Subject Motion Research Articles

Fast qualitY conTrol meThod foR derIved diffUsion Metrics (YTTRIUM) in big data analysis: U.K. Biobank 18,608 example

Deriving reliable information about the structural and functional architecture of the brain in vivo is critical for the clinical and basic neurosciences. In the new era of large population‐based datasets, when multiple brain imaging modalities and contrasts are combined in order to reveal latent brain structural patterns and associations with genetic, demographic and clinical information, automated and stringent quality control (QC) procedures are important. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is a fertile imaging technique for probing and visualising brain tissue microstructure in vivo, and has been included in most standard imaging protocols in large‐scale studies. Due to its sensitivity to subject motion and technical artefacts, automated QC procedures prior to scalar diffusion metrics estimation are required in order to minimise the influence of noise and artefacts. However, the QC procedures performed on raw diffusion data cannot guarantee an absence of distorted maps among the derived diffusion metrics. Thus, robust and efficient QC methods for diffusion scalar metrics are needed. Here, we introduce Fast qualitY conTrol meThod foR derIved diffUsion Metrics (YTTRIUM), a computationally efficient QC method utilising structural similarity to evaluate diffusion map quality and mean diffusion metrics. As an example, we applied YTTRIUM in the context of tract‐based spatial statistics to assess associations between age and kurtosis imaging and white matter tract integrity maps in U.K. Biobank data (n = 18,608). To assess the influence of outliers on results obtained using machine learning (ML) approaches, we tested the effects of applying YTTRIUM on brain age prediction. We demonstrated that the proposed QC pipeline represents an efficient approach for identifying poor quality datasets and artefacts and increases the accuracy of ML based brain age prediction.

Individual motion perception parameters and motion sickness frequency sensitivity in fore-aft motion

Previous literature suggests a relationship between individual characteristics of motion perception and the peak frequency of motion sickness sensitivity. Here, we used well-established paradigms to relate motion perception and motion sickness on an individual level. We recruited 23 participants to complete a two-part experiment. In the first part, we determined individual velocity storage time constants from perceived rotation in response to Earth Vertical Axis Rotation (EVAR) and subjective vertical time constants from perceived tilt in response to centrifugation. The cross-over frequency for resolution of the gravito-inertial ambiguity was derived from our data using the Multi Sensory Observer Model (MSOM). In the second part of the experiment, we determined individual motion sickness frequency responses. Participants were exposed to 30-minute sinusoidal fore-aft motions at frequencies of 0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 Hz, with a peak amplitude of 2 m/s2 in five separate sessions, approximately 1 week apart. Sickness responses were recorded using both the MIsery SCale (MISC) with 30 s intervals, and the Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire (MSAQ) at the end of the motion exposure. The average velocity storage and subjective vertical time constants were 17.2 s (STD = 6.8 s) and 9.2 s (STD = 7.17 s). The average cross-over frequency was 0.21 Hz (STD = 0.10 Hz). At the group level, there was no significant effect of frequency on motion sickness. However, considerable individual variability was observed in frequency sensitivities, with some participants being particularly sensitive to the lowest frequencies, whereas others were most sensitive to intermediate or higher frequencies. The frequency of peak sensitivity did not correlate with the velocity storage time constant (r = 0.32, p = 0.26) or the subjective vertical time constant (r = − 0.37, p = 0.29). Our prediction of a significant correlation between cross-over frequency and frequency sensitivity was not confirmed (r = 0.26, p = 0.44). However, we did observe a strong positive correlation between the subjective vertical time constant and general motion sickness sensitivity (r = 0.74, p = 0.0006). We conclude that frequency sensitivity is best considered a property unique to the individual. This has important consequences for existing models of motion sickness, which were fitted to group averaged sensitivities. The correlation between the subjective vertical time constant and motion sickness sensitivity supports the importance of verticality perception during exposure to translational sickness stimuli.

