Cr Substitution Research Articles

Pressure induced structural phase transition in Cr doped Mn2O3 multiferroics

The pressure dependent structural properties of polycrystalline Mn2−xCrxO3 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05) multiferroics have been investigated using synchrotron x-ray diffraction (SXRD) measurements up to 41 GPa at room temperature (RT). Our results illustrate that irrespective of their RT crystal structure, all the studied samples undergo pressure induced structural phase transition to monoclinic phase. For pristine Mn2O3, the phase transition starts around 20.8 GPa and completely transformed to monoclinic phase around 37 GPa during compression. The co-existence of orthorhombic and monoclinic phase persists at wide pressure range i.e. 20.8 to 37 GPa. The Cr substitutions lower the required pressure for pressure induced phase transition i.e. for x = 0.01 and x = 0.05, Cr doped samples, the pressure induced phase transition occurs at 35 GPa and 33 GPa, respectively. These transitions are reversible (with hysteresis) during decompression and remained unquenchable under pressure. These results corroborate that Cr substitution modify the RT crystal structure and induces positive chemical pressure in Mn2O3.

Anomalous displacement reaction for synthesizing above-room-temperature and air-stable vdW ferromagnet PtTe2Ge1/3.

Emerging van der Waals (vdW) magnets provide a paradise for the exploration of magnetism in the ultimate two-dimensional (2D) limit, and the construction of integrated spintronic devices, and have become a research frontier in the field of low-dimensional materials. To date, prototypical vdW magnets based on metals of the first transition series (e.g. V, Cr, Mn and Fe) and chalcogen elements suffer from rapid oxidation restricted by the Hard-Soft-Acid-Base principle, as well as low Curie temperatures (T C), which has become a generally admitted challenge in 2D spintronics. Here, starting from air-unstable Cr2Ge2Te6 vdW thin flakes, we synthesize Ge-embedded PtTe2 (namely PtTe2Ge1/3) with superior air stability, through the displacement reaction in the Cr2Ge2Te6/Pt bilayer. In this process, the anomalous substitution of Cr with Pt in the thermal diffusion is inverse to the metal activity order, which can be attributed to the compatibility between soft-acid (Pt) and soft-base (Te) elements. Meanwhile, the layered uniform insertion of Ge unbalances Pt-Te bonds and introduces long-range ordered ferromagnetism with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and a Curie temperature above room temperature. Our work demonstrates the anti-metal-activity-order reaction tendency unique in 2D transition-metal magnets and boosts progress towards practical 2D spintronics.

Influence of Cr substitution on structural, optical, and magnetic properties of La2SrFe2O7: Their application as a photocatalyst for the degradation of Rhodamine B dye

A new n = 2 Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) series La2SrFe2-xCrxO7 (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8) has been prepared via Sol-gel Pechini method, and their structural, optical, and the magnetic characterization was done. Furthermore, we are for the first-time reporting on the photo-catalytic degradation of a dye by a complete n = 2, La2SrFe2-xCrxO7 RP series. Rietveld refinement analysis confirms the formation of single-phase compounds with tetragonal crystal symmetry and I4/mmm space group. The results indicate a steady decrease in unit cell parameters and cell volume with Cr3+ doping. Dominant anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) interactions were observed in all the phases and the appearance of weak ferromagnetic (FM) interactions takes place owing to the Fe3+―O―Cr3+ FM interaction with Cr3+ doping. The χM−FC curve for x = 0.8 phase shows the magnetization reversal (MR) phenomenon and becomes zero at Tcomp ∼127 K and the value becomes negative on further decreasing the temperature. The MR phenomenon is discussed in terms of the competing Fe3+―O―Fe3+, Fe3+―O―Cr3+, and Cr3+―O―Cr3+ super-exchange interactions. Enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye was obtained for x = 0.2 substituted phase, displaying a ∼99% degradation of dye in 30 min followed by ∼83%, ∼75%, ∼64% and ∼61% by x = 0.4, 0.0, 0.8 and 0.6 phases respectively in the same time interval. The results are explained in terms of crystallite size, the narrowing of band gap with Cr3+ substitution, and based on of recombination of charge carriers which, are in good agreement with the results of Photoluminescence (PL) emission intensity spectra.

