Provision Of Goods Research Articles

Strategi Pendanaan dan Pengelolaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Kampung Semurut

Regional governments have the authority to regulate their own affairs based on the principle of autonomy and the principle of subsidiarity. The aim of this research is to analyze and explain strategies for funding and managing village income and expenditure budgets, as well as influencing factors in funding and managing budgets and income and expenditure in Semrut Village. Data collection techniques use interviews and literature studies from journals, articles and books as well as information sources published via the internet. The data analysis technique uses descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the research show that the management of the budget and expenditure income of Semerut village can be said to be effective in the form of clarity of goals achieved, clarity of strategies to achieve goals, careful planning, preparation of programs that are right on target, availability of facilities and infrastructure. Factors that support the effectiveness of managing the village's income and expenditure budget. Factors that support the effectiveness of managing the income and expenditure budget of Semrut Village include adequate human resources for the village apparatus, high participation of the productive age population, good communication between village governments. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include village topography that is difficult to reach, limited access to supplies of goods, inadequate village facilities and infrastructure, and inadequate work program planning. The conclusion of this research is that the strategy for managing the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBK) of Semrut Village is considered effective by considering indicators such as clarity of objectives, strategy, careful planning, preparation of programs that are right on target, and availability of facilities and infrastructure.

Dependences and ways to eliminate them: a past that resonates with the present

The invasion of Russian troops into Ukraine has showed, on the one hand, the high cohesion and patriotism of Ukrainian society and their perception of independence as a higher value; on the other hand - the inability to preserve it with the resources of the national economy alone, and therefore - a high external dependence on the decisions of global leaders on the provision of aid and the use of the industrial base of the West to ensure the defense and security of Ukraine. Updated by S. Mariotti, the issue of "global protectionism" needs to be considered via the prism of the contextual economic conditions for the implementation of such a policy (wars, post-war recovery, crises). The purpose of the article is to investigate, based on the experience of the pioneer of industrial revolution and the adept of free market - Great Britain, the historical facts regarding the elites’ reaction to new challenges and threats of the beginning of the 20th century, and policy measures to encourage and protect national producers and their consequences, as well as to visualize various recent examples of protectionism, and draw conclusions for Ukraine. Historical parallels between the situation at the beginning of the 20th century and the events of recent years give grounds for assuming that the answer to the question "How to speed up the recovery of Ukraine's economy during the period of severe war test?" should not be sought in modern policy measures of developed countries (where a powerful industrial potential has been created by the joint efforts of government and business over many years and the governments’ activities are focused on managing the crises to preserve and strengthen this potential), but rather in retrospective mechanisms that ensured the expansion of the existing and creation of new industries to strengthen the economic efficiency and national security. The author shows that the state financial incentives and protectionist tariffs, introduced in Great Britain in the national interest in response to new challenges and threats, were effective for more than 40 years, which helped this country develop key industries, reduce dependence on imported strategic goods, and prepare for new challenges. It is substantiated that the stimulating and protective mechanisms of India's policy, which have been launched recently to reduce dependence on the supply of strategic goods from China, are a reflection of the measures implemented by Great Britain at the beginning of the 20th century to reduce dependence on supplies of important goods from Germany. Similar mechanisms are being introduced by the United States in accordance with the interests of national security. The author demonstrates that Ukraine has lower protective tariffs not only compared to Asian countries that are developing and protecting their own industry, but also to the EU. It is substantiated that when forming a strategy for economic independence and post-war recovery, Ukraine should take into account both the historical experience of Great Britain and the modern practices of introducing policy mechanisms to encourage and protect own industries for defense and security purposes.

Abdominal function and appearance of patients after repairing the extensive skin and soft tissue defects in the limbs with two types of lower abdominal tissue flaps

