Supplemental Resource Research Articles

Implementing supplementary breast cancer screening in women with dense breasts: Insights from European radiographers and radiologists

IntroductionIn response to the critical need for enhancing breast cancer screening for women with dense breasts, this study explored the understanding of challenges and requirements for implementing supplementary breast cancer screening for such women among clinical radiographers and radiologists in Europe. MethodFourteen (14) semi-structured online interviews were conducted with European clinical radiologists (n = 5) and radiographers (n = 9) specializing in breast cancer screening from 8 different countries: Denmark, Finland, Greece, Italy, Malta, the Netherlands, Switzerland, United Kingdom. The interview schedule comprised questions regarding professional background and demographics and 13 key questions divided into six subgroups, namely Supplementary Imaging, Training, Resources and Guidelines, Challenges, Implementing supplementary screening and Women's Perspective. Data analysis followed the six phases of reflexive thematic analysis. ResultsSix significant themes emerged from the data analysis: Understanding and experiences of supplementary imaging for women with dense breasts; Challenges and requirements related to training among clinical radiographers and radiologists; Awareness among radiographers and radiologists of guidelines on imaging women with dense breasts; Challenges to implement supplementary screening; Predictors of Implementing Supplementary screening; Views of radiologists and radiographers on women's perception towards supplementary screening. ConclusionThe interviews with radiographers and radiologists provided valuable insights into the challenges and potential strategies for implementing supplementary breast cancer screening. These challenges included patient and staff related challenges. Implementing multifaceted solutions such as Artificial Intelligence integration, specialized training and resource investment can address these challenges and promote the successful implementation of supplementary screening. Further research and collaboration are needed to refine and implement these strategies effectively. Implications for practiceThis study highlights the urgent need for specialized training programs and dedicated resources to enhance supplementary breast cancer screening for women with dense breasts in Europe. These resources include advanced imaging technologies, such as MRI or ultrasound, and specialized software for image analysis. Moreover, further research is imperative to refine screening protocols and evaluate their efficacy and cost-effectiveness, based on the findings of this study.

The Politics of Suicide: Miasma and Katharmos in Plato’s Political Thought

Despite the laudable efforts of the medical and scientific community, the suicide contagion of the early twenty first century shows little sign of abating, especially amongst veterans. This article suggests that a supplemental resource for addressing the contemporary problem of suicide might be found in the history of political thought. Namely, we suggest turning to Plato who construes suicide as an action perpetrated by an identifiable and culpable individual who, in committing suicide, harms the polis itself. For Plato, this political harm must be understood in terms of pollution (miasma) and purification (katharmos). We suggest that Plato’s arguments against suicide might be helpfully adapted into our preventative repertoire today, and that these arguments might be particularly poignant and helpful for military service members, both active duty and veteran.

Two predators, one prey model that integrates the effect of supplementary food resources due to one predator's kleptoparasitism under the possibility of retribution by the other predator

In ecology, foraging requires animals to expend energy in order to obtain resources. The cost of foraging can be reduced through kleptoparasitism, the theft of a resource that another individual has expended effort to acquire. Thus, kleptoparasitism is one of the most significant feeding techniques in ecology. The phenomenon of kleptoparasitism has garnered significant attention from scholars due to its substantial impact on the food chain. However, the proportionate amount of mathematical modelling to facilitate the analysis has made limited progress in the literature. This circumstance motivated us to develop mathematical models that could explain the population dynamics of the prey-predator food chain. This study explores a scenario with two predators and one prey, where one predator is a kleptoparasite and the other is a host. The energy depletion caused by the predator's counterattack subsequent to kleptoparasitism, notwithstanding the nonlethal nature of this antagonism, is an additional component incorporated into this model. It has been suggested that biologically viable equilibria must meet certain parametric conditions in order to exist and to be stable both locally and globally. This article delves deeply into the occurrences of various one-parametric bifurcations, such as saddle-node bifurcation, transcritical bifurcation, and Hopf bifurcation, as well as two-parametric bifurcations, such as Bautin bifurcation. A subcritical Hopf bifurcation happens when the growth rate of the first predator is relatively low, while a supercritical Hopf bifurcation occurs when the growth rate of the first predator is quite large, allowing for the coexistence of all three species. Numerical simulations have been conducted to validate our theoretical findings.

