Sulfur Dioxide SO2 Research Articles

PREDICTION OF AIR POLLUTION BY USING MACHINE LEARNING

Defensive and in charge Nowadays, in many developing and urban areas, the greater air quality has become one of the most important factors in everything. The magnificence of the air is negatively affecting collectibles due to the many tainting methods caused by power consumption, transportation, and other factors. Population growth is a major issue in our nation as it is happening at a rapid pace. This, along with economic expansion, is causing environmental issues in cities, such as water and air pollution. in a portion of the air. Air pollution and pollutants have a direct effect on human health. As is well known, the main sources of pollution include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, particulate matter (PM), so2; etc. A propellant such as gasoline, petroleum, etc. that has not been properly oxidized is producing carbon monoxide. The burning of thermal fuel releases nitrogen oxide (NO), but sulfur dioxide (So2), one of the main air pollutants, is more prevalent and has a greater impact on human health. Multidimensional collisions with location, time, and imprecise boundaries augment the air's dominance. To examine AI-based approaches for air quality prediction is the aim of this enhancement. In this research, we will use a machine learning system to forecast air pollution.

The influence of environmental factors related to Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM), its course and refractoriness to treatment

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of environmental factors and prematurity relating to juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), its course and refractoriness to treatment.MethodsA case-control study with 35 patients followed up at a tertiary hospital and 124 healthy controls, all residents of São Paulo. Patients were classified according to monocyclic, polycyclic or chronic disease courses and refractoriness to treatment. The daily concentrations of pollutants (inhalable particulate matter-PM10, sulfur dioxide-SO2, nitrogen dioxide-NO2, ozone-O3 and carbon monoxide-CO) were provided by the Environmental Company of São Paulo. Data from the population were obtained through a questionnaire.ResultsFifteen patients had monocyclic courses, and 19 polycyclic/chronic courses. Eighteen patients were refractory to treatment. Maternal occupational exposure to inhalable agents (OR = 17.88; IC 95% 2.15–148.16, p = 0.01) and exposure to O3 in the fifth year of life (third tertile > 86.28µg/m3; OR = 6.53, IC95% 1.60–26.77, p = 0.01) were risk factors for JDM in the multivariate logistic regression model. The presence of a factory/quarry at a distance farther than 200 meters from daycare/school (OR = 0.22; IC 95% 0.06–0.77; p = 0.02) was a protective factor in the same analysis. Prematurity, exposure to air pollutants/cigarette smoke/sources of inhalable pollutants in the mother’s places of residence and work during the gestational period were not associated with JDM. Prematurity, maternal exposure to occupational pollutants during pregnancy as well as patient’s exposure to ground-level pollutants up to the fifth year of life were not associated with disease course and treatment refractoriness.ConclusionRisk factors for JDM were maternal occupational exposure and exposure to O3 in the fifth year of life.

The Efficiency of the Eucalyptus sp. Plant in Absorbing Pollutants Results from Vehicle Exhausts in the Baghdad City

Air pollution is one of the serious problems facing the world today because of constant changes in environmental concentration levels of some gases and heavy metals due to humans. Especially when contaminants on the soil and leaves are deposited and transferred to the remainder of the plant. The present study was carried out to assess the theory concentrations of air pollutants in some areas of the city of Baghdad and their effects on the plant (Eucalyptus sp.) by calculating the heavy metal, exposed to roadside vehicles pollution in the city of Baghdad. The gaseous air pollutants levels were measured in five sites namely Al-Doura, Al-Kadhimiya, Palestine Street, and Al-Shaab to represent the urban areas and Al-Rashidiya site to represent the rural area. Included carbon dioxide CO2, sulfur dioxide SO2, and nitrogen dioxide NO2. Also, heavy metal concentrations were measured cadmium Cd and lead Pb. Concentrations of air pollutants, for all studied sites, ranged between 281.33-702.33 ppm, 0.15-3.50 ppm, 0.004-0.532 ppm, 0.132-1.16 μg m-3, 1.75-5.75 μg m-3, for CO2, NO2, SO2, Cd, and Pb, respectively. High concentrations of Cd and Pb were recorded in Eucalyptus sp. (1.51 mg/kg and 5.31 mg kg-1, respectively).