Objective: To study the abdominal function and appearance of patients after repairing the extensive skin and soft tissue defects in the limbs with two types of lower abdominal tissue flaps. Methods: A retrospective clinical controlled study was conducted. From June 2016 to October 2022, 17 patients with extensive skin and soft tissue defects in the limbs who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Bone Hand Microsurgery of Shandong Wendeng Orthopedic Hospital, including 2 males and 15 females, aged 21-60 years, with a defect ranging from 15.0 cm×10.0 cm to 23.0 cm×15.0 cm. According to the applied repair method, the patients were divided into deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap group (9 cases) with the defect wound being repaired by the DIEP flap and muscle sparing transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (MS-TRAM) flap group (8 cases) with the defect wound being repaired by the MS-TRAM flap. On post surgery day (PSD) 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14, the blood supply of the tissue flaps was evaluated using a self-made tissue flap blood supply evaluation scale. At 12 months after surgery, the patients' satisfaction with the efficacy of tissue flap repair was evaluated using the satisfaction score standard for flap efficacy. Before surgery and at 3 and 12 months after surgery, a self-made abdominal wall strength evaluation scale was used to evaluate the strength of abdominal wall. At 12 months after surgery, a self-made abdominal appearance evaluation scale was used to evaluate the condition of abdominal scars, degree of abdominal symmetry, the appearance and restoration of umbilicus, abdominal protrusion during dressing, and formation of folds on both sides of the abdomen. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement, independent sample t test, paired sample t test, and Fisher's exact probability test. Results: On PSD 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14, there was no significant change in the blood supply score of tissue flaps of patients in the two groups, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). At 12 months after surgery, the satisfaction ratio of patients in DIEP flap group with tissue flap repair efficacy was 8/9, which was close to 7/8 in MS-TRAM flap group (P>0.05). The preoperative abdominal wall strength of patients between the two groups was similar (P>0.05), while the abdominal wall strength of patients in DIEP flap group was significantly stronger than that in MS-TRAM flap group at 3 and 12 months after surgery (with t values of 3.09 and 3.02, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with the preoperative strength within each group, the abdominal wall strength of patients in DIEP flap group at 3 months after surgery and in MS-TRAM flap group at 3 and 12 months after surgery decreased significantly (with t values of 6.04, 9.71, and 2.91, respectively, P<0.05), which did not change significantly in DIEP flap group at 12 months after surgery (P>0.05). At 12 months after surgery, the scores of abdominal scars, degree of abdominal symmetry, the appearance and restoration of umbilicus, abdominal protrusion during dressing, and formation of folds on both sides of the abdomen of patients were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: Free transplantation of DIEP flap and MS-TRAM flap to repair the extensive skin and soft tissue defects in the limbs can achieve good repair results, including good blood supply of tissue flap and abdominal shape, and the patients' high degree of satisfaction with the efficacy of tissue flap repair. However, DIEP flap is superior to MS-TRAM flap in terms of long-term postoperative abdominal wall strength recovery, showing a broader prospect of application.

Implementasi Karakteristik Akad Murabahah pada Produk Pembiayaan KBB (Kendaraan Bermotor Barokah) di BMT UGT Nusantara Capem Socah

The development of Islamic banking has made many Islamic banks appear, including conventional banks, to participate in opening Islamic banking services, so that the use of murabahah contracts is increasingly used. However, the reality on the ground is that many people do not understand the implementation of murabahah contracts, so that many people still think that the practices of Islamic banks and Islamic financial institutions are not much different from those of conventional banks. BMT UGT Nusantara Capem Socah provides a variety of financing products that use murabahah contracts, one of which is KBB (Barokah Motorized Vehicles), where the characteristics of the implementation of this financing BMT provides goods that customers want which are obtained from dealers directly by BMT, then sold to customers by informing the price acquisition plus profits according to the agreement between the BMT and the customer. This research uses a qualitative approach to the type of descriptive research. Data collection techniques through interviews, documentation and literature studies. The results of the study show that the implementation of the characteristics of a murabaha contract in KBB financing at BMT UGT Nusantara Capem Socah is in line with the principle of a Murabahah contract which makes BMT a supplier of goods which is used as the object of a murabaha contract that sells goods with legal ownership status, then sells them to customers at the cost price. plus profits according to the agreement of both parties and in its application using the first type, namely the consistent type of muamalah fiqh.

Analisis Fluktuasi Harga Pangan di Kota Bogor

World food trade makes it challenging to control domestic food products due to the influence of international price trends. Various issues within the country, including production and distribution, lead to fluctuations in the prices of essential food items such as rice, soybeans, chicken meat, chili, and shallots. Local governments, including the City of Bogor, play a vital role in managing price fluctuations, especially through the coordination of regional, central, and monetary policies to ensure a stable supply of goods. Most food commodities experience price pressure during harvest seasons. Unfortunately, controlling food prices becomes difficult when domestic supply decreases. This study provides an overview of the patterns of food price changes, considering variations in production capacity, seasonality, increased demand, and other specific events. The analysis involves calculating the Month-to-Month (MoM) price trends and comparing the average price with the model price for each year. The results indicate that fluctuations in food prices are influenced by factors such as commodity supply, rising production input costs, increased demand for commodities, weather conditions at agricultural production sites, import restrictions, and international demand. By optimizing cost structures in price formation, it is possible to reduce depreciation costs and transaction costs for increased efficiency. One key policy to address rising food prices is expanding the functions of Perumda Pasar Pakuan Jaya to include market operations and the management of commodity stocks, enabling better control over food prices.

