Suicidal Plans Research Articles

Disrupted small-world white matter networks in patients with major depression and recent suicide plans or attempts.

Suicide is a major concern for health, and depression is an established proximal risk factor for suicide. This study aimed to investigate white matter features associated with suicide. We constructed white matter structural networks by deterministic tractography via diffusion tensor imaging in 51 healthy controls, 47 depressed patients without suicide plans or attempts and 56 depressed patients with suicide plans or attempts. Then, graph theory analysis was used to measure global and nodal network properties. We found that local efficiency was decreased and path length was increased in suicidal depressed patients compared to healthy controls and non-suicidal depressed patients; moreover, the clustering coefficient was decreased in depressed patients compared to healthy controls; and the global efficiency and normalized characteristic path length was increased in suicidal depressed patients compared to healthy controls. Similarly, compared with those in non-suicidal depressed patients, nodal efficiency in the thalamus, caudate, medial orbitofrontal cortex, hippocampus, olfactory cortex, supplementary motor area and Rolandic operculum was decreased. In summary, compared with those of non-suicidal depressed patients, the structural connectome of suicidal depressed patients exhibited weakened integration and segregation and decreased nodal efficiency in the fronto-limbic-basal ganglia-thalamic circuitry. These alterations in the structural networks of depressed suicidal brains provide insights into the underlying neurobiology of brain features associated with suicide.

The relationship between cumulative ecological risk and health risk behaviors among Chinese adolescents

ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and individual risky behavior and multiple forms of aggregated behaviors among adolescents, and examine the gender differences.MethodsA large-scale, nationally representative, and students-based investigation was conducted in rural and urban areas of eight provinces in China from October to December 2021. A total of 22 868 adolescents with an average age of 14.64 years completely standardized questionnaire in which the sociodemographic characteristics, socio-ecological risk factors and risky behaviors were used to analyze.ResultsOf included students, 48.4% encountered the high level of social-ecological risk. The prevalence of breakfast intake not daily, alcohol use (AU), smoking, physical inactivity, prolonged screen time (ST) on weekdays and weekends, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, suicidal attempt, and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) was 41.0%, 11.9%, 3.4%, 61.9%, 15.1%, 51.1%, 27.7%, 13.9%, 6.5% and 27.0% respectively. 22.2% of participants engaged in high-risk behaviors. All were significantly influences of increased cumulative ecological risk on individual behavior and low-risk clustering behaviors separately. The odds ratio of breakfast intake not daily, AU, smoking, physical inactivity, prolonged ST in weekday and weekend, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, suicidal attempt, and NSSI for the adjusted model in low versus high level of cumulative ecological risk was respectively significant in both boy and girls, and the ratio of odds ratios (ROR) was separately 0.95 (p = 0.228), 0.67 (p < 0.001), 0.44 (p < 0.001), 0.60 (p < 0.001), 0.78 (p = 0.001), 0.83 (p = 0.001), 0.80 (p = 0.001), 0.83 (p = 0.022), 0.71 (p = 0.005), 0.75 (p = 0.001). Girls encountering a high level of cumulative ecological risk were more likely to engage in multiple forms of clustering risky behaviors than boys (RORs: 0.77, p = 0.001).ConclusionsResearch and effective inventions at the social-ecological environment, based on the view of cumulative risk, are needed to promote the healthy development of behaviors in adolescence, and pay more attention to decreasing the occurrence of risky behaviours in girls than boys.

Prevalence of youth experiencing homelessness and its association with suicidal thoughts and behaviors: Findings from a population-based study

Although various studies have examined factors associated with suicidal behaviors among youth, few studies have investigated the association between youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) using a large nationally representative sample. The objectives of this study were to investigate prevalence of YEH and its association with STBs. Data for this study came from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. An analytic sample of 17,033 youth aged 14–18 (51.7 % male) was analyzed using binary logistic regression. Of the 17,033 youth examined, 3 % experienced homelessness during the past 30 days, 21.3 % experienced suicidal ideation, 17.3 % made a suicide plan, and 10.9 % attempted suicide during the past 12 months. Controlling for demographic characteristics and feeling sad or hopeless, YEH was associated with 2.48 times higher odds of experiencing suicidal ideation (AOR=2.48, p<.001), 2.46 times higher odds of making a suicide plan (AOR=2.46, p<.001), and 4.38 times higher odds of making a suicide attempt (AOR=4.38, p<.001). The findings of this study highlight the importance of identifying youth who are at risk of experiencing homelessness to ensure early interventions are put in place to prevent suicidal behaviors.