Modeling air pollution around major dumpsites in Lagos State using geospatial methods with solutions

Air pollution is gradually becoming a major health concern globally and Nigeria is especially susceptible to air pollution Available data indicates that vehicular traffics, industries, wildfire and biomass burning are significant sources of air pollutants such as Particulate Matter PM, Carbon Monoxide CO, Nitrogen Dioxide NO2, Sulphur Dioxide SO2 and Volatile Organic Compounds VOCs in the air in Lagos State. The aim of this study is to perform geospatial modelling of air pollution around Olusosun and Solous dumpsites in Lagos State. The study analyses, assesses, and predicts air pollution emission in these dumpsites and examines their possible health impact on residents. Using both ground and satellite-based data, different GIS techniques were used to model this pollution concentration. These methods include Kriging, Regression, and Landfill Gas Emissions Model (LANDGEM) which helps to analyse, model and predict the air pollutant levels around these dumpsite. The average pollution level of Particulate Matter with a diameter that is 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) in Olusosun was 94.29 μg/m3 while those in Solous was 94.12 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. This is way above the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO which is 15 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. This is similar to the high pollution level of NO2 which was 237.64 μg/m3 in Olusosun and 255.84 μg/m3 in Solous as against the WHO Air Quality Guideline of 25 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. SO2 level is also varyingly high in Olusosun and Solous. The reading of 109.27 μg/m3 in Olusosun is considerably high as compared to the reading of 43.82 μg/m3 in Solous. However, both readings are relatively higher than the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO which was 40 μg/m3. The CO air quality level of 0.55 mg/m3 in Olusosun and 0.52 mg/m3 in Solous is within the accepted level of the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO. This shows that CO is not a pollution threat in the major dumpsites in Lagos. This is similar to the readings of PM5 and PM10 which are within the WHO Air Quality Guidelines over a 24 h period. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data shows a trend of increasing concentration of PM2.5 over the 5 study months due to an increase in the quantity of waste disposal, which shows that high waste disposal is directly proportional to high level of PM2.5. It is recommended that living farther (more than 15 km) away from the dumpsites can reduce the high risk of air pollution and its related diseases for residents. Also, there is need for proper incineration and maintenance of waste to reduce the level of air and other pollutants in and around the dumpsites.

Comprehensive Assessment of Air, Soil, and Water Pollution for Environmental Health in Al-Hai City, Iraq

Sustainability has evolved into a broad phrase that includes practically every aspect of life on the Earth, from local to global, and over different periods. Sustainable biological systems include healthy, long-lived forests and wetlands. This paper aimed to study and measure pollution indicators in the Al-Hai city center's air, soil, and water in Wasit province, located at Coordinates (32.1742 N° and 46.0433 E°). The data for Al-Hai city's ambient air pollutants (CO, NO, NO2, H2S, SO2, and CO2) that considered air pollution was recorded for the date (12-13/12/2021). The Maximum values for the concentration of carbon monoxide CO and sulfur dioxide SO2 were 1.019 ppm and 0.0321 ppm, respectively. The water and sediment samples were collected in December 2021, and all samples were analyzed in the laboratory. Heavy elements (Cd, Pb, As, and Hg) were measured in soil and water. The samples were collected and taken from two stations in the Gharraf River of Al-Hai city in Wasit province to investigate the potential for environmental damage caused by these components in this region. This study will be conducted at two stations (North and South of Al-Hai city center) beginning in December 2021. In the south station, all heavy elements showed exponential growth in water and sediment samples, but concentrations in the north station were low. The highest value recorded in this study was for the pb concentration in the soil samples taken from the main street, which was 31.9 ppm.

