Successful Test Research Articles

Evaluating health system resilience testing; what makes this practice successful?

Abstract Issue Health system resilience is an important and desirable attribute of health systems. We have evaluated the operationalization of our step-by-step guide for conducting a resilience test. Description of the problem Preparedness planning is often siloed and does not take the entire health system into account. The objective was to develop a new methodology for policy making that is adaptable to any health system context and shock scenario. Resilience testing uses a mixed-method approach to assess resilience by understanding health system strengths and weaknesses in relation to a hypothetical shock scenario. A programme logic model, semi-structured interviews and an online questionnaire were used to evaluate the methodology and to answer the following questions: Can resilience tests be used to identify strengths and weaknesses in different health system contexts? What are the determinants for successful resilience testing? Results Three resilience tests were conducted in Finland, Greece and the Asturias region of Spain. All resilience tests identified health system strengths and weaknesses. 97% of participants agreed that the test identified broader vulnerabilities. However, 76% thought that a different scenario would identify different strengths and vulnerabilities. 94% of participants agreed or strongly agreed that the test was a valuable exercise. The semi-structured interviews consistently found that successful resilience testing requires neutral facilitation and carefully selected test participants. Lessons Resilience test results have been used in 2 out of 3 cases to develop health policy. Resilience testing needs to be initiated and supported by the ministry of health to ensure results are considered in the policy making process. Key messages • Health system resilience tests can identify health system strengths, weaknesses, and steps towards remedial policy action to improve resilience in different European health system contexts. • Successful health system resilience testing requires carefully selected facilitators and test participants as well as support from the Ministry of Health.

Optimisasi Pengelolaan Karyawan dan Proyek Melalui Sistem Berbasis Web di PT Raja Perkasa

PT Raja Perkasa, a company operating in the construction sector, faces challenges in managingoperational activities and employee performance. This research aims to develop a web-basedmanagement system as a solution to address these issues. The developed application is designed topresent the company’s portfolio, manage partner data, handle partnership proposals, overseeproject data, manage employee records, facilitate attendance tracking, manage leave requests,resignation submissions, and issue employee warnings. The application development utilizes theLaravel framework and MySQL as the database management system, with the goal of improvingthe efficiency and effectiveness of company information management. The Waterfall method isused for the application development, encompassing the stages of requirements analysis, design,coding, testing, deployment, and maintenance. The application, after successful testing in thedeveloper’s local environment, was then hosted for direct user access. In the maintenance phase,bug fixes were implemented, and user satisfaction data was gathered through questionnairescompleted by 23 respondents representing seven user roles: admin, project manager, owner, HR, employees, clients, and visitors. The Likert scale analysis resulted in an average satisfaction levelof 87.14%. The research findings indicate that the application provides a positive user experience.However, further development is needed to add features such as employee recruitment, financialmanagement, and project scheduling, with a focus on sensitive data security. Therefore, thisapplication is expected to strengthen PT Raja Perkasa’s position in the construction industry andenhance project management and employee productivity

DEVELOPMENT OF AN E-COMMERCE PLATFORM USING EXTREME PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY

<span lang="EN-US">The pervasiveness of information technology has reshaped human lifestyles, including shopping practices. Andalas Store, a prominent bookstore, has experienced a decrease in customer visits. Consequently, this research endeavours to establish an e-commerce platform for Toko Andalas utilizing Extreme Programming (XP) and the MERN Stack to broaden customer reach and expand market presence. The e-commerce platform is constructed leveraging the XP software development methodology and undergoes rigorous testing encompassing unit testing, black box testing, Lighthouse, and the System Usability Scale. The research outcomes validate the successful development and testing of the Toko Andalas e-commerce platform, highlighting its website performance in responsiveness, accessibility, adherence to best practices, and SEO optimization. The platform also encompasses comprehensive functionalities, including product search, shopping cart, and online payment. </span>

Otomatisasi Penyemprotan Polyester Menggunakan Kawasaki Cobot dengan Human Machine Interface (HMI) Berbasis Web