Assessment of Cervical Spine Mobility in a Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis Associated with Neck Pain

Background : Rheumatoid arthritis is an immunological mediated ,chronic inflammatory multisystemdisease which involves inflammation of peripheral joints along with involvement of haematological ,neurological and cardiovascular abnormality. Studies have shown that the involvement of cervical spineis common commonly affecting C1 and C21 due absence of intervertebral disc and synovial inflammationresulting in alteration in range of motion. Keeping in mind the inflammation and degeneration causesalteration in mobility . So that present study is conducted with the aim to find out proportion of alterationin mobility at the cervical spine range of motion in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis associated with neckpain.Methodology: An observational study was conducted in 33 patients at karad with study duration of 6 months.The inclusion criteria was the patient with rheumatoid arthritis any age and gender willing to participate.The outcome measures were goniometer and inch tape method of assessing the range of motion .Result: The results observational study suggest there is significant decrease in all movement of cervicaljoint with rotational components were hampered most around 26.36% loss of mobility for left rotation and26.12 % loss of mobility for right rotation followed by right lateral flexion , flexion, extension , right rotationand left rotation .Conclusion: the study concluded that rotational movements was more affected in a patients with rheumatoidarthritis associated with neck pain which is attributed to marked involvement of the C1 and C2 vertebraefollowed by other movements at the neck.

EM Model-Based Device-Free Localization of Multiple Bodies.

In this paper, we discuss the problem of device-free localization and tracking, considering multiple bodies moving inside an area monitored by a wireless network. The presence and motion of non-instrumented subjects leave a specific footprint on the received Radio-Frequency (RF) signals by affecting the Received Signal Strength (RSS) in a way that strongly depends on people location. The paper targets specifically the modelling of the effects on the electromagnetic (EM) field, and the related inference methods. A multiple-body diffraction model is exploited to predict the impact of these bodies on the RSS field, i.e., the multi-body-induced shadowing, in the form of an extra attenuation w.r.t. the reference scenario where no targets are inside the monitored area. Unlike almost all methods available in the literature, that assume multi-body-induced shadowing to sum linearly with the number of people co-present in the monitored area, the proposed model describes also the EM effects caused by their mutual interactions. As a relevant case study, the proposed EM model is exploited to predict and evaluate the effects due to two co-located bodies inside the monitored area. The proposed real-time localization and tracking method, exploiting both average and deviation of the RSS perturbations due to the two subjects, is compared against others techniques available in the literature. Finally, some results, based on experimental RF data collected in a representative indoor environment, are presented and discussed.

The effect of poor posture on the cervical range of motion in young subjects

Purpose e/' the study: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of poor posture on cervical range of motion (ROM) in young subjects. Methods: 120 subjects were divided into four groups of both sex (males and females) ranged in age from 18 to 30 years were assigned into four groups (A, B, C and D) of equal ntllnber•, 30 subjects for each group. Group (A) included 30 patients who had fonvard head posture (FHP) (with craniovertebral angle (CVA) less than 49 degrees), group (B) included 30 patients who had thoracic kyphosis (with flexicurve angle more than 45 degrees) and group (C) included 30 patients who had FHP (with CVA less than 49 degrees) and thoracic kyphosis (with flexicurve angle more than 45 degrees) and group (D) included 30 normal subjects. Results: The obtained results of the present study indicated that a significant difference in ROM of flexion, extension, RT side bending, LT side bending, RT rotation and LT rotation when compared between groups (A and D), (B and D) and (C and D). Key Words: Forward head posture, Thoracic kyphosis, Cervical range of motion

Extended analytical formulae for the perturbed Keplerian motion under low-thrust acceleration and orbital perturbations

This paper presents a collection of analytical formulae that can be used in the long-term propagation of the motion of a spacecraft subject to low-thrust acceleration and orbital perturbations. The paper considers accelerations due to: a low-thrust profile following an inverse square law, gravity perturbations due to the central body gravity field and the third-body gravitational perturbation. The analytical formulae are expressed in terms of non-singular equinoctial elements. The formulae for the third-body gravitational perturbation have been obtained starting from equations for the third-body potential already available in the literature. However, the final analytical formulae for the variation of the equinoctial orbital elements are a novel derivation. The results are validated, for different orbital regimes, using high-precision numerical orbit propagators.

Peristaltic motion of Maxwell fluid subject to convective heat and mass conditions

This article concentrates on peristalsis of Maxwell fluid in a symmetric channel with heat and mass convective conditions. Analysis is given in presence of viscous dissipation. The relevant problems statements are constructed and solved for the series solutions of stream function, temperature and concentration. Regular perturbation technique is adopted for small wave number. Heat transfer coefficient is also derived. Results of temperature, concentration and heat transfer coefficient are graphically analyzed. Trapping phenomenon is studied. It is observed that heat and mass transfer Biot numbers have opposite effects on fluid temperature and concentration. Concentration distribution decays with the increase in Schmidt number and Soret number. Heat transfer coefficient has oscillatory behavior and magnitude of heat transfer coefficient increases when heat transfer Biot number enhances. In addition, similar trapping pattern is observed for relaxation parameter and wave number.