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ЗАМКНУТОГО ЦИКЛА ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО ГИПСА ИЗ ОТХОДА ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ И ДЫМОВЫХ ГАЗОВ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОСТАНЦИИ

A closed-cycle technology for building gypsum producing using energy waste and flue gases of thermal power plants has been developed. The technology is based on an absorption method for purifying gas emissions from industrial enterprises from sulfur dioxide SO2 using a suspension of carbonate sludge and obtaining a finished product – gypsum dihydrate. The commercial gypsum is obtained by using a suspension of carbonate sludge as a reagent. The suspension is formed at the stage of preliminary purification of natural water during coagulation and liming. Coagulation is carried out with ferrous sulfate heptate FeSO4×7H2O, liming – with a saturated solution of lime milk Ca(OH)2. As a result of combining the two processes, a suspension of a certain chemical composition is formed. The chemical composition of the sludge and its technological characteristics are presented. The main substance in the chemical composition is calcium carbonate CaCO3, which allows using a sludge suspension in the chemical reaction of the interaction of flue gases from thermal power plants with the formation of building gypsum. An absorber with a fluidized nozzle has been selected and designed to purify gas emissions from wet suspensions and produce commercial dihydrate gypsum. Hollow or solid hydrophobic polyethylene balls were selected as nozzles to reduce the adhesion of sludge suspension particles to their surface. A technological scheme is presented for purifying flue gases from sulfur dioxide to obtain the finished product – building gypsum. The scheme includes the proposed adsorber, sludge suspension tank, hydrocyclone and filter press. The cost of the resulting commercial building gypsum was calculated, which amounted to 15 rub./year, the payback period was 3,5 years. The prevented environmental harm from soil and land degradation from the introduction of this technology at thermal power plants was calculated by reducing the emission of sulfur dioxide into the air, which amounted to about 1 mil. rub./year.

Measuring the concentrations of some gaseous air pollutants and dust particles in the western city of Hamzah in Iraq

This research concentrates on studying and analyzing the spatial and temporal variation of the concentrations of air pollutants in the Hamzah-western city during the four seasons of the year 2022 by studying the concentrations of gaseous pollutants in the air, such as NO2, SO2, CO, CO2, and O3, as well as measuring the concentrations of dust particles suspended in the air, such as PM2.5 and PM10. The number of sampling sites reached six, distributed into five different sectors (industrial, residential, transport, agricultural, and a mixed sector combining industry and transportation) in order to show the discrepancies in the concentrations of pollutants and explain their causes. The results of in situ measurements and laboratory analyses showed that there is a spatial and temporal variation in the concentrations of air pollutants. The highest concentrations of carbon monoxide CO, carbon dioxide CO2, and sulfur dioxide SO2 were recorded in sector 1 and during the summer season at concentrations of 38.5, 337, and 2.9 ppm, respectively. While the highest concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were recorded in sector (2) with a concentration of 0.65 ppm, and all those concentrations were outside the permissible limits, the lowest concentrations were recorded for gases in sector (6), which covered all the study semesters. As for the concentrations of suspended dust particles in their sizes (PM2.5 and PM10), the highest concentrations were recorded in Sector (2), during all seasons of the study, and at 383.81 and 389.38 ppm concentrations, respectively. While the lowest concentrations of suspended particles of both sizes were recorded in Sector 6, a value of 119.65 ppm was recorded for PM2.5 minutes and 115.65 ppm for PM10 minutes. Thus, all their values during the study period were greater than the permissible limits.

Time Series Satellite and Observational Data for Assessment of Urban Air Pollution and Climate Dynamics Impacts on COVID-19 transmission in Bucharest

This study conducts a complex analysis to evaluate urban air pollution and climate dynamics impacts on COVID-19 viral infection incidence and mortality in Bucharest metropolitan city in Romania. It is motivated by the COVID-19 pandemic occurrence and environmental/health challenges caused by increasing urbanization in Bucharest. This paper presents the temporal patterns characteristics of the main air pollutants PM2.5 and PM10 (inhalable particulate matter with aerodynamic size less than or equal to 2.5 µm and 10 µm, respectively) as well as nitrogen dioxide-NO2, ozone-O3, sulfur dioxide-SO2, and carbon monoxide-CO during the period March 2020–March 2022 through the integration of time-series surface observation and satellite data. Through the employing of descriptive statistics and regression models for multiple datasets of air pollutants and climate-related parameters such as air temperature at 2m height (T), relative humidity (RH), wind speed intensity (w), and direction, Planetary Boundary Layer height-PBL, and surface solar irradiance-SI, this study found that seasonal variation of aerosol loading parameters (PM2.5 and PM10) over the investigated metropolitan city have a direct impact on COVID-19 spreading. Nevertheless, additional environmental and epidemiological investigations are required to test the causality of air pollution and climate seasonality impacts on COVID-19 seasonality and its severity.

