Suppliers Of Products Research Articles

Pengambilan Keputusan Menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) pada Pemilihan Pemasok Produk Lampu

This study aims to determine the best supplier for in-Lite lighting products. The company chose criteria and sub-criteria in supplier selection to optimize product sales continuity. This study used the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, which provided information about the criteria, sub-criteria, and alternatives in the selection of three suppliers: A, B, and C. The existence of priority weights provided a decision in choosing the supplier of the lighting product. The new criteria and sub-criteria were the results of the literature study formulation and then adjusted again with the results of the interview. Seven criteria were determined in this study: production, price, quality, site selection, product suitability, delivery, and service. The results of the calculation of the priority weights of the criteria, sub-criteria, and alternative selection using a questionnaire. The parties involved in the selection of suppliers filled out the questionnaire to obtain a weight for each supplier. Based on the results of AHP calculations, supplier A got the highest weight of 0,442 or 44%, so this supplier is used as a company priority in choosing suppliers for in-Lite type lighting products.

Risk-Averse Co-Decision for Lower-Carbon Product Family Configuration and Resilient Supplier Selection

Due to global pandemics, political unrest and natural disasters, the stability of the supply chain is facing the challenge of more uncertain events. Although many scholars have conducted research on improving the resilience of the supply chain, the research on integrating product family configuration and supplier selection (PCSS) under disruption risks is limited. In this paper, the centralized supply chain network, which contains only one major manufacturer and several suppliers, is considered, and one resilience strategy (i.e., the fortified supplier) is used to enhance the resilience level of the selected supply base. Then, an improved stochastic bi-objective mixed integer programming model is proposed to support co-decision for PCSS under disruption risks. Furthermore, considering the above risk-neutral model as a benchmark, a risk-averse mixed integer program with Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) is formulated to achieve maximum potential worst-case profit and minimum expected total greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Then, NSGA-II is applied to solve the proposed stochastic bi-objective mixed integer programming model. Taking the electronic dictionary as a case study, the risk-neutral solutions and risk-averse solutions that optimize, respectively, average and worst-case objectives of co-decision are also compared under two different ranges of disruption probability. The sensitivity analysis on the confidence level indicates that fortifying suppliers and controlling market share in co-decision for PCSS can effectively reduce the risk of low-profit/high-cost while minimizing the expected GHG emissions. Meanwhile, the effects of low-probability risk are more likely to be ignored in the risk-neutral solution, and it is necessary to adopt a risk-averse solution to reduce potential worst-case losses.

Accessing value-added market through cooperatives: a case study of Sitajakhala Dugdha Utpadak Samabai Samiti Ltd., India

PurposeMember-owned business organizations, such as cooperatives, are engaged in various economic activities that touch our everyday lives. Sitajakhala Dugdha Utpadak Samabai Samiti Limited (Sitajakhala Dairy Producers Cooperative Society Limited) is a successful cooperative society in the northeastern region of India. The purpose of this case study is to illustrate how the cooperative manages its production and supply chain of milk and milk products and highlights several issues that the cooperative encountered in the recent past and how those issues were managed. This case also illustrates how an agribusiness cooperative has been growing over the years, including expansion of business and the creation of a brand image, as well as benefiting its members and their communities.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a case study approach where they went for in-person interviews of Sitajakhala's executive members and office staff; in addition, the authors were given access to Sitajakhala's marketing and financial records as well as its annual reports and vision documents.FindingsSitajakhala Co-op provides a platform where individual dairy farmers (most of who are small farmers and many of them are illiterate) can unite to bargain for higher prices for their milk. Due to its member-oriented business strategy, Sitajakhala Co-op has been growing well with active support of its members. Consistent quality control and marked improvements in labeling, bottling and packaging of milk and milk products has helped the cooperative to establish itself as a leader in dairy products supplier in Assam among bulk buyers as well as individual consumers. Sitajakhala cooperative also provides dairy farming related services to its members for free of charge to improve milk production and quality. One of the shortcomings of the cooperative is underutilization of its modern milk processing plant which needs to be addressed by the management in earnest.Research limitations/implicationsThis case study is based on information from one dairy cooperative in Assam, India; thus, the findings of this case may not translate into other dairy cooperatives in India or elsewhere. Nonetheless, cooperative practitioners may find the findings useful from a management perspective.Social implicationsSitajakhala Co-op management was keenly aware of the non-dairy related needs of the community it serves. Some of such services include free medical ambulance service for its members, supporting secondary education through providing merit and need-based scholarships and funding physical improvements to a local high school and a local college. In addition, the cooperative regularly provides funding to local sports and cultural events and local social institutions which have positive impact on the larger community. Sitajakhala cooperative has been providing employment to the local youth in the Morigaon area and plans on continuing to do so.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first case study focusing on the management and operations of a dairy cooperative in the northeastern part of India. Knowledge gained from such study is expected to benefit not only Sitajakhala cooperative but also other dairy cooperatives in a similar situation. This case study will also benefit senior undergraduate and/or graduate students specializing in agricultural economics/agribusiness and can also be used for executive training for the management of academic institutions and food companies.