Conditions for CNT \u2013 Coated Textile Sensors Applied to Wearable Platforms to Monitor Limb Joint Motion

Despite recent research on joint motion measurement to monitor human body movement, current measurement techniques and tools have significant limitations, including requiring large space for measurement and causing discomfort in test subjects wearing motion sensors. Our study aims, first, to develop carbon nanotube (CNT)-based textile joint motion sensors. Second, ours study aims to identify the most suitable CNT-based sensor structure and attachment method for use on a wearable platform during general exercise speeds. Lastly, we used these sensors on the human body, using sleeves and legs to find the most stable location, and we used the CNT-based sensor condition to monitor joint motions. We utilized our CNT-based sensor, which has proper elasticity as well as conductivity, and applied it to the elbow and knee joints. Based on the strain gauge principle, we monitored the variance of electric resistance that occurred when the CNT-based sensor was stretched due to limb motion. Our study tested 48 types of sensors. These sensors were applied to the CNT using different base knit textiles as well as different attachment methods, layers, sensor lengths, and sensor widths. The four most successful sensor types, which showed superior efficacy over the others in joint motion measurement, were selected for further study. These four sensors were then used to measure the elbow and knee joint motions of human subjects by placing them on different locations on sleeves and legs. The CNT knit textile sensors best suited to measuring joint motions are those with a double-layered CNT knit and 5 cm long × 0.5 cm or 1 cm wide sensors attached to a polyester¬-based knit using a welding method. The best position for the sensor to more stably monitor joint motions was the “below hinge position” from the elbow or knee hinge joint. Our study suggests an alternative strategy for joint-motion measurement that could contribute to the development of more comfortable and human-friendly methods of human limb motion measurement.

MR method for measuring microscopic histologic soft tissue textures.

Provide a direct, non-invasive diagnostic measure of microscopic tissue texture in the size scale between tens of microns and the much larger scale measurable by clinical imaging. This paper presents a method and data demonstrating the ability to measure these microscopic pathologic tissue textures (histology) in the presence of subject motion in an MR scanner. This size range is vital to diagnosing a wide range of diseases. MR micro-Texture (MRµT) resolves these textures by a combination of measuring a targeted set of k-values to characterize texture-as in diffraction analysis of materials, performing a selective internal excitation to isolate a volume of interest (VOI), applying a high k-value phase encode to the excited spins in the VOI, and acquiring each individual k-value data point in a single excitation-providing motion immunity and extended acquisition time for maximizing signal-to-noise ratio. Additional k-value measurements from the same tissue can be made to characterize the tissue texture in the VOI-there is no need for these additional measurements to be spatially coherent as there is no image to be reconstructed. This method was applied to phantoms and tissue specimens including human prostate tissue. Data demonstrating resolution <50 µm, motion immunity, and clearly differentiating between normal and cancerous tissue textures are presented. The data reveal textural differences not resolvable by standard MR imaging. As MRµT is a pulse sequence, it is directly translatable to MRI scanners currently in clinical practice to meet the need for further improvement in cancer imaging.

Modeling of a Marine Hydrokinetic Cycloturbine Vehicle

A marine hydrokinetic (MHK) cycloturbine is a renewable electric power generation system used in rivers or tidal environments to address the need for electricity in remote regions. MHK cycloturbines have hydrofoils oriented perpendicular to the flow in a paddlewheel configuration, and use lift generated from these foils to produce power. Due to the high cost associated with its operation and maintenance, an MHK system with four stacked counter-rotating turbines that can self-deploy and with propulsion and control mechanisms similar to a cycloturbine aircraft has been designed. A detailed turbine simulation model is necessary to understand the vehicle dynamics and assist in the design of the vehicle controllers. The simulation model solves the six degree-of-freedom rigid body equations of motion for the maneuvering MHK system subject to the hydrodynamic lift and drag forces, hydrostatic forces, and the propulsive forces from the turbines. The turbine propulsive force model is matched to computational fluid dynamics analysis and experimental data. Experimental work includes investigation at 1/5.56 scale of a single turbine rapid prototype device and a subscale demonstrator in a reverberant tank.

Learning a Generative Motion Model From Image Sequences Based on a Latent Motion Matrix.

