappling with other impending constraints such as increasing cost, intense competition, demanding customers, shortage of labor due to COVID-19, reducing the bottom line. It was her time to test the idiom “necessity is the mother of innovation”. Complexity academic level The target audience for this case is management or business school students. This case can be used to teach digitization of SC, operations management, organization behavior, digitization of enterprises, IT for business, new service development, supplier management technology adoption, and change management in management or business schools. Supplementary material Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 9: Operations and Logistics.

RETRACTED: Indigenous businesses in Australia: A supply chain management perspective

The article presents the current position of supply chain management (SCM) of indigenous businesses in Australia and the approaches to connect it to the broader business. A comprehensive literature review was carried out on SCM of indigenous business practices across four organisations identified in the Whanu Binal Entrepreneur Programme. A deductive approach was used in analysing the literature to express the business operations of four organisations in SCM concepts and theoretical perspectives. Indigenous businesses are managing their SCs without formally addressing the tools, techniques and systems, and are of small scale often less than AUD 5.0 million. The mainstream businesses with less than 5 million sales were found to have SC collaboration, and tools and systems used in the SCs. Indigenous businesses are strongly guided by its culture, supported by the Yarning in transferring knowledge across different generations of women supported by the Indigenous Standpoint Theory (IST). JEL Classification: J15, L26, L60

The Importance of Logistics 4.0 within the Scope of Industry 4.0: Evaluation of Logistics 4.0 in an Enterprise in Terms of Sustainability

Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0 are highly scientifically significant terms. They are linked to the common trend of digitization, virtualization and networking of data and information. Logistics 4.0 is part of Industry 4.0 and will support the development of Industry 4.0. It is clear that there is no Industry 4.0 without Logistics 4.0. Industry 4.0 has impacted not only the industrial environment but all related sectors, including services and logistics, and the change is expected to continue. The logistics sector has an important role in the entire Supply chain of industrial processes and therefore changing needs in the industrial environment directly affect the logistics sector. This research provides a basis for examining the definitions and content of Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0 in detail. Due to the increasing supply and demand in Supply chains today, one of the most important tasks in future supply chain planning will be to provide flexibility while avoiding complexity and uncertainty. One of the most important prerequisites for supply chain flexibility is the development of network-based collaborations and the use of Industry 4.0 applications. Within the scope of this research, a literature review including the concepts of Sustainability, Industry 4.0, Logistics 4.0 and Supply Chain Management was conducted. Sample application studies on this subject were examined. Depending on the characteristics obtained and prepared as a result of the researches carried out depending on the purpose of the study, the development model offered by a company and the development model offered by white goods manufacturers are compared in terms of sustainability. In this context, suggestions are made in terms of Sustainable Logistics 4.0. In this study, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied in an integrated manner to the decision-making problem within the scope of sustainable logistics 4.0 through the criteria of Logistics 4.0 service offerings integrated with the dimensions known as sustainable indicators (economic, environmental and social) depending on the development of production, manufacturing, investment, value chain, strategic service, functional service and quality control for a company-enterprise operating in the Marmara region among the white goods manufacturers in Turkey.

THE CONCEPT OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The purpose of the article is to identify the main strategic directions of the development of agricultural enterprises using methodological approaches to the concept of supply chain management. The main direction of business process reengineering in the conditions of modern competitive interaction is the entry into the zone of inter-company relations, to the level of coordination of the activities of enterprises – elements of creating added value with the aim of working out a joint strategy within the framework of creating value for the end consumer. Aspects of digitalization of supply chain management processes are considered, highlighting Blockchain as a promising direction of digitalization within the framework of monitoring the movement of goods from the first resource level to the final consumer, conducting financial transactions, and identifying users. The process approach is integrated with the concept of value chain management. This led to the selection of the “previous types of activities” and “subsequent types of activities” segments in view of the focus on the agrarian enterprise as a focal element. Measures to overcome the current problems of the functioning of logistics supply chains in the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy are summarized, including reengineering the export infrastructure system (creating a diversified logistics system resistant to external challenges), diversification of the activities of agricultural enterprises within the framework of optimization of the business process implementation model by supplementing the chain of creation of added value with previous and subsequent types of activities within the framework of integrated agricultural structures in order to reduce the impact of the external environment (in practice, the presented strategy is implemented through vertical integration “from the bottom up”). The positive effects of vertical integration in the agricultural sector, consisting of the optimization of business processes, are highlighted: reduced dependence on foreign markets, reduction of total costs due to the coverage of logistics processes, optimization of the range of finished products by lengthening value-added chains; formation and rational use of investment funds in view of losses as a result of military actions.

