Language Style Research Articles

Analisis Unsur Intrinsik Pada Film “Mencuri Raden Saleh”

Literary works are creative expressions that focus on the human experience and life, utilizing language as a means of communication. Furthermore, literature is the outcome of human creativity conveyed via the use of writing and language as a means of communication. Literature is essentially a form of artistic expression by humans that use language as a medium to convey experiences, thoughts, feelings, and ideas. Common literary works encountered in daily life include short tales, poems, novels, films, and dramas. The aim of this research is to identify the inherent components contained in the film "Mencuri Raden Saleh". The approach used in this research is to conduct an analytical investigation of a literary work, followed by collecting verifiable evidence. In this analysis, researchers explore the inherent components contained in films, such as topic, characters/characterization, plot, setting, point of view, language style, and message.

Humorous or serious? The interaction effect of language style and tourism activity type on tourist well-being

Promoting Well-being is one of United Nations’ sustainable development goals and it also attracts increasing attentions in tourism research. Based on the stereotype content model (SCM), this study examines the interaction effect of service employees’ language style and tourism activity type on tourist well-being. The mediating effects of perceived pleasure and perceived professionalism is also studied. The theoretical value of this paper is two-fold: First, it is the first study of the adaptability of tourism activities to different language styles and of how this adaptability difference affects tourist hedonia and eudaimonia. The discovery of the interaction effect between tourism activity type and language style also provides a legitimate explanation for resolving the contradiction between humour and seriousness in previous studies. Second, this study sheds new light on the stereotype content model. It introduces two new constructs—perceived pleasure and professionalism and reveals their mediation effect in the interaction effect. These constructs support affective and cognitive evaluations of social judgments. Our findings have important implications for tourism practitioners who seek to develop effective service strategies to enhance tourist well-being and thus promote sustainable tourism.

Gaya Bahasa Sarkasme pada Akun Media Sosial Tiktok

This research aims to describe the form and function of sarcasm on Tiktok social media accounts. This type of research is qualitative using descriptive methods. Data collection will be in October 2023. The instrument in this human interest. Data collection techniques in this research used listening, note-taking and documentation techniques. Data analysis uses data analysis techniques based on Miles and Huberman, namely in the form of data reduction, data validity, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that the forms of sarcasm language style on the Tiktok social media account include nature sarcasm, epithet sarcasm, action sarcasm, sarcasm resulting from actions and appeal sarcasm. Apart from that, the function of sarcasm language style on the Tiktok social media account is as a form of conveying information, conveying affirmation, conveying opinions, conveying questions, and conveying similarities.

LANGUAGE STYLE IN TASYA FARASYA’S ADVERTISEMENT VIDEO YOUTUBE

Language style in advertisement was conduct on Tasya Farasya’s YouTube Video. The article aimed to investigate the types and describe the realization the language style in Tasya Farasya’s advertisement video YouTube. This research using William Well’s theory and qualitative descriptive method. The data source is YouTube videos and 50 styles of English advertisements were found as data. The result emerged with nine types of language style advertisement: Hard Sell (8%), Soft Sell (4%), Lecture and Drama (2%), Straightforward (10%), Demonstration (24%), Problem Solution (20%), Slice of Life (6%), Spokeperson (12%), and Comparison (14%). Each language style has a different communication style, the hard sell style shows promotional language, the soft sell style shows more subtle promotional language such as lots of stories, the lecture and drama language styles show the language of drama stories created by advertisers, the straightforward style shows honest language. A style shows the language influences the audience by promoting products while using it. The problem and solution style indicates language that points out the problem and then suggest a solution. Lifestyle dramas show language that involves their personal lives through the products they advertise. The spokesperson’s style indicates the advertising language that advertisers usually use. Finally, comparative style shows the language of comparing one product with another.