Solvent Swelling-Induced Halogenation of Butyl Rubber Using Polychlorinated N-Alkanes: Structure and Properties.

Traditional butyl rubber halogenation technology involves the halogenation of IIR using molecular chlorine or bromine in a solution. However, this method is technologically complex. This study investigated a novel method for the halogenation of butyl rubber to enhance its stability and resistance to thermal oxidation and aggressive media. The butyl rubber was modified through mechanochemical modification, induced by solvent swelling in a polychlorinated n-alkane solution. During the modification, samples were obtained with chlorine content ranging from 3 to 15%. After extraction, the halogen content was quantitatively determined with the oxygen flask combustion method and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was shown that for samples with total chlorine content of up to 6%, there was almost no leaching of chlorine from the samples. The chemical structure of the extracted rubbers was ascertained using FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and it was demonstrated that all samples showed absorption peaks and signals typical for chlorobutyl rubbers. It was observed that modification with polychlorinated n-alkanes improved the thermal and oxidative stability (the oxygen absorption rate decreased by 40%) and chemical resistance, estimated by the degree of swelling, which decreased with the increase in the chlorine content. This technology allows the production of a chlorinated rubber solution that can be directly used by rubber goods manufacturers and suppliers.

An order fulfilment location planning model for perishable goods supply chains using population density

The increased frequency of purchases and growing distances between the final distribution points of the perishable products and consumers are contributing to multiple handling, high intermediation, and a greater concentration of outlets selling perishables goods. These in turn have increased logistics costs, and inefficiencies in the supply chain. This study presents a modelling framework for locating perishable goods order fulfilment centers (OFC) near the consumer by using population density as a proxy for demand. The centrality and Borda count measures are used to identify optimal locations in perishable goods supply chain networks. We present a case study to demonstrate the applicability and efficacy of the proposed density-based spatial methodology.

From the Old Financial to the New Commodity Economy in the Era of Stagflation

In the process of reducing the speculative financial adjustment that artificially stimulates consumer demand in developed countries, the importance of suppliers of physical goods (commodities) from developing countries will increase. I don’t believe in a complete dictate of commodities producers because they are dependent on counter deliveries of technologies from developed countries. However, relationships will be built between holders of physical goods, and technologies will change significantly. The pricing function for commodities will be transferred to several exchanges of developing countries which will be controlled by the commodity producers. Food consumers from Asian and African developing countries will be provided with the BRICS assistance in the creation and protection of reserve food warehouses on their territory as well as supporting their key exports through the creation of a network of new commodity exchanges. The article substantiates the need for independent formation of regional prices by the BRICS countries for the primary goods of their exports on their exchanges. I propose various combinations among the founding countries for new commodity exchanges for mineral fertilizers, oil, diamonds, titanium, vanadium, palladium, wheat, and uranium. Trading on all these new commodity exchanges must take place entirely in the currencies of the engaged countries.

Corporate price dynamics during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic: Insights from a partial equilibrium model

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic created an unprecedented demand and supply shock to the world economies. To understand its impact on corporate prices, we define a partial equilibrium model where non‐financial corporations operating in three sectors (suppliers, end‐producers and service providers) optimize their production under monopolistic competition and are subject to demand and supply shocks of different intensities. Our model confirms that when the demand shock dominates, prices tend to decrease. We then introduce data from the COVID‐19 pandemic in the European Union into our model and find that prices are expected to fall in the most acute phase of the pandemic, when lockdowns and similar health measures decrease demand, and to increase later as a result of tensions in the supply of intermediate goods and of the persistence of the supply shock. Inventories could play a decisive role in avoiding price increases in the moderate phase of the pandemic. In the post‐pandemic period, higher prices may continue for a time until the shock to suppliers vanishes. These are relevant insights on the macroeconomic impact of worldwide pandemics, also considering the current macroeconomic environment.

