Substantiation Of Measures Research Articles

Hygienic substantiation of measures to optimize living conditions and rehabilitation in new types of institutions for patients with mental disorders

Annotation. In contrast to Ukraine, psychosocial rehabilitation in European countries today is gaining considerable popularity for the socialization and reintegration of patients with mental disorders, for their more adaptive self-improvement. The article analyzes the experience in the EU in the latest, modern, psychosocial methods of providing medical care/rehabilitation to patients with mental disorders to improve patient self-management skills, personal reintegration, development of adaptive properties, self-improvement and to reduce health care costs. Hygienic substantiation of measures to optimize living conditions and treatment and rehabilitation process for patients with mental and behavioral disorders. To perform the tasks in the sociological study involved 92 people – relatives of patients with mental disorders using a specially designed questionnaire: “A method of determining the quality of medical care by relatives of a psychiatric patient and the relationship “doctor-relative””. The survey had conducted in January 2020 before the start of quarantine on COVID-19 and the beginning of the second phase of medical reform in the field of psychiatry. The work used content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, bibliosemantic, analytical, and statistical research methods. It has found that the most significant problems faced by patients in providing them with psychiatric care, according to relatives, are the inconsistency of sanitary and hygienic conditions of patients in psychiatric hospitals – 62.6%, low quality of care – 37.3% and inattentive attitude on the part of medical staff – 34.7%. A sociological survey of relatives of patients with mental and behavioral disorders found that patients are referring for treatment only in critical conditions. Treatment of patients with mental and behavioral disorders nowadays, it is necessary to introduce a comprehensive approach, not just psychopharmacological drugs. To do this, each patient must individually develop psychosocial rehabilitation methods: training in music therapy, communication, motivation, sports training, bibliotherapy, art therapy, animal therapy, training to improve social adaptation, activation of independence, as is done in the EU.

Determination of factors affecting investment privalovs land cities

The aim of the article is identification of main factors influencing investment attractiveness of land in the cities of Ukraine. To achieve this goal the following tasks: determining trends and key factors in land use of cities; characteristics of land; the definition of urban areas and limitations in their use. Improved classification of the factors which allows for cartographic provision of land in cities and their investment potential, level of interaction between different stakeholder groups, areas of urban development, which allows to generate methodical toolkit for estimation of the level of investment attractiveness of land in cities. Define the factors and features of their influence on investment processes in the sphere of land use of cities of Ukraine. Prospects of further research is to develop a methodological approach to the evaluation of the level of investment attractiveness of land in cities and substantiation of measures on the increase of efficiency of their use.

MECHANISMS OF FORMATION OF REPRODUCTION LOGISTICS OF THE MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS MARKET IN UKRAINE

Topicality. The task of improving the efficiency of the dairy market, as one of the strategic markets of Ukraine, necessitates solving many problems of its development, in particular, reducing the raw material base, unbalancing relations between entities, reducing the quality of dairy products, increasing imports and more. The main direction of solving the problems is to ensure equal conditions for the participation of small and medium producers in the reproduction process by creating multifunctional dairy cooperatives with a complete cycle of dairy products. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the components of the organizational and economic mechanism of formation of reproduction logistics of the dairy market, focused on ensuring equal conditions for the movement of dairy products between small, medium and large market participants on the basis of priority state support for multifunctional dairy cooperatives with the completed reproduction cycle of product traffic. During the research the following methods were used: dialectical, theoretical generalization and comparison, graphical, structural-logical method. Research results. Ensuring equal conditions for the participation of small and medium-sized producers in the reproduction process of the market is possible only through the in-depth transformation of existing mechanisms and organizational and legal forms of milk production on the basis of their priority state support. The proposed structural model of multifunctional dairy cooperatives compared to the traditional structure of existing cooperatives provides for the presence of its own raw material base for milk production, its own processing facilities, its own distribution channels and sales of finished dairy products through the cooperative retail network. Conclusion. The introduction of the proposed number of levers and tools for the formation of multifunctional dairy cooperatives involves improving the institutional support of this process. This necessitates the priority development of relevant laws and regulations that will help improve the efficiency of small and medium-sized dairy markets. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the theoretical substantiation of the organizational and economic mechanism of formation of reproduction logistics of the dairy market of Ukraine, the development of a differentiated approach to supporting the raw materials of the dairy market depending on the level of dairy farming in the regional dimension. The applied significance of the obtained results is determined by the possibility of their use by different institutions in the process of substantiation of measures and tools of dairy market regulation at the national, regional and local levels.