Identifying unique subgroups in suicide risks among psychiatric outpatients

BackgroundThe presence of psychiatric disorders is widely recognized as one of the primary risk factors for suicide. A significant proportion of individuals receiving outpatient psychiatric treatment exhibit varying degrees of suicidal behaviors, which may range from mild suicidal ideations to overt suicide attempts. This study aims to elucidate the transdiagnostic symptom dimensions and associated suicidal features among psychiatric outpatients. MethodsThe study enrolled patients who attended the psychiatry outpatient clinic at a tertiary hospital in South Korea (n = 1, 849, age range = 18–81; 61% women). A data-driven classification methodology was employed, incorporating a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms, to delineate distinctive subgroups among psychiatric outpatients exhibiting suicidality (n = 1189). A reference group of patients without suicidality (n = 660) was included for comparative purposes to ascertain cluster-specific sociodemographic, suicide-related, and psychiatric characteristics. ResultsPsychiatric outpatients with suicidality (n = 1189) were subdivided into three distinctive clusters: the low-suicide risk cluster (Cluster 1), the high-suicide risk externalizing cluster (Cluster 2), and the high-suicide risk internalizing cluster (Cluster 3). Relative to the reference group (n = 660), each cluster exhibited distinct attributes pertaining to suicide-related characteristics and clinical symptoms, covering domains such as anxiety, externalizing and internalizing behaviors, and feelings of hopelessness. Cluster 1, identified as the low-suicide risk group, exhibited less frequent suicidal ideation, planning, and multiple attempts. In the high-suicide risk groups, Cluster 2 displayed pronounced externalizing symptoms, whereas Cluster 3 was primarily defined by internalizing and hopelessness symptoms. Bipolar disorders were most common in Cluster 2, while depressive disorders were predominant in Cluster 3. DiscussionOur findings suggest the possibility of differentiating psychiatric outpatients into distinct, clinically relevant subgroups predicated on their suicide risk. This research potentially paves the way for personalizing interventions and preventive strategies that address cluster-specific characteristics, thereby mitigating suicide-related mortality among psychiatric outpatients.

먹방시청 정도에 따른 청소년의 건강행태와 정신건강

Objectives This research seeks to investigate the health behaviors and mental health of adolescents in relation to their level of engagement in mukbang(eating show) watching. The objective is to offer fundamental data for the improvement of adolescent health behaviors and mental health.&#x0D; Methods This secondary analysis study utilized raw data obtained from the 18th Annual Youth Health Behavior Survey of 2022. The analysis involved using the SPSS/WIN 20 program to conduct complex sample frequency analysis, complex sample cross-tabulation, and complex sample logistic regression.&#x0D; Results First, daily viewership of mukbang was observed among female students attending girls' schools, as well as adolescents with lower academic performance, lower economic status, and parents with lower educational levels. Second, in terms of dietary habits, adolescents who did not watch mukbang at all had a higher intake of breakfast(1.48 times) and fruits(1.38 times) compared to those who watched it every day. Furthermore, they con-sumed fewer sweetened beverages(0.73 times), fast food(0.66 times), and late-night snacks(0.71 times). Third, in terms of physical activity, adolescents who watched mukbang occasionally engaged in higher levels of high-in-tensity physical activity(1.10 times), moderate-intensity physical activity(1.21 times), and walks lasting 10 mi-nutes or more(1.39 times) compared to those who watched it daily. Fourth, in terms of mental health, adolescents who never watched mukbang exhibited lower levels of loneliness(0.59 times), stress(0.64 times), feelings of sad-ness and despair(0.51 times), suicidal ideation(0.64 times), suicide planning(0.60 times), and suicide at-tempts(0.50 times) compared to those who watched it daily.&#x0D; Conclusions The effects on the health behaviors and mental health of adolescents appear to vary based on the levels of mukbang watching. Consequently, it is essential to develop and implement phased mukbang media edu-cation programs and parental intervention programs.