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emissions from Yagya Fume in Open and Closed Door Environment

The practice of Yagya, a traditional Vedic ritual involving the combustion of specific materials, has significant therapeutic potential through its fume. We examined the Yagya fume for particulate matter (PM) and various gas levels. In the open-room environment (n= 40) PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 levels exceeded 1000 µg/m3. However, these levels returned to the baseline of 250 µg/m3 just after the Yagya. Carbon dioxide remained consistent, with median concentrations of 2000 ppm with or without Yagya. Carbon monoxide (CO) levels increased to 20 ppm during the Yagya but remained at 0.4 ppm after the Yagya, like normal air conditions. In the closed-room environment (n= 3), immediate increases in PM levels above 1000 µg/m3 were observed, which gradually decreased to 250 µg/m3 after around 15 hours of Yagya. CO2 and CO levels initially rose and decreased to normal levels after 6 to 7 hours. Nitrogen oxides NOx and Ozone exhibited slight increases during Yagya, while Sulfur Dioxide SO2 levels remained unchanged. We suggest that the high PM levels during Yagya are unique to the source, viz., medicinal wood, Ghee, and Hawan samagri (herbal mixture), necessitating further investigation.

Association between malaria incidence and air quality: an ecological study

The study aimed to identify an association between the incidence of malaria and indicators of air pollution. A negative binomial regression model was adjusted for analysis of the study object. As a result, the matrix indicated a strong linear correlation between the predictors, that is, multicollinearity, which was measured using the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). In the end, the variables that were suggested for the model were organic carbon (OC) and sulfur dioxide SO2, both with VIF's =5.88. It was verified that the incidence of malaria is associated with the indicator of environmental pollution SO2 and the Human Development Index (HDI). It is concluded that with the increase in SO2 emissions, the registration of new cases of malaria decreases and that the lower the HDI, the more precarious the health care and interventions against malaria, increasing the country's vulnerability and the rates of neglected tropical diseases. While it is widely known that the water´s quality affects the proliferation of mosquitoes that transmit Malaria, the effect of air quality on it is still poorly studied.

Invited Perspective: Leveraging Air Quality Research Advancements to Assess and Address Exposure Inequities.

Invited Perspective: Leveraging Air Quality Research Advancements to Assess and Address Exposure Inequities.

Determining changes in the mineral composition of concrete due to chemical corrosion in a sulfate environment

The object of this study was the concrete structures of a chemical enterprise for the production of titanium dioxide. In this case, the ore is decomposed with sulfate acid according to the sulfate production technology. In an aggressive environment, chemical corrosion of concrete occurs, prolonged over time. Using X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis methods, the mineral composition of two prototypes of concrete was determined. It was found that the sample obtained from the workshop for processing ore with sulfate acid showed an increased content of sulfur oxide (SO2) on the surface, by 33 %, with a reduced content of carbonates (CaCO3) on the surface, by 52.9 %, at a depth of 2 cm – by 53.65, compared to another (control) sample. At the same time, iron oxide (Fe2O3) was found on the surface in a sample of concrete from the ore storage room (control), the content of which decreased by 10.4 % at a depth of 2 cm, and by 12.4 % at a depth of 4 cm. The results of electron microscopy show sulfur crystals on the surface of a concrete sample. It was also found that the microstructure of concrete was changed under the influence of sulfate corrosion, depending on the intensity of the exposure to a depth of 2 to 4 cm. By the method of thermoprogrammed mass spectrometry, it was established that when a sample of concrete exposed to sulfate acid is heated to a temperature of 400 °C, sulfur dioxide SO2 is released mainly from the surface. From the surface of the control sample, which contains a significant amount of CaCO3, which is easily destroyed by sulfate acid, there is probably a smaller amount of the product of thermal destruction of calcium carbonate carbon dioxide (CO2). The results of the experiment can be used to study the mechanism of development of sulfate corrosion of concrete prolonged over time.

Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis of the condition of concrete structures of a chemical enterprise with long-term corrosion in a sulfate environment

Long-term operation of premises in aggressive environments of chemical enterprises affects the surfaces of concrete structures and leads to the formation of destructive processes.
 The aim of the study was to determine changes in the structure and mineral composition of concrete during long-term operation in an aggressive sulfate environment at a chemical plant for the production of titanium dioxide using the sulfate method to predict the service life of concrete structures.
 It has been established that during the production of TiO2 pigment by the sulfate method, the ore is decomposed by sulfate acid at high temperature, accompanied by the release of H2SO4 vapor, sulfur dioxide SO2, hydrogen sulfide H2S and elemental sulfur. Studies have established that sulfate corrosion leads to the formation of sulfur and iron oxides on the concrete surface. Studies have revealed vast areas of the surface covered with crystals of elemental sulfur, the contents of which are confirmed by the results of X-ray microanalysis. The sizes of sulfur crystals in the image range from 12 to 180 µm, the shape corresponds to the rhombic allotropic modification S8. The penetration depth of iron sulfates into the thickness of concrete is about 50 microns. The microstructure of the surface is loose, with signs of corrosion.
 Exposure to a high concentration of sulphate acid vapors in the workshop of the enterprise led to the destruction of calcium carbonate and the formation of gypsum crystals in concrete. The formation of gypsum crystalline hydrates provokes sulfate corrosion of concrete, resulting in the formation of pores and microcracks in concrete with the formation of calcium hydrosulfoaluminate.
 The studies carried out using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis make it possible to investigate the structural changes and mineral composition of concrete under the influence of long-term sulfate corrosion.

A REVIEW OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR REDUCTION OFDIOXINS AND FURANS FROM FLUE GAS EMISSIONS OFBIOMEDICAL WASTE INCINERATORS IN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

The present paper discusses the mechanism of formation of dioxins and furans and the technologies used to mitigate the formation of such chemical compounds during the combustion process. By reviewing the findings of several investigations, being conducted by several researchers for the last 30 years, it has been found that the formation of Dioxins and Furans canbe considerably reduced by using the chemical compounds which function as catalysts. Such catalysts are vanadium pentaoxide V2O5, Tungsten Trioxide WO3, and Titanium dioxide TIO2. Besides, there are some sulphur compounds which inhibit the formation of dioxins and furans. Such compounds are Sulphur dioxide SO2 and ammonium sulphate (NH4)2 SO4. There are some Thiourea chemicals which play an important role in inhibiting the formation of dioxins and furans. Such chemical compounds are Ethanolamine C2H7NO, Urea CH4N2O, Mono ethanolamine (H2NCH2CH2OH) etc. But the greatest drawback in the aforesaid technologies is that, they require heavy capital cost as well as the high operating cost. As a solution to the problems, some German companies have developed the techniques for recovering HCl, Nacl and SO2 which are marketable and thus, can make the process cost- effective. Another solution is to adopt a good combustion practice by modifying the design of combustion chambers (primary and secondary) as per guidelines issued by CPCB, India (2017). Lastly it may be considered to switch over to the latest alternative technology of Plasma Pyrolysis which provides a complete solution to the problem. The objective of the present study is to help the stakeholders in the process of making decisions and opting for the latest technologies for a pollution free environment.