An Analysis of Language Styles Used by Tour Guides in Huta Siallagan: A Study of International Tourist Satisfaction

This research delves into an examination of the language styles employed by tour guides in Huta Siallagan when interacting with international tourists. The primary objectives of this study were twofold: first, to categorize and identify the various types of language styles used by tour guides during their interactions with tourists, and second, to assess the overall satisfaction of international tourists with the services provided by these tour guides. To achieve these objectives, a descriptive qualitative method was employed. The research methodology followed the framework outlined by Miles and Huberman, encompassing data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions from the collected information. The data collection process involved the transcription of voice recordings of tour guides and foreign tourists, which were then transformed into written scripts. Subsequently, these scripts were closely examined to identify specific linguistic elements, allowing for a detailed analysis of the language styles present in the tour guide-tourist interactions. For the analytical framework, Martin Joos' theory was utilized, providing a structured framework for understanding and categorizing the language styles used by tour guides. In total, the study analysed 77 utterances from the collected data. The findings of this research reveal that the most prevalent language style utilized by tour guides in Huta Siallagan when interacting with international tourists is the casual style. This outcome sheds light on the communicative preferences and practices of tour guides in this cultural and touristic context. These insights can be invaluable for tour operators, policymakers, and other stakeholders in the tourism industry, aiming to enhance the experiences of international tourists visiting Huta Siallagan.

ChatGPT-3.5 Responses Require Advanced Readability for the General Population and May Not Effectively Supplement Patient-Related Information Provided by the Treating Surgeon Regarding Common Questions About Rotator Cuff Repair

The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of ChatGPT's responses to frequently asked questions (FAQ) prior to rotator cuff repair surgery. The ten most common FAQs related to rotator cuff repair were compiled from four institution websites. Questions were then input into ChatGPT-3.5 in one session. The provided ChatGPT-3.5 responses were analyzed by two orthopedic surgeons for reliability, quality, and readability using The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark criteria, the DISCERN score, and the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level. The JAMA Benchmark criteria score was 0, indicating the absence of reliable source material citations. The mean Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level was 13.4 (range, 11.2-15.0). The mean DISCERN score was 43.4 (range, 36-51) indicating that the quality of the responses overall was considered fair. All responses cited making final decision-making to be made with the treating physician. ChatGPT-3.5 provided substandard patient-related information in alignment with recommendations from the treating surgeon regarding common questions around rotator cuff repair surgery. Additionally, the responses lacked reliable source material citations and the readability of the responses was relatively advanced with a complex language style. The findings of this study suggest that ChatGPT-3.5 may not effectively supplement patient-related information in the context of recommendations provided by the treating surgeon prior to rotator cuff repair surgery.

Gaya Bahasa Pada Novel “Bara Dalam Jelaga” Karya Napermana

This study examines the language style in the novel “Bara in Jelaga” by Napermana based on Tarigan theory which divides four types of language styles, namely comparative language style, conflict language style, connection language style, and repetition language style. This study uses qualitative descriptive research method. The data source for this study is the novel “Bara in Jelaga” by Napermana. Data collection techniques use reading and note techniques. According to the results and discussion, a language style with a total of 42 quotations was found which shows language style, consisting of: 1) comparative language style, 22 quotations, including 10 parable language styles, 3 quotations in periphrasis language style, 8 personification language styles. Quotations, and pleonasm language style contains 1 quotation. 2) the conflicting language style consists of 8 quotations, including the climax language style containing 2 quotations, the hyperbole language style containing 5 quotations, and the sarcasm language style containing 1 quotation. 3) the linking language style consists of 3 quotations, including the erotic language style containing 1 quotation, the eponymous language style containing 1 quotation, and the ellipsis language style containing 1 quotation. 4) the repetition language style consists of 9 quotations, including the episcopal language style containing 3 quotations, the anaphoric language style containing 5 quotations, and the epistrophic language style containing 1 quotation.The conclusion of this research is that the novel “Bara in Jelaga” predominantly uses a comparative language style.

A Study on Translator’s Subjectivity in Novel Translation Based on Skopos Theory: Take Mrs. Dalloway Translated by Wang Jiaxiang as an Example

The translator, as the subjectivity of translation, will have a certain influence on the effect of translation. Therefore, the role that the translator plays in translation has always been a hot topic in translation studies. Mrs. Dalloway is a classic novel of the British writer Virginia Woolf, and Wang Jiaxiang’s translation can fully reflect the characteristics of Woolf’s stream-of-consciousness novel. Taking Skopos Theory as the theoretical guide, this paper explores the manifestation of translator’s subjectivity in Wang Jiaxiang’s translation of Mrs. Dalloway from the aspects of translation techniques and language style, and analyses the subjective initiative played by the translator from the translation purpose, so as to further study the significance of translator’s subjectivity in translation practice.