Racial/ethnic differences in the bullying victimization-suicidality link among LGBQ high school students in the United States.

Although the relationship between bullying victimization and suicidal behaviors of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (i.e., unsure of their sexual orientation) students has been well documented in research, few studies have focused on how bullying victimization might be related to suicidal behaviors among youth with intersectional identities. This study examines associations between bullying victimization and suicidal behaviors across racial/ethnic groups in a sample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning (LGBQ) students. Data for this cross-sectional study were derived from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Risk Behavior Survey combined data set (2003-2019), with a sample of 95,603 students who identified as LGBQ. Analyses included descriptive statistics and logistic regression. We found that homophobic bullying victimization was associated with higher odds of suicidal ideation and plans among the total sample and Black and Hispanic students. School-based bullying victimization was associated with higher odds of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among white and Hispanic students and higher suicidal ideation among multiracial-non-Hispanic students. Cyberbullying victimization was not associated with suicidal behavior among Asian students, but it was associated with all forms of suicidal behavior among youth of other racial/ethnic identities. Addressing bullying victimization and suicidality with culturally relevant, evidence-based violence prevention strategies is critical.

Does Asthma Increase the Odds of Suicidal Thoughts, Plans, and Attempts?

Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways affecting more than 250 million people worldwide. In the past, a possible relationship between asthma and suicidality has been hypothesized. However, further research is required as this link has not been clearly established. Our objective was to use propensity score matching to answer the following research question: does having asthma increase one's odds of developing suicidality throughout their lifetime and, if so, how large is this increase? Methodology We utilized data from the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. We analyzed the relationship between currently having asthma and having had suicidal thoughts, suicide plans, and suicide attempts over the past 12 months. Chi-square analyses were performed both before and after completing propensity score matching. Results Before matching, it was found that, compared to individuals without asthma, asthmatic individuals had 31.2% higher odds of having suicidal thoughts (p = 0.010) and 97.4% higher odds of a suicide attempt (p = 0.012). After controlling for confounders by matching, there was no longer a relationship between having asthma and suicidal thoughts (p = 0.707), suicidal plans (p = 0.523), and suicidal attempts (p = 0.260). Conclusions These findings highlight that while asthma may appear to be associated with suicidality, this association does not persist after controlling for confounding factors. Hence, it is recommended that more research be conducted on this topic and that possible confounders be further researched. In particular, there is a need to better understand the role of social determinants and other contributors to health outcomes.

Depression, anxiety and suicidality among Chinese mental health professionals immediately after China's dynamic zero-COVID policy: A network perspective

BackgroundUsing network analysis, the interactions between mental health problems at the symptom level can be explored in depth. This study examined the network structure of depressive and anxiety symptoms and suicidality among mental health professionals after the end of China's Dynamic Zero-COVID Policy. MethodsA total of 10,647 mental health professionals were recruited nationwide from January to February 2023. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), respectively, while suicidality was defined by a ‘yes’ response to any of the standard questions regarding suicidal ideation (SI), suicide plan (SP) and suicide attempt (SA). Expected Influence (EI) and Bridge Expected Influence (bEI) were used as centrality indices in the symptom network to characterize the structure of the symptoms. ResultsThe prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicidality were 45.99 %, 28.40 %, and 7.71 %, respectively. The network analysis identified GAD5 (“Restlessness”) as the most central symptom, followed by PHQ4 (“Fatigue”) and GAD7 (“Feeling afraid”). Additionally, PHQ6 (“Guilt”), GAD5 (“Restlessness”), and PHQ8 (“Motor disturbance”) were bridge nodes linking depressive and anxiety symptoms with suicidality. The flow network indicated that the strongest connections of S (“Suicidality”) was with PHQ6 ("Guilt"), GAD7 (“Feeling afraid”), and PHQ2 ("Sad mood"). ConclusionsDepression, anxiety, and suicidality among mental health professionals were highly prevalent after China's Dynamic Zero-COVID Policy ended. Effective measures should target central and bridge symptoms identified in this network model to address the mental health problems in those at-risk.