Learning more about derivative: leveraging online resources for varied realizations

Recent literature underlines the increasing use of online platforms in learning undergraduate mathematics, where students refer to these as supplementary resources to develop their mathematical understanding. Through an intrinsic case study, we focus on a highly viewed YouTube learning resource for learning derivative. The selected case is from 3Blue1Brown, a YouTube channel whose founder has received an award from the American Mathematical Society. The video has garnered more than 3.3 million views in the past couple of years. Reflecting on the relevant literature, a realization tree for derivative is developed and then used as an analytical tool to analyze this resource to explore what realizations have been used in it to facilitate students’ understanding of derivative. The findings indicate that the analyzed YouTube resource discusses various realizations of derivative, including all its five main realizations, and effectively utilizes new digital technology for discussing these realizations. Such an exceptional resource for learning mathematics leads us to suggest that mathematics lecturers raise their awareness about such online free resources and incorporate them into their teaching packages when appropriate to facilitate student learning.

Addressing Knowledge Gaps in ITSM Practice with “Learning Digital Commons”: A Case Study

AbstractInformation Technology Service Management (ITSM) constitutes a suite of specialized organizational capabilities aimed at optimizing the value derived from IT services. The practice of ITSM encompasses a range of complementary frameworks. However, the practitioner community lacks a comprehensive, holistic understanding of the knowledge embedded within these frameworks.Addressing this gap, we developed Service-Symphony, an instance of a Learning Digital Commons (LEDICO) designed to empower the ITSM community with a holistic knowledge-learning experience, with design principles based on epistemic logic, cognitive constructivist learning theory and cognitive schema theory. Leveraging the Design Science Research (DSR) paradigm, we systematically constructed and assessed Service-Symphony. Evaluation tools included surveys and web analytics. Survey responses revealed a consensus among participants, with the majority expressing alignment with the four design principles underpinning Service-Symphony. Web analytics data further indicated significant engagement, with 148,796 users accessing Service-Symphony between April 2019 and September 2022.This paper contributes both to theory and practice. Theoretical contributions include the establishment of a conceptual model and a multi-grounded design theory based on cognitive constructivist learning, cognitive schema and epistemic logic. The practical contributions include e the deployment of a public domain ITSM digital commons tailored to the specific needs of the ITSM community, which is also used as supplementary learning resource for ITSM students.

IGAMT: Privacy-Preserving Electronic Health Record Synthesization with Heterogeneity and Irregularity

Integrating electronic health records (EHR) into machine learning-driven clinical research and hospital applications is important, as it harnesses extensive and high-quality patient data to enhance outcome predictions and treatment personalization. Nonetheless, due to privacy and security concerns, the secondary purpose of EHR data is consistently governed and regulated, primarily for research intentions, thereby constraining researchers' access to EHR data. Generating synthetic EHR data with deep learning methods is a viable and promising approach to mitigate privacy concerns, offering not only a supplementary resource for downstream applications but also sidestepping the confidentiality risks associated with real patient data. While prior efforts have concentrated on EHR data synthesis, significant challenges persist in the domain of generating synthetic EHR data: balancing the heterogeneity of real EHR including temporal and non-temporal features, addressing the missing values and irregular measures, and ensuring the privacy of the real data used for model training. Existing works in this domain only focused on solving one or two aforementioned challenges. In this work, we propose IGAMT, an innovative framework to generate privacy-preserved synthetic EHR data that not only maintain high quality with heterogeneous features, missing values, and irregular measures but also balances the privacy-utility trade-off. Extensive experiments prove that IGAMT significantly outperforms baseline architectures in terms of visual resemblance and comparable performance in downstream applications. Ablation case studies also prove the effectiveness of the techniques applied in IGAMT.

