Supply Chain Integration Performance Research Articles

Evaluating Supply Chain Performance through Financial Metrics: A Study in a Manufacturing Industry

This empirical study is based on primary data emphasizing the importance of evaluating supply chain performance through financial metrics, each activity within the supply chain directly impacts both the top line and bottom line of a business. In today's challenging business environment, organizations must prioritize monitoring their financial performance to ensure enduring resilience. The economy of Bangladesh has encountered turbulence due to disruptions such as the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing global political unrest. These occurrences have significantly impacted the business landscape, resulting in uncertainties in both demand and supply, shifts in consumer purchasing patterns, and notable increases in the prices of essential commodities and raw materials, therefore, the overall cost of business has risen. This study investigates the consequences of various disruptions, both internal and external, on the economy, adversely affecting organizations. The ability of an organization to withstand such challenges depends on maintaining robust financial and operational performance. Given the persistent global upheaval, there is a compelling need for an innovative approach to enhance supply chain optimizations, overall operational efficiency, and meticulous budget control and variance analysis aligned with financial planning. This is crucial at a substantial level to ensure positive entries in the profit and loss account and maintain a healthy cash flow statement. This study is done based on twenty-four (24) manufacturing sectors of Bangladesh. To address these challenges, the study advocates an Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model. This model contributes to academia through a novel approach, demonstrating its effectiveness by employing ten attributes to evaluate supply chain performance, with a specific focus on the financial performance termed Financial Health (FH), an attribute to measure supply chain performance in an organization. The study further elaborates Financial Health attributes into five key Performance Measurement Index (PMI) which are Economic Performance, Cost, Budget Variance, Inventory, and Planning Variance —within the context of manufacturing operations, providing insights into various facets of their impact. The study significantly contributes to the industry for practitioners by bringing synergy into the framework and performance measurement attributes, ultimately adding value to the manufacturing industry.

Warehouse Operations in Bangladesh – Challenges and It’s Future Prospects

This study investigates the challenges and opportunities surrounding warehouse operations in Bangladesh, encompassing both the manufacturing and service sectors. This paper demonstrates above mentioned scenario in the context of supply chain management (SCM). Despite enduring a series of disruptions, including the pandemic and geopolitical tensions, notably the situation between Ukraine and Russia, the Bangladeshi economy has displayed remarkable resilience. In the fiscal year 2019-20, there was a significant decline in GDP growth, dropping from 7.88 percent in the pre-pandemic year to 3.45 percent. However, there was a notable resurgence in GDP growth, surging to 6.94 percent in FY 2020-21 and further rising to 7.10 percent in FY 2021-22. Unfortunately, the economic growth for FY 2022-23 has been impeded by the Russia-Ukraine crisis. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of an economy is a composite of contributions from three key sectors: agriculture, industry, and services. As the economic landscape evolves, the significance of the agriculture sector diminishes, while the industrial sector gains prominence. This research is developed based on primary and secondary data sources, encompassing online databases, journals, review papers, and more. The primary data collection includes a comprehensive survey questionnaire completed by 207 respondents from 24 industrial sectors in Bangladesh. The study addresses multiple challenges faced by warehouse operations and offers recommendations for best practices and a strategic way forward in the global arena for Bangladesh, where priorities such as achieving net-zero emissions, sustainability, and the adoption of lean warehouse operations are paramount. Furthermore, the study advocates for the implementation of the Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model, along with its ten attributes, as an integral component of adopting global best practices for practitioners, which would unlock further research to develop this sector.

Supply Chain Resilience during Disruption: A Study on Supply Chain Performance Measurement

The study demonstrates the Pandemic COVID 19, and the Ukraine & Russia wars as devastating, which have distracted and made imbalanced to the rhythm of any business irrespective of the regions and the borders. The present disruption emphasizes the urgency to improve SCM optimization, manage risk, and be resilient in SCM operations at a significant level. The study unlocks Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model through ten supply chain (SC) performance measurement attributes and elaborates on the urgency of resilience in global supply chain operations. The study further stretches the four-performance measurement index of supply chain (SC) resilience to measure risk management at the end-to-end SCM. The ISCPM model was verified in the Bangladesh manufacturing industry through 24 sectors. The procedure was simple random sampling. This study significantly contributes to academia as well as in the industry through ten performance measurement attributes and the framework along with the performance measurement attributes.