Optimal resource scheduling for SMEs using cloud in manufacturing sectors

Defining on a common policy which effectively suits all the production units, stakeholders and suppliers is very difficult to figure-out in highly populated countries like India. Manufacturing industries are ineffective in managing services, this is due to the communication gap between stakeholders. Approximately 48 million small and medium businesses are registered in India, according to a report by the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME). Among these numbers, SMEstend to contribute 40% of the total exports to India's industrial output, which is nearly 45%. As scheduling process majorly impacts on the time and cost of job completion, it is a critical part of the project. To efficiently schedule resources related to the casting industry, we propose a hybrid Ant Colony Optimization strategy. The efficiency of this enhanced algorithm was simulated to verify its effectiveness and the results show that, the proposed model minimizes both cost and time. It also maintains workload balance to maintain optimum resource utilization.

Optimization Model for Agricultural Processed Products Supply Chain Problem in Bandung During Covid-19 Period

Coronavirus disease, commonly called Covid-19, is a virus that causes a pandemic in almost every country globally. One of those countries is Indonesia, which has many big cities with dense populations. This study was conducted in Bandung, the capital of West Java, Indonesia. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, Bandung was seriously affected in various ways. One was the disruption in the distribution of the agricultural processed products supply chain, which changes producers and consumers' behaviour. Furthermore, as an effort by the government to break the spread of the virus, health protocols limit the distribution. The purpose of this study is to design an optimization model for the supply chain problem of agricultural processed products in Bandung during the Covid-19 period with the objective function is maximizing product suppliers so that all demands on consumers are fulfilled. The use of Local Food Hub (LFH) is a help in this research as a distribution centre point between the producer zone and the consumer zone. Finally, numerical experiments were carried out in two scenarios, namely Large-scale Social Distancing (LSD) and Partial Social Distancing (PSD). It was found that the optimal distribution solution was obtained if the PSD scenario was applied.

The Indian Republic in the global energy markets

Energy is an integral part of the economic security of any state, and it is more complex, the lower the degree of provision with its mineral resources and the higher the number of the population living in the country. Being the undisputed world leaders in terms of population (1.4 billion people and 1.3 billion people), China and India are concerned about ensuring the energy security of their national economies. According to the latest forecasts formed by the International Energy Agency, by 2040, these two countries will become world leaders in terms of imports of mineral products (in this case: crude oil and natural gas). China is the world leader in exporting goods; India is implementing an economic and industrial policy to turn the country into a world manufacturing hub. In this regard, providing countries with energy resources is one of the most critical tasks. At the same time, a significant problem is a dependence on regular supplies of raw materials and world prices for energy carriers. Respectively, countries should pursue a policy of diversification of suppliers of mineral products. The subject of this study is the Republic of India and its position in the world energy markets; issues of energy security and energy policy are also highlighted.

New regulation of medical devices in the EU: impact in dermatology.

Medical device (MD) is a broad term that encompasses products ranging from, for example, examination gloves to digital dermoscopy systems; all of which are regulated by a new regulatory framework in the EU from May 2021. The new Medical Device Regulation (MDR) (Regulation EU 2017/745) will have a significant effect on suppliers of MD and will have subsequent effects also for dermatologists and other clinicians. Medical device software and apps are reclassified leading to more stringent requirements on documentation within, e.g. clinical evidence, as well as regulatory authority control. The changes will likely have positive effects on quality, to the benefit of patients. There will, however, be implications affecting the availability and support of existing devices and the introduction of new devices, as well as a likely price increase due to the higher costs for suppliers. Dermatologists, other clinicians and administrators need to be aware of the effects of MDR to ensure that existing devices and new purchases can be used as planned. Specifically, clinicians need to be aware of the following: (i) improved quality of MD and follow‐up of incidents can be expected. (ii) Only ‘non‐significant’ updates will be permitted after May 2021 to many existing systems and devices unless approved under the new MDR. (iii) Existing devices that do not achieve approval under the new regulation will no longer be manufactured after May 2024. (iv) New products and methods will take longer time to be approved and available. (v) Prices will likely increase. (vi) Suppliers of products that do not fulfil the new regulation will disappear, and the availability of consumables, spare parts or upgrades might be discontinued. (vii) A trend to oligopoly may appear in the market. It is therefore important to check with your suppliers as to how and when they will adhere to the new MDR regulation.