Improving Health Literacy of Elective Procedures in Pediatric Otolaryngology.

To identify if the addition of supplementary material, such as video or written resources, to the consent process, can improve a patient's or guardian's health literacy in pediatric otolaryngology. Prospective randomized crossover design. Tertiary Academic Center. From April 18, 2022 to August 29, 2023, 151 children scheduled to undergo 1 of 6 procedures by the same provider were queried and completed a 6-question baseline test based on the information. They each watched a 2-minute video and read a written summary about the procedure; the order of resources was randomized. They answered the same 6-questions after viewing each resource. All tests were scored based on accuracy using an ordinal scale of 1 to 6. Resource preference was collected. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were run to analyze differences in scores after the addition of supplementary resources and logistic regression modeling was run to analyze demographic effects on postresource score differences. Of 151 participants, 74.2% were guardians, with 78.8% having completed a high school or greater education. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that postresource scores were statistically significantly higher (P < .001) than pretest scores. Logistic regression modeling showed that participants were less likely to show score improved if they were younger than 18 and were of white race. A majority (87.4%) preferred the addition of a video to the consent process. The addition of video or written resources significantly improves understanding of elective procedures. The development of procedure-specific resources can supplement the consent process and ensure decision-makers have adequate health literacy for informed decision-making.

Culture-based lesson exemplar (CBLE) on least mastered learning competencies in science 4

This study presents the development of a Culture-Based Lesson Exemplar (CBLE) in Science 4, strategically tailored to address the least mastered learning competencies, with the aim of elevating learners' proficiency. Employing a Research and Development (R&amp;D) methodology, the research conducted an actual count of Public Grade 4 Science teachers from the Schools Division of Ilocos Norte (SDOIN), Schools Division of the City of Batac (SDCB), and Schools Division Office of Laoag City as its respondents. To address the research objectives, three research instruments were employed: a survey-questionnaire, content validation, and a level of acceptability assessment. The CBLE in Science 4 is meticulously crafted to facilitate teachers' guided comprehension of scientific concepts and enhance Grade 4 pupils' mastery of the subject matter. This instructional material seamlessly integrates local icons, narratives, resources, and scenarios that reflect the rich Ilocano culture while preserving the core scientific concepts. The CBLE underwent rigorous content validation, encompassing objectives, content alignment, values formation, technical attributes, and instructional quality. Furthermore, its level of acceptability was gauged through the input of a group of end-users. The research findings indicate that the proposed CBLE demonstrates very high validity and garners a high level of acceptability. Consequently, this meticulously developed material serves as an invaluable supplementary resource for educators aiming to enhance the mastery, performance, and comprehension of Grade 4 learners in science. The validation process yielded an overall mean rating of 4.75, affirming the practical utility and quality of the developed material for educational purposes.

MULTIMODAL CONTENT ANALYSIS OF 21ST CENTURY SKILLS IN AN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK

English textbooks are a valuable tool for promoting the development of 21st century skills. Meanwhile, multimodal texts in textbooks are employed by authors to convey meaning through verbal and visual modes, thus necessitating the adoption of multimodal analysis as the most efficacious method for its elucidation. Regrettably, there exists a dearth of literature concerning the application of this approach for analyzing textbooks. To fill this gap, the study examined 21st century skills in an English textbook. This study used content analysis with multimodal social semiotic approach. The subject of the study was an English textbook “English for Nusantara” for the seventh-grade students. The result shown that critical thinking and problem-solving skill was the most frequent type. However, the study did not find any mention of media literacy, and there were only a few instances of economic literacy and global awareness. It is suggested that future revisions should include them. Moreover, English teachers are urged to actively participate in the process of textbook selection and augment the instructional materials with supplementary resources to mitigate any inadequacies of the textbook.

KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES TOWARD BIOTECHNOLOGY IN STEM EDUCATION AS AN INDICATOR OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY

Biotechnology has great importance as a socioscientific issue in STEM education. This study aimed to explore the knowledge and attitudes of college students toward biotechnology. A total of 236 university students participated in the study. Questionnaires on knowledge and attitudes towards biotechnology were used for data collection. The results revealed that participants had inadequate knowledge about several basic concepts related to genetics and biotechnology, particularly those concerning genetically modified organisms. The results regarding the attitudes revealed more neutral results. The participants had a neutral attitude towards biotechnology, with mean scores ranging from 2.71 to 3.55. They were generally against buying genetically modified products but supported biotechnology for medical purposes and strongly desired to increase their knowledge about genetically modified products. The participants did not have a negative opinion of biotechnology in general but were critical of its purpose and use. The correlation analysis between knowledge and attitudes produced weak correlations. Offering supplementary resources on biotechnology can enhance students' and individual’s understanding and attitudes of this topic. Keywords: biotechnology education, attitudes toward biotechnology, knowledge of biotechnology, socioscientific issue, STEM education

Overcoming obstacles to mammography screening: Examining the role of offline healthcare barriers and online patient-provider communication.

Barriers to accessing offline healthcare may discourage patients from undergoing mammography screening. Online patient-provider communication (OPPC) offers a supplementary health resource that can complement traditional medical encounters and facilitate mammography screening. This study examines how offline healthcare barriers influence mammography screening, taking into account OPPC as an independent variable and cancer fatalism and patient activation as two mediators. Data from the 2017, 2018, and 2020 iterations of the Health Information National Trends Survey were used for this study. Results showed that OPPC was positively linked to mammography screening. Offline healthcare barriers had a negative association with patient activation and subsequent mammography behaviors. Moreover, offline healthcare barriers and OPPC were associated with mammography screening through serial mediation of cancer fatalism and patient activation. This study has important implications for encouraging mammography screening.

Benefit-Cost Analysis of Nonprofit Cataract Surgery Services: A Social Return on Investment Approach at the Mexican Institute of Ophthalmology

Cataract is the primary cause of treatable blindness in low- and middle-income countries. Due to limited resources, the public sector often fails to provide adequate services, resulting in long waiting times, low quality or significant quantity gaps. Nonprofits are crucial in providing supplementary or complementary funding and resources for affordable eye care and other public goods and services. This study evaluates costs and benefits of cataract surgery at the nonprofit Mexican Institute of Ophthalmology (IMO) using data from interviews conducted in 2022 to estimate its social return. For every peso invested, the average stakeholder receives a 12:1 return in improved autonomy, self-confidence, and reduced stress levels. Sensitivity analysis suggests a SROI ratio of at least 2:1 in the most restrictive scenario, increasing to 33:1 under more lenient assumptions. Measuring and communicating the social value of nonprofit activities is critical for optimizing resource allocation, enhancing accountability, and generating valuable insights into their effectiveness.

Academic Performance of Learners using Bacolod Compendium 61 Materials: Basis for an Enhancement Plan