Brago Luchttechniek BV is a company specializing in the production of PIR (Polyisocyanurate) air ducts, facing challenges in maintaining accuracy and consistency in the polyester insulation spraying process on its products using Kawasaki collaborative robots (cobot) for automation. To address these challenges, this study designed a web-based Human Machine Interface (HMI) to automate the polyester insulation spraying process on PIR air ducts using the Kawasaki Cobot. A web-based HMI was chosen for its ease of development, flexibility, and integration capabilities with modern technology. This HMI uses the TCP/IP protocol to send real-time command signals to automation devices such as the Kawasaki Cobot and devices connected to the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Testing results demonstrated an improvement in the spraying process efficiency, reducing the time from 15–18 minutes conventionally to 5–7 minutes with the web-based HMI automation. Additionally, the web-based HMI successfully communicated with other devices connected to the robot, such as the conveyor belt and rotating table, via TCP/IP protocols, with each device having its own ID and IP address to facilitate linear message delivery, prevent collisions, and minimize errors. After eight successful automation tests on four different products, the system operated smoothly and systematically through the available HMI controls. The system was also evaluated by four respondents, with an overall score of 4.33 out of 5, indicating a high level of satisfaction.

Single-Use Aircraft Launch System with Small Helium Balloon for 1 kPa Flight Testing

A single-use aircraft launch system using a small helium balloon concept was proposed to elevate the likelihood of successful high-altitude flight tests above 30 km. The system, capable of carrying a payload of 0.5 kg, has been developed and reported. Completing the flight within a range of 92 km, which represents the maximum communication distance between the airborne flight system and the ground station for operational phase control, is imperative. Therefore, a straightforward method for simulating flight trajectories was outlined to determine launch windows and suitable locations to ensure flight completion within uninhabited areas. Simulation studies revealed that the shortest landing distance was obtained during summer at the selected launch site. Additionally, a parameter study was conducted to assess the influence of varying ascent velocities on the targeted flight test altitude, which depends on the payload weight and helium gas volume. Consequently, the parameter study results established the constraints for flight model design. A demonstration flight was conducted in 2023 to validate the feasibility of the system for high-altitude flight experiments. This flight successfully released the flight model at 31 km and recovered flight data before landing on the sea surface. The proposed system concept offers an expedited approach to aircraft design for operating in thin air. It enables component function tests and scaled model flights as an alternative to employing large high-altitude balloons for high-altitude experiments.

Improving Recognition of Road Users via Doppler Radar Data and Deep Learning Convolutional Networks

This research presents findings from laboratory experiments on a novel method for identifying and differentiating objects using radar signatures and a specialized convolutional neural network architecture. Previously introduced by the authors, this method has been validated through real-world measurements in an urban environment with a 24 GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar. This study describes how radar signatures, generated in the MATLAB (R2023b) environment from I and Q signals captured by the uRAD USB v1.2 radar, were processed. A database of radar signatures for pedestrians, cyclists, and vehicles was created, and a tailored convolutional neural network was trained. The developed solution achieves an accuracy of over 95% in distinguishing between various objects. The simulation results and successful tests support the application of this system across various sectors. The key innovations include distinguishing multiple objects from a single radar signature, a custom architecture for the convolutional neural network, and an application that processes radar data to produce near-real-time recognition results.

E-commerce behavioral intention of Vietnam Gen Z by using the UTAUT2 model

PurposeIt is important to note that research specifically focusing on the application of UTAUT2 to Gen Z in Vietnam remains limited. Consequently, future research should aim to explore the application of UTAUT2 to Gen Z, thereby contributing to the practical theory and actual development of e-commerce in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachTo gather data, the researcher utilized a quantitative approach by conducting surveys through Google Forms. Regression analysis was employed with SPSS and AMOS software to explore the relationship between constructs in the UTAUT2 model and e-commerce behavioral intention and use behavior. The present study included 32 observed variables, and the final sample size was 302 participants based on the actual situation.FindingsThe findings demonstrate the successful testing of UTAUT2 and yield positive results within the context of a developing country like Vietnam. Furthermore, the author acknowledges the influence of gender in the model, contributing to the diverse outcomes within this research domain. According to the research results, the UTAUT2 model explains that 69.5% of consumers exhibit behavioral intentions to use e-commerce. Therefore, it represents the predictive power of the model.Originality/valueThis study contributes significantly by concentrating on Generation Z’s e-commerce acceptance in Vietnam. It validates the UTAUT2 model within this demographic, underscores the influence of hedonic motivation and habit and reveals intriguing gender differences in behavioral intentions. These findings offer valuable insights for businesses and policymakers targeting Gen Z consumers.

