Food Supply Research Articles

The triad of fibre, sodium and saturated fat as decisive factors of a healthy diet: A cross-sectional study on nutrient profile and nutritional quality of processed foods

The present study aimed to monitor the amounts of fibre, sodium and saturated fat in Turkey's food supply and determine the number of processed foods with labelling information for these components. Additionally, this study aimed to determine the nutritional quality of the foods based on declared labelling information. This was a cross-sectional study of 2676 products from January-April 2023. Products with partial and complete nutrient declarations were expressed as numbers and percentages. Fibre, sodium, and saturated fat amounts were expressed as median, interquartile range, and range. The nutritional quality of the food products was assessed using a Health Star Rating system. The information about labels for fibre, sodium, and saturated fat was 61.4%, 23.1%, and 97.1%, respectively. The median fibre, sodium, and saturated fat in all food products were 1.60 g, 76 mg, and 2.30 g/100 g, respectively. The food categories with the least fibre content were "milk and dairy products" and "non-alcoholic beverages." Conversely, the highest sodium and saturated fat content categories were "sauces and broths" and "snack foods," respectively. Based on the declared composition of food products, the median Health Star Rating score was 2.0, with 70.9% considered less healthy. Although Turkey has made progress in line with global developments, more effort is needed to improve the composition of certain processed foods.

Planetary Health Diet in a hospital cafeteria: Increasing employee satisfaction and reducing greenhouse gas emissions and costs

In order to ensure a healthy diet for the world's population within planetary boundaries, the EAT-Lancet Commission has made recommendations for a "Planetary Health Diet" (PHD). Due to the special responsibility of the health sector for healthy living conditions, offering food provision in line with the Planetary Health Diet is a sensible thing to do for health facilities. With this in mind, we evaluated the acceptance, costs and reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through a correspondingly modified food offer in the cafeteria of a large university hospital. For three months, a lunch menu adapted to the recommendations of the PHD and information material on sustainable nutrition were offered in the hospital cafeteria. Customers in this cafeteria (intervention group) and in all other hospital cafeterias (control group) completed a questionnaire before (from 12/2022 to 01/2023) and after (from 03/2023 to 04/2023) the intervention period. In this questionnaire, customers were asked how satisfied they were with the sustainable food offer using German school grades (from 1 to 6). We calculated the difference-in-differences (DID), 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p-values for the school grades. Open-ended questions were used to learn about customers' perception of health and sustainability aspects of the food supply and written feedback analysed qualitatively. We conducted a bottom-up analysis of the greenhouse gas emissions of the different lunch menu lines based on the main ingredients of the dishes and calculated cost differences between the vegan menu line and the conventional menu lines based on food costs. In the intervention group, the ratings for the sustainability, health, diversity, and flavour of the food on offer improved significantly compared to the control group. The composition of the food (e. g., proportion of meat or vegetables), the product selection (regional, seasonal, organic) and the amount of waste produced were important to the employees when rating the sustainability and healthiness of the food. In the intervention cafeteria, GHG emissions fell by 27 % from 26.2 tonnes to 20.5 tonnes of GHG emissions (saving 5.6 tonnes of GHG emissions) in the second half of the intervention period compared to the previous year, despite a higher number of orders. During the entire intervention period, the intervention group saved about € 4,000 on ingredients. Due to the robust quasi-experimental study design and in combination with the qualitative results, this study provides initial evidence that a PHD-oriented food offer can increase food-related employee satisfaction. Switching to sustainable food supply at hospitals is to be recommended due to its cost-effectiveness, positive feedback from employees and the reduction of GHG emissions.

