Terms Of Success Rate Research Articles

A target tracking method based on adaptive occlusion judgment and model updating strategy

Target tracking is an important research in the field of computer vision. Despite the rapid development of technology, difficulties still remain in balancing the overall performance for target occlusion, motion blur, etc. To address the above issue, we propose an improved kernel correlation filter tracking algorithm with adaptive occlusion judgement and model updating strategy (called Aojmus) to achieve robust target tracking. Firstly, the algorithm fuses color-naming (CN) and histogram of gradients (HOG) features as a feature extraction scheme and introduces a scale filter to estimate the target scale, which reduces tracking error caused by the variations of target features and scales. Secondly, the Aojmus introduces four evaluation indicators and a double thresholding mechanism to determine whether the target is occluded and the degree of occlusion respectively. The four evaluation results are weighted and fused to a final value. Finally, the updating strategy of the model is adaptively adjusted based on the weighted fusion value and the result of the scale estimation. Experimental evaluations on the OTB-2015 dataset are conducted to compare the performance of the Aojmus algorithm with four other comparable algorithms in terms of tracking precision, success rate, and speed. The experimental results show that the proposed Aojmus algorithm outperforms all the algorithms compared in terms of tracking precision. The Aojmus also exhibits excellent performance on attributes such as target occlusion and motion blur in terms of success rate. In addition, the processing speed reaches 74.85 fps, which also demonstrates good real-time performance.

A multi-institutional European comparative study of open versus robotic-assisted laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation in children with high grade (IV–V) vesicoureteral reflux

Traditionally, open ureteral reimplantation (OUR) has been the standard treatment for primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) requiring reimplantation. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation (RALUR) is gaining popularity and high success rates have been reported. In this multi-institutional study, we aimed to compare the perioperative and postoperative outcomes of OUR and RALUR for high-grade (IV+V) VUR in children. A retrospective evaluation was performed collecting data from 135 children (0-18 years) who underwent high grade VUR surgical correction at nine European institutions between 01/01/2009 and 01/12/2020, involving either open or robotic approaches. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Patients with lower grades of VUR (≤III), previous history of open or endoscopic ureteral surgery, neurogenic bladder, or refluxing megaureter in need of ureteral tapering were excluded. Pre-, peri- and post-operative data were statistically compared. Overall, 135 children who underwent either OUR (n=68), or RALUR (n=67) were included, and their clinic and demographic features were collected. The mean age of the open group was 11 months (interquartile range [IQR] 9.9-16.6 months), in the RALUR group it was 59 months (IQR 29-78mo) (p<0.01); the open cohort had a weight of 11kg (IQR 9.9-16.6kg) while the RALUR group had 19kg (IQR 13-25kg) (p<0.01). No significant differences were found for intraoperative (1.5% vs 7.5%, p=0.09) or for postoperative complication rates (7.4% vs 9%, p=0.15). Favorable outcomes were reported in the RALUR group: shorter time to stooling (1 vs 2 days), fewer indwelling urethral catheter days (1 vs 5 days), perioperative drain insertion time (1 vs 5 days) and a shorter length of hospital stay (2 vs 5 days) (p<0.01). The success rate was 94.0% and 98.5% in the open and RALUR groups, respectively. The long-term clinical success rates from both groups was comparable:42 vs 23 months for open and RALUR, respectively. This study reported a large multicentric experience focusing on high grade VUR. Furthermore, this study compares favorably to OUR in a safety analysis. There was also a trend towards higher success rates with RALUR utilizing an extravesical approach which has not been previously reported. RALUR is an efficacious and safe platform to use during ureteral reimplantation for high grade VUR. The overall peri-operative and post-operative complication rates are at least equivalent to OUR, but it is associated with a faster functional recovery and time to discharge. Medium to long term success rates are also equivalent to OUR.

Intra-pocket ultrasound-guided axillary vein puncture vs. cephalic vein cutdown for cardiac electronic device implantation: the ACCESS trial.