We propose to learn a probabilistic motion model from a sequence of images for spatio-temporal registration. Our model encodes motion in a low-dimensional probabilistic space - the motion matrix - which enables various motion analysis tasks such as simulation and interpolation of realistic motion patterns allowing for faster data acquisition and data augmentation. More precisely, the motion matrix allows to transport the recovered motion from one subject to another simulating for example a pathological motion in a healthy subject without the need for inter-subject registration. The method is based on a conditional latent variable model that is trained using amortized variational inference. This unsupervised generative model follows a novel multivariate Gaussian process prior and is applied within a temporal convolutional network which leads to a diffeomorphic motion model. Temporal consistency and generalizability is further improved by applying a temporal dropout training scheme. Applied to cardiac cine-MRI sequences, we show improved registration accuracy and spatio-temporally smoother deformations compared to three state-of-the-art registration algorithms. Besides, we demonstrate the model's applicability for motion analysis, simulation and super-resolution by an improved motion reconstruction from sequences with missing frames compared to linear and cubic interpolation.

Scan path during change-detection visual search

When observing a particular image or object, one's perception depends upon prior expectations, memory, and cognitive abilities. It is hypothesized that cognitive processing in the form of top-down or bottom-up processing could be determined via analysis of the eye fixation scan path. To assess the variations in scan paths, 7 subjects underwent 5 change-detection trials. During each trial, they were presented with a specific set of images via a MATLAB program, in which the original image alternated with a modified image consisting of a single change. An open-source program called GazeRecorder was used to track the subject's eye movements and to record the eye fixations. The scan path was then analyzed through the use of a 4 by 4 grid pattern superimposed on the image to determine the subject's eye fixation distribution pattern in terms of Boxes Viewed and Concentration within a single area. It was determined that higher Concentration was positively correlated with faster Detection Speed (R = 0.84), while higher number of Boxes Viewed was negatively correlated with Detection Speed (R = −0.71). Among the subjects, the more optimal scan paths were found in those with a balance between Concentration and Boxes Viewed, as subjects with a more balanced approach had the greatest Accuracy (p = 0.02). This indicates an optimal scan path involves both top-down and bottom-up processing to more efficiently identify a change. Moreover, the methodology developed in this study could be used in the home or clinic for quantitative assessment of improvement following therapy in patients with neurological deficits.

Aging effect on head motion: A Machine Learning study on resting state fMRI data

BackgroundResting-state-fMRI is a technique used to explore the functional brain architecture in term of brain networks and their interactions. However, the robustness of Resting-state-fMRI analysis is negatively affected by physiological noise caused by subject head motion. The aim of our study was to provide new knowledge about the effect of normal aging on the head motion signals. New MethodFor the first time, we proposed a method for evaluating the most sensitive head motion parameters linked to subjects’aging. We enrolled 14-young(9females; mean-age = 28 ± 4.07) and 14-elderly(9females; mean-age = 66 ± 5.19) subjects. Along three axes(X,Y,Z), we extracted six motions parameters which reflected the head’s movements to characterize translations(x,y,z) and rotations(angles phi,theta,psi). We performed:1)univariate analysis for comparing the groups and correlation to investigate the relationship between age and movement parameters; 2)Support-Vector-Machine, using bootstrap and calculating the feature importance. ResultsStatistical analyses showed significant association between the aging and some motion’s parameters(rotation psi; translations y and z). These results were also confirmed by multivariate analysis with Support-Vector-Machine that presented an AUC of 90 %. Comparison to existing methodsThe proposed method shows that normal aging produces significant increase in head motion parameters, highlighting the critical effect of motion on resting data analyses in particular considering psi, y and z movements. To our knowledge and at the present, this represents the first study investigating the accurate characterization of motion parameters in aging. ConclusionsOur results have a high impact to improve healthy control recruitment and appropriately decreasing the risk of signal distortion, according to the age of enrolled subjects.

Acute acetate administration increases endogenous opioid levels in the human brain: A [11C]carfentanil molecular imaging study.

Introduction:A recent study has shown that acetate administration leads to a fourfold increase in the transcription of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in the hypothalamus. POMC is cleaved to peptides, including β-endorphin, an endogenous opioid (EO) agonist that binds preferentially to the µ-opioid receptor (MOR). We hypothesised that an acetate challenge would increase the levels of EO in the human brain. We have previously demonstrated that increased EO release in the human brain can be detected using positron emission tomography (PET) with the selective MOR radioligand [11C]carfentanil. We used this approach to evaluate the effects of an acute acetate challenge on EO levels in the brain of healthy human volunteers.Methods:Seven volunteers each completed a baseline [11C]carfentanil PET scan followed by an administration of sodium acetate before a second [11C]carfentanil PET scan. Dynamic PET data were acquired over 90 minutes, and corrected for attenuation, scatter and subject motion. Regional [11C] carfentanil BPND values were then calculated using the simplified reference tissue model (with the occipital grey matter as the reference region). Change in regional EO concentration was evaluated as the change in [11C]carfentanil BPND following acetate administration.Results:Following sodium acetate administration, 2.5–6.5% reductions in [11C]carfentanil regional BPND were seen, with statistical significance reached in the cerebellum, temporal lobe, orbitofrontal cortex, striatum and thalamus.Conclusions:We have demonstrated that an acute acetate challenge has the potential to increase EO release in the human brain, providing a plausible mechanism of the central effects of acetate on appetite in humans.

