Definition Of Subject Research Articles

Exploration and Research on "Creative Thinking" in Dance Education at Training Institutions

Dance is an art form that uses the human body's artistic movements as a medium to convey life experiences and express inner emotions. Dance has existed since prehistoric times, even before the development of language, and has continued to the present day. In recent years, with the guidance of national policies and the influence of the new media industry, dance has garnered increasing attention and popularity. As a result, public-oriented dance training institutions have rapidly developed. Xi'an, China, has emerged as an attractive "internet-famous" city in recent years, providing a large capacity and substantial opportunities for the dance training market. A variety of training institutions have flourished, displaying diverse educational approaches. Given this context, we conducted research on three typical institutions through interviews and hands-on experiences to explore their approach to "creative thinking" in dance education. Before conducting formal research, we provided a subjective definition of "creative thinking" from the perspective of our field of study, specifically in the area of "dance education" with which we are personally familiar. This definition entails breaking away from traditional "demonstrative teaching" methods, transforming the "teacher-authority" dynamic, and establishing an "open" learning atmosphere. Under this framework, we conducted our investigation.

Аnтhropologist Overturn and Challenges for Ethno-Sociology (Invitation to Discussion)

The paper analyzes the set of issues related to current problems and eventual prospects of ethno-sociology as a meaningful academic component and feasible disciplinary bgranch in studying ethnic phenomenon. First, contradictory “state of affairs” is diagnosed in this sphere due to the ethnologic (anthropologic) turn. Among real threats for ethnology understood in a wide meaning of the term, including the ethno-sociology, we find the denial in the post-Soviet period of the importance of domestic research experience; the active imposition of Western standards in ethnological research; the dominance and absolutization of anthropologism (anthropocentrism) and constructivism; the absence of ethnosociology in the current Russian educational standard. The passing away of influential founders of ethnosociology, who played an important role in preserving its scientific traditions, as well as the lacking clarity of the subject definition of ethnosociology, are also important. The author’s vision of the essence of the highlighted issues is presented.

Modelling of precipitate hardening in ferroelectric materials

AbstractThis investigation presents a mechanical model to determine energetically favourable particle shapes, motivated by precipitation hardening in ferroelectric materials. We examine Li-doped $$\text {NaNbO}_3$$ NaNbO 3 and propose a system of equations to derive the correct material constants for this material system. To model the elongated precipitate shape we introduce two approaches: An elliptic shape and a shape based on cubic B-spline-curves. We subject both definitions to an optimisation routine that yields equilibrium shapes. We further use the spline approach to derive configurational forces on the interface.

Social Media User’s Engagement’s Function And Measurements On Marketing Communication 4.0

In the era of Industry 4.0, social media user engagement contributed to the effectiveness of marketing communications. Companies that use social media as communication marketing channels are still trying to define the concept of engagement according to the subjective understanding and definition of measurement offered by social media insights. This article provides an update on the concept of social media user engagement in the context of marketing communication in Indonesia. Through a qualitative approach to the study of literature and interviews with some informants who use social media as a marketing communication platform, it was found that the involvement of social media users serves to measure and find patterns of content that are effectively used for marketing communication. In general, social media user engagement can also be grouped into three dimensions: affective, cognitive, and behavioral engagement.

Do morphometric data improve phylogenetic reconstruction? A systematic review and assessment

BackgroundIsolating phylogenetic signal from morphological data is crucial for accurately merging fossils into the tree of life and for calibrating molecular dating. However, subjective character definition is a major limitation which can introduce biases that mislead phylogenetic inferences and divergence time estimation. The use of quantitative data, e.g., geometric morphometric (GMM; shape) data can allow for more objective integration of morphological data into phylogenetic inference. This systematic review describes the current state of the field in using continuous morphometric data (e.g., GMM data) for phylogenetic reconstruction and assesses the efficacy of these data compared to discrete characters using the PRISMA-EcoEvo v1.0. reporting guideline, and offers some pathways for approaching this task with GMM data. A comprehensive search string yielded 11,123 phylogenetic studies published in English up to Oct 2023 in the Web of Science database. Title and abstract screening removed 10,975 articles, and full-text screening was performed for 132 articles. Of these, a total of twelve articles met final inclusion criteria and were used for downstream analyses.ResultsPhylogenetic performance was compared between approaches that employed continuous morphometric and discrete morphological data. Overall, the reconstructed phylogenies did not show increased resolution or accuracy (i.e., benchmarked against molecular phylogenies) as continuous data alone or combined with discrete morphological datasets.ConclusionsAn exhaustive search of the literature for existing empirical continuous data resulted in a total of twelve articles for final inclusion following title/abstract, and full-text screening. Our study was performed under a rigorous framework for systematic reviews, which showed that the lack of available comparisons between discrete and continuous data hinders our understanding of the performance of continuous data. Our study demonstrates the problem surrounding the efficacy of continuous data as remaining relatively intractable despite an exhaustive search, due in part to the difficulty in obtaining relevant comparisons from the literature. Thus, we implore researchers to address this issue with studies that collect discrete and continuous data sets with directly comparable properties (i.e., describing shape, or size).