The dynamics of dairy farming development in Belarus

The authors analyze the dynamics of the Belarusian dairy sector development within a period from 2016 to 2020 being one of the major internal and external market suppliers of milk and dairy products. Since 2011, per capita growth has reached 141 kg. Export opportunities are expanding as well. It is noted that provision of milk in this period has been stable, with the gross production reaching 7765 thousand tons of milk by 2020, or 828 kg per capita. With its share of 38,8 to 43,8% in 2016–2020, milk and dairy products were playing a leading role in the agricultural produce export ratio. The number of dairy cattle in the republic amounts to 1485 heads, as of 1st January 2021. National dairy facilities and milk industry capacities in general are being gradually renovated and subjected to technological improvements, which helps with increasing the output ration of the “extra” class milk. The industry’s needs in highly productive dairy cattle and pedigree livestock for export are well secured on account of 32 cattle breeding farms and 6 genetic selection centers. Dairy industry was given specific targets set out in the five-year program for a 2016–2020 period. During the National Programme implementation with regards to the dairy sector development, the goals set by the programme have been achieved by 90,4%.

E-Commerce Apps – Solutions for Farm-Household in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Research on Suppliers of Lychee Products According to Global Gap Standards

In the context of the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in countries around the world, it is extremely hard for farmers to consume agricultural products, thereby affecting their production results. This study was designed to analyze the factors affecting the production and business results of lychee farmers in Vietnam in the context of the influence of the Covid 19 pandemic. Data for the study was collected from a survey of about 400 lychee production households according to Global Gap standards in Vietnam. Research findings have shown that the revenue from the supply of lychee products of farmers in Vietnam has decreased after the effects of Covid 19. Along with that, factors also have different degrees of influence on the business results of lychee-producing households. Especially in the context of the Covid 19 pandemic, e-commerce has become an effective consumption channel, supporting the consumption of products of lychee producers in Vietnam. In the light of those findings, the author provided recommendations for lychee product suppliers in Vietnam on how to solve their problems.

Cельские жители Юга России о настоящем и будущем села (анализ анкетного опроса 2018 г.)

The modern Russian village has been going through difficult times for more than three decades. This was manifested in the elimination of a huge number of agricultural enterprises, the growth of socio-economic problems, and the irrevocable migration of the rural population. The social and property differentiation of farms and the villagers themselves indicates different economic models of behavior, different adaptive capabilities of the population, and the presence / absence of rural resources. Some rural areas are leaders, profitable; others, on the contrary – are outsiders, weak. The author analyzed the regions of the Republic of Kalmykia, Astrakhan oblast, Volgograd oblast, Stavropol Krai – has traditionally been a barn, providers, suppliers of primary agricultural products – meat, grain, milk, oil, grease, wool, vegetables, and fruits. At present, when all financial flows are concentrated in the capital and several major cities, these southern Russian regions, while continuing to supply all the same products, are in an unequal position with the leaders of the country's economic development. On their territories, of course, there are profitable agricultural enterprises, but most rural settlements do not belong to such, on the contrary, they are depressed and gradually disappear. The article deals with the problems of the rural population of the agrarian regions of the South of Russia. The prolonged crisis and the simultaneous decline in agricultural production led to the degradation of rural areas and a decline in the standard of living of the rural population. The main problems remain the lack of employment, low incomes, and the active outflow of the rural population.

Product Briefs

Items listed here are new or improved products on the market. See the AWWA Sourcebook (http://sourcebook.awwa.org) for a full list of product and service suppliers. Send press releases about new products to opflow@awwa.org.