Boosted direct electrochemical reduction of As(III) from arsenic wastewater via Cu(II)-assisted codeposition on a CuIn alloy electrode

Arsenic contamination is a severe environmental problem. A promising strategy for addressing this issue is the direct conversion of highly toxic As(III) to less toxic elemental arsenic (As(0)) using electrochemical reduction technology. In this study, a novel CuIn alloy nanoparticles-modified copper foam (CuIn NPs/CF) was prepared as an efficient cathode for the electrocatalytic reduction of highly mobile As(III) to solid As(0). Density functional theory (DFT) results revealed that the Cu-In bimetallic system exhibited weaker H atom bonding, and the Cu-ln surface was more favorable for the adsorption of *AsO₃ species than the Cu surface. Compared to the pristine CF electrode, CuIn NPs/CF was demonstrated to effectively suppressed the hydrogen evolution reaction with an enlarged hydrogen evolution potential of 1.45 V, and displayed a superior As(0) recovery yield. The conversion of As(III) to As(0) was further enhanced by adding Cu²⁺ to the electrolyte, facilitating a Cu-As co-deposition process. Notably, the CuIn NPs/CF electrode achieved an As(0) recovery yield of 5.38 mg cm⁻² after eight successive recycling tests. This work not only presents a green and sustainable strategy for As(III) removal, but also provides valuable insights into the rational design of Cu-based alloy cathodes for electrocatalytic reduction.

Blue-button: A tool for institution-agnostic, EHR-integrated regional clinical trial matching.

65 Background: Research indicates that most people with cancer are willing to enroll in clinical trials when offered the chance, but only 7% actually participate in cancer treatment trials. Barriers to screening and enrollment include time and effort for providers to screen patients for trials, and lack of awareness of available regional trials. Stakeholders recommended creation of free, automated screening tools and processes integrated into provider workflows, directly interfacing with site electronic health records (EHRs), that would search for regional trial eligibility. The need for such tools was independently identified in a large national survey of oncology providers. Methods: The Blue-button tool was developed to automatically identify relevant, regional clinical trials. A collaboration between ACS CAN and MITRE, a not-for-profit organization working in the public interest, created the tool’s functionality. Clinical workflow and research protocol were developed in collaboration with University of Texas Southwestern Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center. This SMART-on-FHIR application works within existing EHR systems by automatically extracting and sending limited, deidentified patient data elements to third-party trial matching services via the FHIR mCODE standard, a core set of non-proprietary, open-source structured data elements that establishes minimum standards for the structure and content of oncology data in health records. Potential trial matches within a specified radius of the practice are returned in a standard format using the FHIR Research Study resource. Results: Blue-button extracts limited patient data from EHR and provides it in an interface allowing users to update data before sending to trial matching services. Only non-identifiable information is sent to the external clinical trial matching services, which then return prescreen trial matches for manual review to confirm patient eligibility. Thus, with a few clicks in a medical record, the tool quickly identifies comprehensive trial availability within a specified distance of the patient’s location. When used by providers, Blue-button reduces the manual burden that often prevents consideration of clinical trials and identifies regional opportunities beyond the treating institution. Conclusions: Successful feasibility testing demonstrated the effectiveness of automated regional trial screening as a model. We have launched a clinical trial at two sites to assess the effectiveness of the Blue-button tool with patients in healthcare settings. We expect patient enrollment to continue through part or all of 2025. This trial of the Blue-button tool will provide additional information on provider accessibility and uptake and will demonstrate whether EHR-integrated regional trial screening leads to increased opportunities and enrollment in cancer clinical trials. Clinical trial information: NCT05885880 .