Kontribusi Politik Ekonomi Pertanian dalam Penyediaan Bahan Baku Halal di Indonesia

The agricultural sector is a vital component of a nation's economy as it provides food supplies and serves as a source of livelihood for millions of people. In the context of Indonesia, with its predominantly Muslim population, the significance of the agricultural sector has grown alongside the increasing demand for halal raw materials. However, the implementation of agricultural political economy policies to support the provision of halal raw materials faces several challenges, including farmers' lack of understanding of halal standards, dependence on imported raw materials, and limited infrastructure and technology. This study employs a qualitative approach using library research methods to analyze the contribution of agricultural political economy policies in supporting the provision of halal raw materials, including identifying relevant challenges and solutions. The findings reveal that policies such as agricultural land protection, fertilizer subsidies, and the development of halal industrial zones have provided a robust foundation for establishing a halal agricultural ecosystem. Nonetheless, strategic measures, such as educating farmers, enhancing local production, and investing in modern technology, remain necessary to overcome the existing obstacles. This study concludes that adaptive and inclusive agricultural political economy policies can strengthen the role of the agricultural sector in sustainably supporting the availability of halal raw materials while simultaneously enhancing the competitiveness of Indonesia's halal products in global markets.

Investigation into the sero-molecular prevalence of Brucella melitensis in small ruminants in districts Mohmand and Charsadda Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.

Globally, ruminants contribute largely to the livelihood and supply of quality food for human consumption. However, small ruminants face numerous problems, including infectious diseases, in lower- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Brucellosis is one of the important zoonotic diseases affecting the range of animals caused by Brucella species, including Brucella abortus and Brucella mellitensis. Although brucellosis caused by B. mellitensis in small ruminants has never been reported in the study areas, its zoonotic importance can never be underestimated. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the sero-molecular prevalence of B. mellitensis in small ruminants in districts Mohmand and Charsadda of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 400 blood samples were collected from sheep and goats (n = 200 from each species) and analyzed by Rose Bengal precipitation test (RBPT), the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The findings of the study indicated 13.5% and 7% of sheep while 12.5% and 12.5% of goat's samples by RBPT and (i-ELISA) respectively. The species-specific PCR confirmed B. abortus in 70% of sheep samples and 37.5% of goat's samples and B. mellitensis in 25% of sheep and 62.5% of goat's samples by targeting IS711. The findings of the study concluded that B. abortus and B. melitensis were circulating in sheep and goats with a higher prevalence in the study areas. This study detected the presence of B. mellitensis for the first time in small ruminants in the study areas.

Transcriptomic and Microbiome Analyses of copepod Apocyclops royi in Response to an AHPND-causing strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Copepods are small crustaceans that live in microorganism-rich aquatic environments and provide a key supply of live food for fish and shellfish larviculture. To better understand the host-pathogen interaction between the copepod and Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (VPAHPND), the comparative transcriptome and microbiome analyses were conducted in copepod Apocyclops royi-TH following VPAHPND infection. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 836 differentially expressed genes, with 275 upregulated and 561 downregulated genes. Subsequent analysis showed that a total of 37 differentially expressed genes were associated with the innate immune system, including 16 upregulated genes related to Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, antimicrobial peptides, and stress response genes, and 21 downregulated genes associated with immunological modulators, signaling molecules, and apoptosis-related proteins. Analysis of the copepod microbiome following VPAHPND infection showed that the microbes changed significantly after bacterial infection, with a reduced alpha diversity accompanied by the increased level of Proteobacteria and decreased levels of Bdellovibrionota, Bacteroidota, and Verrucomicrobiota. The population of Vibrio genera were increased significantly, while several other genera, including Denitromonas, Nitrosomonas, Blastopirellula, Fusibacter, Alteromonas, KI89A_clade, and Ruegeria, were decreased significantly after infection. These findings suggest that VPAHPND infection has a significant impact on the immune defense and the composition of the copepod microbiota.

Enhancing anthropometric proficiency: Effect of a structured training program on skills of Anganwadi workers in rural areas of Raebareli District, Uttar Pradesh