Intra-pocket ultrasound-guided axillary vein puncture (IPUS-AVP) for venous access in implantation of transvenous cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) is uncommon due to the lack of clinical evidence supporting this technique. This study investigated the efficacy and early complications of IPUS-AVP compared to the standard method using cephalic vein cutdown (CVC) for CIED implantation. ACCESS was an investigator-led, interventional, randomized (1:1 ratio), monocentric, controlled superiority trial. A total of 200 patients undergoing CIED implantation were randomized to IPUS-AVP (n = 101) or CVC (n = 99) as a first assigned route. The primary endpoint was the success rate of insertion of all leads using the first assigned venous access technique. The secondary endpoints were time to venous access, total procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, X-ray exposure, and complications. Complications were monitored during a follow-up period of three months after procedure. IPUS-AVP was significantly superior to CVC for the primary endpoint with 100 (99.0%) vs. 86 (86.9%) procedural successes (P = .001). Cephalic vein cutdown followed by subclavian vein puncture was successful in a total of 95 (96.0%) patients, P = .21 vs. IPUS-AVP. All secondary endpoints were also significantly improved in the IPUS-AVP group with reduction in time to venous access [3.4 vs. 10.6 min, geometric mean ratio (GMR) 0.32 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.28-0.36), P < .001], total procedure duration [33.8 vs. 46.9 min, GMR 0.72 (95% CI 0.67-0.78), P < .001], fluoroscopy time [2.4 vs. 3.3 min, GMR 0.74 (95% CI 0.63-0.86), P < .001], and X-ray exposure [1083 vs. 1423 mGy.cm², GMR 0.76 (95% CI 0.62-0.93), P = .009]. There was no significant difference in complication rates between groups (P = .68). IPUS-AVP is superior to CVC in terms of success rate, time to venous access, procedure duration, and radiation exposure. Complication rates were similar between the two groups. Intra-pocket ultrasound-guided axillary vein puncture should be a recommended venous access technique for CIED implantation.

Synthesizing Priority Planning Formulae for Multi-Agent Pathfinding

Prioritized planning is a popular approach to multi-agent pathfinding. It prioritizes the agents and then repeatedly invokes a single-agent pathfinding algorithm for each agent such that it avoids the paths of higher-priority agents. Performance of prioritized planning depends critically on cleverly ordering the agents. Such an ordering is provided by a priority function. Recent work successfully used machine learning to automatically produce such a priority function given good orderings as the training data. In this paper we explore a different technique for synthesizing priority functions, namely program synthesis in the space of arithmetic formulae. We synthesize priority functions expressed as arithmetic formulae over a set of meaningful problem features via a genetic search in the space induced by a context-free grammar. Furthermore we regularize the fitness function by formula length to synthesize short, human-readable formulae. Such readability is an advantage over previous numeric machine-learning methods and may help explain the importance of features and how to combine them into a good priority function for a given domain. Moreover, our experimental results show that our formula-based priority functions outperform existing machine-learning methods on the standard benchmarks in terms of success rate, run time and solution quality without using more training data.

Transformer-Based Imitative Reinforcement Learning for Multirobot Path Planning

Multi-robot path planning leads multiple robots from start positions to designated goal positions by generating efficient and collision-free paths. Multi-robot systems realize coordination solutions and decentralized path planning, which is essential for large-scale systems. The state-of-the-art decentralized methods utilize imitation learning and reinforcement learning methods to teach fully-decentralized policies, dramatically improving their performance. However, these methods cannot enable robots to perform tasks efficiently in relatively dense environments without communication between robots. We introduce the transformer structure into policy neural networks for the first time, dramatically enhancing the ability of policy neural networks to extract features that facilitate collaboration between robots. It mainly focuses on improving the performance of policies in relatively dense multi-robot environments under conditions where robots do not communicate with each other. Furthermore, a novel imitation reinforcement learning framework is proposed by combining contrastive learning and double deep Q-network to solve the problem of difficulty training policy neural networks after introducing the transformer structure. We present results in the simulation environment and compare the resulting policy against advanced multi-robot path planning methods in terms of success rate. Simulation results show that our policy achieves state-of-the-art performance when there is no communication between robots. Finally, we experimented with a real-world case using a total of three robots in our robotic laboratory.