Decarbonization Roadmaps and Community Transition Pathways: empowering Energy Citizenship in the EU

Abstract The European energy transition is currently emphasizing advancements in regulations and technologies, with a focus also on social justice. Citizens are perceived as key players in the energy systems, as their direct involvement can contribute to the wide spread of improved behaviours and clean energy production. This paper explores Community Transition Pathways (CTPs), an innovative instrument to support energy citizenship effectively. CTPs guide citizens through structured paths, addressing diverse communities. Grounded in energy citizenship theories, the concept integrates insights from literature and policy developments. CTPs have been created within the H2020 project GRETA and verified in six case studies across Italy, Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, and Portugal. This paper aims to present the instrument as a project result, embedding its creation in the current debate about energy citizenship and transition pathways and presenting the results on three GRETA case studies. The research’s originality lies in its empirical approach, emphasizing citizens’ active roles in transition processes. Successful development and testing of CTPs demonstrate their value in fostering collaboration in clean energy production and facilitating participatory transition paths. However, ongoing refinement and replicability are essential for sustained success. By positioning citizens as active participants and reshaping public decision-making, CTPs advance a more inclusive and impactful approach to energy transition.

Assessing subscapularis tears: Relationship between special tests and pain & tear severity

BackgroundThe objective of this study is to examine the association between special tests for subscapularis tears and both pain and tear severity. MethodsNine hundred and two patients (145 with isolated lesions and 757 with combined lesions) diagnosed with arthroscopically confirmed subscapularis tears between 2010 and 2022. Subscapularis tear severity was classified according to Lafosse classification type I, II, III and IV. Preoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score at rest of the patients, flexion and abduction range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder and the results of the Lift-off test (LOT), Belly Press test (BPT), Bear Hug test (BHT), and Empty Can test (ECT) were documented. ResultsThe sensitivity of LOT in isolated and combined tears was 70.3 % and 69.5 %, 45.6 % and 41.2 % of BPT, 72.1 % and 72.6 % of BHT, 81.2 % and 84.1 % of ECT, respectively. There was no association between the severity of the subscapularis tear and the sensitivity in all special tests (p > 0.05). Only the ECT was observed to be associated with pain in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR = 33.1, p < 0.001). ConclusionsThe special tests used to evaluate subscapularis tears are neither sensitive to the severity of the tear nor to pain except for ECT. BHT is the most successful test to detect any subscapularis tear in both isolated and combined tears. Pain severity was related to the presence of a rotator cuff lesion accompanying subscapularis lesion, but not with the severity of subscapularis or remaining rotator cuff tear. Study designLevels of Evidence III, cross-sectional archive study. Clinical trial registration numberSince the study was a retrospective archive study, there was no clinical trial registration.

Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Computer Network: Review

A combination Artificial Intelligence (AI) with networks systems increases from efficiency and performance of the networks. Today routine life needs huge of data and applications shared between people that lead to a traffic load on networks, therefore intelligence networks produces are important abilities of AI in controlling and avoiding troubleshooting. Also AI improves from security and management of databases .Effective high-intelligent networks operate networks in automation systems .It is one of the most hopeful computer networks future. The development of artificial intelligence in the computer network relies on the importance of applications security and cloud computing. In recent years, a big development has occurred in Artificial Intelligence and majority of computer networks that leads to the of AI in the applications of network techniques. This paper reviews a role of combination of Artificial Intelligence with Computer Networks. Discussed two topics combination of AI in the computer network (Cloud Computing and Security). AI in cloud computing increases efficiency and significant networking. In addition, reduced the cost and minimized base of clouding. Artificial Intelligence controls huge amounts of databases in the cloud avoiding problems in heavy traffic networks. AI is a good solution in cyber-attacks, also solving most problems of security. Today more intelligent interaction with computer networks. Automate solutions in more application applying successful training and testing data sets. Artificial intelligence contributes to all fields of life and encourages the development of new technologies and uses. More robots, data automation, and many applications in the Internet of Things are expected.

From Catalyst Ink to PEM Fuel Cell Stack: First Full-Size Screen Printed Catalyst Layers Tested within a Generic Stack

This study presents a comprehensive investigation and research platform to introduce a production process chain from catalyst ink to a generic stack level. Screen printed catalyst layers are upscaled to meet industrial active areas of 283 cm² and decal transferred onto the polymer electrolyte membrane with a roll calender, which process parameters were optimized. Afterwards, the subgaskets and gas diffusion layers were applied, and a short stack has been assembled. For the first time, screen printed catalyst layers have been tested within a short stack of automotive size, showing the same performance as its commercial references. This sets the starting point for a successful manufacturing process and stack testing platform, which is valuable especially for CCM material and component manufacturers as well as the research community.