Effects of Cr and Fe substitution at Mn-sites of GdMn1-xTxO3 (x = 0, 0.10) on its structural and complex dielectric properties

The observation of insulators to metallic conduction leads to vigorous study in transition metal-doped GdMnO3. Present study reveals the detailed study of structural correlation to electrical properties of transition metal element doped polycrystalline GdMn1-xTxO3 (where T = Cr, Fe; x = 0, 0.10) solid solution. The structural properties and phase purity of the synthesized samples have been analyzed by XRD. The Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns shows that the samples are crystallized in orthorhombic symmetry having the Pnma space group. However, the doping of Cr and Fe affects the octahedral distortion and structural parameters. The Mn–O octahedral distortion in Cr and Fe doped GdMn1-xTxO3 is reduced compared to pure GdMnO3, which is confirmed by the Raman spectroscopy. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study is further observed to study the multiple valence state of Cr, Fe, and Mn in the material, which affects the structural and electrical properties of doped GdMn1-xTxO3. The low-temperature complex dielectric, complex Impedance, and ac conductivity study reveal the anomalous change in the dielectric behavior of Cr and Fe doped GdMn1-xTxO3 compared to pure GdMnO3. Dielectric constant and impedance show a relatively high value in GdMnO3, but the values decrease after Cr and Fe doping. A rapid change with decreased dielectric constant values in GdMn0.9Cr0.1O3 is observed compared to GdMn0.9Fe0.1O3 and GdMnO3 in the temperature range of 300 K–80 K. The ac conductivity and activation energy study of polycrystalline GdMn1-xTxO3 reveal the transformation from insulator to semiconducting nature of the material.

Electrode Design for High-Power Sodium-Ion Batteries: Cr Doping into Nasicon-Structured Na3V2(PO4)3 Cathode with Self-Carbon-Coating

NASICON-structured Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) is one of the most promising cathode material for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries. NVP is characterized by a robust 3D structural framework and a high operating potential; these properties have enabled it to be widely studied as a stable and high-energy density cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs).1-4 In the present study, we designed a Na3V1.6Cr0.4(PO4)3/C (NVCrP@C) cathode by implanting Cr into the crystal structure of NVP and simultaneously coating the surface of NVP with carbon for realizing high power density SIBs. NVP is fabricated using a low-cost pyro synthesis technique with the advantage of self-carbon-coating and nano sized particles are gained through this facile technique. The substitution of Cr with vanadium in the NVP structure significantly enhanced the structural stability of the electrode while the uniform and thin carbon layer improved the electrical conductivity. Interestingly, the NVCrP@C cathode showed high electrochemical activities with multiple V3+/4+/5+ redox reactions triggered by Cr3+ substitution in a wide voltage range (2.5–4.1 V). Consequently, the NVCrP@C cathode delivered excellent cycling stability over 500 cycles even at 15 C-rate and power capability up to 70 C-rate. References Y. Cao, L. Xiao, W. Wang, D. Choi, Z. Nie, J. Yu, L. V. Saraf, Z. Yang and J. Liu, Mater., 2011, 23, 3155-3160.M. Giot, L. C. Chapon, J. Androulakis, M. A. Green, P. G. Radaelli and A. Lappas, Rev. Lett., 2007, 99, 247211 M. H. Han, E. Gonzalo, G. Singh and T. Rojo, Energy Environ. Sci., 2015, 8, 81-102. H. Liu, J. Xu, C. Ma and Y. S. Meng, Chem. Comm., 2015, 51, 4693-4696

Optimizing thermoelectric performance of CoSbS0.85Se0.15 by doping 3d transition metal ions M (M = Cr, Mn, Fe and Ni)

Transitional metal compound CoSbS attracted much attention as a thermoelectric material in the past decades. The configuration of the transition metal octahedra has a close relationship with the thermoelectric performance. This study reports the optimized thermoelectric performance of CoSbS through tuning Co octahedra distortion. The substitution of M (M ​= ​Cr, Mn, Fe and Ni) on Co sites could remarkably reduce the lattice thermal conductivity, and typically, Cr substitution endows the lowest lattice thermal conductivity owing to its strongest effect on the octahedra distortion, whereas Ni substitution induces to a relatively weak octahedra distortion at the same substitution level. Additionally, band structure calculations demonstrate that Ni-3d orbitals contribute shallow impurity levels near the conduction band minimum, strikingly increasing the carrier concentration and power factor. As a result, CoSbS0.85Se0.15 with Ni substitution on Co sites exhibits a much higher thermoelectric performance compared with the other counterparts. Furthermore, by optimizing Ni content, a maximum zT value of 0.52 ​at 876 ​K was achieved in Ni0.10Co0.90SbS0.85Se0.15. This study provides an exemplary approach to optimize the thermoelectric performance via polyhedral distortion.