A Comparative Study on Endoscopic Underlay versus Interlay Technique of Type I Tympanoplasty

Introduction: Tympanoplasty by underlay method is the commonly employed technique to repair perforated tympanic membrane and is conventionally done using a microscope. Aim of this study was to compare the results of underlay and interlay technique of endoscopic tympanoplasty between two groups. Materials and methods: A total of 100 patients were included in the study, with in a period of two years. All of them underwent type I endoscopic tympanoplasty, 50 patients in group 1 by interlay and 50 patients in group 2 by underlay method. All of whom were followed up for 6 months. Patients were evaluated and compared in terms of graft uptake, improvement in hearing and rate of complications Results: In the present study, Group 1 patients have recorded a graft uptake rate of 100% where as in group 2 it was 94%. 88% of the patients in group 1 and 84 % in group 2 reported a complete ABG closure at the end of 6 month. Conclusion: Endoscopic tympanoplasty, by interlay technique gives a very good success rate both in terms of graft uptake and air-bone gap closure when compared to underlay method. KEYWORDS: endoscopic tympanoplasty, interlay, underlay

COVID-19 Effects on Reward-based Crowdfunding Campaigns

Abstract This paper investigates the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on reward-based crowdfunding campaigns. Using data from the Kickstarter platform, I compare the number and success rates of the reward-based crowdfunding campaigns before and during the pandemic, for 16 different sectors. I find that the number of campaigns generally reduced during the pandemic period, but their success rates increased. I also find that the success rate differences are statistically significant for 6 out of the 16 sectors, and that this difference is positive for all 6 sectors, showing a robust result of better performance in terms of success rates. JEL classification numbers: G30, M20. Keywords: reward-based crowdfunding, COVID-19, success factors.

Feasibility and safety of a percutaneous and non-fluoroscopic procedure for left atrial appendage closure in patients for whom fluoroscopy presents risk: a cohort study.

Most patients undergoing left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) are older adult individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF) and many comorbidities, which may elevate the risk for complications associated with contrast agents with the fluoroscopic image-guided procedure. This retrospective cohort study of patients with AF at high risk for use of contrast agents compared the feasibility and safety of LAAC using percutaneous and non-fluoroscopic procedure with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as the only image guidance relative to those under fluoroscopic image guidance. In this retrospective study, we enrolled 126 patients with AF who underwent LAAC from September 2017 to December 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the imaging guidance modality: a TEE group (n=32) and a fluoroscopic group (n=94). We analyzed the differences in complete closure rates and device- and procedure-related complications between the 2 groups. Continuous variables were assessed using the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney test, while categorical variables were evaluated using Pearson chi-squared test or Fisher exact test. Propensity-score matching was used to adjust for baseline differences. Propensity-score matching yielded 25 pairs of patients with similarly distributed age (72.9±6.9 vs. 73.1±4.9 years; P=0.925), gender (10:15 vs. 11:14; P>0.99), weight (68.3±11.2 vs. 68.1±12.3 kg; P=0.948), and alanine aminotransferase level (20.0±9.8 vs. 22.5±14.2 U/L; P=0.482). The LAA was successfully occluded in all patients, and the TEE group showed similar results to the fluoroscopic group in terms of success rate (100% vs. 100%; P>0.99) and hospitalization duration [5.0 (IQ1-IQ3: 3.0-7.0) vs. 5.0 (IQ1-IQ3: 3.0-6.0) days; P=0.498]. The groups also demonstrated comparable complication rates, with 1 (4.2%) case of pericardial effusion and 1 (4.2%) case of residual shunt in the TEE group, and 5 (20%) cases of residual shunt, 1 (4.2%) case of pericardial effusion, 1 (4.2%) case of myocardial infarction, and 1 (4.2%) case of access-related complications in the fluoroscopic group. There were no deaths. The overall incidence rate of procedure-related complications (6.2% vs. 18.1%, P=0.153) at mean 22.2±4.5 months follow-up between the 2 groups was similar. In patients with AF of high risk for use of contrast agents, LAAC under non-fluoroscopic guidance appears feasible and safe with similar outcomes to that under fluoroscopic guidance.

Long-Range Navigation in Complex and Dynamic Environments with Full-Stack S-DOVS

Robotic autonomous navigation in dynamic environments is a complex problem, as traditional planners may fail to take dynamic obstacles and their variables into account. The Strategy-based Dynamic Object Velocity Space (S-DOVS) planner has been proposed as a solution to navigate in such scenarios. However, it has a number of limitations, such as inability to reach a goal in a large known map, avoid convex objects, or handle trap situations. In this article, we present a modified version of the S-DOVS planner that is integrated into a full navigation stack, which includes a localization system, obstacle tracker, and novel waypoint generator. The complete system takes into account robot kinodynamic constraints and is capable of navigating through large scenarios with known map information in the presence of dynamic obstacles. Extensive simulation and ground robot experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our system even in environments with dynamic obstacles and replanning requirements, and show that our waypoint generator outperforms other approaches in terms of success rate and time to reach the goal when combined with the S-DOVS planner. Overall, our work represents a step forward in the development of robust and reliable autonomous navigation systems for real-world scenarios.