Управление риском при эксплуатации опасных технических систем на основе неразрушающего контроля

Questions related to accidents prevention based on non-destructive control of critical defects, functioning dangerous technical systems with high wear levels, as well as to substantiation of measures for step-by-step risk mitigation of the specified systems after their stop have been considered. For security upgrade relating to operation of potentially dangerous technical systems under resources restrictions are applied measures for prevention of accidents, mainly, the non-destructive control (NDC) of these systems technical condition without their stop. So, complexes of NDC-methods are applied for fault detection of functioning long distance pipe lines and industrial chimneys. 
 The defects elimination process, and recovery works on the stopped idle systems can be considered as stage-by-stage risk management implementation. With increase of specified measures’ costs the accidents damage risk mitigation is reached. At the same time modified to year expenses representing the sum of presented expenditures related to risk mitigation measures and the presented accidents damage at some cost value for risk mitigation take up minimum value. Further expenses level increase with minimum cost is not compensated by the level of prevented damage. 
 Searching of the specified expenses level for accidents risk mitigation with minimum cost is an optimization problem on minimization of the modified to year risky expenses. In this work has been offered a risk management algorithm scheme at operation of such potentially dangerous technical system as a functioning industrial reinforced concrete flue.

Taxation of natural resource extraction: problematic questions and digitalization of tax administration

The subject of this research is the theory and methodology of taxation of natural resource extraction, including raw hydrocarbon materials and solid minerals, approaches towards allocation of tax burden between economic agents, development trends in taxation system of extraction of different types of minerals. Special attention is given to the questions of improvement of tax administration of extractive sector based on implementation of the new digital information technologies of transmitting data on the output of minerals and reform of the institution of declaration of tax. Research methodology includes: consideration of the principles of taxation system of natural resource extraction; determination of interconnection between the elements of this system and its disturbance; formulation of theoretical conclusions on the basis of studying the practice of taxation and tax administration. The scientific novelty consists in identification of vulnerability of taxation system of natural resource extraction from external factors, including world prices for mineral raw materials; substantiation of measures on neutralization of such dependence; proof of the need for harmonization of the key concepts of Taxation Code of the Russian Federation and legislation on the depth, and formation of the system of direct assessment of reasonableness and effectiveness of point-based and categorical incentives on extraction of natural resources. The article substantiates the vectors of reform of tax declaration system regarding the extraction of natural resources and determination of tax liabilities on the records of government reserve of natural resources. An algorithm is developed for organization of direct oil metering at the wells, using the modern digital technologies.  

Customs policy of Ukraine in the conditions of globalization

The article presents the research results of customs policy of Ukraine under the influence of globalization processes. Based on the conducted scientific research, it was revealed that for Ukrainian realities there is an immanent lack of a systematic approach both to the definition of content and to the formation and implementation process of customs policy, strategy and tactics of the customs service development. The necessity of scientific and theoretical substantiation of measures to improve the customs policy of Ukraine, which is formed and implemented under the influence of global trends of institutional changes and at the same time has significant national specificity, is noted. It was revealed that the customs policy of Ukraine is characterized by a number of shortcomings that lie in the plane of the SFS customs activity. The necessity of measures developing to improve customs policy, taking into account of globalization challenges and enhancing the pace of economies digitalization, is substantiated. Particular emphasis is placed on the need to take into account of national interests, a balance maintaining of the business community and the state interests. The conclusion is substantiated about appropriateness of applying a systematic, integrated and evidence-based approaches to the customs policy implementation and favorable institutional conditions creation both for business representatives and for the state on issues of ensuring uninterrupted and adequate volumes of foreign economic activity, customs revenues to the budget. The insufficient effectiveness of the customs policy is proved and the factors that caused such a decrease are identified. It is concluded that there is a need for a significant review of organizational and institutional support of customs policy. Measures are proposed to improve the customs policy of Ukraine, which will increase its effectiveness in modern realities and adaptability to globalization challenges

ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ДЕРЖАВИ НА ФІНАНСОВО-КРЕДИТНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РОЗВИТКУ РИНКУ ЗЕРНА УКРАЇНИ

Дослідження присвячено обґрунтуванню заходів щодо вдосконалення державної фінансової політики й ухвалення адміністративних рішень, спрямованих на покращення фінансово-кредитного забезпечення розвитку ринку зерна.Здійснення модернізації інфраструктури ринку зерна потребує великих фінансових ресурсів. Їхню мобілізацію в сучасних умовах може реалізувати лише держава, котра здатна залучити всі важелі впливу державного управління. Наукові результати проведеного дослідження дали змогу обґрунтувати адекватні сучасним умовам відповідні заходи щодо вдосконалення фінансової політики й ухвалення адміністративних рішень, спрямованих на покращення фінансово-кредитного забезпечення розвитку ринку зерна і стимулювання соціально-економічного розвитку країни в цілому. Пропозиції рекомендовані до здійснення грошово-кредитної, бюджетної, податкової, інвестиційної, страхової політики та орієнтовані на утворення інститутів розвитку в рамках реалізації програмно-цільового методу і характеризуються раціональним поєднанням заходів державного впливу й ринкового саморегулювання.На сьогодні виникає гостра потреба щодо забезпечення агропромислового комплексу достатнім обсягом дешевих кредитних ресурсів. Важливим чинником цього в контексті здійснення грошово-кредитної політики є взаємодія Національного банку України і Уряду під час узгодження застосування інструментів грошово-кредитної політики і, перш за все, процентних ставок, обсягів та цільового призначення рефінансування, операцій на відкритому ринку. Одним із заходів стимулювання кредитної пропозиції для сільгоспвиробника з боку банківської системи передбачалося утворення державного земельного банку. Важливим чинником розвитку ринку зерна у країні могло би стати утворення також державного банку розвитку України, котрий став би внутрішнім кредитним емітентом і фінансовим агентом держави.З огляду на те, що інвестиції на селі мають і соціальну значимість, у галузь потрібні як державні, так і приватні капіталовкладення. Однією зі складових державної інвестиційної політики є сприяння зростанню обсягів приватних інвестицій. Від потоку приватних інвестицій у виробничу, транспортну, складську, переробну інфраструктуру також залежать перспективи розвитку ринку зерна. Стимулювати приплив приватних інвестицій, може державно-приватне партнерство як одна з найбільш розповсюджених серед економічно розвинутих країн система взаємодії держави та бізнесу.Важливим постає питання підвищення ефективності використання фінансових ресурсів, що виділяються державою на підтримку сільгоспвиробників. Для цього потрібно провести вдосконалення певних складових процесу страхування в сільському господарстві України.

Основні аспекти методології формування та супроводження реалізації середньострокових програм озброєння в умовах особливого періоду

Описаний сучасний стан розроблення документів оборонного планування в Україні. Розглянуті основні аспекти нової методології формування та науково-технічного супровод ження реалізації середньострокових програм розвитку озброєння та військової техніки в мирний час та її відмінності в особливий період.

Epidemiological Regularities o f Plague in India and Substantiation of Measures on Sanitary Protection of Siberia and Far East Territories

Plague epidemiological situation in India in XX and at the beginning of XXI century is evaluated. The epidemic process is shown to have wavy interrupted course and is divided into periods of annual intensive epidemics, reduction of epidemic activity and sudden development of acute outbreaks on the background of sporadic morbidity absence. Brief characterization of a pulmonary plague epidemic in India in 1994 and undertaken international sanitary and protective measures by the example of Russian Federation and USA is presented. Local outbreaks of pulmonary and bubonic plague in 2002-2004 give evidence of periodically complicated epidemic situation in India. Trend and volume of measures on sanitary protection of territories are substantiated by development of commercial, economical, tourist communications between India and Russia including Regions of Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts differing by the degree of plague importation risk.