Role of Cr Doping on the Structure, Electronic Structure, and Electrochemical Properties of BiFeO3 Nanoparticles.

BiFe1−xCrxO3, (0 ≤ x ≤ 10) nanoparticles were prepared through the sol–gel technique. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, viz., X-ray diffraction, high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (HRFESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), dc magnetization, near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, to investigate the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic and electrochemical properties. The structural analysis showed the formation of BiFeO3 with rhombohedral (R3c) as the primary phase and Bi25FeO39 as the secondary phase. The secondary phase percentage was found to reduce with increasing Cr content, along with reductions in crystallite sizes, lattice parameters and enhancement in strain. Nearly spherical shape morphology was observed via HRFESEM with Bi, Fe, Cr and O as the major contributing elements. The bandgap reduced from 1.91 to 1.74 eV with the increase in Cr concentration, and PL spectra revealed emissions in violet, blue and green regions. The investigation of magnetic field (H)-dependent magnetization (M) indicated a significant effect of Cr substitution on the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles. The ferromagnetic character of the samples was found to increase with the increase in the Cr concentration and the increase in the saturation magnetization. The Fe (+3/+4) was dissolved in mixed-valence states, as found through NEXAFS analysis. Electrochemical studies showed that 5%-Cr-doped BFO electrode demonstrated outstanding performance for supercapacitors through a specific capacitance of 421 F g−1 measured with a scan rate of 10 mV s−1. It also demonstrated remarkable cyclic stability through capacitance retention of >78% for 2000 cycles.

The structural, magnetic, electronic, and mechanical properties of orthogonal/hexagonal M7C3 (M = Fe and Cr) carbides from first-principles calculations

First-principles calculations were performed to investigate the structural, magnetic, electronic, and mechanical properties of orthogonal (o-)/hexagonal (h-) M7C3 (M = Fe and Cr) carbides. The o/h-M7C3 structural framework is formed by a 9-vertex Bernal polyhedron (triplet with C-prisms) combined with tetrahedra and octahedra attached to its free triangular faces. The total magnetic properties of the M7C3 carbide arise from the Wyckoff sites of Fe and Cr atom and Fe - (Fe, Cr or C) bond length. M7C3 carbides have the characteristics of covalent, metallic and ionic bonds. Cr substitution causes the reinforcement of the covalent bond of Fe–Cr. Fe3Cr4C3 has superior mechanical properties with higher hardness and strength, which indicates the probability of the excellent wear resistance of high chromium cast iron. This investigation provides a theoretical basis for obtaining the excellent physical properties of Fe-based materials.

A Solvothermal Synthesis of the CdS Nanorods Doped with Cr and Investigation of Ferromagnetic and Optical Properties at Room Temperature

Cr-doped CdS nanorods with room temperature enhanced ferromagnetism have been successfully synthesized by solvothermal reaction. The products were distinctly assigned to the hexagonal phase cadmium sulfide by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that the morphologies of CdS doped with different contents chromium were all nanorods. The CdS nanorods morphologies with lengths of 100–350 nm and average diameters of 20–30 nm were almost independent on the quality of introduced chromium. Energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) measurements demonstrated that the synthesized products were consisted of S, Cd and Cr. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) indicated that the Cr-doped CdS nanorods had ferromagnetism at room temperature, while the pure CdS nanorods had weak ferromagnetism. The saturation magnetization Ms of Cr-doped CdS nanorods (Cr = 4.17at%, 7.31at%) was approximately 3.907 and 8.798 (10−3emu/g), respectively. The coercivity of Hc was approximately 96.21, 137.15 Oe. The ferromagnetism of CdS nanorods was associated with Cr substitution in the CdS lattice.