Pedestrian Tracking in UAV Images With Kalman Filter Motion Estimator and Correlation Filter

Visual object tracking is one of the significant parts of systems varying from autonomous driving to drone-based surveillance/tracking. Discriminative correlation filter (DCF) based trackers have proved their prominence in the past few years. These utilize visual information present in images for monitoring. This work uses the Kalman Filter (KF) to derive a motion estimation model. It combines it with two DCF-based trackers, namely Kernelized Correlation Filter (KCF) and Discriminative Correlation Filter with Channel and Spatial Reliability (CSRDCF) for pedestrian tracking. Camera motion-compensated versions of the trackers are also presented. The performance of the proposed methodology is presented in terms of Success Rate (SR) and Precision (P). Real-time power consumption, memory occupancy, and speed of trackers on the Jetson Nano (ARM Cortex-A57, 4 GB RAM) board have been presented.

Treatment of penile curvature with aldehyde free bovine pericardium graft: an original and prospective evaluation of a cohort of patients with peyronie’s disease

Introduction: Peyronie´s disease (PD) is a common condition that can cause penile curvature and /or deformities and therefore affecting the male sexual function. The most effective treatment for clinically significative and stable penile curvature due to PD is the reconstructive surgery that involves techniques that do not shorten the penile length. Among the techniques that correct the curvature restoring the penile length, the incision and/or excision of the plaque, followed by the reconstruction of the defect with a graft remains as the gold standard. Although several materials have been used as a graft in the treatment of penile curvature due to PD, none have shown results good enough to be considered as the first choice. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the results of the surgical treatment of patients with penile curvature due to PD using a new biograft. Methodology: We performed the surgical management with graft technique in twelve men suffering from penile curvature due to PD. Penile curvature was measured before and one year after the reconstructive procedure. The graft of choice was the bovine pericardium graft segment treated with L-Hydro aldehyde-free technology. Erectile function was evaluated by the IIEF questionnaire and penis length was measured by a rigid rule during the pharmacological induced erection test. Results: The overall success rate of correction of the penile curvature was 90.9% and the patient’s satisfaction rate was 91.7%. No serious adverse events were found and erectile function impaired in 18.2%.There was an increase in penile length in 91.7% and this ranged from 0.7 to 3.0 cm. Conclusion: Correction of penile curvature due to Peyronie's disease using the technique of incision and/or excision of the plaque with the aldehyde-free bovine pericardium graft has high success rates in terms of both penile shaft rectification and patient satisfaction. L-hydro bovine pericardium graft is easy to handle surgically, allows a tight anastomosis and does not present serious postoperative complications. Furthermore, it can be used simultaneously with penile implants and appears to have a role in restoring penile length.

Comparison of venous approach and conventional approach in children undergoing percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure

BackgroundThe standard method for the closure of PDA is the conventional method, where both arterial and venous access are obtained. Patent ductus arteriosus can be closed successfully via venous-only approach. ObjectivesTo compare the outcomes of the venous approach and combined arterial and venous approach (conventional approach) among children undergoing percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus device closure at Sahid Gangalal National heart center, Kathmandu, Nepal. MethodsA total of 248 children <15 years of age with a diagnosis of PDA were included in this retrospective observational study. Echocardiography was used for the selection of patients. We compared the venous approach and combined arterial and venous approach (conventional approach) of PDA device closure in these patients. ResultsA total of 248 children with age groups of 6 months to 14 years were enrolled during the study period. The venous-only approach (group B) was used in 96 patients, and the conventional approach (group A) was used in 152 patients. Baseline characteristics, clinical characteristics, and clinical outcomes in terms of success rate, complications, procedure time, fluoroscopic time, and contrast used were compared between the two groups.The rate of successful closure in group A and group B patient groups were 96.7 % and 100 %, respectively. The mean procedure time was significantly lesser in group B as compared to group A (25 ± 6.6 min in group B vs. 52 ± 10.4 min in group B, p value ≤ 0.001). The mean fluoroscopy time was also significantly lesser in group B as compared to group A (5 min ± 1.728 in group B vs. 6.5 min ± 2.3 in group A, p-value <0.001). Similarly, the total amount of contrast used was also significantly lesser in group B as compared to group A (24.2 ml ± 11.8 in group B vs. 30ml ± 14.45, p value = 0.001). The complication rate was 11.2 % (n = 17) in group A vs 11 % (n = 11) in group B patient groups. ConclusionThe venous-only approach can be used as a method of closing PDA as it has lesser procedure time, fluoroscopic time, and lesser amount of contrast used. However, proper patient selection is important prior to performing device closure.

