Subtropical Asia Research Articles

Monitoring for bovine arboviruses in the most southwestern islands in Japan between 1994 and 2014.

BackgroundIn Japan, epizootic arboviral infections have severely impacted the livestock industry for a long period. Akabane, Aino, Chuzan, bovine ephemeral fever and Ibaraki viruses have repeatedly caused epizootic abnormal births and febrile illness in the cattle population. In addition, Peaton, Sathuperi, Shamonda and D’Aguilar viruses and epizootic hemorrhagic virus serotype 7 have recently emerged in Japan and are also considered to be involved in abnormal births in cattle. The above-mentioned viruses are hypothesized to circulate in tropical and subtropical Asia year round and to be introduced to temperate East Asia by long-distance aerial dispersal of infected vectors. To watch for arbovirus incursion and assess the possibility of its early warning, monitoring for arboviruses was conducted in the Yaeyama Islands, located at the most southwestern area of Japan, between 1994 and 2014.ResultsBlood sampling was conducted once a year, in the autumn, in 40 to 60 healthy cattle from the Yaeyama Islands. Blood samples were tested for arboviruses. A total of 33 arboviruses including Akabane, Peaton, Chuzan, D’ Aguilar, Bunyip Creek, Batai and epizootic hemorrhagic viruses were isolated from bovine blood samples. Serological surveillance for the bovine arboviruses associated with cattle diseases in young cattle (ages 6–12 months: had only been alive for one summer) clearly showed their frequent incursion into the Yaeyama Islands. In some cases, the arbovirus incursions could be detected in the Yaeyama Islands prior to their spread to mainland Japan.ConclusionsWe showed that long-term surveillance in the Yaeyama Islands could estimate the activity of bovine arboviruses in neighboring regions and may provide a useful early warning for likely arbovirus infections in Japan. The findings in this study could contribute to the planning of prevention and control for bovine arbovirus infections in Japan and cooperative efforts among neighboring countries in East Asia.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0747-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The Epidemiology of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Asia: A Systematic Review and Analysis.

Context:Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a widespread pediatric disease caused primarily by human enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16).Objective:This study reports a systematic review of the epidemiology of HFMD in Asia.Data Sources:PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched up to December 2014.Study Selection:Two reviewers independently assessed studies for epidemiologic and serologic information about prevalence and incidence of HFMD against predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria.Data Extraction:Two reviewers extracted answers for 8 specific research questions on HFMD epidemiology. The results are checked by 3 others.Results:HFMD is found to be seasonal in temperate Asia with a summer peak and in subtropical Asia with spring and fall peaks, but not in tropical Asia; evidence of a climatic role was identified for temperate Japan. Risk factors for HFMD include hygiene, age, gender and social contacts, but most studies were underpowered to adjust rigorously for confounding variables. Both community-level and school-level transmission have been implicated, but their relative importance for HFMD is inconclusive. Epidemiologic indices are poorly understood: No supporting quantitative evidence was found for the incubation period of EV-A71; the symptomatic rate of EV-A71/Coxsackievirus A16 infection was from 10% to 71% in 4 studies; while the basic reproduction number was between 1.1 and 5.5 in 3 studies. The uncertainty in these estimates inhibits their use for further analysis.Limitations:Diversity of study designs complicates attempts to identify features of HFMD epidemiology.Conclusions:Knowledge on HFMD remains insufficient to guide interventions such as the incorporation of an EV-A71 vaccine in pediatric vaccination schedules. Research is urgently needed to fill these gaps.

The role of poorly crystalline iron oxides in the stability of soil aggregate-associated organic carbon in a rice–wheat cropping system