Legal analysis of the contract on non-disclosure of commercial information

In the conditions of the development of market relations in Ukraine, the protection of commercial information is becoming an increasingly urgent issue. Growing competition, technological progress and the globalization of markets encourage business entities to implement various measures to ensure the privacy of their data. One of the most effective tools for this is a commercial non­disclosure agreement, which is designed to protect sensitive information from unauthorized use and/ or disclosure. In connection with the constant changes in the economic and legal environment, there is a need for research in the field of commercial non­disclosure agreements. The development of new approaches to the conclusion and enforcement of non-disclosure agreements will allow taking into account changes in the economic environment and technological innovations, which in turn will strengthen the legal framework for business protection. The article examines the legal nature of an agreement on non-disclosure of commercial information, in particular in the context of labor relations, where one of the parties is an employee, and also provides a definition of such an agreement. The author notes that an essential condition of this contract is a clear definition of the information subject to protection. The definition of trade secret covers financial, technical, legal, corporate information and other information of commercial value. The author offers a list of information that can be classified as a commercial secret, and emphasizes the importance of adapting this list to the specifics of legal relations. In particular, in contracts concluded between an employer and an employee, it is necessary to provide for information protection conditions, and also an important aspect is the regulation of the term of the contract, which can extend both to the period of the employment relationship and after its termination. The author emphasizes that the regulation of relations regarding the non-disclosure of commercial information can be implemented within the framework of a mixed contract containing elements of various contracts, which opens up new opportunities for the legal protection of commercial secrets in various spheres of activity. The legal analysis of the specified contract provides an opportunity to consider in detail the structure, essential conditions and features that can significantly affect the effectiveness of its application.

The mechanism of using the geographic information system in detecting unsafe spaces in the municipal areas of big cities (Investigation of unsafe places in the city of Dallas, Texas, USA)

For a long time, identifying the environmental and spatial factors of crime and trying to eliminate these factors or reduce their effects has been known as the most important way to increase safety and prevent the occurrence of anomalies. Because social anomalies, no matter how they happen to humans, have a place and place and time characteristics. Which distinguishes these behaviors from each other. Surveys show that some urban spaces have a higher crime rate due to their physical, social, and economic characteristics; a city is a collection of special mutual narratives that originate from the role and context of its internal institutions. Therefore, without providing a subjective definition, we accept the existence of the city based on objective characteristics, that is, the quality of the structure of the society and its economic and administrative role, not just the population quantity. Also, some thinkers have provided a comprehensible definition of urban space "Urban space is an organized, decorated, and orderly structure for human activities". Part of human actions and activities take place in place and space, and according to Anthony Giddens, "space is a physical set for social interactions". And on the contrary, some spaces prevent and prevent crimes from being committed inside them. On the other hand, research has proven that criminals often make rational choices when committing crimes and look for the simplest, least dangerous, and most suitable opportunities and conditions in place and time to commit crimes.

Кримінально-правова характеристика суб’єкта корупційних та пов’язаних з корупцією правопорушень у сфері охорони здоров’я

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legislative regulation of subjects of corruption and corruption-related criminal offenses, finding out their specifics and types in the field of health care. A comparative description of the definition of subjects of corruption offenses in accordance with the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention of Corruption" has been made, a number of shortcomings have been identified and certain considerations have been expressed regarding the directions for improving the legislation. It is stated that the peculiarity of the subject of a corruption offense is the presence of special features that indicate, first of all, a certain legal status of a person, due to the sphere of activity (public or private), position, functions performed, powers, etc. The Criminal Code of Ukraine provides for a wide range of types of special subject of corruption criminal offenses, among which the key is an official. It was found that the anti-corruption legislation applies to all categories of health workers. At the same time, the Criminal Code of Ukraine provides for differentiation of responsibility for accepting a proposal, promising or receiving undue benefit by a special entity, given the presence or absence of the status of an official and a type of legal entity (public or private law) or the provision of public services. The most controversial for the doctrine of criminal law and law enforcement practice is the problem of a criminal legal assessment of a health worker receiving undue benefits in connection with legally significant actions. In particular, such acts can be qualified both under Art. 368 or 368-3 and under Art. 354 or 368-4 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which indicates primarily the shortcomings of criminal legislation and the lack of unified theoretical developments in this area.