Psychological Distress and Suicidality Among Transgender Young Adults in the United States

PurposeTransgender young adults (TYA) are burdened by adverse mental health outcomes. Guided by intersectionality and minority stress frameworks, we compared prevalence of psychological distress and suicidality among TYA of different social identities to inform future interventions. MethodsIn this secondary data analysis of 12,738 TYA, ages 18–25 years, from the 2015 United States Transgender Survey, we developed multivariable regression models examining associations between social identities and psychological distress and suicidality, adjusting for relevant covariates. Self-reported identities were used as proxies for minority stress resulting from structural oppressions related to gender binarism, transmisogyny, heterosexism, and racism. ResultsOverall, 53% met criteria for serious psychological distress, and 66% reported suicidal ideation. Statistically higher odds of serious psychological distress and suicidal ideation and plan were found for TYA assigned male compared to assigned female at birth (adjusted odds ratios [aORs] = 1.14–1.50). Nonbinary TYA assigned male at birth also had lower odds of all outcomes compared to all other TYA (aORs = 0.6–0.7). Compared to White TYA, Latiné/x TYA were more likely to experience serious psychological distress (aOR = 1.19, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.39) and multiracial TYA were more likely to report suicide plan(s) and attempt(s) (aORs = 1.25–1.30). Finally, compared to heterosexual TYA, bisexual/pansexual TYA were more likely to report suicide plan(s) (aOR = 1.28, 95% confidence intervals: 1.04, 1.52), and all sexual minority TYA were more likely to report serious psychological distress and suicidal ideation (aORs = 1.31–2.00). DiscussionResults highlight complex associations between intersectional minority stress and mental health outcomes among TYA. Associations between identities and mental health morbidity highlight an urgent need for targeted mental health interventions.

Psychological and socio-ecological correlates of 12-month suicide behavior among junior high school students in the greater Accra region of Ghana.

In Ghana, we know little about the epidemiology of suicide ideation, plan and attempts among junior high school (JHS) students in Ghana including the years preceding high school. This study explores the onset, characteristics, and recent patterns of 12-month suicide behavior among Ghanaian junior high school (JHS) students. Paper-based surveys were administered to a sample (n = 800) of junior high school students in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Self-reported measures on suicide ideation, plan and attempt as well as several psychological and psychosocial factors related to mental health, substance use, poverty, sexual behavior, interpersonal relationships, and family structure were employed. Bi-variate, multivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 25). This study found that 1 out of 5 adolescents have experienced suicide ideation in the last 12months. Girls had significantly higher 12-month (χ2 = 3.5, p < 0.05) suicide ideation rates than boys. More importantly, the study found stress significantly increasing the odds of suicide behaviors in the last 12months (β = 1.14; CI = 1.05-1.24, p < 0.05) and parental support significantly reducing the odds of suicide behaviors in the last 12months (β = 0.86; CI = 0.81-0.91, p < 0.05). Additionally, we found significant associations between sexual intercourse, dating, hunger, substance use, suicide stigma and suicide behaviors. This finding highlights a potential emerging suicide crisis among preteens which warrants attention. Additional studies are needed to observe these increasing trends and identify risk, protective and precipitating factors to help prevent suicide among these children.

Social-ecological perspective on the suicidal behaviour factors of early adolescents in China: a network analysis

BackgroundIn early adolescence, youth are highly prone to suicidal behaviours. Identifying modifiable risk factors during this critical phase is a priority to inform effective suicide prevention strategies.AimsTo explore the risk...

Risk factors for attempted suicide in non-psychotic patients with suicidal ideation.