From Catalyst Ink to PEM Fuel Cell Stack: First Full-Size Screen Printed Catalyst Layers Tested within a Generic Stack

This study presents a comprehensive investigation and research platform to introduce a production process chain from catalyst ink to a generic stack level. Screen printed catalyst layers are upscaled to meet industrial active areas of 283 cm² and decal transferred onto the polymer electrolyte membrane with a roll calender, which process parameters were optimized. Afterwards, the subgaskets and gas diffusion layers were applied, and a short stack has been assembled. For the first time, screen printed catalyst layers have been tested within a short stack of automotive size, showing the same performance as its commercial references. This sets the starting point for a successful manufacturing process and stack testing platform, which is valuable especially for CCM material and component manufacturers as well as the research community.

Improving lower body muscle power indicators for non-athlete university students through plyometric exercise

Muscle power (FxV, explosive strength or explosive power) is an element of fitness level that influences the quality and efficiency of movements. Most of the studies that address plyometrics identify the effectiveness of this method at the level of performance athletes with different specializations and muscle power requirements. We considered that we can also study the possibility of using plyometrics in physical education lessons. The research identifies the benefits of implementing plyometric exercises for non-athlete university students on lower body muscle power indicators in curricular physical activities. The group of analyzed students (327 subjects/undergraduate level, of which 143 female and 184 male) participated in physical education lessons during one academic year (1 activity per week). The plyometric exercises used were jumping variants, diversified and adapted in dosage to the motor possibilities of the non-athlete students (on one or both legs, lateral, on ladder rungs or boxes, over hurdles, over cones, vertical and horizontal jumps). Their usefulness and effectiveness were verified by 3 successive tests: at the beginning, middle, and end of the academic year, through a battery of 7 lower body muscle power tests. The statistical calculation identifies significant increases in performance for both genders for all tests applied, both between the initial and final tests (T1-T3) and over the shorter time intervals/T1-T2 and T2-T3 (p &lt;0.05). For males, we found greater progress in the second semester of the year (T2-T3) for 5 of the 7 tests, so their adaptation is better and they respond to plyometric training better in the second part of the academic year. For females better progress in semester 2 (T2-T3) for 3 of the tests, respectively greater differences at the end of semester 1 (T1-T2) for 3 tests, especially for endurance power and 10 m acceleration. The research results confirm the effectiveness of plyometric exercises in increasing muscle power indicators for the studied student groups and are a useful option for improving fitness levels. The attractiveness and diversity of the used exercises ensured good student engagement in the lessons. Although the improvements are statistically significant, the results do not indicate spectacular increases and are still weaker than the values recorded in most other research. This is because the students involved in our study are not at all concerned about engaging in leisure time physical activities, except for curricular physical education activities, sedentarism being a major problem among young people.

Creating the Slider Tester Repair Recommendation System to Enhance the Repair Step by Using Machine Learning

This project aims to develop a recommendation system to mitigate looping issues in HDD slider testing using the Amber testing machine (Machine A). Components simulating the HDD often fail and require repair before re-testing. However, post-repair, there is a 34% probability that the component (referred to as Product A) will experience looping, characterized by repeated failures with error code A. This recurring issue significantly hampers testing efficiency by reducing the number of successful slider tests. To address this challenge, we propose a dual-approach recommendation system that provides technicians with actionable insights to minimize the occurrence of looping. For previously analyzed components, a collaborative filtering technique utilizing implicit ratings is employed to generate recommendations. For new components, for which prior data are unavailable, a cosine similarity approach is applied to suggest optimal actions. An automatic training system is implemented to retrain the model as new data become available, ensuring that the recommendation system remains robust and effective over time. The proposed system is expected to offer precise guidance to technicians, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the testing process by reducing the frequency of looping issues. This work represents a significant advancement in enhancing operational reliability and productivity in HDD slider testing.