Embedding attributes towards the supply chain performance measurement

Dependency on the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model is inadequate in the context of sustainability, environment, and other multiple factors along with the changes in the market dynamics. As a result, performance evaluation through a holistic approach in the manufacturing industry is not comprehensive. Therefore, a Supply Chain Performance Measurement (SCPM) is required to assess the supply chain's effectiveness. This research formulates Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model through the supply chain performance attributes in the outlook of input-process-output considering the BSC and the SCOR model at three decisions levels with an application of quantitative techniques to bring synergic effect to all stakeholder issues. A gap analysis was performed through systematic literature reviews. The integrated supply chain performance measurement model incorporates ten supply chain performance measurement attributes supplier relationship management (SRM), internal supply chain management (ISCM), and customer relationship management (CRM). The model was then tested from the various sectors in the manufacturing industry of Bangladesh, through a simple random sampling. The ISCPM model furnishes stakeholders of the manufacturing supply chain with the appropriate strategies to review and appraise their performance toward fulfillment of the ultimate goals. This model is suggested to be implemented in manufacturing industries to improve their operational performance. The study contributes to academia developing the ISCPM model with ten performance measurement attributes that enrich the literature on SCPM. It also contributes to the industry for practitioners by bringing synergy into the framework and performance measurement attributes which eventually upgrade the prosperity of the manufacturing industry and eventually the society.

Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement Model for the Manufacturing Industry

This study investigated supply chain performance measurement for the manufacturing industry based on the primary and the secondary data and developed Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model through the supply chain performance attributes in the outlook of input-process-output considering the BSC and the SCOR model at three decisions levels. In the context of the current market dynamics and uncertainties, companies need to upgrade and prepare for resilient supply chain operations, identify the gaps in new normal especially after the pandemic COVID 19, and way forward to address how companies will be organized to handle the strategic supply chain issues and maneuver promptly to ensure a smooth and flawless operation which is extremely challenging in this unpredictable moment. The integrated model incorporates ten supply chain performance measurement attributes and thirty-six performance measurement indexes as supplier relationship management (SRM), internal supply chain management (ISCM), and customer relationship management (CRM). Finally, the ISCPM model reviews and appraise the operational performance of an organization.

Global Supply Chain Disruption Management Post Covid 19

This study demonstrates this pandemic as absolute catastrophic, which has distracted the overall supply chain activities, with significant shortcomings for businesses, consumers, and the overall global economy. Though in a regular time, it has been extremely challenging to ensure seamless supply chain operations, and senior management had to struggle to respond to critical uncertainties to protect their employees, safeguard supply security, alleviate the financial collision, tackle reputational risks, and steer the market uncertainty. The life-threatening virus has not only caused disaster in our healthcare system but also has destroyed the global economy. During this global economic turbulence, the world’s economy, including Bangladesh’s economy uncovers itself in an unbearable state, particularly due to slumping apparel exports, declining remittances, increasing job losses, and unpredictable consumer demand. Even before the pandemic, managing seamless supply chain operations were highly challenging and stressful. For many years, multinational corporations pursued to aggressively optimize cost through economies of scale, frequently by relocating production facilities to lower-cost labor regions—opted at the expense of other critical supply chain attributes like flexibility and agility. In the meantime, enterprises and governments have occupied in business continuity and resilient supply chain management planning exercises in recent years, outdated risk management undertakings have largely involved responding to national events relating to a specific geography or sector. The current global disruptions emphasize the importance of a new paradigm to improve supply chain resilience at a significant level. Finally, the study classified ten supply chain performance measurement attributes to diagnose the performance and efficiency of an organization. This study illustrates critical challenges and the urgency of the revalidation to be needed in our strategic framework, thus the study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive performance measurement attributes. This study also demonstrates an Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model connected to these attributes that can supersede the currently practiced models which are not sufficient to address all the issues in the current context.