In Eastern European countries, suicide rate are among the highest in the world and suicide attempts are among the most important risk factors. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with suicide attempt (SA) in non-psychotic patients with suicidal ideation (SI). Among 6204 consecutive adult patients (residents of Moscow) with non-psychotic mental disorders (NPMD), 361 individuals aged 18-77 years (median 24 years) were enrolled in the study after screening for lifetime SI with the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI). All participants were assessed for sociodemographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis, family history of mental disorders, history of abuse, sexual behavior, psychiatric treatments, suicide plan, SA, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Results of multivariable analyses (MV) are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). 166 patients (46%) reported lifetime SA. In MV, variables associated with SA included smoking (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.7), having made a suicide plan (OR 3.4; 95% CI 2.0-5.7), and scars covered by tattoos (OR 5.2; 95% CI 1.5-17.9). History of law violation (OR 2.0; 95% 1.0-4.2) was of borderline significance. Transition from SI to SA in patients with NPMD was associated with smoking, suicide planning, history of law violation and presence of tattoos covering scars.

A latent class analysis of non-suicidal self-injury and associations with constructs from the interpersonal theory of suicide in a sample of sexual minority young adults

Introduction: Self-directed violence (SDV), comprising both non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide, is elevated among sexual minority populations. NSSI age of onset has been shown to impact severity of SDV outcomes. Components of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS), which includes perceived burdensomeness (PB), thwarted belongingness (TB), and acquired capability for suicide (ACS), may be useful to understanding NSSI subgroups, especially among under-researched groups such as sexual minority persons. Methods: This study examined subtypes of NSSI and associations with constructs from the ITS. A sample of 473 sexual minority young adults with a history of NSSI completed self-report measures assessing demographics, SDV, and ITS constructs. More than half of the sample (59.7%) reported engaging in NSSI during their lifetime. For suicidal thoughts and behaviors, a majority of the sample reported having thoughts of suicide in their lifetime (87.3%), and one-third reported a lifetime suicide attempt (33.0%). Results: Latent class analysis revealed three classes: (1) lower NSSI, (2) moderate NSSI, and (3) higher NSSI. NSSI age of onset, intensity of suicidal thoughts, suicide plan likelihood, duration of NSSI, and number of NSSI methods differentiated groups. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) revealed that the lower NSSI group reported lower PB and TB than the moderate NSSI group. No differences were found for ACS across NSSI classes. Discussion: Results are discussed in terms of their theoretical implications and application for counseling at-risk sexual minority young adults. This study identifies factors associated with subgroups of self-directed violence among sexual minority young adults. Such findings inform gaps in self-directed violence prevention research and clinical practice for sexual minority persons.

Assessing the Role of Sports Participation on Depression, Suicide Ideation, and Suicide Behaviors Among Adolescents Before and During COVID-19.

To assess the association between sports participation, depression, suicide ideation, and suicide behaviors in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents before COVID-19 and during COVID-19. Data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n = 13,526) and the 2021 Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (n = 7677) were used to analyze the association between past-year depression/suicide ideation/suicide behaviors and past-year sports participation. The analysis found that 57.4% of adolescents indicated participating in at least 1 sport in 2019; this dropped to 47.7% in 2021. Furthermore, 36.7% of adolescents indicated feeling sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 weeks or more in a row in 2019; this increased to 44.2% in 2021. The percentage of adolescents who indicated considering suicide, making a suicide plan, attempting suicide, and attempted suicide that lead to an injury was similar during 2019 and 2021. Multivariable analysis found that participation in 2 or more sports in 2019 was associated with lower odds of each of the outcomes for depression, suicide ideation, and suicide behaviors, whereas in 2021, participation in 2 or more sports was only associated with lower odds of indicating being sad or hopeless (an indicator for depression) for a 2-week period (adjusted odds ratios = 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.85). Participation in 2 or more sports lowered the risk of feeling sad or hopeless, suicide ideation, and suicide behaviors in 2019, but this effect was absent in 2021. Given the presence of multiple stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic, sports participation alone may not offer sufficient protective effects against suicide behaviors as it did pre pandemic.

Association between sports-related concussions and the risk of self-injury thoughts and behaviors: Who, and under what circumstances?