Effect of Cr Substitution on Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties for La0.62Nd0.05Ba0.33MnO3

Effect of Cr Substitution on Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties for La0.62Nd0.05Ba0.33MnO3

FTIR and Electrical Properties of Cr Substituted Li0.5Fe2.5−xO4 Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Auto Combustion

The highly desirable properties of lithium ferrite and various metal ion substituted lithium ferrite make it a useful material for many electronic and magnetic applications. This research used a simple sol-gel auto-combustion method for the synthesis of Cr substituted Li0.5Fe2.5O4 ferrite. Here, in the B-site, Fe3+ ions were swapped by non-magnetic Cr3+ ions at different concentrations. All the samples of Cr substituted Li0.5Fe2.5O4 were confirmed through X-ray diffraction patterns to have a single-phase spinel-type structure with cubic symmetry, which was thereafter confirmed by its refinement through Rietveld. An increase in the substitution of Cr3+ instead of Fe3+ ions in the spinel ferrite system results in an increased nanocrystalline size. The average crystallite size decreased from 30 nm to 10 nm with an increase in Cr3+ content. Analogous particle size was evaluated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provides an overview of the structural distortion of the lithium ferrite lattice with the substitution of Cr3+ ions. The Semiconducting (NTCR) nature of the Cr substituted Li0.5Fe2.5O4 nanoparticles was confirmed through the temperature-dependent DC resistivity. The evaluated trend of the dielectric properties (ε′, ε″, and tan δ) strengthens the facts observed in the electrical conduction mechanism.

Multifunctional Cr Substitution Modulates Electrochemical Activity of Mn1-xCrxO for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes.

Metal oxides are a promising candidate for lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes due to their high theoretical capacity and long cycle life but also face inherent poor conductivity and volume variation, making them difficult to promote the application. The cation substitution strategy is an important means to facilitate improved rate and cycling performance. However, the effect of cation substitution on electrochemical activity is multivariate and complex, and a comprehensive and systematic analysis is essential for understanding the relationship between components and properties. Herein, the aliovalent heterogeneous Cr-substituted MnO was used as a model to systematically investigate the effects of Cr substitution on the crystal structure, electron distribution, defect construction, and electrochemical reaction processes. Theoretical calculations and experimental results reveal that Cr substitution can effectively modulate the electronic structure, build a built-in electric field, generate cationic defects, and catalyze the electrochemical reaction process, thereby improving the electrode kinetics and electrochemical activity of active materials. When the optimized Mn0.94Cr0.06O was used as the anode for LIBs, a reversible capacity of 1547.3 mAh g-1 was obtained after 450 cycles at a current density of 1 C (1 C = 756 mA g-1 for half-cells), and a reversible capacity of up to 1126.2 mAh g-1 could be maintained even after 700 cycles at a current density of 2 C. The assembled Mn0.94Cr0.06O//LiCoO2 full cell further confirms the scalability of the heterogeneous atom substitution strategy.

Does a Low Amount of Substituents Improve the Thermoelectric Properties of Cr2−xMxS3 (M = Ti, V, Sn)?

The effects of low-level partial cation substitution in Cr2−xMxS3 with M = Ti, V or Sn and x = 0.05 and 0.1 have been investigated regarding the long- and short-range crystal structures and thermoelectric properties. All substituted compounds crystallized in the equilibrium phase of Cr2S3, adopting the space group R{overline{text{3}}}. Electron beam irradiation led to a phase transformation from space group R{overline{text{3}}} to P{overline{text{3}}}1c with a subsequent appearance of diffuse scattering, indicating short-range ordering of cations in the partially occupied cation layers. Substitution of Cr by V led to a reduction in electrical conductivity and subsequently to a lower thermoelectric performance in comparison to the pristine material. In contrast, substitution with Ti yielded an improvement of the performance due to a higher electrical conductivity and a reasonably high Seebeck coefficient. Both Sn-substituted compounds contained only traces of Sn. Surprisingly, a significant improvement of the electrical conductivities could be observed in comparison to the pristine material as well as the other Cr2−xMxS3 materials.

Ultrafast Carbothermal Shock Constructing Ni3Fe1-xCrx Intermetallic Integrated Electrodes for Efficient and Durable Overall Water Splitting.