The stability of the soil organic carbon (SOC) in a rice–wheat rotation paddy soil has been of interest because of the global emission of greenhouse gases from the soil and the sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the soil, as well as in terms of soil fertility in subtropical Asia. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between poorly crystalline iron oxides (Feo) and SOC in bulk soil and soil aggregates. Soil samples were collected after a wheat harvest in June 2014 and after a rice harvest in October 2014 and were separated into large macroaggregates, small macroaggregates, microaggregates, and silt and clay by wet-sieving. The long-term (5-year) application of pig manure compost plus chemical fertilizer (NPKM) increased the SOC content more efficiently than other treatments. The specific carbon mineralization rate (SCMR, rate per unit SOC) increased in the following order: microaggregate<macroaggregate<silt and clay, suggesting that SOC in the microaggregates is more stable than in the silt and clay fraction. The Feo concentration was significantly positively correlated with the SOC content in the bulk soil (P<0.001) and the soil aggregates (P<0.001), but negatively correlated with the SCMR (P<0.001). Compared with chemical fertilization alone (NPK), NPKM not only significantly improved soil aggregation but also efficiently activated the iron oxides as indicated by an increase in the aggregate mean-weight diameter (MWD) and the Feo content. Therefore, we suggested that the seasonal variation of wetting and drying drives the redox transformation of iron oxides and the mobility of Feo, and then affects the distribution of Feo in soil aggregates, which may endow paddy soil with a physico-chemical protection of SOC while application of organic fertilizers enhances this protection.

Levoglucosan evidence for biomass burning records over Tibetan glaciers

Intense biomass burning (BB) events are widespread in tropical and subtropical Asia. However, the impact of BB aerosols on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), especially on Tibetan glaciers, is poorly understood. In this study, BB signals are revealed using the specific molecular tracer levoglucosan in snow and ice samples from different Tibetan glaciers. Tibetan glaciers mainly act as receptors of BB emissions from surrounding regions. Significant differences in levoglucosan concentrations in glacier samples collected from two slopes on the same mountain range indicate that high mountains can act as natural barriers to block the transport of smoke aerosols to the TP. Levoglucosan concentrations show a decreasing trend from west to east on glaciers impacted by the Indian summer monsoon on the southern edge of the TP, while the opposite pattern was observed on glaciers under the prevailing westerlies along the northern edge. The emission sources, the controlling climate system, as well as deposition and degradation during transport determined the spatial distribution regimes of levoglucosan concentration on Tibetan glaciers.

Typification of the name Pteris multifida (Pteridaceae subfamily Pteridoideae)

Pteris multifida, sometimes called ‘spider fern’, ‘spider brake’, ‘Chinese brake’, or ‘Huguenot fern’, is characterized by its distal pinnae of mature leaves being simple, adnate and decurrent to the rachis in at least the distal ½ of the leaf, and the venation is entirely free. The species is native to subtropical Asia and was probably first collected from China. The species is commonly cultivated as an ornamental and has become naturalized in many parts of tropical Africa (Verdcourt 2002) and America (Prado &amp; Windisch 2000, Christenhusz 2010, Martínez 2011). It grows terrestrially or epiphytically in moist, open, disturbed places.

High‐frequency daily temperature variability in China and its relationship to large‐scale circulation

ABSTRACTTwo measures of intra‐seasonal variability, indicated respectively by standard deviations (SD) and day‐to‐day (DTD) fluctuations denoted by absolute differences between adjacent 2‐day periods, as well as their relationships with large‐scale circulation patterns were investigated in China during 1962–2008 on the basis of homogenized daily temperature records from 549 local stations and reanalysis data. Our results show that both the SD and DTD of daily minimum temperatures (Tmin) in summer as well as the minimum and maximum temperatures in winter have been decreasing, while the daily maximum temperature (Tmax) variability in summer is fluctuating more, especially over southern China. In summer, an attribution analysis indicates that the intensity of the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) and high‐level East Asian Subtropical Jet stream (EASJ) are positively correlated with both SD and DTD, but the correlation coefficients are generally greater with the SD than with the DTD of the daily maximum temperature, Tmax. In contrast, the location of the EASJ shows the opposite correlation pattern, with intensity regarding the correlation with both SD and DTD. In winter, the Arctic Oscillation (AO) is negatively correlated with both the SD and DTD of the daily minimum temperature, but its intra‐seasonal variability exhibits good agreement with the SD of the Tmin. The Siberian High acts differently with respect to the SD and DTD of the Tmin, demonstrating a regionally consistent positive correlation with the SD. Overall, the large‐scale circulation can well explain the intra‐seasonal SD, but DTD fluctuations may be more local and impacted by local conditions, such as changes in the temperature itself, the land surface, and so on.

