Abstract Illustrated revision of Fissidens subgenus Fissidens in tropical eastern Africa. Fissidens artsii Brugg.-Nann. is newly reported from Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda; F. gomae P. de la Varde & J.-F. Leroy to Uganda and F. leucocinctus Hampe to Angola; F. magnicellulatus Brugg.-Nann., F. pachylomadelphus Demaret & P. de la Varde, F. robynsianus P. de la Varde, F. rotereaui P. de la Varde and F. taylorii Müll. Hal. are new to Tanzania. The last is also new for Africa. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Fissidens androgynus Bruch in Krauss (F. simensis Schimp. ex Müll. Hal., syn. nov., F. longipes Welw. & Duby, syn. nov., F. subremotifolius Müll. Hal., syn. nov., F. gueinzii Müll. Hal., syn. nov., F. malaco-bryoides Müll. Hal., syn. nov., F. obsoletidens Müll. Hal. var. schistophila Broth., syn. nov., F. platybryoides Müll. Hal. var. subimmarginatus Dixon, syn. nov., F. crateris Dixon, syn. nov., F. crateris Dixon var. sererekae Dixon, syn. nov.), Fissidens crispus Mont. (F. hoeegii P. de la Varde syn. nov. and F. cataractarum Demaret & P. de la Varde, syn. nov.). Reinstatements: F. pachylomadelphus Demaret & P. de la Varde and F. rotereaui P. de la Varde (confirmed synonym Fissidens schelpei P. de la Varde).