The development of the electrocatalyst-integrated electrodes with HER/OER bifunctional activity is desirable to reduce the cost and simplify the system of the practical water electrolyzers. Herein, we construct a new type of Ni3Fe1-xCrx (0 ≤ x < 0.3) intermetallic integrated electrodes for overall water splitting via an ultrafast carbothermal shock method. The obtained Ni3Fe0.9Cr0.1/CACC electrode exhibits the optimum performance among all developed electrocatalyst electrodes in this work, and the overpotential is merely 239 mV for OER and 128 mV for HER at 10 mA cm-2. In addition, the Ni3Fe0.9Cr0.1/CACC electrode shows excellent durability during both OER and HER stability tests at a high current density of 100 mA cm-2. An electrolyzer, which was assembled with Ni3Fe0.9Cr0.1/CACC electrodes as both the anode and cathode, operates with a low cell voltage of 1.59 V at 10 mA cm-2. It has been found that the impressive OER activity of Ni3Fe0.9Cr0.1 nanoparticles (NPs) can be ascribed to the stimulative formation of the OER-active Ni3+/Fe3+ species by the substituted Cr, while the enhanced HER activity is caused by the Cr substitution, which decreases the water dissociation energy barrier. This work provides an ultrafast and facile strategy to develop electrocatalyst-integrated electrodes with low cost and impressive HER/OER bifunctional performance for overall water splitting.

Magnetization Precession at Sub-Terahertz Frequencies in Polycrystalline Cu2 Sb-Type (Mn-Cr)AlGe Ultrathin Films.

A ferromagnetic metal nanolayer with a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, small saturation magnetization, and small magnetic damping constant is a crucial requirement for high-speed spintronic devices. Fabrication of these devices on Si/SiO2 amorphous substrates with polycrystalline structure is also strongly desired for the mass production industry. This study involves the investigation of sub-terahertz (THz) magnetization precessional motion in a newly developed material system consisting of Cu2 Sb-type MnAlGe and (Mn-Cr)AlGe films by means of an all-optical pump-probe method. These materials exhibit large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in regions of a few nanometers in size. The pseudo-2D crystal structures are clearly observed in the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images for the film samples grown on thermally oxidized silicon substrates. The TEM images also show a partial substitution of Cr atoms for the Mn sites in MnAlGe. A magnetization precession frequency of 0.164 THz with a relatively small effective magnetic damping constant of 0.012 is obtained for (Mn-Cr)AlGe. Theoretical calculation infers that the modification of the total density of states by Cr substitution decreases the intrinsic magnetic damping constant of (Mn-Cr)AlGe.

A First‐Principles Study of the Structural, Magnetic, Optical Properties and Doping Effect in Chromium Arsenide

Pristine and doped chromium arsenide (CrAs) in six different crystal structures is systematically studied to investigate the structural, magnetic, and optical properties for real applications by first‐principles calculations. First, it is found that the ground‐state structure is an orthorhombic MnP‐type structure with antiferromagnetic spin order. The rocksalt structure is a low‐energy metastable phase and a ferromagnetic metal with high spin polarization at the Fermi level. Second, the NiAs structure and MnP structure have a higher absorption coefficient than other structures in the infrared region and ultraviolet region, respectively. In the visible region, the wurtzite and zincblende structures are more transparent than other structures. At last, the substitution of Cr by Ti and the substitution of As by Te can lead to a phase transition in ground‐state structure and ground‐state magnetic order, respectively. These results can promote the application of the CrAs system into spintronics and optoelectronics.

Transport and magnetic properties in polycrystalline Ba(Mn[formula omitted]Cr[formula omitted])[formula omitted]As[formula omitted] and Ba[formula omitted]K[formula omitted](Mn[formula omitted]Cr[formula omitted])[formula omitted]As[formula omitted