ABSTRACT Context: Anganwadi workers (AWWs) require technical skills for growth monitoring of under-five children. Anthropometric skills help Anganwadi workers assess any changes or deterioration in the normal growth of children. Aims: To determine the effect of a structured training program on the anthropometric skills of Anganwadi workers in rural areas of Raebareli district in Uttar Pradesh. Settings and Design: A community-based interventional study, was conducted among 162 AWWs, 73 from Salon and 89 from Rahi development blocks of Raebareli district. Methods and Material: The skills of AWWs in anthropometric measurement domains (weight, height/length, and mid-upper arm circumference) were assessed using a pre-tested observatory checklist both before and after the training sessions. The skills for each domain were assessed on four points i.e. standard procedure applied to the child, assurance of safety precautions, observer protocol during anthropometry, and precision and accuracy in recording measurement. Statistical Analysis Used: The McNemar Chi-square test was used for paired categorical data analysis. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the study population was 43.30 ± 9.68 years. The mean years of their job was 16.68 + 7.38 years. About one-fourth (26.5%) of AWWs had received training within the last three years. Inadequate/non-functional equipment (9.8%), low honorarium (29.4%), interruption in timely supply of supplementary food (6.3%), non-cooperation of the community (84.6%), insufficient space (58.0%), and availability of periodic job aids (16.8%) were the major challenges that were faced by ICDS workers. The anthropometric skills of the AWWs were found to improve significantly in almost all the domains. The proportion of AWWs following standard procedure, assurance of safety precautions, observer protocol during anthropometry, precision, and accuracy on recording measurement were found to increase significantly after a structured training program. (P < 0.05). Conclusions: A structured training programme focusing anthropometric skills on play an important role in increasing the skills of AWWs in growth monitoring. AWWs’ capacity to monitor child growth must be refreshed regularly through separate focussed training programs rather than during comprehensive sessions.

Challenges in adopting artificial intelligence for food manufacturing and supply chain post-pandemic in Palestine

Challenges in adopting artificial intelligence for food manufacturing and supply chain post-pandemic in Palestine

Altered sphingolipid biosynthetic flux and lipoprotein trafficking contribute to trans-fat-induced atherosclerosis.

Dietary fat drives the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), particularly through circulating cholesterol and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnants. Industrially produced trans-unsaturated fatty acids (TFAs) incorporated into food supplies significantly promote ASCVD. However, the molecular trafficking of TFAs responsible for this association is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that TFAs are preferentially incorporated into sphingolipids by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) and secreted from cells invitro. Administering high-fat diets (HFDs) enriched in TFAs to Ldlr-/- mice accelerated hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and sphingolipid secretion into circulation to promote atherogenesis compared with a cis-unsaturated fatty acid (CFA)-enriched HFD. SPT inhibition mitigated these phenotypes and reduced circulating atherogenic VLDL enriched in TFA-derived polyunsaturated sphingomyelin. Transcriptional analysis of human liver revealed distinct regulation of SPTLC2 versus SPTLC3 subunit expression, consistent with human genetic correlations in ASCVD, further establishing sphingolipid metabolism as a critical node mediating the progression of ASCVD in response to specific dietary fats.

Soil Health and Challenges to Sustainable Soil Management in Denmark: Stakeholder Perceptions

ABSTRACTMaintaining soil health is essential to ensuring an adequate food supply and preserving the environment. Insights from multiple stakeholder inquiries can provide a more nuanced understanding of conditions for soil health to support the adoption of sustainable soil management practices to meet national and regional goals. This article aimed to gather insights from stakeholders' perceptions of soil health and the state of soil knowledge in Denmark. Seven stakeholder inquiries, collected through a series of recent European soil research activities, were synthesised to identify perceptions of soil health, concerns about soil challenges and needs for harmonising production and use of knowledge related to sustainable soil management. Each inquiry was analysed individually, and common themes were discussed across topics. The data showed that the ecosystem service framework related to soil health was not evenly familiar across stakeholder categories. Identified concerns for soil health included climate change effects, knowledge transfer, economic pressure/risk, and soil challenges. The top ‘priority’ soil challenges identified were improving soil organic matter/peat soil, avoiding soil compaction and improving nutrient retention/use efficiency. Soil knowledge gaps related to soil challenges included: multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary long‐term experiments, site‐specific measures, science–policy–stakeholder interactions and knowledge feasibility at the farm level. Identified barriers preventing wider adoption of sustainable management practices included farm applicability of practices, farmers' engagement, knowledge sharing and lack of regulations for challenges such as soil compaction. Farmers were also concerned about the time and effort required to learn new practices, especially as it relates to their work/life balance and the challenge of implementing sustainable practices on commercial farms while ensuring profitability. These concerns might partially arise from knowledge gaps between stakeholder categories. Raising awareness of sustainable practices and addressing current and future risks such as pests and weather extremes are crucial for policy and stakeholder engagement.