Seismic performance of FRP-repaired RC piers after blast loading

Aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) repair on the seismic performance of blast-damaged reinforced concrete (RC) piers, the field test and numerical simulation were conducted. Firstly, a successive field explosion test, carbon FRP (CFRP) repair, and lateral cyclic loading test were performed on two 1/2-scale RC pier specimens. The test data including the incident overpressure-time histories of blast wave, damage profiles and lateral force-displacement relationships of pier specimens, etc. were comprehensively recorded and discussed. By comparing with the previous blast-damaged pier specimen, the negative maximum force and ductility of CFRP-repaired pier were increased by 97 % and 44.9 % after 1.0 kg TNT explosion, respectively. Then, an integrated numerical simulation approach based on explicit-implicit switching and full restart algorithms was proposed and validated in predicting the dynamic and quasi-static behaviors of RC piers under successive blast loading, CFRP repair, and lateral cyclic loading. Finally, a prototype RC pier was designed and the suicide vest bomb (TNT equivalence of 9 kg) specified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency was selected as the threat of contact explosion. The influences of FRP type, repair height, and number of FRP layer on restoring the seismic performance of the blast-damaged pier were further discussed. It indicates that, (i) CFRP is more effective than glass FRP and aramid FRP; (ii) increasing the repair height could not significantly improve the seismic performance of pier; (iii) the number of FRP layer has significant effect, e.g., the positive and negative maximum forces after 4-layer CFRP repair are improved by 9.4 % and 45.3 % compared to the unrepaired pier, respectively. The present study could provide a helpful reference for assessing the FRP repair effectiveness on the seismic performance of blast-damaged RC bridge piers.

Uji Efektivitas Daya Hambat Ekstrak dan Perasan Lidah Buaya (Aloe barbadensis Miller) pada Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dengan Metode Difusi

Aloe vera is a plant that is rich in minerals, vitamins, and antibacterial properties. A study to analyze the antibacterial effectiveness of aloe vera in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria isolated from acne pus. This study was an experimental laboratory study using the disc diffusion method, located at the Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, from February to May 2024. There were 6 sample treatments with 4 replications, 4 treatments of extract and juice concentration variations, namely concentrations of 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, positive control using penicillin antibiotics, and negative control using clean distilled water. The results of this study show that at aloe vera extract concentrations of 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%, the average diameter of the inhibition zone was 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, and 12 mm, respectively, while in aloe vera juice, these concentrations did not form an inhibition zone. So it was concluded that aloe vera extract is more effective than aloe vera juice, the most successful test material to slow the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in this study was aloe vera extract with a concentration of 100%. This study also conducted qualitative phytochemical testing on aloe vera extract which has antibacterial compounds, namely saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids. The results of the study on the effectiveness of the inhibitory power of aloe vera extract and juice against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria using the disc diffusion method were analyzed using quantitative descriptive and presented in tabulation form in the form of the diameter of the inhibition zone formed.

BJS 3 - The ScotCap registry: an evaluation of over 1000 colon capsule endoscopy procedures carried out in Scotland

Abstract Aims To report on the outcomes of patients undergoing colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) in Scotland (ScotCap) using a national CCE registry. Methods Patients undergoing CCE in NHS Scotland between August 1st, 2021 and August 1st, 2022 were included in this study. Patients were vetted to undergo CCE by clinicians in 5 NHS Scotland health boards. Patient data were collected prospectively by an eHealth system managing CCE referral and report sign off. CCE procedure data were collected by the ScotCap managed service carrying out CCE procedures. Data from both sources were compiled in the national CCE registry managed by Public Health Scotland. Results 1290 patients were included in this study. The median age of patients was 59 years and 58.5% of patients were female. A haemoglobin count was available for 1062 (82.3%) patients and the mean value was 139g/L. Faecal immunochemical test results were available for 1105 (85.7%) patients and of those with a test result, 903 (81.7%) had a result ≥10 µgHb/g. The rate of complete test, adequate bowel preparation and successful test (complete test with adequate bowel preparation) was 66.4%, 63.8% and 62.1%, respectively. Following CCE, 41.2%, 36.7%, 20.9% and 1.1% of patients required no further test, colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy and gastroscopy, respectively. One patient was reported to have experienced capsule retention with obstruction. Conclusions These are the first reported outcomes from the Scottish national CCE registry, and the largest reported series of CCE to date, which demonstrate a significant proportion of patients avoid colonoscopy when CCE is deployed nationally.

Successful Postcoital Testing of Ovaprene: An Investigational Non-hormonal Monthly Vaginal Contraceptive

Successful Postcoital Testing of Ovaprene: An Investigational Non-hormonal Monthly Vaginal Contraceptive