Here we report the structure, electrical and magnetic properties of polycrystalline Ba(Mn1−xCrx)2As2 (x=0.0-0.1) and Ba0.8K0.2(Mn1−xCrx)2As2 (x=0.0-0.4). Upon the substitution of Cr for Mn in BaMn2As2 semiconductor, it is found that the resistivity can be substantially decreased by five orders in magnitude without changing the structural symmetry. The XPS and Hall measurements demonstrate that the valence of doped Cr is +3 instead of expected Cr2＋, which can effectively introduce electron carriers. Meanwhile, a magnetic transition shows up at ∼40 K with small saturated moment of Msat=0.02 μB/Mn(Cr) and a low coercive field of Hc=135 Oe. The transition may originate from the change in spin re-orientation from ideal AFM to canted AFM state. For p-type AFM metal Ba0.8K0.2Mn2As2, doping Cr3＋ equivalently provides electrons to compensate the holes, leading to a metal–semiconductor transition and a similar canted AFM state. Our results demonstrate that majority carriers, resistivity and magnetism in BaMn2As2 can be controlled through relatively low levels of Cr3＋ doping.

Tailoring kinetics of Cr-chemisorption over La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3 cathode material through its porosity variation

The La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF) ceramics with the porosity of 20% (LSCF-20) and 50% (LSCF-50) were fabricated through temperature variation. Kinetics of the Cr-adsorption has been studied at 700 °C over 345 h under air. Different dominant mechanisms of Cr chemisorption over the ceramics with different porosities were identified. The Cr–substitution into the LSCF perovskite grains will dominate in the denser LSCF-20 ceramics, whereas the growth of SrCrO4 crystals over the LSCF perovskite phase will occur preferably in the more porous LSCF-50 ceramics. The Cr penetrates into a more porous LSCF-50 ceramics up to 12–17 μm and the total Cr amount adsorbed after 345 h over the LSCF-50 ceramics is larger by about 10 times than over the denser LSCF-20 ceramics. The revealed remarkable differences could be associated with the increase in the surface area and with a higher volume of macro- and mesoporosity.

Microstructure and properties of melt-spun AlYNiCr multi-component amorphous alloy ribbons through partial substitution of Cr for Ni

In this study, the effect of partial substitution of Cr for Ni on microstructure, thermal and anti-corrosion properties of Al33.3Y33.4Ni33.3−xCrx (x = 1 ∼ 10 at.%) multi-component amorphous alloy ribbons was investigated. The onset crystallization temperature of metallic ribbons are all above 720 K. The average micro-hardness of each specimen is over 510 HV0.1. In spite of partial substitution of Cr for Ni, the self-corrosion potentials are almost unchanged and the maximum of pitting corrosion potential can reach −0.51 VSCE for Al33.3Y33.4Ni27.3Cr6 alloy ribbons. When the Cr content increases from 1 at.% to 10 at.%, it can result in a decrease of corrosion current density from 6.46 × 10−5 A/cm2 of the Al33.3Y33.4Ni32.3Cr1 to 3.63 × 10−5 A/cm2 of the Al33.3Y33.4Ni31.3Cr2 and then increase to 4.67 × 10−4 A/cm2 of the Al33.3Y33.4Ni23.3Cr10 alloy ribbons. The minimum of passive current density can reach 1.05 × 10−4 A/cm2 for Al33.3Y33.4Ni29.3Cr4 alloy ribbons. Therefore, it is assumed that substituting appropriate content of Ni by Cr element into equimolar AlNiY medium entropy amorphous alloys can improve the ability to resist pitting corrosion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.

Interplay between Charge-Density-Wave, Superconductivity, and Ferromagnetism in CuIr2-xCrxTe4 Chalcogenides.

We report the crystal structure, charge-density-wave (CDW), superconductivity (SC), and ferromagnetism (FM) in CuIr2-xCrxTe4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) chalcogenides. Powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) results reveal that the CuIr2-xCrxTe4 series are distinguished between two structural types and three different regions: (i) layered trigonal structure region, (ii) mixed phase regions, and (iii) spinel structure region. Besides, Cr substitution for Ir site results in rich physical properties including the collapse of CDW, the formation of dome-shaped like SC, and the emergence of magnetism. Cr doping slightly elevates the superconducting critical temperature (Tsc) to its highest Tsc = 2.9 K around x = 0.06. As x increases from 0.3 to 0.4, the ferromagnetic Curie temperature (Tc) increases from 175 to 260 K. However, the Tc remains unchanged in the spinel range of 1.9 ≤ x ≤ 2. This finding provides a comprehensive material platform for investigating the interplay between CDW, SC, and FM multipartite quantum states.