Halal Supply Chain on Food Products: Evidence From Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School, Ngabar Ponorogo

ntroduction: This article aims to describe halal supply chain management implementation at the Wali Songo Ngabar Islamic Boarding School. Halal supply chain management is essential to ensure the halalness of a product, including food products. Research Methods: This research was qualitative-field research. Data was obtained from the management of PT Ngabar Mandiri Sejahtera, boarding school caretakers, and consumers. The data were analyzed using the concept of halal supply chain management. Results: PT Ngabar Mandiri Sejahtera has carried out a halal supply chain management process. These processes are halal procurement, halal manufacturing, halal distribution, and halal logistics. Conclusion: PT Ngabar Mandiri Sejahtera has carried out the halal supply chain management process, although some processes have not been maximized. Some programs to maximize the implementation of halal supply chain management are socialization and educating producers on the importance of halal certification, and facilitating halal certification programs for producers.

Saving Concepts in Supply Chain Management: A Study on Inventory and Transportation Costs

Supply chain is a systematic and strategic coordination of the traditional business function to across business function within supply chain for the purpose of improving the long-term performance of the business. The objective of the paper is to understand the saving concepts are used in operational path to achieve optimization in term of cost saving. Business nowadays going towards to minimizing the operational in order to compete with others The purpose is to achieve the minimization in inventory routing problem (IRP) with cost minimization consists inventory and transportation costs focus on the single warehouse with multiple customers. The operational costs can be reduced by solving the inventory management and transportation process for vehicle to replenish the inventory. In this paper, a mathematical model was developed and simulated by using an optimization software package to achieve the optimization. The findings show that the optimization can be achieved by reducing the movement of the vehicle To conclude, the bigger the vehicle’s capacity, much capacity can add and less routes taken by the vehicle to supply the inventory to the customers.

Big Data Analytics and Machine Learning in Supply Chain 4.0: A Literature Review

Owing to the development of the technologies of Industry 4.0, recent years have witnessed the emergence of a new concept of supply chain management, namely Supply Chain 4.0 (SC 4.0). Huge investments in information technology have enabled manufacturers to trace the intangible flow of information, but instruments are required to take advantage of the available data sources: big data analytics (BDA) and machine learning (ML) represent important tools for this task. Use of advanced technologies can improve supply chain performances and support reaching strategic goals, but their implementation is challenging in supply chain management. The aim of this study was to understand the main benefits, challenges, and areas of application of BDA and ML in SC 4.0 as well as to understand the BDA and ML techniques most commonly used in the field, with a particular focus on nonparametric techniques. To this end, we carried out a literature review. From our analysis, we identified three main gaps, namely, the need for appropriate analytical tools to manage challenging data configurations; the need for a more reliable link with practice; the need for instruments to select the most suitable BDA or ML techniques. As a solution, we suggest and comment on two viable solutions: nonparametric statistics, and sentiment analysis and clustering.

Analyzing the critical success factors to implement green supply chain management in the apparel manufacturing industry: Implications for sustainable development goals in the emerging economies

Green supply chain management (GSCM) is an emerging concept of modern supply chain management (SCM) that integrates eco-friendly and ethical environmental concerns with the traditional supply chain by reducing the negative impacts of unsustainable manufacturing practices. Developed countries have already adopted different sustainable SCM practices. However, despite being one of the significant sources of export earnings in emerging economies like Bangladesh, the apparel manufacturing industry is still lagging in the case of GSCM implementation. This study, thereby, utilized an integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, including gray theory and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method to identify, prioritize, and examine the relations among the critical success factors (CSFs) to implement GSCM practices in the Bangladeshi apparel manufacturing industry. The study initially identified the CSFs from the literature review. After expert validation, sixteen significant CSFs were finally analyzed by the gray-DEMATEL method. The findings revealed that 'demand from buyers', 'economic and tax benefits', and 'government rules and regulations' are the three most prominent CSFs to implement GSCM practices in the apparel manufacturing industry. The cause-effect relations among the CSFs were later explored, which indicated 'Economic and tax benefits' to be the most influencing and 'Supplier training and cooperation' to be the most influenced CSF. The study insights can potentially guide apparel industry managers in successfully implementing GSCM practices toward achieving long-term sustainability and sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Moderating role of green knowledge sharing and employee green behavior among the relationship of green supply chain management, green entrepreneurship, and sustainable development goal: evidence from Vietnam textile sector.