Impacts of exposure to air pollution, radon and climate drivers on the COVID-19 pandemic in Bucharest, Romania: A time series study

During the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic disease, like several countries, Romania experienced a multiwaves pattern over more than two years. The spreading pattern of SARS-CoV-2 pathogens in the Bucharest, capital of Romania is a multi-factorial process involving among other factors outdoor environmental variables and viral inactivation. Through descriptive statistics and cross-correlation analysis applied to daily time series of observational and geospatial data, this study aims to evaluate the synergy of COVID-19 incidence and lethality with air pollution and radon under different climate conditions, which may exacerbate the coronavirus’ effect on human health. During the entire analyzed period 1 January 2020–21 December 2021, for each of the four COVID-19 waves were recorded different anomalous anticyclonic synoptic meteorological patterns in the mid-troposphere, and favorable stability conditions during fall-early winter seasons for COVID-19 disease fast-spreading, mostly during the second, and the fourth waves. As the temporal pattern of airborne SARS-CoV-2 and its mutagen variants is affected by seasonal variability of the main air pollutants and climate parameters, this paper found: 1) the daily outdoor exposures to air pollutants (particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, nitrogen dioxide-NO2, sulfur dioxide-SO2, carbon monoxide-CO) and radon - 222Rn, are directly correlated with the daily COVID-19 incidence and mortality, and may contribute to the spread and the severity of the pandemic; 2) the daily ground ozone-O3 levels, air temperature, Planetary Boundary Layer height, and surface solar irradiance are anticorrelated with the daily new COVID-19 incidence and deaths, averageingful for spring-summer periods. Outdoor exposure to ambient air pollution associated with radon is a non-negligible driver of COVID-19 transmission in large metropolitan areas, and climate variables are risk factors in spreading the viral infection. The findings of this study provide useful information for public health authorities and decision-makers to develop future pandemic diseases strategies in high polluted metropolitan environments.

Comparison of emissions from smokeless coal combustion in a household heating boiler used in Central Europe

The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between the fuel quality and the gaseous and particulate pollutant emissions generated from a hot-water boiler during the combustion of different types of innovative processed fuels: smokeless coal, smokeless briquettes 1–3, smokeless pellets and unprocessed hard coal. The aim of our research was to prove the presumption that smokeless processed coals produce less gaseous and particulate emissions. By using modern fuels in already used and manufactured older boilers, there is a possibility to significantly reduce emissions of organic gaseous compounds (OGC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The emission situation in the heating season can be significantly improved even without costly production, and thus consumption of natural resources and energy, and installation of modern boilers. Physical and chemical characterization of solid-fuel samples, including determination of moisture content, ash, volatile organic content, calorific value and elemental composition analysis, were performed. Fuels were burned in one type of hot-water boiler class 1 according to EN 303-5 to determine the impact of applied fuel types on pollutant emissions. The pollutant emissions were characterized by the contents of gaseous components: nitrogen oxides NOx, sulfur dioxide SO2, carbon monoxide CO, carbon dioxide CO2, organic gaseous compounds OGC and particle components: total suspended particles TSP, particulate matter less than 2.5 µm and 10 µm (PM2.5 and PM10, respectively) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs in both phases. The emission factors from six types of fuel were compared with applicable European standards. The lowest NOx content was observed for smokeless briquette 1, while the lowest SO2 content was observed for smokeless pellets. The emission of CO was at a similarly low level of 200 g/kg for smokeless briquette 1, smokeless briquette 2 and hard coal. Gaseous and pollutant emissions described by PM2.5 and TSP were observed to be the lowest for smokeless coal, smokeless briquette 1 and smokeless briquette 2.

Synthesis and analysis of SnS2 and its SO2 gas sensing application via modified-cladding fibre optic setup

ABSTRACT In this proposed research article, Tin Sulphide is synthesised and coated over an optical-fibre by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD), which is to be employed for sensing gases (Nitrogen dioxide-NO2, Carbon dioxide-CO2 and Sulphur dioxide-SO2). The structural and optical properties of tin sulphide are characterised by X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy in Reflectance mode, Scanning Electron Microscopy images (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The sensitivity and selectivity of the gas-sensing application are also analysed, and it is found that the optical fibre coated for 30 minutes showed appreciable response towards SO2 gas, when compared to the response towards the other two gases.