Structure and functional characteristics of zooplankton and food supply for nekton in the western Bering Sea

Structure and functional characteristics of zooplankton and feeding of the most abundant nekton species (pollock, herring and salmons) are analyzed using the data of ecosystem survey in the western Bering Sea in 2020 and compared with the structural indices for 2015−2019. The main patterns of composition and distribution of zooplankton and production of organic matter by zooplankton are determined. High values and turnover rate of production are noted for the non-predatory zooplankton (mainly copepods and euphausiids) in the eastern Anadyr Bay, the area at Cape Navarin, the shelf of Koryak coast, and the continental slope of Olyutorsky Bay. High production of predatory zooplankton (mainly hyperiids) is found on the slope of Karaginsky Bay, presumably because of these species transport from the southern areas with later stage of the seasonal succession. In autumn 2020, walleye pollock and pacific herring consumed from 15 to 55 % of the copepod, euphausiid and hyperiid production. This level of consumption did not affect their food supply because of very high turnover rate of these taxonomic groups of plankton. In the deep-water areas, salmons did not use more than 3 % of their food resource. Thus, the survey data indicate a good food supply for the most abundant nekton species in the western Bering Sea in the fall season.

Dynamics of Bilateral Digital Trade: The Case of a Korea–EU Digital Partnership

The rapid growth of digital trade has had a profound impact on global economies, revolutionizing trading practices and facilitating trade expansion. The purpose of this paper is to explore the digital partnership between Korea and the European Union (EU) and its implications for their shared agenda in digital trade to theorize the dynamics of digital trade. A case study method is used to explore trade between Korea and the EU with in-depth descriptive analysis. Digital trade-flow statistics were analyzed to develop the case for Korea and EU digital trade and derive implications for both countries. The findings were generalized by discussing the relevant literature and data from other countries to identify the wider implications. The analysis was focused on the areas of information and communication technology and e-commerce. The findings suggest uncovered trade imbalances, such as Korea’s surplus of ICT goods exports and the EU’s dominant position in online trade. There is an influence of supply chain dynamics, specifically the presence of Korean manufacturers’ production units in countries like Vietnam, and the same dynamics have shaped Korea’s actual place in the supply of ICT goods to the European market. While the digital partnership was established to align regulatory frameworks and foster trust, transparency, and harmonization in the digital domain, it has failed to adequately reflect the importance of digital trade. Although both sides are motivated to collaborate on the harmonization of digital trade rules, there have been instances where the partners’ interests diverge. It is concluded that some political and economic factors may hinder the effectiveness of the digital partnership, unless concrete measures that go beyond traditional bilateral policymaking approaches are implemented. It is therefore recommended to emphasize the need to enhance the efficacy of the digital partnership by taking bolder actions to develop digital trade.

GST: An Analysis Of The Collection And Contribution Of GST In FY 2022-23

Tax revenue is the major source of revenue for the Indian Government. The entire tax system is segregated into direct and indirect taxes. Both have their popularity in the country’s economy. Indirect tax is also called GST. GST stands for 'Goods and Service Tax'. About 175 countries have implemented GST and France was the first country to introduce the concept of GST in 1854 in the world. In India on 1st July 2017 the new concept of indirect tax i.e. GST was implemented. It is a single-livery indirect tax enforced in place of various types of indirect taxes that were imposed by central and state governments before GST such as VAT, excise duty, service tax, luxury tax, purchase tax, etc. Under GST the identical rate of tax applies to particular goods and services throughout the nation that is why it is also called ‘ One Nation, One Tax”. The responsible government either central or state imposes the GST on the supply of goods and services that take place in the country as well as outside the country (import and export). The main aims of the government behind the implementation of the GST were to bring the livery tax system, forbid the progression of black money, and simplify the Indian tax system. Goods and Service Tax has been making its contribution to the Indian economy every year since 2017. The present study sheds light on the collection of GST in FY 2022-23 and evaluates the contributions made by different constituents of businesses to GST. And also discussed the different components and objectives of Goods and Service Tax.