Establishment of Green Supplier Evaluation and Environmental Sustainability

The Environmental criteria should be considered In addition to traditional criteria such as price, quality and delivery time. Evaluating Green Supplier Development Initiatives Recently developed here; we have reviewed some of the import studies to find out how to improve green supplier development. Indexes based on environment, depletion of raw materials, increasing pollution and environmental degradation. Broad relaxation of quantitative and qualitative criteria for measuring supplier product quality is typical of increasing global trends in policies and practices. Improving the management companies Substitution under scarcity is used to create green supplier improvement program rankings to specify quantitative information for evaluations of selected criteria. The integration and management authors develop an expanded perspective on ecosystem dynamics that can serve as a guide is context at the analytical level of dimensional process and progress improvement are found in areas such as environmental management maturity and environmental content, the relationship between production strategy, distribution, supply chain management and technology management, and quality.

Оценка технической возможности перевозки плодоовощной продукции морским транспортом между портами Каспийского моря

The modern process of fruit and vegetable transportation between countries depends not only on geographical, but also on political and economic factors, which makes for searching more efficient and shorter routes. The availability of such a transport opportunity as sea transportation between the ports of the Caspian Sea makes it possible to analyze new routes for the product transportation from Iran, Azerbaijan and other countries to Russia using dry cargo vessels that are currently used as the general cargo vessels. There have been analyzed the new routes for transportation of perishable products in refrigerated containers and assessed the possibility of their transportation on the “Volga” type bulk carriers. The routes “Astara (Azerbaijan) - Moscow”, “Astara - port Alat - port Kuryk - Moscow” have been illustrated. A general arrangement drawing of a “Volga” type dry cargo vessel (project 19610) is presented, the photographs of transporting timber and containers on the decks of dry cargo vessels are given. Calculating the load of the dry cargo ship’s power plant has shown a technical possibility of transporting 16 refrigerated containers on deck of the “Volga” type vessel without changes in the design of the ship’s power plant. Conclusions are made about the need to develop effective cargo transportation by waterways in modern conditions of the loss of traditional Russian suppliers of fruit and vegetable products, about the possibility of additional use of dry cargo ships, as well as the feasibility of developing a backup diesel generator for emergency power supply of deck refrigerated containers in connection with a possible increase in the capacity of the ship power plant.

Building greener motorhomes: How dual‐purpose technical and relational capabilities affect component and full product innovation

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study investigates how dual‐purpose technical and relational capabilities influence two types of product innovation: component and full product. We consider product modification, manufacturing, supplier relationship, and customer relationship capabilities, analyzing their interactions and interrelationships through an inductive study set in the motorhome industry. We find patterns between capabilities and types of product innovations and then use a descriptive qualitative comparative analysis to refine and explore the nuances of these relationships, uncovering combinations of capabilities that enable and inhibit different types of product innovation. We thus provide empirical evidence for how dual‐purpose capabilities are deployed dynamically, in that skills can be used in both the normal course of business and to create something new.Managerial SummaryFirms strive to innovate and create new full products and new components. Skills related to innovation include product modification, manufacturing, supplier management, and customer relations, all of which are also important for normal activities. While an adequate level of these capabilities can support the day‐to‐day business, a superior level is required to innovate. Our study of the motorhome industry indicates that supplier management is most important for component innovation and manufacturing expertise is most critical for full product innovation. However, we also find that a lack in some capabilities can be compensated for by superior capabilities in other areas, which could be important in situations of scarce resources and shows different possible paths toward product innovation.

Supply Chain Management and Risk Management in an Environment of Stochastic Uncertainty (Retail)

In the context of stochastic uncertainty and the increasing complexity of logistics processes in the retail sector, managers face a problem in obtaining accurate forecasts for the dynamics of changes in key business performance indicators. The purpose of the present work is to assess the impact of risk events and unstable conditions on the level of quality of supply chain services and economic indicators of the retail trade network. Using the anyLogistix software tool, a simulation model was constructed that allows assessing operational risks and their impact on key indicators of the supply chain using the bullwhip effect. Besides, a statistical model of the impact of the ripple effect in the event of failures caused by the occurrence of a man-made risk event and the shutdown of production of one of the suppliers on the financial, customer, and operational performance indicators of the supply chain of grocery retail. The results obtained show that the main factors of changes in the supply chain are operational risks associated with fluctuations in demand and order execution time by the distribution center. With a sufficiently high level of occurrence, their impact on productivity and quality of service is low because they can be eliminated in a short time. The simulation results show that the most tangible risks for the food retail supply chain are supply chain failures, whose consequences require significant coordinating efforts and longer recovery times, as well as additional investments. For example, events, such as a fire in one distribution center and the shutdown of production for 1 week of one of the suppliers of dairy products will lead to the loss of USD 181.75 million by the grocery retailer, which is 3% of the expected revenue. We believe that risk management in supply chains is becoming increasingly complex, and to make effective managerial decisions, it is necessary to constantly improve the tools that combine analytical and optimization methods, as well as simulation modeling.