Hybridized and Hyphenated Ethnic American Identity in Rocky IV: The Ordinary Whiteness of the American Action Hero in Reagan-Era Cinema

The emergence of the “European American” in the later years of the twentieth century signified a departure from definitions of American citizenship and subjectivity limited to the racial semantics of homogenous whiteness. This shift in the discourse around ethnic whiteness is inflected in film after the 1960s, and Rocky IV (1985) is an example of ethnic representation in American cinema that sought to redefine the American man as an ethnic white patriarch. The film is specifically a part of the neoconservative wave of anti-communist films in the 1980s that attend to American individualism and the production of heroic and hegemonic white masculinity while reinscribing this hero with ethnicity.

Racial Affirmative Action and the Consensus on Phenotypic Hetero-Identification: Notes on the State Universities of the Brazilian Midwest

Racial affirmative action policies in Brazil have recently reached consensus in their technical procedures for defining black subjects of law, through phenotypic heteroidentification panels. Such panels aim to minimize reports of fraud, legitimize the subjects of affirmative policy law and provide legal security to institutions. This article revisits the construction of this consensus. Before 2012, the landmark Law 12,711, which standardizes affirmative actions in Federal Higher Education Institutions, there was a diversity of understandings and selection procedures. Currently, there is a unified model for these federal institutions and homogeneity regarding the phenotypic heteroidentification procedure. As federal legislation is not imposed on state universities, we highlight similarities and differences between the hegemonic model of phenotypic heteroidentification of federal and state universities in the Midwest. Methodologically, we conducted documentary and bibliographical research on the selection processes of State Universities in the Central-West region, with an emphasis on the different models of phenotypic heteroidentification implemented throughout the 21st century. The results indicate, in many ways, an essentialization of black identity and a depoliticization of the public debate on racial issues in Brazil. We therefore assess that this resulted in a decrease of criticism of the formation of Brazilian national identity and the establishment of objective parameters for the definition of black subjects of law.

Putting the "experience" back in experience sampling: A phenomenological approach.

This article discusses the concept of "experience" in experience sampling. A central challenge of clinical science is understanding psychopathological constructs and their manifestations. In conventional definitions and measures of psychopathology, subjective experience of mental disorder is often lost. The authors argue for an integration of phenomenology-or prioritization of subjectivity-in psychopathological construct definition and measurement, particularly through experience sampling methods (ESMs). ESMs capture idiographic, contextual, and longitudinal elements of lived experience that can expand our current conceptualizations and classifications of psychopathology. The authors propose three novel applications and extensions: (a) leveraging ESM for subjective construct definition (i.e., phenomena detection), (b) mixed-methods approaches, like cognitive interviewing, to improve the validity of ESM measures and (c) incorporation of novel ESM approaches (e.g., audiovisual data capturing) to expand understanding of subjective, daily experience of psychopathology. Merging phenomenological tradition with ESM serves to expand our understanding of psychopathology and bring "experience" back into experience sampling. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Moderating Effects of Visual Order in Graphical Symbol Complexity: The Practical Implications for Design

In the field of visual graphic design, complexity plays a crucial role in visual information processing, and it is assumed to be an absolute quantity based on the number of the presenting features and components. However, it remains unclear whether the visual order of the constituent elements in graphical symbol complexity affects cognitive processing, especially memory processing. Our research innovatively generated four groups of novel, meaningless graphical symbols (complex and ordered, complex and disordered, simple and ordered, and simple and disordered) and experimentally manipulated the level of complexity and order in these stimuli. Before the formal experiment, a five-point scale was used to further rule out differences between objective and subjective definitions of these graphical symbols on ratings of complexity, order, concreteness, and familiarity. Then, we used a cue-recall task to compare subjects’ memory performance of those four graphical symbol groups. The analytical results showed a significant interaction between visual order and graphical symbol complexity, with the complexity effect appearing only when the stimuli were in disordered condition and disappearing once the stimuli were ordered. In addition, this study conducted a practical application validation to confirm that increasing the level of visual order is an effective way to improve user experience while maintaining the same level of complexity. The findings can serve as a reference for graphical symbol design, graphic design, and visual communication design.