Тренды и перспективы развития логистики в интернет-торговле на примере доставки на последней миле маркетплейсов

In recent years the volume of online commerce has increased rapidly. The share of online sales is 15% of retail and 30% of non-food retail, and the bulk of online sales (73%) are sales on marketplaces. Logistics is of great importance in online commerce, especially last-mile delivery, which is a complex and expensive component of logistics. Couriers contribute to the formation of the “quality” of the goods for the client, and “traffic jams” and the number of orders complicate the planning process and increase the cost of the service. Currently, last mile delivery is a service with a high level of automation and a high achieved quality standard: delivery at a specified time interval, delivery in 15 minutes, order tracking, delivery with fitting, etc. More recently, marketplaces sacrificed operational efficiency in pursuit of customers and growth indicators. Today, in the absence of Western financing, operational efficiency comes first and many actions of market places are associated with its increase. In logistics, there is a tendency at the last mile to shift the cost of delivery from the marketplace to the end consumer or supplier of goods (depending on the trading conditions chosen by the supplier). The service has become standardized, and marketplaces are beginning to abandon their own delivery services and use outsourcing. It can be assumed that the next step towards improving operational efficiency in large cities will be the zoning of delivery by regions with the allocation of darkstores. It can also be assumed that there will be a unification of the points of delivery of goods of various marketplaces and their approximation to the final consumer.

Движущие силы мирового продовольственного кризиса

The food crisis, which is expressed primarily in significantly increasing prices in the absence of a serious shortage of food, has become one of the principal issues on the global agenda. The global food inflation began long before the military conflict in Ukraine, which Western countries are trying to declare the key cause of the global food crisis. It has been stated that the crisis in the energy and fertilizer markets, the military conflict and sanctions imposed on Russia, as well as extreme climatic conditions undoubtedly exacerbated the food crisis. The rapid rise in world prices for energy and other resources has led to higher production costs and, ultimately, higher food prices, but has not become a driver of food inflation. It has been inferred that the causes of the crisis can be explained by the modern arrangement of the world food system. These include, first of all, the structure of world agriculture and the formation of food prices under the influence of financial speculation in agricultural raw-material markets. It has been found that mitigation and even removal of restrictions on the supply of agricultural goods and fertilizers from Russia cannot be the only and complete solution to the food crisis, which is based on the fundamental reasons. The dynamics of the indicators of the consumer price index for food products in the world according to the estimates of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO) has been illustrated.

Impact of Remittances on Inflation in Nigeria

International remittances have emerged as an indispensable financial resource for development. However, despite remittances’ growing relevance in overall foreign financial flows in Nigeria, the consumptionoriented nature of the economy of the country presents an intriguing opportunity to consider the connection between foreign remittances and inflation within the country. This study investigates the influence of foreign remittances on inflation in Nigeria from 1990 to 2021. The autoregressive distributed lag technique was employed to scrutinize the long-term behavior of inflation and remittances. The empirical findings indicate that foreign remittances exhibit a negative and statistically insignificant correlation with inflation in Nigeria. The money supply has a satisfactory impact on inflation and is statistically substantial. According to statistical analysis, the exchange rate and economic growth have a negative correlation with inflation, while the exchange rate of the national currency remains stable. Additionally, economic growth has a significant impact on inflation, whereas no correlation has been found between remittances and inflation in the short run. The study argues that in order to ensure price stability, it is important to establish and maintain a mechanism that effectively controls the growth of the money supply and aligns it with economic development goals. This mechanism should promote interaction between financial and fiscal authorities to establish a coherent structure that adjusts monetary policy based on government spending, stimulates sustainable economic growth to reduce inflation, and encourages the creation of jobs and production zones to accelerate economic growth. This may lower inflation by increasing the supply of goods and services. It is necessary to support these efforts by regularly monitoring exchange rate changes and their implications for inflation. Nigeria can maintain economic stability and low inflation by balancing domestic and foreign financial flows.

Agricultural policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the integration potential of the EAEU