The Critical Success Factors of Waqf Land Development for Sustainable Agriculture

The Critical Success Factors of Waqf Land Development for Sustainable Agriculture

FARMERS-HERDERS CRISIS AND FOOD INSECURITY IN NIGERIA

This study examined the effect of farmers-herders crisis on food insecurity in Uwheru communities in Delta State. This study adopted cross-sectional survey research design and a structured questionnaire served as the primary data collection tool for the study. Purposive sampling method was used to select 392 respondents and resource access theory, propounded by Pfeffer and Salancik (1978) served as the theoretical framework of analysis for this study. With the use of SPSS version 23.0, the collected data were analyzed using percentages, Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and linear regression, respectively. The results of this study revealed that Farmers-herders crisis negatively and significantly influenced food availability, food access, food utilization and stability in Uwheru communities in Delta State. The study concluded that farmers-herders crisis has resulted in displacement of people from their communities, women and girls’ vulnerability to sexual and economic predation, huge economic burden on the government leading to loss of revenues, dwindling food supply and rising cost, increasing division among the Federating states and threat to National Security amongst others. Therefore, the study suggested, among other things, urgent upgrade response procedures to farmers-herders crisis, especially in the most vulnerable communities like Uwheru communities in Delta State. But this should be done within a larger framework that emphasizes proactive rather than reactive response to crisis. This shall go a long way to enhance food availability, access and utilization and stability in Uwheru communities in Delta State.

A Secure Blockchain based food supply chain management framework using hybrid IDEA algorithm

A Secure Blockchain based food supply chain management framework using hybrid IDEA algorithm

Effects of probiotic coating and vacuum packaging on the microbial safety and quality of fresh-cut cantaloupe stored at different temperatures.

Fresh-cut cantaloupes are highly susceptible to contamination by foodborne pathogens and spoilage-causing microorganisms. This study evaluated the efficacy of a probiotic coating produced by fermenting Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299 V in pomelo peel extract in combination with vacuum packaging in controlling the microbial loads of fresh-cut cantaloupe during storage. As temperature abuse is common in transportation and at retail sale of such products in many countries, we evaluated their efficacy at different temperatures. Both the probiotic edible coating and vacuum packaging, when used alone, effectively inhibited microbial growth in fresh-cut cantaloupe at all the tested temperatures. The combination had a statistically significant synergistic effect (p<0.05) on reducing psychrotrophic total counts (4.5±0.3 log lower than control on day 9) and yeast and mold(>3.1 log lower than control on day 9) at 4°C, Listeria monocytogenes (2.9±0.2 log lower than control on day 6) at 12°C, and yeast and mold (3.1±0.7 log lower than control on day 2) and L. monocytogenes (4.6±0.4 log lower than control on day 2) at room temperature (23±2°C). The solution proposed in this study has the potential to increase the resilience of products to temperature abuse, which can impact the safety of the food supply.

Implementing Advanced Analytics for Optimizing Food Supply Chain Logistics and Efficiency

The global food supply chain faces significant challenges in ensuring efficiency and minimizing disruptions, especially in the face of unexpected events, fluctuating demand, and logistical complexities. Implementing advanced analytics within food supply chains can transform operational dynamics, enabling precise prediction of potential disruptions and enhancing logistics efficiency. This study proposes a robust framework that leverages machine learning algorithms to forecast disruptions—such as delays in transport, shifts in consumer demand, or adverse weather conditions—and to optimize the logistics flow accordingly. By incorporating predictive modeling and real-time data analysis, this framework aims to enhance decision-making capabilities across various stages of the supply chain, from production and warehousing to transportation and delivery. The proposed framework utilizes a combination of supervised learning for demand forecasting and unsupervised learning for anomaly detection, enabling early identification of potential logistical challenges. Furthermore, integrating these analytics with real-time data sources, such as IoT sensors and satellite imagery, facilitates a comprehensive view of supply chain status, thereby increasing responsiveness and adaptability to unforeseen events. The potential future integration of this framework with autonomous delivery systems, such as drones or autonomous vehicles, could further streamline last-mile logistics, reducing both cost and delivery time while maintaining the quality and safety of perishable goods. This study not only demonstrates the immediate benefits of machine learning-driven predictive analytics but also discusses the scalability and flexibility of this approach for broader applications within global food systems. Future research can explore enhancements in algorithmic accuracy and integration with blockchain for traceability, supporting transparent, resilient, and highly efficient food supply chains. The integration of autonomous delivery systems will additionally be a key focus for ensuring seamless, reliable, and sustainable logistics operations in a rapidly evolving food industry landscape.