Constructing Performance Measurement Index for the Manufacturing Industry: An Empirical Study

Studies have been carried out along with literature on supply chain performance, yet manufacturing companies fail to attain a precise performance measurement evaluation due to a lack of an Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model and knowledge in the manufacturing industry. Though it has been widely accepted and adopted—performance evaluation through the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, however, it needs to address a holistic approach considering the current complexity and market dynamics changes. This study formulates a conceptual Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model with thirty-six performance measurement index through ten attributes in the outlook of input-process-output considering the BSC and the SCOR model at three decisions levels with an application of quantitative techniques to bring synergic effect to all stakeholder issues such as supplier relationship management (SRM), internal supply chain management (ISCM), and customer relationship management (CRM). The conceptual model was tested in the manufacturing industry of Bangladesh. Finally, it recommends the urgency for an Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model which connects all the stakeholders aligning the organizational performance.

Industry 4.0 and Supply Chain Performance in the Oil and Gas Industry

The purpose of this study is to investigate industry 4.0 and supply chain performance. Extant literature was reviewed. Secondary data such as E-books, journal articles projects were used. Exploratory research design was used for the study. Based on the review literature, it was revealed that, integrated supply chain performance measurement system (SCPMS) is paramount for an efficient supply chain management (SCM) at inter-organizational and beyond-the-boundary processes. The recent technological innovations (internet of things (IoTs), big data, and web-based communication systems) revamp the SCPMS through effective data collection, information sharing, and framework integration among the different SC partners across nations. The study recommend for further research on the obstacles facing industry 4.0 and supply chain performance in the oil and gas industries across nations.

Exploring integrated supply chain performance in healthcare: a service provider perspective

PurposeThe paper identifies the antecedents and consequences of integrated supply chain performance (ISCP) in healthcare systems.Design/methodology/approachBased on a review of the literature constructs of supply chain flexibility (SCF), employee relationships (ERs), organizational orientation (OO) and knowledge exchange (KE) were identified as antecedents of ISCP, and patient centricity (PC) emerged as its consequence. This structural relationship was tested using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsERs, SCF, OO and KE positively impacted the performance of an integrated healthcare supply chain. Furthermore, enhanced ISCP in operational processes of the hospital positively influenced patient centeredness and care quality.Research limitations/implicationsPaper contributes by identifying antecedents and consequences of ISCP. Future researchers may explore the inter-relationships among the antecedents of ISCP.Practical implicationsInsights from this study will help practitioners in enhancing hospital operations by integrating processes along the healthcare service supply chain and developing a patient-centric approach.Social implicationsThis paper highlights how PC may be achieved by focusing on a facilitative internal environment. This understanding may help in designing processes that deliver health as a social good in an effective manner.Originality/valueThe empirical evidence from this study can help hospitals integrate their functions, thus, enabling them to deliver quality care.

Enhancing Modularity in Healthcare Services Through Integration

The objective of this article is to identify and validate the theoretical relationships between facilitators of modular architecture in healthcare service delivery context. The relationships among heterogeneity in healthcare services, coordinated care pathways, organisational orientation, integrated supply chain performance and modularity in health service delivery were explored. A structural model was developed based on a literature review. A 35-item questionnaire was circulated among service providers in the healthcare system all over India. A cross-sectional research design was used to assess the framework of research. The random sampling method was adopted to collect data. A total of 127 valid responses were received. Data analysis was performed using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).Results reveal that modular architecture can be achieved by building an environment which has coordinated and integrated efforts of service providers incorporated with enhanced organisational orientation. The study added insights to the theory of modular systems. The authors recognise that modularity helps in enhancing the patient-centric orientation. The findings provide potentially important information to health service managers and providers, enabling them to understand the requisites of modular architecture. This is the first study exploring the relationships between facilitators of modularity in healthcare services. The study complements literature on service modularity with reference to specialised care unit of maternity services.

Development and Application of the Performance Evaluation System for Integrated Supply Chain

According to the definition of integrated supply chain performance, improved method of grey relational evaluation and multi-level dynamic fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are adopted to comprehensively evaluate the overall performance of the integrated supply chain. Based on these, the Performance Evaluation System (PES) of the integrated supply chain is developed on MATLAB software platform. In the end, the validity and feasibility of the system is validated by an example, and the system can provide a convenient operation tool and scientific, objective decision basis for managers to evaluate the integrated supply chain performance.