One new compound from Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC (Rubiaceae) in Vietnam

Borreria is a genus of Rubiaceae widespread in tropical and subtropical America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. Studies have confirmed that extracts as well as some isolated compounds of species of Borreria genus possess diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-ulcer… In this paper, we present the chemical structures of four compounds isolated from Borreria alata, collected at Di Linh district, Lam Dong province, Vietnam. 3β, 6β, 23-trihydroxyurs- 12-en-28-oic acid (1), sodium deacetylasperulosidate (2), 7β-hydroxy-11-methylforsythide (3) and sodium loganate (4). Among them, three compounds (1), (2), (3) were known for the first time in Borreria genus to our best knowledge and (4) is a new compound. The chemical structures of these compounds wereelucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and HR-MS spectroscopic data, as well as by comparison with those reported in the literature.

First megafossil record of Neolepisorus (Polypodiaceae) from the late Miocene of Yunnan, Southwest China

The first megafossil record of the genus Neolepisorus Ching from the late Miocene of Yunnan Province, SW China, is reported. Neolepisoruschingii sp. nov. is represented by a simple fertile frond with one line exindusiate, elliptic-fusiform sori along the lower part of the midrib, and a basal contractive sterile frond with a sinuolate margin. The venation is characterized by a strong midrib, prominent zigzagging lateral veins, and reticulate higher order veins with free-ending veinlets (simple or forked once). The combination of these characters confirms the genus Neolepisorus (Polypodiaceae), now distributed in subtropical Southeast Asia, except for one species, which inhabits Madagascar of tropical Africa. It has a distribution center south of the Yangtze River in China. So far, no megafossil assigned to Neolepisorus has been reported, and the occurrence of Neolepisoruschingii in SW China associated with other types of fern occurrence adds increased evidence of fern radiation during the Neogene in Yunnan Province in response to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.

The Global Warming–Induced South Asian High Change and Its Uncertainty

Abstract Based on models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the present study investigates the South Asian high (SAH) change in response to global warming. Under global warming, the selected 16 coupled general circulation models all feature an elevation of geopotential height at 100 hPa to the south of the SAH climatological position; an easterly response is found over the northern Indian Ocean in all the models, while a westerly response is found over subtropical Asia. The ridges of the SAH shift equatorward in 75% of models. Using the linear baroclinic model, it is found that the combined effects of latent heating and the mean advection of stratification change (MASC) are mainly responsible for those responses. The MASC mainly leads to the aforementioned easterly and westerly responses; the latent heating contributes to the geopotential height response and the easterly response over the northern Indian Ocean. The most important intermodel diversity is found in the 100-hPa circulation change under global warming, accounting for more than half of the total intermodel variance. The intermodel spread of latent heating and the MASC are important factors in driving the 100-hPa circulation diversity. Furthermore, analysis shows that the projected uncertainties in humidity, vertical velocity, and global mean temperature change are the three most important sources of intermodel diversity for the 100-hPa circulation change.

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa L.) dengan Pemupukan Nitrogen dan Fosfor

&lt;p&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is a native medicinal plant to subtropical West Asia and the Mediterranean regions. So far, information regarding black cumin fertilization is still limited. The objectives of this study was to obtain the optimum rate of N and P fertilizer in order to promote the growth and production of black cumin under tropical climates. This research was conducted at Manoko Experimental Station, Lembang, West Java from October 2012 to January 2013. The research was arranged in randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was four rates of N fertilizer (0, 40, 80, 120 kg N ha-1), and the second factor was four rates of P fertilizer (0, 40, 80, 120 kg P2O5 ha-1). The results showed that application of N and P fertilizers increased plant height, leaf number, branch number, leaf area, leaf area index, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, plant dry weight, number of capsule per plant, number of seed per capsule, seed weight per plant, and weight of 1,000 seeds. Moreover, growth and production of black cumin still increased at the highest rates of N and P fertilizers, therefore, it is necessary to study for N and K at higher rates in order to obtain optimum production rate.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keywords: medicinal plant, rate of fertilizer, tropical&lt;/p&gt;

Climate-adaptive Urban Open Space Design Strategy in Workplace for Comfort and Health-Case in Hong Kong and Singapore