Priority areas of state regulation of the industry in the context of sustainable development

In the article it is proved, that the economic development of any industry depends on the results of the economic activities of the enterprises that are part of it. Based on the available statistical data, we proposed a model for diagnosing the results of the mining industry and conducted a comparative analysis of the results of the study in the context of economic activities. Given the high integration of mining enterprises into the system of intersectoral relations, this problem cannot be solved within the framework of one industry. Therefore, it is proved that, taking into account the existing experience, it requires complex measures: accounts receivable are formed as a result of late payment for delivered products. The main consumers of the extractive industry are: the processing industry, the supply of electricity, gas, air conditioning and transport. They consume more than 87% of the products of this industry in the intermediate consumption market and are the most debtors; on the other hand, these regions are also the largest suppliers of raw materials, materials and semi-finished products for the extractive industry. Therefore, in the end, the accumulation of current accounts payable at the enterprises of the extractive industry for the delivered goods and services is the least desirable for them.

Carbon Border Adjustment and Other Trade Policy Approaches for Climate Protection

The idea of a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) is crucial to level the playing field between domestic producers and foreign suppliers of carbon-intensive products.

Lexicon, sensory wheel and kit as sensory communication tools: a review

A lexicon comprises a collection of standardized sensory vocabulary of product along with its unambiguous definitions and references. It is widely used as a communication tool among sensory panel and it provides sensory insights to product developers, marketing professionals, and suppliers, across countries or cultures to describe similar products. Specific sensory lexicon have been developed for beverages, dairy, fruits and vegetables, nuts and grains, soy and meat products, and animal feed. Based on its lexicon, a sensory wheel can be established hierarchically as an overview of the entire product’s sensory attributes. Furthermore, an intense training for panels is necessary to get a good sensory judgement. Sensory panel calibration can be performed such as by using sensory kit as a training tools. The aim of this paper is to review the latest developed lexicon, sensory wheel and sensory kit, as well as its application.

Product Briefs

Items listed here are new or improved products on the market. See the AWWA Sourcebook (http://sourcebook.awwa.org) for a full list of product and service suppliers. Send press releases about new products to opflow@awwa.org.

Foreign Trade as the Main Aspect of Marketing Activity: Current State and Development Prospects

The article considers foreign trade as the main aspect of marketing activities of domestic enterprises in dynamic markets. Thus, the key to effective economic development of the country is to ensure foreign economic activity. Foreign trade is the main economic factor, the key to the success of any country in the international economic arena and a decisive factor in shaping the competitiveness of enterprises and improving the quality of life. Therefore, given the unstable market conditions and market dynamics, foreign trade should be considered as a major aspect of marketing activities of domestic enterprises. Modern tendencies of development of foreign trade of Ukraine are investigated. The consequences of the pandemic impact (COVID-19) on the foreign economic activity of enterprises are analysed. Thus, the total turnover in Ukraine in 2020 decreased by 6.5 % compared to the previous year. Imports decreased in 2020 by 10.3 % less than in 2019. However, Ukraine retains a leading position in the world is the third largest exporter of grain, producing 90–100 million tons of grain annually. Agriculture also plays a significant role in the structure of exports: in 2019, agricultural enterprises brought Ukraine almost 40 % of foreign exchange earnings, demonstrating stability over the past three years. The importance of export operations in international markets was emphasized. In particular, Ukraine ranked third in the list of the largest suppliers of agricultural products to the European Union, exporting 7.3 billion Euros. The signing of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement and the implementation of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement with the EU (DCFTA) have also had a significant impact on agricultural exports to the EU since the signing of the Agreement. PEST-analysis and SWOT-analysis of Ukraine’s foreign trade were conducted. The role of agricultural enterprises in the structure of Ukraine’s foreign trade is emphasized: the basis of Ukraine’s foreign trade in 2019 remained the products of agricultural enterprises. The share of agricultural products in the total volume of Ukrainian exports amounted to 44.3 %. The prospects for the development of Ukraine’s foreign trade in unstable market conditions are indicated. Ukraine needs to analyse its foreign economic activity and the current situation: opportunities, threats, its strengths and weaknesses and increase its trade. To improve the state of foreign trade, it is proposed to focus on exports, especially agrarian enterprises.