Tongue Flap for Closure of Complex Oronasal Fistula.

Complex oronasal fistula is one of the most frequent secondary complications of cleft palate correction and is considered a reconstructive challenge. Tongue flaps are one of the procedures for the treatment of complex fistulas associated or not with multiple previous procedures, offering a high success rate, few complications, and problems during its development. This study evaluates the efficacy in terms of functionality, esthetic, donor area morbidity and clarifies surgical technique steps. Descriptive cohort study was performed between August 2011 to August 2021 where an anteriorly based dorsal tongue flap was performed in 30 patients with complex palatal fistulas, evaluating outcomes in terms of technique reproducibility and flap viability, correction of oronasal regurgitation, speech, donor site morbidity, complications, and esthetics. The senior author has used this technique with consistent clinical outcomes to improve complex oronasal fistula with minimal complications, with a good success rate in terms of correction of the palatal defect with imperceptible alteration of the lingual donor area. In addition, establishes a specific definition of persistence and recurrence of oronasal fistula. The tongue flap is considered the gold standard in complex oronasal fistula reconstructions with satisfactory outcomes, and it offers an adequate amount of vascularized tissue achieving fistula closure without functional or esthetic impairment of the donor area and is a highly reproducible technique.

Efficacy and Safety of Antibiotic Impregnated Microporous Nanohydroxyapatite Beads for Chronic Osteomyelitis Treatment: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Prospective Cohort Study.

Chronic osteomyelitis is still a serious health problem that causes disabling conditions and has an impact on the quality of life. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of localized antibiotics delivery via impregnated microporous nanohydroxyapatite (nHA-ATB) beads for chronic osteomyelitis treatment. A total of 62 patients were enrolled in this study. After radical surgical debridement, the bone defect was filled with three types of antibiotics (vancomycin or gentamicin or fosfomycin) impregnated HA beads. The follow-up period was 48 weeks. It was found that the success rate was approximately 98% with a re-infection in only one patient. Quality of life of all patients after treatment improved significantly over time. Systemic exposure to vancomycin and gentamicin after beads implantation was limited and high local antibiotics concentrations were found in wound drainage fluid at 24, 48 and 72 h. Blood biochemistry measurements did not show any nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic effects. 20 adverse events were reported, but 90% of the events were resolved without having to remove the beads and the patients recovered. Satisfactory outcomes were observed in terms of success rate, quality of life and adverse effect. nHA-ATB beads impregnated by vancomycin or gentamicin or fosfomycin could potentially be employed as an alternative product of choice for localized antibiotics delivery in chronic osteomyelitis treatment.

Using a Transradial Method, The Results of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at a Tertiary Care Cardiac Centre

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the in-hospital outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed using a transradial technique in a cardiac centre that provides tertiary care. Study Design: Descriptive/ observational study Place and Duration: Department of cardiology, Peshawar Institute of Cardiology, Hayatabad phase 5 Peshawar, KPK in the duration from April, 2022 to September, 2022. Methods: 104 patients were included in the trial; all had ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and had presented within 12 hours of symptom onset without a history of thrombolytic treatment, coronary angioplasty, or cardiac surgery. Patients were monitored for forearm hematoma and mortality during their hospital stays after diagnostic angiography and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the artery supplying the infarct.SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: There were majority 75 (72.1%) males and 29 (27.9%) females among all cases. Included patients had mean age 48.44±13.67 years and had mean BMI 27.6±3.48 kg/m2. 48 (46.2%) patients were smokers and most common comorbidity was diabetes found in 63 (60.6%) cases followed by HTN, CAD, hyperlipidemia and obesity. Success rate of PCI by using transradial method was found in 101 (97.1%) cases. Mortality was only found in 2 cases and post-procedure forearm hematoma was found in 1 patients. Mortality and forearm hematoma was found because of old age among patients. Conclusion: In this study, we came to the conclusion that primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed using a transradial technique is a viable alternative that has great success rates in terms of both mortality rates and morbidity, such as hematoma of the forearm. Keywords: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, transradial approach, Forearm hematoma, mortality