An integrated model of supply chain performance evaluation and decision-making using structural equation modelling and fuzzy AHP

This paper aims to propose a comprehensive evaluation tool and decision model, which can help the practitioners to gauge their supply chain performance and guide them in decision-making for further improvements. The model provides a salient notion of integrated supply chain performance evaluation approach distilled from the literature. The five important performance evaluation criteria (supply chain planning performance, supply chain partnership performance, production performance, delivery and logistic performance and customer service and satisfaction performance) and corresponding 19 sub-criteria have been identified. An integrated methodology of structural equation modelling (SEM) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) have been applied to the proposed model to a real case study of Indian textile–apparel–retail supply chain network.

Using the balanced scorecard on supply chain integration performance—a case study of service businesses

Supply chains are indispensable to corporations that seek to serve suppliers and customers better, to boost organization performance, to strengthen competitiveness, and to achieve continuous success. Currently, corporations place great emphasis on both supply chains and on balanced scorecards (BSCs) to develop effective measures to evaluate firm performance. This study discusses the integration of supply chain and performance based on the BSC measures developed by Kaplan and Norton (Harv Bus Rev 71(5):134–147, 1993; Harv Bus Rev 74(1):75–85, 1996) and Brewer and Speh (J Bus Logist 21(1): 79–93, 2000). The research applies case studies and a conceptual framework, modifying propositions accordingly. The main objectives of this study are to discuss the construction and implementation of supply chains, to determine how to handle supply chain barriers and to evaluate supply chain integration performance using the idea of a BSC. Companies at different levels in the supply chain are better served by assigning different levels of importance to different types of integration. Case studies show that supply chain integration involves supplier, internal, and customer barriers. The results of these studies have suggested that integrated supply chains can be dominated by one controlling member, which can be located either upstream or downstream in the chain. A new finding in this study is that varying degrees of supply chain integration are obtained due to corporations’ different positions in an industry. The study provides some insights for firms in the process of implementing a supply chain management system.

Supply chain performance measurement framework for small and medium scale enterprises

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose an integrated supply chain performance measurement framework for the case of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) using set of qualitative and quantitative insights gained during the case study research.Design/methodology/approachThis paper develops the supply chain performance measurement framework using the facts revealed through case study analysis, secondary data specific to various SME clusters in India and detailed contemporary studies reported on supply chain management in SMEs. It integrates the salient features of balanced scorecard (BSC) and supply chain operation reference (SCOR) model to deliver a comprehensive performance measurement framework for SMEs.FindingsThis paper reports set of performance indicators for the supply chain processes like “source,” “make,” and “deliver” in SMEs. It also relates the measures with various supply chain cycles like “procurement,” “manufacturing,” “replenishment,” and “customer order.” As a result, paper delivers an integrated performance measurement framework for supply chain evaluation and planning in SMEs. It also outlines the detailed guideline for the implementation and use of the framework.Practical implicationsThis paper is expected that the developed framework: will help SME managers to improve the visibility of their supply chain amongst interacting partners; and will help SME firms to explain the basis of their decisions to the other supply chain partners and specifically, origingal equipment manufacturer organizations where less bargaining power exist.Originality/valueThis paper integrates the spirit of two well‐known contributions in the field of performance measurement namely BSC and SCOR. The proposed framework is deduced using the findings of real life case study research and hence establishes an adequate platform for its application. It would help the managers or decision makers in SMEs to gain a systematic insight into their supply chain problems and hence undertake the necessary improvements.

Performance measurement in agri‐food supply chains: a case study

PurposeMeasurement of the performance of entire supply chains is an important issue because it allows for “tracking and tracing” of efficacy and efficiency failures and leads to more informed decision making with regard to chain design. However, the choice of appropriate supply chain performance indicators is rather complicated due to the presence of multiple inputs and multiple outputs in the system. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the usefulness of a novel conceptual model for supply chain performance measurement in an agri‐food supply chain.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual model for integrated supply chain performance measurement is evaluated in a Dutch‐German tomato supply chain by means of a case study approach.FindingsThe proposed conceptual framework is found to be useful for measuring performance of the tomato supply chain. From the case study it is concluded that four main categories of performance measures (i.e. efficiency, flexibility, responsiveness, and food quality) are identified as key performance components of the tomato supply chain performance measurement system.Originality/valueThis research evaluates a novel concept for measuring the performance of agri‐food supply chains. This concept is the first step in developing an integrated performance measurement system that contains financial as well as non‐financial indicators combined with the specific characteristics of agri‐food supply chains. Based on a case study in the tomato supply chain, this concept is found to have potential.