Green knowledge sharing and behaviors are vital for organizations to implement green supply chain management and promote green entrepreneurship. These solutions support firms to understand market and customer needs through which they are able to carry out the practices which strengthen their sustainability. By realizing the significance, the research develops a model which integrates the concept of green supply chain management, green entrepreneurship, and sustainable development goals. The framework also builds to evaluate the moderating role of green knowledge sharing and employee green behavior. Proposed hypotheses are tested in the sample Vietnamese textile managers, and PLS-SEM methodology was employed to evaluate the model reliability, validity, and association among constructs. Generated results reveal the positive impact of green supply chain and green entrepreneurship on sustainable environment, and results also reveal that green knowledge sharing and employee green behavior both have the potential of being a moderator which enhances the relationship among outlined constructs. The revelation provides important insights for organizations to look into these parameters in order to achieve sustainability in a longer run.

Evaluation of the international customs interaction effectiveness by the mirror comparison method of statistical data on foreign trade

Most of the strategic directions for improving customs administration in the Russian Federation, due to their specifics, involve interaction with the customs authorities of foreign states. The article discusses approaches to assessing the effectiveness of interstate customs interaction as a sub-type of the Russian customs service activity. The urgency of the problem lies in the fact that the basis of interstate customs interaction is the principle of minimizing possible customs risks. At the same time, the existing system of indicators used to evaluate the activities of customs authorities does not reflect the effectiveness of interaction in terms of the administration of these risks. The purpose of the study is to consider a process approach to assessing the effectiveness of customs cooperation in the concept of supply chain management. This approach involves an analysis of the activities of not a separate national customs administration, but an assessment of the integration of the actions of states in the context of concluded agreements on cooperation in the field of customs. A cross-border supply chain, according to the author, can have varying degrees of efficiency depending on the type of behavior of national customs administrations within it. The task of the study is to analyze the indicators of Russian and Chinese customs statistics of mutual trade by comparing “mirror” data on export-import transactions, extrapolating the trend of discrepancies to the dynamics of the development of customs cooperation between Russia and China, identifying elements that affect the gaps in mirror data. The results obtained suggest that, given a fairly definite and stable list of reasons for the discrepancies in the data of “mirror” customs statistics, their composition and degree of impact are different in each period of time and are a reflection of the level of interaction between the customs administrations of Russia and China. To verify the proposed approach, the trend of deviations of regional “mirror” statistics of bilateral trade between China and Russia is analyzed in the context of the cooperation key projects development between the Russian Far East and China customs administrations.

A Comprehensive Review of the Integration of Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management

This paper reviews the concept of Supply Chain Management (SCM) and provides an introduction to the use of blockchain technology in SCM. SCM involves the coordination and control of operations related to the production and delivery of goods and services to clients. The traditional SCM model has been facing challenges, including a lack of transparency, inefficiency, and increased costs. Blockchain technology offers a promising solution to these challenges by providing a secure, decentralized, and transparent platform for the management of supply chain operations. This paper highlights the key features of blockchain technology and how it can be applied in the SCM business model. The use of blockchain can improve the efficiency of supply chain processes, reduce costs, increase transparency, and enhance trust among supply chain partners. The paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of implementing blockchain in SCM and provides recommendations for future research.