On the chaotic behavior of graphene-reinforced annular systems under harmonic excitation

In this study, a mathematical derivation is made to develop a nonlinear dynamic model for the nonlinear frequency and chaotic responses of the graphene nanoplatelets (GPLs)-reinforced composite (GPLRC) annular plate subject to an external harmonic load. Using Hamilton’s principle and the von Karman nonlinear theory, the nonlinear governing equation is derived. For developing an accurate solution approach, generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) and perturbation approach (PA) are finally employed. Various geometrically parameters are taken into account to investigate the chaotic motion of the annular plate subject to a harmonic excitation. The fundamental and golden results of this paper could be that the chaotic motion and nonlinear frequency of the annular plate are hardly dependent on the value of the length to thickness ratio (lGPL/wGPL) of the GPLs. Moreover, utilizing GPLs in the shapes close to square (lGPL/wGPL = 1) presents higher frequency of the annular plate. Also, increase in lGPL/tGPL indicates that using GPLs with lower thickness relative to its length provides better frequency response

Contact-Free Pulse Signal Extraction from Human Face Videos: A Review and New Optimized Filtering Approach.

In this chapter, we review methods for video-based heart monitoring, from classical signal processing approaches to modern deep learning methods. In addition, we propose a new method for learning an optimal filter that can overcome many of the problems that can affect classical approaches, such as light reflection and subject's movements, at a fraction of the training cost of deep learning approaches. Following the usual procedures for region of interest extraction and tracking, robust skin color estimation and signal pre-processing, we introduce a least-squares error optimal filter, learnt using an established training dataset to estimate the photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal more accurately from the measured color changes over time. This method not only improves the accuracy of heart rate measurement but also resulted in the extraction of a cleaner pulse signal, which could be integrated into many other useful applications such as human biometric recognition or recognition of emotional state. The method was tested on the DEAP dataset and showed improved performance over the best previous classical method on that dataset. The results obtained show that our proposed contact-free heart rate measurement method has significantly improved on existing methods.

Gradient-Guided Isotropic MRI Reconstruction from Anisotropic Acquisitions.

The trade-off between image resolution, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and scan time in any magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol is inevitable and unavoidable. Super-resolution reconstruction (SRR) has been shown effective in mitigating these factors, and thus, has become an important approach in addressing the current limitations of MRI. In this work, we developed a novel, image-based MRI SRR approach based on anisotropic acquisition schemes, which utilizes a new gradient guidance regularization method that guides the high-resolution (HR) reconstruction via a spatial gradient estimate. Further, we designed an analytical solution to propagate the spatial gradient fields from the low-resolution (LR) images to the HR image space and exploited these gradient fields over multiple scales with a dynamic update scheme for more accurate edge localization in the reconstruction. We also established a forward model of image formation and inverted it along with the proposed gradient guidance. The proposed SRR method allows subject motion between volumes and is able to incorporate various acquisition schemes where the LR images are acquired with arbitrary orientations and displacements, such as orthogonal and through-plane origin-shifted scans. We assessed our proposed approach on simulated data as well as on the data acquired on a Siemens 3T MRI scanner containing 45 MRI scans from 14 subjects. Our experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieved superior reconstructions compared to state-of-the-art methods, both in terms of local spatial smoothness and edge preservation, while, in parallel, at reduced, or at the same cost as scans delivered with direct HR acquisition.

Attitude dynamics of a rigid body in Keplerian motion

This paper studies the attitude dynamics of a rigid body in a Keplerian orbit. We show that the use of Classical Rodrigues Parameters for the attitude motion of the rigid body subject to gravity-gradient torques enables us to characterize the equilibria associated with the rotational motion about its mass center. A parametric study of the stability of equilibria is conducted to show that large oscillations are induced due to the energy exchange between the pitch and roll–yaw motions, specifically near the 2:1 resonant commensurability regions. A visualization tool is developed to study these pitch oscillations and gain insight into the rigid body motion near internal resonance conditions. A measure of coupling between the pitching and roll–yaw motions is developed to quantify the energy exchange utilizing information from the state transition matrix.