Community needs-based prioritization of landscape restoration technologies in Basona-Worena and Doyo-Gena Woredas, Ethiopia

Land degradation in Ethiopia is a pressing issue that demands immediate attention. Although various sustainable land management options have been introduced through top-down approaches, farmers have shown low adoption rates. The objective of this research was to assess the community prioritization of landscape restoration technologies and the appropriation of ecosystem services in the Basona-Worena and Doyo-Gena woredas of Ethiopia. The evaluation of land management option tool was used to survey farmers' preferences and compare different land management options based on input, cost, perceived advantages, and potential drawbacks.Data from 64 participants revealed that farmers were interested in a wide range of benefits. However, their top three preferences were increased food supply, enhanced soil fertility, and improved water supply. The study emphasized the need for site-specific land management measures. Farmers in Basona-Worena favored terrace and bund practices, while farmers in Doyo-Gena preferred exclosure and agroforestry practices. Conversely, the propensity of terracing to attract rodents and pests, the lengthy time takes to see results from bunding, and the cost of gabions were among the shortcomings that farmers identify in conservation techniques. Terracing was the first option for supplying fundamental ecosystem services in both locations, followed by biological measures, water percolation pits, and bunds. All farmers ranked the business-as-usual option as their least preferred option because they perceived it to have limited potential for yielding desired benefits. These findings provide a robust model for informed decision-making on suitable restoration technologies, holding promise for landscape restoration initiatives in Ethiopia and similar locations worldwide.

The Impact of Brazil’s Agricultural Export Boom on Domestic Food Security

Brazil has become a global leader in agricultural exports, supplying major commodities such as soybeans, beef, corn, and sugarcane to international markets, particularly China, the European Union, and the United States. While this export-driven agricultural boom has contributed significantly to economic growth, trade surpluses, and rural employment, it has also raised serious concerns about domestic food security, environmental sustainability, and social inequality. The shift toward large-scale agribusiness and monoculture farming has led to deforestation, displacement of small-scale farmers, increased food prices, and reduced access to staple foods for low-income populations. This paper examines the drivers, consequences, and policy responses related to Brazil’s agricultural export expansion. It analyzes how export prioritization has reduced the availability of domestically consumed staple foods, leading to food inflation and nutritional insecurity. It also explores the environmental costs of farmland expansion, including deforestation in the Amazon and Cerrado regions, soil degradation, and water overuse. Social consequences, such as the marginalization of small farmers, rising rural unemployment, and widening economic inequalities, are also discussed. In response to these challenges, the Brazilian government has implemented various policy measures, including food price stabilization programs, land-use regulations, and social assistance initiatives like Bolsa Família and the National School Feeding Program. However, the effectiveness of these strategies remains mixed, as agribusiness interests continue to dominate policy decisions. The paper concludes by evaluating potential solutions, such as stricter environmental protections, incentives for sustainable farming, and trade policies that ensure sufficient domestic food supply while maintaining Brazil’s position as a major agricultural exporter.

Molecular detection of African swine fever virus in pork and pork products and associated risk factors in the Philippines

African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious hemorrhagic disease affecting both domestic and wild pigs with high mortality rate and severe socio-economic losses. Due to the virus' potential ability to remain infectious in suitable conditions and environments, it is imperative to identify risk factors that may contribute to its transmission. The Philippines' current ASF surveillance relies on pig blood samples. With this very limited epidemiological data, it is imperative to include raw meat and processed pork products due to high ASF transmission risks. In this study, a total of 384 raw pork and 384 processed pork products from selected wet markets were collected and detected the ASF virus (ASFv) VP72 gene using real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR), and the overall positivity rates were 10.16% and 10.68%, respectively. Moreover, an interview with wet market vendors was conducted, and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was employed to identify possible factors associated with sample positivity. Results showed that ASFv-positive samples were linked to zoning status, rainy seasons, Longganisa preparation, selling different meat types, longer pork batches, and cleaning or disinfection in market stalls. Overall, ASFv contamination in pork and processed pork products can pose a threat to the swine industry, and market practices may further lead to ASFv persistence in these commodities which may contribute to ASF spread. Therefore, there's a need to address this risk by strict surveillance and proper handling procedures throughout the food supply chain.