In recent years, accompanied by the massive increased urban population density and the compact built environment, the challenge lies in Asian metropolis has evoked the promotion of human health and well-being. This paper aims to deliver the authors’ intention to evaluate the performance of diverse site configuration in the field of urban open space under the tropical and subtropical Asian climatic conditions. The empirical study was conducted in Hong Kong and Singapore in 2015 by the approach of objective environment assessment and perceived health survey. The research findings postulated two paradigms in climate-adaptive design strategy: 1) the precise composition of urban canopy directly impacts the thermal comfort of urban open space; and 2) the comprehensive site configuration significantly influences the personal evaluation of health perception. Based on the above findings, a framework is conceptualized as an attempt to strengthen the climate-adaptive open space design strategy.

Correlation of Vitamin D and Body Mass Index with Modic Changes in Patients with Non-Specific Low Back Pain in a Sub-Tropical Asian Population.

Study DesignCross-sectional study by non-probability consecutive sampling.PurposeThe objective of this study was to assess body mass index (BMI) and investigate vitamin D levels in patients with low back pain (LBP) and study a possible relationship with myopathy-related symptoms and Modic changes.Overview of LiteratureLBP is a multifactorial problem and the search for its patho-anatomical causes is ongoing. Modic changes seem to be a cause of back pain but the pathological mechanisms underlying this are not completely defined. Hypovitaminosis D and obesity have also been shown to cause chronic musculoskeletal pain. The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and BMI with Modic changes has not been studied in detail.MethodsThree hundred and sixteen patients with chronic LBP was selected for the study by non-probability consecutive sampling. The study was conducted over a period of 12 months from January 2014 to December 2014 at St. John's Medical College, Banglore. Questionnaires were provided to the participants and demographic information, symptoms, weight and height were recorded from the study subjects. BMI was calculated. Serum vitamin D level was assessed and Modic changes studied on magnetic resonance imaging. Correlations between vitamin D, BMI and Modic changes were studied using correlation coefficients and odds ratios obtained from logistic regression.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty-six out of 316 patients (80%) had low vitamin D. 83% of patients with BMI>25 kg/m2 had low vitamin D levels as compared to 69% with BMI<25 kg/m2. Statistically significant correlation coefficients were found between vitamin D levels, BMI and Modic changes. Significant association was found between low vitamin D levels and Modic changes (odds ratio 1.75).ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency and obesity have significant relations with LBP. Low vitamin D levels is associated with Modic changes but whether they represent a subgroup of patients whose low backpain is associated with low vitamin D needs to be further evaluated.

The effect of Myrica rubra essential oil and its components α-humulene and trans-nerolidol on adhesion and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells

Essential oil from leaves of Myrica rubra (MEO), a subtropical Asian fruit tree with traditional use in folk medicines, had significant antiproliferative effect in several intestinal cancer cell lines. In present study, we tested the influence of MEO and its most effective compounds α-humulene and trans-nerolidol on the cell adhesion, expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1; E-cadherin; β-catenin) and apoptotic molecules (NF-κB, caspases) in colorectal cancer cell line HT29. All parameters were followed up and compared in presence or absence of pro-inflammatory agent TNFα. The results showed that MEO was able to decrease adhesion of colon cancer HT29 cells to collagen. Furthermore MEO, α-humulene and trans -nerolidol significantly suppressed adhesion of TNFα-induced cells probably due to down-regulation of ICAM-1. Moreover, MEO and α-humulene could diminish tumor invasion and metastasis via up-regulation of E-cadherin. In presence of TNFα, MEO and trans- nerolidol decreased activation (phosphorylation) of NF-κB, increased activity of caspases and by this way induced apoptosis of cancer cells. More pronounced effects of MEO than those of α-humulene and trans -nerolidol indicate synergism and/or contribution of other components.