ДО ПИТАННЯ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЛАНЦЮГА ПОСТАЧАННЯ В АСПЕКТІ АУТСОРСИНГУ І ЛОГІСТИЧНОГО ОПЕРАТОРА

The article reveals the relevance of using new approaches to managing the processes of supply, production and marketing of final products based on the concept of supply chain management with the involvement of outsourcing elements. The main reasons that motivate enterprises to use outsourcing are highlighted. The main types of outsourcing of logistics services are presented and its advantages and disadvantages are outlined, with an emphasis on the key elements of outsourcing and the involvement of representatives of the logistics environment in this process. The practical aspect of outsourcing through service providers: logistics operators of different levels is revealed. Special attention is focused on third-level logistics operators, with a comprehensive delineation of the services they provide. The factors exerting a significant influence on the cost structure of logistics operator services are presented. Additionally, the components of an advanced infrastructure aimed at providing high-quality services are elucidated. The article outlines a number of reasons that impede the active development of outsourcing in Ukraine, while emphasising the positive elements of its use in Western Europe. However, despite the consequences of the pandemic and military operations in Ukraine, the author identifies a number of logistics operators that successfully operate in the market. In particular, the logistics operator Nova Poshta, which provides a wide range of logistics services (cargo delivery, courier services, express delivery), has a number of positive aspects: a wide network of branches (more than 200 thousand branches throughout Ukraine, operates in several European countries), developed logistics infrastructure (has its own vehicle fleet, warehouses and other logistics facilities), innovative technologies, experienced staff (quality customer service). The report also describes the activities of logistics operators Deliveri and Raben, which managed not only to maintain their competitive positions but also to increase cargo turnover compared to the previous period due to favourable tariffs, quality service, and safety. The article underscores the essential role of logistics operators in providing critical support during times of military conflict within Ukraine.

The Research on Decisions of Carbon Neutral Technology in A Retailer-led Green Supply Chain Based on Cost Reduction and Carbon Trading

In this paper, based on the concept of green supply chain management, we construct a two-level supply chain game model consisting of an upstream manufacturer and a downstream retailer, where the downstream retailer is the leader and the upstream manufacturer is the follower. In addition, the upstream manufacturer in this model invests in carbon-neutral technology innovations that reduce production costs, lower carbon emissions, and increase market demand for their products. Based on this game model, the optimal equilibrium outcome of the supply chain is solved, and the influences of the carbon-neutral sensitivity coefficient, the investment coefficient for carbon-neutral technology innovation, carbon emission reduction efficiency, and the carbon-neutral technology cost reduction efficiency on the operation decision of supply chain firms are examined. The results show that (1) the consumer carbon neutrality sensitivity factor has a positive impact on the carbon neutral strategy, product ordering, and performance of supply chain firms. (2) The investment factor of carbon-neutral technology innovation hurts the carbon-neutral decision, product ordering, and performance of supply chain firms, while the pricing strategy also has a positive correlation impact with the carbon-neutral sensitivity factor of consumers as the carbon-neutral technology innovation investment factor increases. (3) The cost reduction efficiency of carbon-neutral technologies promotes carbon-neutral decisions, product ordering, and performance of supply chain firms. However, the pricing strategy is also closely related to market size and correlates negatively. (4) The carbon emission reduction efficiency per unit product is positively correlated with the carbon neutral decision, product ordering, and performance of supply chain firms, while the pricing strategy is also linked to market size and has a negative correlation.

Performance of green supply chain management: Investigating the role of reverse logistics and green procurement aspects in SMEs

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the performance of Reverse Logistics and Green Supply Chain Management, to analyze the relationship between Green Procurement Aspects and the performance of Green Supply Chain Management. This research method is quantitative, the analysis of research data uses the partial least square structural equation model (SEM-PLS) with a statistical data processing tool, namely SmartPLS 4.0 software. Research data was obtained by distributing online questionnaires through social media designed using a Likert scale of 7. Respondents in this study were 670 SMEs owners in Java Island, Indonesia. The stages of data analysis are validity test, reliability test and significance test or hypothesis test. The results of this study indicate that Reverse Logistics has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Green Supply Chain Management, Green Procurement Aspects has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Green Supply Chain Management. The novelty of this study is the relationship model between Reverse Logistics variables, the performance of Green Supply Chain Management and Green Procurement in SMEs which was not found in previous studies. Culinary SMEs are expected to be able to participate in supporting environmentally sound development. This is because the concept of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is a concept that aims to minimize the negative impact of an organization and its supply chain on the environment related to climate change, pollution and resources that are not too large. In order to support GSCM, it is necessary to evaluate the extent to which this concept is carried out by Culinary SMEs. By conducting this evaluation, it is hoped that the constraints and obstacles faced by SMEs in carrying out GSCM can be identified. For this reason, it is necessary to have support from related parties, in this case the government, to conduct socialization and counseling and assistance in implementing GSCM.