WITHDRAWN: GIS-GPS based national air pollution monitoring system

In the last years, the amount of contamination in metropolitan areas has become unbreakable. As a result, the consistency deteriorates day by day. Poor air quality is described as the presence of toxic pollutants in the atmosphere, including solid objects, chemicals, or liquid droplets. Carbon dioxide CO2, nitrogen oxides NOx, sulphur dioxide SO2, and, Carbon monoxide CO are some of the most common air contaminants. This research is proposed the designing and mobile implementing, low cost monitoring system for air pollution using Arduino microcontroller and gas sensor like MQ2, MQ131, MQ135, MQ136, DHT22, measuring different harmful gases NOx, CO, SO2, CO2, NH4, smoke, Acetone, Alcohol, LPG, Toluene, temperature, humidity and GPS sensor “NEO-6M” that has the ability to track latitude and longitude location of air pollution concentration, and display the analysis result on ESRI maps to give the air pollution authorities the ability to monitor online the pollution behavior in the subject area, the system also save the result on SQL server DB. The data is classified using data mining algorithms, presenting the result on a map helps government, chemist, and physicians to analyze data in real time to simplify the decision making process and offer appropriate services to people. The proposed system uses J48 pruning tree classifier generated using cross validation of fold (10) with highest accuracy 100%, while IBK ≈ 99.67, Naïve bays ≈ 90.89, and SVM ≈ 81.4. we find that the common air quality for Baghdad (study area) is between (“good”, “Satisfactory”, and “Moderately polluted”) for 1835 collected records of air weather during (January and February 2021) time period.

Valuing the Impact of Air Pollution in Urban Residence Using Hedonic Pricing and Geospatial Analysis, Evidence From Quito, Ecuador

Air pollution is one of the hazardous effects of urbanization. Hereby, one the most polluted cities in Ecuador is the Metropolitan District of Quito (DMQ). This study attempts to determine the marginal willingness to pay for a cleaner air in the DMQ using the impact of air pollutants on price properties. Spatial interpolation techniques visualized pollutant concentrations in the DMQ. Additionally, a hedonic price model estimated air pollution impact on properties. Results demonstrated hazard levels for at least three pollutants, being Particulate Matter PM2.5, Nitrogen Dioxide NO2, and Sulfur Dioxide SO2. Subsequently, the economic impact on the house market was statistically significant with a decrease in property value between 1.1% and 2.8%. These drop of value between 1,846.20 up to 4,984.74 US$ (United States Dollars) represents a substantial loss in property value for the DMQ and loss of revenues for the city.

База данных измерительных систем для экомониторинга выбросов тепловых электрических станций

According to the Russian environmental legislation, all sources of atmospheric pollution at Category I industrial enterprises must necessarily be equipped with automatic systems for monitoring and accounting of marker pollutants emissions. Such industrial facilities include more than 100 thermal power plants. The list of marker pollutants has been established in the relevant industry information and technical reference books on the best available technologies (ITR BAT). The list of marker pollutants monitored at thermal power plants by automatic systems includes nitrogen oxides NOX, sulfur dioxide SO2, carbon monoxide CO, and solid fuel ash. The use of domestically produced measuring equipment for these purposes is set forth as a priority task. However, there is currently no systematic information about gas analysis systems available in the market. The measuring instruments are analyzed, and a database of domestic sampling and non-sampling gas analytical systems is set up, which includes the main methods and means of measuring pollutants emissions, the technical characteristics of which meet the requirements of regulatory documents, and which allows specialists to optimally choose measuring instruments for organizing a continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) at thermal power plants, taking into account specific conditions and requirements. The Microsoft Access Relational Database Management System (DBMS), which is a flexible database management system, is used to create the database. The developed database of measuring instruments for emission monitoring includes equipment from 33 Russian companies. The DBMS enables the user to organize data in tabular form and produce requests for selecting certain specified parameters. Both basic and additional criteria for selecting measuring instruments can be included in the request form. The developed DBMS takes into account the measured parameters of medium, the measurement method and means, compliance with BAT, measurement ranges and errors, estimated and warranty service life, mass and dimensional characteristics, and cost and complexity of maintenance, all serving for the convenience of selecting and implementing CEMS at thermal power plants. An example of the choice of measuring instruments from the proposed database for monitoring the marker pollutants emissions for the MPEI thermal power plant using the optimal choice algorithm is given.