Origins and evolution of cinnamon and camphor: A phylogenetic and historical biogeographical analysis of the Cinnamomum group (Lauraceae)

Tropical and subtropical amphi-Pacific disjunction is among the most fascinating distribution patterns, but received little attention. Here we use the fossil-rich Cinnamomum group, a primarily tropical and subtropical Asian lineage with some species distributed in Neotropics, Australasia and Africa to shed light upon this disjunction pattern. Phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses were carried out using sequences of three nuclear loci from 94 Cinnamomum group and 13 outgroup samples. Results show that although there are three clades within a monophyletic Cinnamomum group, Cinnamomum and previously recognized subdivisions within this genus were all rejected as natural groups. The Cinnamomum group appears to have originated in the widespread boreotropical paleoflora of Laurasia during the early Eocene (ca. 55Ma). The formation and breakup of the boreotropics seems to have then played a key role in the formation of intercontinental disjunctions within the Cinnamomum group. The first cooling interval (50–48Ma) in the late early Eocene resulted in a floristic discontinuity between Eurasia and North America causing the tropical and subtropical amphi-Pacific disjunction. The second cooling interval in the mid-Eocene (42–38Ma) resulted in the fragmentation of the boreotropics within Eurasia, leading to an African–Asian disjunction. Multiple dispersal events from North into South America occurred from the early Eocene to late Miocene and a single migration event from Asia into Australia appears to have occurred in the early Miocene.

Bambusa gurgandii K. M. Wong &amp; M. H. Diep (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a New Species of Bamboo from Vietnam

WONG, K. M. & M.H. DIEP (2015). Bambusa gurgandii K. M. Wong & M. H. Diep (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species of bamboo from Vietnam. Candollea 70: 211-218. In English, English abstract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2015v702a6 Bambusa Schreb. (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) is a large and complex tropical and subtropical Asian genus that is currently being taxonomically remodeled through morphological and molecular phylogenetic approaches. The type and type alliance of the genus is, however, morphologically well distinguished. Preliminary documentation suggests there could be some 60-70 species of Bambusa in Vietnam, although confirmation requires more rigorous herbarium-based vouchering. A new species of bamboo belonging to the type alliance, Bambusa gurgandii K. M. Wong & M. H. Diep, is described, known only from cultivated specimens in Vietnam. It belongs to the group of unarmed Bambusa species including Bambusa burmanica Gamble, Bambusa farinacea K. M. Wong, Bambusa nutans Wall. ex Munro, Bambusa polymorpha Munro, Bambusa teres Buch.-Ham. ex Munro and Bambusa tulda Roxb. but is distinguished by details of the pseudospikelets and flowers.

Lectotypification of Callicarpa integerrima (Lamiaceae)

The genus Callicarpa Linnaeus (1753: 111) with about 140 species is mainly distributed in temperate, subtropical and tropical Asia, America, Australia and the Pacific Islands (Harley et al. 2004; Bramley 2013; Zhang 2014; Ma &amp; Su 2015), with 48 species and 13 varieties occurring in China (Chen &amp; Gilbert 1994). Callicarpa was long thought to be included in Verbenaceae. However, based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies on the Verbenaceae and Lamiaceae, Callicarpa was transferred to Lamiaceae, along with Viticoideae and several other genera (Bramley 2009, 2013; Ma et al. 2015). During a taxonimic study of this genus in China, the name C. integerrima Champion ex Bentham (1853: 135) tourned out not yet typified. C. integerrima is currently accepted as endemic species of China (Chen &amp; Gilbert 1994) and was described based on plants collected in Hongkong (Bentham 1853), but no specimens were cited in the protologue. We traced in K two duplicate specimens (K barcodes K000674744 and K000674745) collected by J.G. Champion in Hongkong that fit the protologue and can be regarded as syntypes (Art. 9.5 of the ICN, McNeill et al. 2012). The specimen K barcode K000674744 is better preserved and complete (flowers and fruits), and is selected here as the lectotype.