This study aimed to determine the academic performance of learners using Bacolod Compendium 61 as supplementary instructional materials in teaching Grade Two Araling Panlipunan in seven (7) elementary schools of District 7 during the school year 2022-2023. Bacolod Compendium 61 are competency-based supplementary learning resources anchored on Grade 2 Araling Panlipunan coverage “Ang Komunidad Noon at Ngayon. Respondents of this study were Grade 2 teachers and learners. The variables for the teachers included in this study were age, sex, length of service, highest educational attainment, and type of school. The areas of the effectiveness of Bacolod Compendium 61 are alignment of content, quality, and usability or ease of use. Frequency and percentage were utilized to determine the demographic profile of the teachers. The mean was employed to determine the effectiveness of Bacolod Compendium 61 materials. Frequency and percentage were used to determine the academic performance of learners. To determine the significant difference Mann-Whitney Test was used. Goodman-Kruskal’s Gamma (G) or Gamma Coefficient Formula was used to determine the relationship. Three (3) experts validated the researcher-made questionnaires that were used in this investigation. It was conducted at Andres Bonifacio Elementary School I with thirty (30) teacher-respondents. During the actual data gathering, information was gathered from three hundred eighty-one (381) learners and (forty-six) 46 teachers in Grade 2. Main objective of this study was to evaluate the Bacolod Compendium 61 materials' efficacy in three (3) areas namely: Alignment of content, quality of materials, and ease of use. Results of the study showed that the level of academic performance of learners using Bacolod Compendium 61 supplementary materials as to the alignment of content, quality, and usability/ease of use were very high. This scientific investigation further proved that the level of academic performance of learners was outstanding as per use of Bacolod Compendium 61 Materials. Thus, the positive feedback of this research, highly recommends the full utilization of Bacolod Compendium 61 Materials in 46 elementary schools in the Division of Bacolod City. The conduct of SOK-SAY-LYMPICS: Bacolod Compendium 61 Quiz shall serve as assessment of learning on localization and indigenization is hereby recommended to be done yearly which shall be participated by 100% of the elementary schools in SDO Bacolod City. Other similar learning resources are hereby recommended to be crafted that can also be used as supplementary learning and reading remediation materials. Future researchers are highly encouraged the conduct of sequel researches highlighting on the effectiveness of localized resources in one’s local communities which aims to produce 21st century learners that are globally competitive with in-depth pride of one’s rich local cultural heritage.

Student Usage of Supplemental Online Resources at a Regional Medical School Campus

Medical students have self-reported the importance of online resources for learning course materials and for preparing for USMLE exams. However, reports describing the actual usage of online resources by medical students are less abundant. In this article, we report the actual usage of institutionally-provided online resources by first-year students from the Medical College of Wisconsin-Central Wisconsin (MCW-CW) regional campus. From 2017 through 2022, different cohorts of first-year students were provided access to three different online supplemental resources: Draw It to Know It (DITKI), Osmosis and Anatomy.TV (powered by Primal Pictures). Most of the students in the study accessed one or more online resources, but the extent to which students accessed each of these materials was highly variable. Based on self-reported data we expected more students to use these resources to a greater degree. Our results suggest that rather than purchasing institutional licenses to online resources, institutional funds might be better used in another manner, possibly by providing students a scholarship/stipend towards an individual license to an online resource for which the student can provide evidence of extensive use.

Enhancing Postoperative Cochlear Implant Care With ChatGPT-4: A Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Assisted Patient Education and Support.

Cochlear implantation is a critical surgical intervention for patients with severe hearing loss. Postoperative care is essential for successful rehabilitation, yet access to timely medical advice can be challenging, especially in remote or resource-limited settings. Integrating advanced artificial intelligence (AI) tools like Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT)-4in post-surgical care could bridge the patient education and support gap. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4 as a supplementary information resource for postoperative cochlear implant patients. The focus was on evaluating the AI chatbot's ability to provide accurate, clear, and relevant information, particularly in scenarios where access to healthcare professionals is limited. Five common postoperative questions related to cochlear implant care were posed to ChatGPT-4. The AI chatbot's responses were analyzed for accuracy, response time, clarity, and relevance. The aim was to determine whether ChatGPT-4 could serve as a reliable source of information for patients in need, especially if the patients could not reach out to the hospital or the specialists at that moment. ChatGPT-4 provided responses aligned with current medical guidelines, demonstrating accuracy and relevance. The AI chatbot responded to each query within seconds, indicating its potential as a timely resource. Additionally, the responses were clear and understandable, making complex medical information accessible to non-medical audiences. These findings suggest that ChatGPT-4 could effectively supplement traditional patient education, providing valuable support in postoperative care. The study concluded that ChatGPT-4 has significant potential as a supportive tool for cochlear implant patients post surgery. While it cannot replace professional medical advice, ChatGPT-4 can provide immediate, accessible, and understandable information, which is particularly beneficial in special moments. This underscores the utility of AI in enhancing patient care and supporting cochlear implantation.