BackgroundUnderstanding the association between sport-related concussions and the risk of suicidal and non-suicidal self-injury thoughts and behaviors (SITBs), including non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation (SI), suicidal plan (SP), and suicidal attempt (SA), is crucial for suicide prevention. We aimed to identify the circumstances in which individuals with or without a concussion are vulnerable to SITBs. MethodsThe cross-sectional study included 85,469 students from 63 Chinese university with a mean age of 19.6 years. Firstly, propensity score matching, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to match the concussion and non-concussion group based on a range of biological, social, and psychological factors. Subsequently, multivariable logistic regression and a decision tree algorithm were employed to evaluate the interaction and cumulative impact of these risk factors and concussion on the probability of SITBs. ResultsIn the unmatched sample, concussion exposures were associated with all SITBs, with NSSI (OR, 1.41), SI (OR, 1.10), SP (OR, 1.23), and SA (OR, 1.28). However, the matched and weighted sample only had a significant association with NSSI and SI. The decision tree model revealed that, in the unmatched sample, among individuals without depressive symptoms or childhood emotional abuse, the risk of concussion on SITBs increased from 45.5 % to 65.2 % (χ2, 9.370; adjusted P = .002) after experiencing sexual abuse and verbal bullying. In the matched sample, the risk increased from 46.2 % to 64.6 % (χ2, 6.848; adjusted P = .009). ConclusionOur study revealed that individuals who suffered concussions exhibited a significantly higher risk of SITBs.

Nurses’ Attitudes and Perceptions Regarding Suicidal Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Depression Management Training

Suicide prevention is a priority globally. Community nurses are on the frontline of healthcare, and thus well placed to identify those at risk of suicide and act to prevent it. However, they are often ill-equipped to do so. This study examines whether depression management training for nurses may also help them manage suicide-risk patients. Method: This quasi-experimental study used a questionnaire that included a randomly assigned textual case vignette, measures related to patient descriptions portrayed in the vignette, and demographic and clinical/training information. The participants were 139 Israeli nurses who were mostly Jewish, Israeli-born, and married women working as community nurses. Almost half had completed depression management training (DMT) in their routine work. Results: Nurses who completed depression management training were more likely than non-trainees to query the patient regarding mental status and suicide plans and were more likely to refer them to appropriate further treatment. The graduate nurses also reported higher self-competence and more positive attitudes regarding their ability to assess depression and suicide risk than nurses who had not received depression management training. Discussion: The results highlight the importance of depression management training, as suicide assessment and referral are among the major steps to suicide prevention.

Can digital self-harm relate to suicidal thoughts and behaviors beyond physical self-harm?

Digital self-harm (DiSH) is a recently identified self-harm distinct from physical self-harm (PSH, also known as non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI). Although prior research has shown that DiSH was associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs), it was still unclear whether DiSH has a unique association with STBs after controlling for PSH. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on Chinese college students. The lifetime prevalence of DiSH and PSH, the functions of DiSH, recent suicide experiences (including suicide ideation, plans, and attempts), anxiety and depression were examined. A total of 5281 participants were analyzed. A total of 10.83% of participants had ever engaged in DiSH, and 1.59% of participants reported histories of both DiSH and PSH. Among participants with a history of PSH, 30.11% engaged in DiSH. Engagement in DiSH was significantly associated with suicide ideation (SI), suicide plans (SPs), and suicide attempts (SAs). More importantly, participants who engaged in both DiSH and PSH showed higher odds of SI and SPs compared to those who had only engaged in PSH. Regarding the functions of DiSH, using DiSH for self-punishment was associated with SI and SPs, and using DiSH for sensation seeking was associated with SPs and SAs. Similar results were found for the association between DiSH and anxiety and depression. Our findings suggest that DiSH has a unique association with the risks of STBs beyond PSH. Early identification and intervention for DiSH are crucial, even for individuals who already engage in PSH.