Definitions of pulmonary exacerbation in people with cystic fibrosis: a scoping review

BackgroundPulmonary exacerbations (PExs) are clinically important in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Multiple definitions have been used for PEx, and this scoping review aimed to identify the different definitions reported...

Regional Truck Travel Characteristics Analysis and Freight Volume Estimation: Support for the Sustainable Development of Freight

In the field of freight transport, the goal of sustainable development requires us to improve the efficiency of freight transport while reducing its negative impact on the environment, such as reducing carbon emissions and noise pollution. There is no doubt that changes in freight characteristics and volumes are compatible with the objectives of sustainable development. Thus, mining the travel distribution and freight volume of trucks has an important supporting role in the freight transport industry. In terms of truck travel, most of the traditional approaches are based on the subjective definition of parameters from the trajectory data to obtain trips for certain vehicle types. As for freight volume, it is mostly estimated through manual surveys, which are heavy and inaccurate. In this study, a data-driven approach is adopted to obtain trips from the trajectory data of heavy trucks. Combined with the traffic percentage of different vehicle types collected by highway traffic survey stations, the trips of heavy trucks are extended to all trucks. The inter-city and intra-city freight volumes are estimated based on the average truck loads collected at the motorway entrance. The results show a higher proportion of intra-city trips by trucks in port cities and a higher proportion of inter-city trips by trucks in inland cities. Truck loading and unloading times are focused in the early morning or at night, and freight demand in Shandong Province is more concentrated in the south. These results would provide strong support for optimizing freight structures, improving transportation efficiency, and reducing transportation costs.

Digitalisation of Administrative Discretion Legal Risks and Responses

In the context of the construction of a digital rule of law government, the digitisation of administrative penalties has been widely used in law enforcement practice, enhancing the efficiency and objectivity of administrative penalties. However, there are certain legal risks associated with digitised discretion: the algorithmic black box contradicts the principle of administrative openness, the procedural rights of the administrative relative are ignored, justice in individual cases is sometimes difficult to be achieved as well as the definition of the responsible subject is vague. For this reason, the risk-building programme should be improved through the construction of a transparency mechanism and a dynamic adjustment mechanism, the improvement of administrative procedures, and the clarification of the subject of responsibilityr.

Technology of formation of professional subjectivity of the future teacher

The article considers the issues of forming the professional subjectivity of future teachers. The article presents an analysis of the literature on the studied issues related to the subjectivity of the student (works by A.V. Beloshitsky, E.N. Volkova, A.V. Gvozdeva, M.V. Isakov, A.D. Kariev, L.G. Maidokina, etc.). Taking into account the specifics of the conditions of vocational pedagogical education, the author’s definition of the professional subjectivity of the future teacher was proposed, which is considered as a complex integrative personality quality that allows the future teacher to make an independent professional choice, plan, organize and evaluate his activities and the activities of students. The article examines the technological aspects of the formation of professional subjectivity of students-teachers. The theoretical and empirical substantiation of the technology of formation of professional subjectivity of future teachers in the process of mastering the content of pedagogical disciplines was presented. The issues of development of pedagogical technologies reflected in the works of V.P. Bespalko, M.V. Klarin, G.K. Selevko, V.A. Slastenin and others were considered. The article describes the components of the developed technology: the conceptual part (philosophical ideas of the subject and the subjectivity of personality, concepts of formation of professional subjectivity of a future specialist, etc.), the substantive part (goals of technology implementation and the content of education), the procedural part (a set of stages, organizational forms and teaching methods used educational technologies). The article also describes the implementation of the stages of technology for the formation of professional subjectivity of future teachers in the process of mastering the content of pedagogical disciplines by students (preparatory, activity, reflexive). The results of the implementation of technology for the formation of professional subjectivity of future teachers in experimental work are presented.

РОЗВИТОК ТЕОРІЇ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОГО РИНКУ

The paper examines the essence of the investment market and defines its main tasks. The main conditions for the active development of the investment market have been identified and described. The main approaches to the definition of objects, subjects and intermediaries of the investment market are analyzed. The directions and methods of state regulation of the investment market are revealed. The peculiarities of the division of the investment market into the market of real investment and the market of financial investment have been established. The essence of the real investment market is revealed through the market of capital investments, the market of real estate and the market of goods and innovations. At the same time, the financial investment market includes the stock, money and credit markets. The main principles of the functioning of the investment market in Ukraine have been identified, among which the most important are the principles of equality, regulation, investor protection, control, efficiency, transparency and competitiveness. It is proven that the state regulation of the investment market is carried out by two methods: economic, which covers economic aspects that directly affect market decisions, and administrative, which covers administrative aspects of influence on the investment market. The division of investment market subjects depending on the type of assets sold on the investment market is substantiated. Such characteristic signs of the development of the investment market as increasing competition for investment assets, opportunities to support certain sectors of the economy, the use of financial opportunities of accelerated economic development, the collapse of the theory of free economic zones and priority development territories in Ukraine, the dominance of the interests of large economic entities, the gradual increase in the number of small, independent participants in the investment market, the growth of financial literacy of the population and their willingness to invest both directly as private investors and indirectly by acquiring the status of a client of insured companies.