Reasons for Failure of CAD/CAM Restorations in Clinical Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The systematic review presented herein was performed to descriptively analyze the causes for the failure of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) restorations. The meta-analysis reported herein was performed to estimate long-term survival and success rates of CAD-CAM fabrications. Using the PICOS paradigm, a systematic search was carried out in the PubMed and Cochrane databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective observational studies reporting survival data for CAD/CAM restorations. After selecting studies with a predefined set of selection criteria, data from included prospective clinical studies and RCTs were used for a systematic review aimed at a descriptive analysis of factors associated with failure of CAD-CAM restorations. Data from the included prospective clinical studies were used for meta-analysis, wherein 5-year and 10-year survival and success rates were estimated using Poisson regression models. The systematic review included data from 9 RCTs and 6 observational studies, which had a median follow-up of 36 months and 60 months, respectively. About 58 failures and 118 technical/ biological complications were noted in the included RCTs and 9 failures along with 58 technical/biological complications were noted in the prospective clinical studies. Poisson regression indicated an estimated 5-year and 10-year survival rates of 85.55-100 and 71-100, respectively. The estimated 5-year and 10-year success rates were 74.2-92.75 and 33.3-85.5, respectively. Several technical and biological complications contribute to failure of CAD/CAM restorations. However, CAD/CAM restorations with routine chairside materials might have clinically meaningful success rates in the long term. The results presented herein indicate that optimal strategies for mitigation of biological and technical complications may augment the success of CAD/CAM fabrications in restorative dentistry. Studies aimed at identification of such strategies are needed to further enhance the long-term success rates of CAD/CAM restorations.

MYRINGOPLASTY: SURGICAL OUTCOME AND HEARING IMPROVEMENT IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Myringoplasty is one of the commonly performed otologic surgery. Myringoplasty is surgical repair of the tympanic membrane. There are various indications for the myringoplasty, mostly to stop recurrent otorrhea, improve hearing and for social reasons. The aim of our study was to evaluate surgical outcome of myringoplasty in terms of graft uptake and hearing improvement in tertiary care hospital. METHODS: It is a prospective observational study conducted in tertiary care hospital from June 2022 to December 2022. All patients underwent underlay myringoplasty under local anesthesia by single surgeon. The preoperative PTA of patients were compared with postoperative PTA. ABG closure was also calculated. Graft take-up was evaluated at 1 and 3 months. RESULTS: The 96 patients underwent myringoplasty of which 52% were females and 48% were males with mean age of 39.5 years. The graft uptake rate was 97% and average improvement in AC after surgery was 10dB. The average ABG closure after surgery was 8db at 3 months. CONCLUSION: Myringoplasty is a safe otologic surgical procedure which helps the patients to have a dry ear and improve hearing. Myringoplasty have shown high success rate in terms of graft uptake, AC improvement and ABG closure in tertiary care center.

Comparison between the long-axis in-plane and short-axis out-of-plane approaches for ultrasound-guided arterial cannulation: a meta-analysis and systematic review

BackgroundThe two most common methods for ultrasound-guided arterial cannulation are the long-axis in-plane (LA-IP) and short-axis out-of-plane (SA-OOP) approaches. However, it is uncertain which method is more advantageous. We conducted a meta-analysis of reported randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the two techniques in terms of success rate, cannulation time, and complications.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library database for RCTs comparing the LA-IP and SA-OOP techniques for ultrasound-guided arterial cannulation published from inception through April 31, 2022. The Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of each RCT. Review Manager 5.4 and Stata/SE 17.0 were used to analyze the two primary outcome measures (first-attempt success rate and total success rate) and two secondary outcome measures (cannulation time and complications).ResultsA total of 13 RCTs with 1,377 patients were included. There were no significant differences in first-attempt success rate (risk ratio [RR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78–1.12; P = 0.45; I2 = 84%) and overall success rate (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95–1.02; P = 0.48; I2 = 57%). When compared with the LA-IP technique, the SA-OOP technique was associated with an increased incidence of posterior wall puncture (RR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.27–7.14; P = 0.01; I2 = 79%) and hematoma (RR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.05–4.37; P = 0.04; I2 = 63%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of vasospasm between techniques (RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.37–4.23; P = 0.07; I2 = 53%).ConclusionsThe present results suggest that the SA-OOP technique is associated with a higher incidence of posterior wall puncture and hematoma than the LA-IP technique, whereas success rates are similar for the two ultrasound-guided arterial cannulation techniques. These findings should be experimentally evaluated in a more rigorous manner due to high inter-RCT heterogeneity.