Exploring the Link Between Smartphone Overdependence, Depression, and Suicidal Behaviors Through the Mediating Effect of Lifestyle Risk Behaviors Among South Korean Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study Using National Big Data

IntroductionThis study examined how lifestyle risk behaviors mediate the relationship between smartphone overdependence, depressive symptoms, and suicidal behavior in adolescents. MethodBased on a secondary analysis of national survey data obtained in 2020 in South Korea, this study had 54,948 participating adolescents. Multiple logistic regression and mediating effect analyses were used to assess the relationships between the study variables. ResultsAdolescents’ lifestyle risk behaviors partially mediated the link between smartphone overdependence and depression (Z=6.86, P<0.001), suicidal ideation (Z=7.04, P<0.001), and suicidal planning (Z=4.59, P<0.001). DiscussionThis is the first study to examine the mediating role of comprehensive lifestyle behaviors, not single habits, in the relationship between smartphone overdependence, depression, and suicidal behaviors. Encouraging healthy lifestyle behaviors in adolescents can help alleviate the link between smartphone overdependence and mental health problems.

Association Between Atopic Dermatitis and Suicidal Behaviors in North Korean Adolescent Defectors From 2011 to 2019.

To evaluate the association between atopic dermatitis (AD) and suicidal behaviors in adolescent defectors among residents who escaped from North Korean (adolescent defectors, n=423) and adolescents with South Korean parents (Korean adolescents, n=540,265). The study used data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey conducted from 2011 to 2019. Differences in general characteristics, health behaviors, suicidal ideation, suicide plans, suicide attempts, and AD between adolescent defectors and Korean adolescents were examined. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between AD and suicidal behaviors. The adolescent defectors group had lower AD (16.3% vs. 24.2%), poorer subjective health (10% vs. 6%), smoked more (47% vs. 18%), drank more (60% vs. 43%), lived with family less frequently (56% vs. 96%), and were more than twice as likely to have depression (42% vs. 27%), suicidal ideation (30% vs. 14%), a suicide plan (23% vs. 5%), or have made a prior suicide attempt (19% vs. 3%) compared with the Korean adolescent group (p<0.001). The adjusted odds ratio for the adolescent defectors group compared to the Korean adolescent group was 1.66 for suicidal ideation, 3.59 for suicide plans, and 4.34 for suicide attempts (p<0.001). AD was found to be associated with suicide plans and attempts in adolescent defectors and associated with suicidal ideation in Korean adolescents. AD was significantly associated with suicide plans and suicidal attempts among adolescent defectors and suicidal ideation in Korean adolescents, based on a random sample of middle- and high-school students.

Is meeting with the 24-h movement recommendations linked with suicidality? Results from a nationwide sample of 44,734 U.S. adolescents

BackgroundTo our knowledge, only few studies have analyzed the relationship between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and suicidality in adolescents. The aim of this study was twofold: first, to examine the association between meeting the 24-h movement recommendations and suicidal ideation, suicide planning, and attempted suicide in a representative sample of adolescents from the U.S.; and second, to test whether age group, sex, or race moderate these associations. MethodThis is a cross-sectional study including pooled data from the 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2021 high school Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS). A total sample of 44,734 participants (48.5 % females) was included. The recommendations of the 24-h movement guidelines included physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration. Suicidality was examined considering three suicide-related behaviors: suicidal ideation (yes/no), suicide planning (yes/no), and attempted suicide (at least one time or more during the past 12 months). ResultsAdolescents who met all three recommendations showed a lower likelihood of suicidal ideation (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.37 to 0.64, p < 0.001), suicide planning (OR = 0.51, 95 % CI 0.37 to 0.68, p < 0.001), and attempted suicide (OR = 0.66, 95 % CI 0.44 to 0.96, p = 0.038) than those who did not meet all the recommendations. Overall, when younger adolescents, female adolescents, and adolescents of minority races met the 24-h movement recommendations, they had lower odds of suicide-related outcomes than when they did not. LimitationsThis is a cross-sectional study using self-reported data. It is not possible to establish cause-and-effect relationships, and the results could be influenced by some biases. ConclusionThis study suggests that meeting the 24-h movement recommendations could play a relevant role in the prevention of suicidal ideation, planning suicide, and attempted suicide in a nationwide sample from the U.S. adolescents.