Effectiveness of Hot Pack with Caudal Glide and Antero-Posterior Glide Mobilisation to Improve Shoulder Abduction Range in Adhesive Capsulitis

Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis is a self-limiting regional skeletal condition of uncertain aetiology characterised by a progressive loss of both active and passive mobility of the glenohumeral joint in the shoulder complex. It begins insidiously with shoulder pain and dysfunction in middle aged and elderly population. Adhesive capsulitis predominantly affects the older population, affecting both the sexes; however, female patients are affected more. Aim: To find the effect on pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and disability in subjects with adhesive capsulitis treated with hot pack along with caudal glide versus hot pack along with antero-posterior glide mobilisation. Materials and Methods: The study, quasi experimental, was conducted on 80 subjects which were further divided into two groups with 40 subjects in each groups. Subjects were evaluated for pain, ROM and disability index. Group A received antero-posterior glide mobilisation with the hot pack, where as Group B received caudal glide mobilisation with hot pack for thrice a week for three weeks completing a total of nine sessions. The statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc t-test for calculating within and between group differences. The parameters that were measured were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), ROM, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Results: The p-value after three weeks between the groups was 0.02, 0.0001, and 0.014 for VAS, ROM and disability. There was significant difference in the pre and post values in both Group A and Group B. Post-treatment values of VAS (p=0.0001), ROM (p=0.0001), and SPADI (p=0.0001) in Group B were showed more improvement than the post-treatment values of VAS, ROM and SPADI in Group A. Conclusion: Caudal glide mobilisation is more effective in improving pain, abduction ROM and SPADI index in patients with adhesive capsulitis.

Effectiveness of Short Form-36 Health Status Questionnaire Versus WOMAC Arthritis Index Questionnaire on Chronic Knee Osteoarthritis Patients

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a common disease of aged population and one of the leading causes of disability. Key causes include obesity or overweight along with aging. Knee osteoarthritis can cause significant pain and functional loss. As the disease progresses, it can cause chronic knee joint pain, muscle weakness, joint deformity and functional deficiency which leads to decreased quality of life. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) is a 24-item questionnaire with 3 sub-scales measuring pain (5 items), stiffness (2 items) and physical function (17 items). Health related quality of life is measured using Short Form-36, used to examine health status in following eight domains: Bodily pain, physical function, role limitations due to social problems, physical problems, general health, vitality, social function, mental health, role limitation due to physical problems. Aim: To find the effect of Short Form-36 Health Status Questionnaire versus WOMAC Arthritis Index Questionnaire to measure the pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and disability in subjects with chronic knee osteoarthritis patients treated with Contrast Bath and Knee Exercises. Materials and Methods: This study was a pre and post longitudinal cohort study. A total of 90 patients were divided into two groups of 45 each. Each patient was given treatment for four weeks. Each patient was treated with Contrast bath and Knee Exercises. Group A patients were instructed to fill the Short Form-36 Health Status Questionnaire and Group B patients were instructed to fill the WOMAC Arthritis Index Questionnaire and outcome measures were collected on day 1, at the end of 2nd week and at the end of 4th week. Data from study were analysed using the statistical package SPSS 19.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and level of significance was set at p&lt;0.05. Results: Group B shows a mean of the total score of WOMAC Arthritis Index Questionnaire which was 74.66 (SD 10.01) on Day 1; mean of 49.02 (SD 12.08) at the end of the 2nd week and a mean of 20.68 (SD 12.23) at the end of 4th week. The p-value was found to be 0.0001. The percentage disability evaluated by the WOMAC Arthritis Index Questionnaire shows a mean of 78 (SD 10) on Day 1; mean of 51 (SD 12) at the end of 2nd week and a mean of 22 (SD 13) at the end of 4th week. On day 1 Short Form-36 Questionnaire, total score of group A was 88.24 (SD 6.72) and at the end of 2nd week and 4th week the mean score was 94.06 (SD 5.10) and 98.72 (SD 4.55), respectively with statistically significant difference p-value (0.0001). Conclusion: The present study showed that the WOMAC Arthritis Index Questionnaire had superior sensitivity in reducing pain and increasing range of motion and thus by decreasing the disability.