Comparison of safety and efficacy of one shot dilation vs. gradual dilation technique in supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

To compare the efficacy and safety of gradual dilation (GD) and one-shot dilation (OSD) techniques in patients who underwent supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The data of 176 patients who underwent supine PCNL were reviewed. Eighty-seven patients who underwent OSD were defined as group 1, and 89 patients who underwent GD were defined as group 2. Both surgical techniques were compared with each other in terms of various parameters. Then, regression analysis of factors predicting stone-free status and complications in patients who underwent supine PNL were performed. Then, regression analysis of factors predicting success rate and complications in patients who underwent supine PNL were performed. No statistical difference was found in terms of stone-free rate, Clavien-Dindo complication grade and operation time. No statistical difference was found in terms of success rate, Clavien-Dindo complication grade and operation time. However, the fluoroscopy time was found to be significantly shorter in group 1 (p < 0.001). In the analysis of factors predicting stone-free status, the presence of calyceal stones, increased stone size and number were associated with a decrease in stone-free rate. In the analysis of factors predicting success, the presence of calyceal stones, increased stone size and number were associated with a decrease in success rate. Increased fluoroscopy and operation time, increased complication rates were found to be significantly associated with residual stone. Analysis of factors predicting complications found a higher complication rate in patients with low BMI and severe hydronephrosis. Increased complication was associated with increased time to nephrostomy removal and hospital stay, decrease in stone-free rate, decrease in Hb and increase in Cre value at the postoperative 24th hour. When comparing OSD and GD in patients undergoing supine PCNL, both techniques have similar stone-free and complication rates. When comparing OSD and GD in patients undergoing supine PCNL, both techniques have similar success and complication rates. Compared to GD, the OSD technique can be preferred primarily due to its shorter fluoroscopy time.

Comparative efficacies of 13 surgical interventions for primary congenital glaucoma in children: a network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Timely and proper intraocular pressure (IOP) management is vital to the prevention of visual impairment in children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Although various surgical interventions have been proposed, no well-founded evidence exists on their comparative efficacies. We aimed to compare the efficacies of surgical interventions for PCG. We searched relevant sources up to 4 April 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) entailing surgical interventions for PCG in children were identified. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed, comparing 13 surgical interventions: Conventional partial trabeculotomy ([CPT] control), 240-degree trabeculotomy, Illuminated microcatheter-assisted circumferential trabeculotomy (IMCT), Viscocanalostomy, Visco-circumferential-suture-trabeculotomy, Goniotomy, Laser goniotomy, Kahook dual blade ab-interno trabeculectomy, Trabeculectomy with mitomycin C, Trabeculectomy with modified scleral bed, Deep sclerectomy, Combined trabeculectomy-trabeculotomy with mitomycin C, and Baerveldt implant. The main outcomes were mean IOP reduction and surgical success rate at postoperative 6 months. The mean differences (MDs) or odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed by a random-effects model, and the efficacies were ranked by P -score. We appraised the RCTs using the Cochrane risk-of-bias (ROB) tool (PROSPERO: CRD42022313954). Sixteen RCTs were eligible for NMA, including 710 eyes of 485 participants and 13 surgical interventions, which formed a network of 14 nodes comprising both single interventions and intervention combinations. IMCT was superior to CPT in both IOP reduction [MD (95% CI): -3.10 (-5.50 to -0.69)] and surgical success rate [OR (95% CI): 4.38 (1.61-11.96)]. The MD and OR comparing the other surgical interventions and intervention combinations with CPT were not statistically significant. The P -scores ranked IMCT as the most efficacious surgical intervention in terms of success rate ( P -score =0.777). Overall, the trials had a low-to-moderate ROB. This NMA indicated that IMCT is more effective than CPT and might be the most efficacious of the 13 surgical interventions for management of PCG.