Revealing Properties of Citizenship through Landscape: Enacting “Block 16” through Dispossession and Displacement

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between property and citizenship by engaging in a genealogy of one property in Portland, Oregon, “Block 16”, which details how this property was first enacted and then maintained into the 21st century. The paper foregrounds how normative definitions of liberal subjectivity were applied to Indigenous peoples originally living on this land, as well as valuations of citizenship for marginalised renters and the residents of a homeless encampment “illegally” occupying this property, to justify the dispossession and displacement of the groups using this same plot of land over time. I argue that the spatial enactment and maintenance of private property is contingent upon producing political subjects demarcated as “improper”, deviants from the normative or ideal liberal subject and citizen. To highlight how property shapes propriety, the paper engages in landscape analysis to reveal how the social relations producing land as property rely upon representations of impropriety and moral deficit to maintain the ownership model of private property against the historical use values of the land.

Sexual harassment, sexual violence and subsequent depression and anxiety symptoms among Swedish university students: a cohort study

PurposeTo determine the gender-specific impact of recent exposure to different forms of sexual harassment and sexual violence (SHV) on depression and anxiety symptoms three, six, and nine months later.MethodsWe recruited 2229 women and 1274 men studying at Swedish universities and followed them with web-surveys every three months over one year. We estimated mean differences (MDs) of depression and anxiety symptoms between exposed and unexposed at each follow-up, adjusting for prior SHV, prior depression and anxiety symptoms and potential confounders.ResultsFor women, sexual harassment (wide subjective definition) was associated with higher symptom levels of depression (MD 1.0 [95% CI: 0.3; 1.7]) and anxiety (MD 0.8 [95% CI: 0.3; 1.4]) three months later. Unwanted sexual attention was associated with higher symptom levels of anxiety three (MD 0.5 [95% CI: 0.1; 0.8]) and six months later (MD 0.4 [95% CI: 0.0; 0.7]). Exposure to sex against ones will was associated with higher depression symptoms three (MD 1.7 [95% CI: 0.1;3.4]), and six months later (MD 3.1 [95% CI: 1.0; 5.2]). Trends indicated that associations with subsequent mental health differed between forms of SHV among women, and that most associations were more pronounced in temporal proximity to the exposures. For men, we refrain from interpreting the results since they showed high variability and were not robust to sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation to account for missing outcome data.ConclusionsAmong women, several forms of SHV were associated with higher subsequent depression and anxiety symptoms.

CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECTS OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND THE PLACE OF A LAWYER IN IT

The relevance of the studied topic is that subjects of administrative law are one of the most important elements of the legal system, since we are talking about such participants in admin­istrative-legal relations who solve tasks and perform the functions of executive power, who co­ordinate administrative and control-supervisory powers in branches of state administration and local self-government, consider cases of administrative offenses committed by individuals and legal entities in various spheres of public life, etc. It is important to clearly classify the place of each element of the system of administrative legal relations, in order to understand the direct powers and duties assigned to it. Without a deep understanding of the assigned role by each participant in administrative and legal relations, the very functioning of such a system is at risk. The main problems that need to be considered and solved at the new stage of the develop­ment of modern science and practice include the definition of subjects of administrative law, the analysis of their essence and features, as well as the outline of the main criteria for clas­sification. A necessary condition for the successful reform of administrative law as a fundamental branch of Ukrainian state law is the updating of the provisions of the theoretical and method­ological base of administrative and legal science. The article examines the systems of classification of subjects of administrative law exist­ing in modern legal science. The essence and content of the concept of “subject of administra­tive law”, as well as generally accepted definitions of this term, were studied. An attempt was made to establish the place of a lawyer in the system of subjects of admin­istrative law of Ukraine. A comprehensive approach to distinguishing and classifying a lawyer as a subject of administrative law is applied, taking into account the peculiarities of legal status, organizational and legal form of activity and the scope of public powers. However, the analysis of special literature shows that only a few researchers tried to con­sider the lawyer as a subject of administrative law or to determine his place in the accepted classifications.