Development of agar-alginate marine polysaccharides-based hydrogels for agricultural applications to reduce environmental hazards.

In order to meet global food requirement, innovation in agricultural techniques and pesticide delivery system will be required for sustainable food supply with minimal harmful impact on environment. This article discusses the synthesis of hydrogels for use in controlled release formulations (CRFs) to increase agricultural output while reducing ecotoxicity and health risks. These hydrogels were designed by graft-copolymerization reaction of polyacrylamide and polyvinyl sulfonic acid onto agar-alginate marine polysaccharides. Copolymers were characterized by SEM, AFM, XRD, FTIR and 13C NMR. One gram of copolymeric hydrogels absorbed 14.80 ± 0.53 g of water. The glyphosate herbicide was released in a slow regulated manner over 72 h which is useful to avoid herbicide loss through leaching, evaporation and to reduce environmental hazards. The herbicide released via a non-Fickian diffusion mechanism and release profile was best described by the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. The release of herbicide from hydrogels occurred slowly and consistently in simulated soil conditions for a prolonged period. A soil adsorption studies of herbicide revealed a reduction in ground water ubiquity score (GUS) for glyphosate encapsulated hydrogels as compared to commercial formulations. Soil water retention was enhanced by the addition of hydrogel in the soil. The degradation of these CRFs can provide micronutrients (N and S) to improve soil quality and minimize the risk of water pollution by reducing the leaching of herbicides.

Operational supply risks of halal food manufacturer: A mitigation approach to supply chain risks

This study aims to investigate the strategies employed by halal food manufacturers in Malaysia to mitigate operational supply risks. This study selected a sample of 369 respondents using a simple random sampling method to participate in the main survey. The collected dataset was analysed using covariance-based software (AMOS-SEM)) to test the study hypotheses. The findings of this research highlight that halal food manufacturers in Malaysia proactively adopt measures to manage operational supply risks from suppliers. Notably, they utilize behaviour-based and buffer-based strategies to effectively minimize the impact of these risks. This study focused on supply-related risks. To secure the integrity of halal, the firms must address demand-related risks and governmental and organizational risks to ensure the halalness of halal products. Therefore, it is crucial to consider risk management for all parts of the supply chain to guarantee the halal compliance of food products. The study highlights halal firms' need for behaviour-based and buffer-based risk management strategies to mitigate price, quality, and delivery risks while ensuring brand reputation and consumer trust through collaboration, information sharing, and supplier performance evaluation. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the operational supply risks faced by halal food manufacturers, offering insights into the unique challenges and vulnerabilities within the halal food supply chain. By specifically focusing on Malaysia, this research contributes to the limited existing literature in this specific context, further enriching our knowledge in this field.

Chitosan Pretreatment: Evidence of Enhanced Mechanical Stability and Adsorption Capacity to Produce a Hybrid Material

Securing a food supply is a global issue that must be integrated into a sustainable framework to mitigate the effects of climate change. This study focuses on the synthesis of a hybrid material for detecting heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs), which are potential mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds generated during the heat processing of food. A novel approach was applied to produce films based on chitosan biopolymer incorporated with [Fe(CN)5(OH2)]3−, CS-Fe, which functions as the active moiety for the detection of quinoxaline (IQx), a molecule similar to HAAs. The pretreatment of the chitosan (CS) films significantly improved mechanical stability and more than doubled the adsorption capacity for [Fe(CN)5(OH2)]3−. The measurements from real samples indicated that the CS-Fe film can selectively detect IQx, even amidst common interfering amino acids like methionine, tryptophan, and histidine. In summary, the CS-Fe film may be regarded as an eco-friendly and cost-effective material suitable for food safety applications.