Glyptopetalum verticillatum (Celastraceae), a new species from Yunnan, China

The genus Glyptopetalum Thwaites (1856: 267) consists of approximately twenty species distributed in tropical and subtropical Asia (Liu &amp; Funston 2008). It belongs to the family Celastraceae and is very close to the genus Euonymus Linnaeus (1753: 197). Hou (1962, 1963) provided the best overview of Glyptopetalum, describing plants of that genus as shrubs or small trees with 4-merous flowers, 4-locular ovaries, pendulous ovules, with one per locule, loculicidal capsules with persistent columella and branched raphes. In particular, he stressed that one ovule per cell, persistent columella and branched raphes are the most reliable characteristics for distinguishing Glyptopetalum from Euonymus. Simmons et al. (2012) consider both Glyptopetalum and Torralbasia as closely related to Euonymus based on their experimental data of two (of 20) species of Glyptopetalum. However, they recommend that Glyptopetalum continues to be recognized as distinct from Euonymus, based on the three reproductive differences noted by Hou (1963). Li et al. (2014) also support this view based on their molecular data. Consequently, we recommend that Glyptopetalum be recognized as a distinct genus in this paper.

Towards modeling the regional rainfall changes over Iran due to the climate forcing of the past 6000 years

We present a climate modeling approach to reproduce the rainfall patterns over Iran due to the climatic forcings during the past 6000 years. The selected periods are simulated using a spatially high-resolved atmosphere General Circulation Model (GCM). Our results show that the winter rainfall patterns over Iran have changed due to the changes in solar insolation with a wetter condition starting around 3 ka BP and reaching its maximum during the Medieval Climate Anomaly ca. 1 ka BP. The rainfall variability can be explained by the changes in atmospheric conditions as a result of changing incoming solar irradiance based on the Milankovitch theory. A shift in the Earth's energy budget leads to the modulation of the West Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet (WASWJ). The investigations support the hypothesis that during the Holocene a northward shift in the WASWJ contributes to the less cyclonic activities over Iran. This brings less moisture into the region during the winter.

Essential Oil from Myrica rubra Leaves Potentiated Antiproliferative and Prooxidative Effect of Doxorubicin and its Accumulation in Intestinal Cancer Cells.

Essential oil from the leaves of Myrica rubra, a subtropical Asian fruit tree traditionally used in folk medicines, has a significant antiproliferative effect in several intestinal cancer cell lines. Doxorubicin belongs to the most important cytostatics used in cancer therapy. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of defined essential oil from M.rubra leaves on efficacy, prooxidative effect, and accumulation of doxorubicin in cancer cell lines and in non-cancerous cells. For this purpose, intestinal adenocarcinoma CaCo2 cells were used. Human fibroblasts (periodontal ligament) and a primary culture of rat hepatocytes served as models of non-cancerous cells. The results showed that the sole essential oil from M.rubra has a strong prooxidative effect in cancer cells while it acts as a mild antioxidant in hepatocytes. Combined with doxorubicin, the essential oil enhanced the antiproliferative and prooxidative effects of doxorubicin in cancer cells. At higher concentrations, synergism of doxorubicin and essential oil from M.rubra was proved. In non-cancerous cells, the essential oil did not affect the toxicity of doxorubicin and the doxorubicin-mediated reactive oxygen species formation. The essential oil increased the intracellular concentration of doxorubicin and enhanced selectively the doxorubicin accumulation in nuclei of cancer cells. Taken together, essential oil from M.rubra leaves could be able to improve the doxorubicin efficacy in cancer cells due to an increased reactive oxygen species production, and the doxorubicin accumulation in nuclei of cancer cells.

Antitumor activity and antioxidant status of Streblus asper bark against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma in mice.

Streblus asper Lour (Moraceae), commonly known as Siamee Rough Brush in English is widely distributed in subtropical Asia and traditionally used for several medicinal purposes. In the present study, the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extract from Streblus asper bark (EASA) was evaluated for antitumor effect against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma (DAL) in Swiss albino mice. Twenty-four hours after intraperitoneal inoculation of DAL cells in mice, EASA was administered intraperitoneally at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight for 9 consecutive days. On the 10th day, half of the mice were sacrificed to determine the tumor growth parameters, and the rest were kept alive for survival assessment. Hematological, serum biochemical and tissue (liver, kidney) antioxidant profiles were also determined. EASA exhibited significant and dose dependent decrease in tumor growth parameters and increased survival of DAL bearing animals. EASA significantly and dose-dependently normalized the altered hematological, serum biochemical and tissue antioxidant parameters as compared with the DAL control mice. From the present study it may be concluded that S. asper bark possesses remarkable antitumor efficacy mediated by amelioration of oxidative stress by multiple mechanisms.