Approaching the ‘Social Context of Writing Practices in Late Bronze Age Ugarit’

Abstract This review article discusses points raised in Philip Boyes's 2021 monograph Script and Society: The Social Context of Writing Practices in Late Bronze Age Ugarit. The arguments of the book are summarized, contextualized, and evaluated from an Ugaritological disciplinary perspective; remarks on method and opportunities for future research are presented; and a series of specific comments is offered as a supplementary resource for readers and researchers interested in further pursuing the topics Boyes addresses.

The use of Khan Academy as a teaching tool in cellular biology: a study in a public school in the municipality of Humaitá-AM

The present study aims to thoroughly examine the utilization of the educational platform Khan Academy as a highly effective teaching tool in the discipline of biology, specifically within the context of cellular biology, intending to analyze its impact on high school students' performance. Understanding the intrinsic processes of cells holds paramount importance in establishing a strong foundation in biological sciences, endowing cellular biology with a fundamental role in this context. Khan Academy represents an online teaching platform that adopts an innovative approach to facilitate learning, providing access to a broad spectrum of educational resources such as video lectures, practical exercises, and interactive materials. This study was conducted within the scope of a formal educational environment, relying on a controlled experimental method, aiming to meticulously evaluate the effects of employing this platform on students' learning process. The outcomes of this study indicated significant improvements in the academic performance of students who utilized Khan Academy as a supplementary resource. Students who engaged with this platform demonstrated a notable accumulation of knowledge, a deeper understanding of cellular biology concepts, and also expressed greater satisfaction regarding the learning process. The collected and analyzed data revealed that the use of Khan Academy had a positive impact both on the assimilation and retention of knowledge in cellular biology, clearly reflected in the academic results of the students. Thus, this study corroborates the potential of Khan Academy as a robust and effective tool in teaching cellular biology, offering valuable insights for educators, educational institutions, and students aiming to enhance the quality of teaching and learning in this specific area. The confirmation of these results reinforces the relevance of using innovative educational platforms in the contemporary educational context, especially in strengthening students' foundational knowledge and advancing their understanding in cellular biology.

Web-based applications in higher education: revolutionising language learning in the digital age

This research article aimed to examine the utilisation of web applications in higher education, specifically focusing on their presentation and usage. Methodology: a mixed approach was used in the study. The results showed that by analysing how these applications are used and discussing user perspectives, the study shed light on the interplay between technical functionality and social engagement in information and communication technologies. Students in higher education view educational web applications as supplementary resources, utilising them for tasks such as translation and pronunciation practice. It can be concluded that the active and productive use of educational mobile applications by students in Ukraine has notably increased, particularly in the context of war. The key benefits reported by students included the accessibility and convenience of web-based educational tools. These applications serve as both learning aids and motivational tools, addressing challenges such as remote learning and limited English-language materials. The widespread use of web applications during times of war has proven instrumental in maintaining educational access and quality in Ukraine.

Using artificial intelligence platforms to support student learning in physiology.

The advent of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered language models presents new opportunities and challenges in education. By teaching students how to craft prompts that elicit insightful responses, faculty can scaffold activities where AI acts as a supplemental resource to amplify critical thinking and support student learning. Ongoing dialogue and iteration focused on ethical usage norms can achieve the right balance between emerging technology and foundational skills development. With care and intention, AI-assisted study tactics offer students personalized support while adhering to academic standards. While AI-powered tools provide many positive opportunities, students and faculty need to learn about and use them responsibly and ethically, not as replacements for required thinking and effort. Before implementing these AI tools for studying biology, there are several key things to discuss with students. This article outlines several ways that students can employ these tools to support better learning along with a set of guidelines for all to be wary of when implementing these in an academic setting.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Utilizing of artificial intelligence tools offers a promising new technology to support student learning. This article outlines several ways that students can employ these tools to support better learning along with a set of guidelines for all to be wary of when implementing these in an academic setting.

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Social Media As A Supplementary Resource In Blended Learning: A Comparative Study

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Social Media As A Supplementary Resource In Blended Learning: A Comparative Study