The goal is to explore the processes of regulation of integration initiatives and prospects for the development of agrifood sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Methods – economic-statistical, system approach, comparative analysis, expert-analytical. Results – the main directions of agricultural policy of interstate interaction of the EAEU member countries are considered. The mutual trade of Kazakhstan with the states of the Eurasian Economic Union, the share of foreign trade turnover and supplies of goods for export, import levels, and export quotas are shown. The authors reveal problems that indicate the low competitiveness of agricultural products in the domestic market of the republic: underdeveloped infrastructure of agro-industrial complex, small-scale agricultural entities, wear and tear of fixed assets, use of land resources that does not give the desired result, insufficient productivity in livestock sector. The authors note a reduction in flour production, sunflower seed processing, and underutilized production capacity of dairy industry enterprises. The situation is the same with production of butter. The article substantiates the need for the spread of food clusters, formation of cross-border integrated structures that allow direct convenient access to the markets of neighboring countries and create conditions for strengthening international trade. In turn, economic growth in these regions contributes to the organization of new jobs, qualitative transformations, optimization of the transport system and competitive advantages of regional economic entities, improving the living standard of the population, and providing a wide range of services. Conclusions – attention is focused on the importance of Eurasian integration. Proposals are given for the development of the domestic food segment, taking into account the integration potential of the EAEU; it is proposed to organize a joint association of food companies within the Eurasian Economic Union for the effective functioning of specialized production facilities, which will improve the quality of products by reducing production costs, promptly draw up a real balance of supply and demand for agricultural crops, determine the volume of domestic consumption and export potential. Instead of quotas, it is advisable to practice export monitoring. Should be modernize the logistics infrastructure, including on the basis of intermodal transport.

PEMILIHAN SUPPLIER MINYAK JELANTAH BAHAN BAKU BIOSOLAR DENGAN METODE ELECTRE

CV. Fred Jelantah is a CV engaged in the industrial sector, namely suppliers of used cooking oil as raw material for biodiesel. In the process of meeting the needs for supply of goods, CV.Fred Jelantah requires more than one supplier. So far, CV. Fred Jelantah still uses a subjective process in considering supplier selection. This causes inaccuracies in the supply of goods such as oil quality and timeliness of supply. The research objective of modeling a decision support system using the ELECTRE method is to be able to provide the best supplier references accurately and subjectively unconventionally for CV. Fred Jelantah. In calculating the ELECTRE method, 4 alternatives and 5 criteria are determined. Based on the results of the research conducted, the highest ranking results were obtained, namely the Jelantah Kelud and Kuli Jelantah alternatives with a total value of 1.

What's Talent Got to Do with It? The Collective Labourer and the Rise of Barcelona's Digital Economy

AbstractThis article explains the recent rise to prominence of Barcelona's digital economy, and, specifically, the role played by the city's “talent”. After developing a Marxian approach, we show how Barcelona's success rests upon a good supply of low‐cost, appropriately skilled labour fit for insertion into labour processes that can generally not be described as innovative or of high‐knowledge, high‐skill intensity. There is, in fact, a dearth of highly skilled labour‐power in the city, and inflows of foreign labour and outflows of freshly trained “talent” from the city's bootcamps are only swelling the ranks of a lower‐paid, moderately skilled knowledge workforce—many of whom work in low‐quality jobs. Finally, we show how leading startups in the digital economy are contributing to the expansion of “non‐standard” forms of precarious work. We conclude by highlighting the limits to the development and realisation of human productive subjectivity or talent under capital today, even in a widely hyped technopole such as Barcelona.

Social capability and long-term sustained growth

Long-term growth is not a simple transition along the path of equilibrium growth, but a process of the interplay of technological, economic, institutional, and social factors. Social capability is an important prerequisite for late-developing countries to catch up with leading countries, and the combination of social capability and the technology gap co-determine the potential of a country to improve productivity through catching up. This paper clarifies the theoretical mechanism of social capability to promote economic growth, and reveals that accountability quality may become capability gap which impedes the convergence of economic growth of the low-income countries by analyzing the panel data from 166 countries over the period 1996–2019. This paper believes that with the rising income level, it is the general path of sustained economic growth to promote the modernization of economic structure while ensuring the supply of goods and effective social incentives.

Supply chain myths in the resilience and deglobalization narrative: consequences for policy

The economic disruptions experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine have generated a narrative of resilience and deglobalization that brings the old world order into question. Heightened public attention on perceived supply chain failures has exerted pressure on governments to intervene in firm-level operations to assure supply of essential or strategic goods. This paper argues that the narrative is founded on false premises. In particular, three supply chain myths have emerged in public and academic discourse: (i) lean management has gone too far and exacerbated disruptions in global supply chains; (ii) efficient supply chains are less resilient; and (iii) foreign supply makes supply chains less resilient. We argue that these beliefs are not adequately supported by evidence. They can displace analysis to negatively impact policy and actually diminish resilience. Drawing upon IB and supply chain management research, we investigate the root causes of perceived market failures. Recommendations are for an evidence-based debate on current events and policies.