Analisis Stilistika (Sajak) pada Surah Al-‘Asr dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembaca

This research aims to discuss the stylistics of the Al-Qur'an, as well as provide an in-depth analysis of the poetry in Surah Al-'Asr and the effects it has on readers and listeners. Stylistics is very important for linguistic studies and literary studies. Stylistics can contribute to research on language style, which is the main element for achieving various forms of meaning in literary works, because literary works cannot be separated from the use of language style and beauty. The research method used in this research is the analytical descriptive method. After the required data is collected, the data will be elaborated with descriptive explanations. Sound harmony is realized in the form of consonant and vowel sounds. Overall, several verses in Surah al-'Asr end in rhyme with the vowel /i/. while the vowel sounds contained in several of the words of the poem are the vowel /a/ with a total of 3 letters, the vowel /u/ with a total of 1 letter, and the vowel /i/ with a total of 4. The harmony of these sounds can also be felt by listeners when al- When the Qur'an is listened to, the harmonious and beautiful sounds of course give rise to psychological aspects for the listeners who read the verses. Furthermore, the harmony of sound also has an effect on the meaning produced. So that harmonious sounds produce beautiful and harmonious meanings

Initiating the EFL University Students' Critical Thinking in Oral Mode through Pragma-Stylistic Strategies

Critical Thinking (Hereafter, CT) significantly correlates to the EFL students' speaking ability; students with high critical thinking perform better than students with low critical thinking. Several strategies can be implemented for initiating CT in the classroom. One of them is using language style conveyed by the teachers. However, few studies concern about this pragma-stylistic usage in the teaching-learning process. Therefore, this current study aims to analyze (1) types of pragma-stylistics strategies used by teachers in initiating the EFL university students' CT in oral mode; (2) the ways teachers use pragma-stylistics strategies in initiating the EFL university students' CT in oral mode; and (3) the teachers' perception of the students' response towards initiating the CT in oral mode. Qualitative descriptive using Interview was conducted to collect the data. The result showed that teachers prefer using Assertive-Stating, Assertive-Suggesting, Directive-Advising and Prolepsis strategies to initiate students' CT in their speaking classroom. They implement those strategies through some activities during the class, such as giving stimulus (text, audio, and video) in a particular theme, conducting group discussions or speaking club, providing instructions or questions, and giving feedback. Besides, the teachers pointed out that most students positively respond to the strategies that they have utilized. The strategies effectively motivate and encourage the students to enhance their CT. Furthermore, this study suggests language teachers initiate their students' CT through the pragma-stylistic strategies mentioned. Finally, further researchers are expected to discuss the same field in more comprehensive scopes with different language skills.

Perplexity Games: Maoism vs. Literature through the Lens of Cognitive Stylometry

The arrival of large language models (LLMs) has provoked an urgent search for stylistic markers that could differentiate machine text from human text, but while the human-like appearance of machine text has captivated public attention, the reverse phenomenon—human text becoming machine-like—has raised much less concern. This conceptual lag is surprising given the ample historical evidence of state-backed attempts to regulate human thought. The present article proposes a new comparative framework, Perplexity Games, to leverage the predictive power of LLMs and compare the statistical properties of Maospeak, a language style that emerged during the Mao Zedong’s era in China (1949-1976), with the style of canonical modern Chinese writers, such as Eileen Chang (1920-1995) and Mo Yan (1955-). The low perplexity of Maospeak, as computed across different GPT models, suggests that the impact of ideologies on language can be compared to likelihood-maximization text-generation techniques which reduce the scope of valid sequence continuations. These findings have cognitive implications: whereas engineered languages such as Maospeak hijack the predictive mechanisms of human cognition by narrowing the space of linguistic possibilities, literature resists such cognitive constraints by dispersing the probability mass over multiple, equally valid paths. Exposure to diverse language data counters the influences of ideologies on our linguistically mediated perceptions of the world and increases the perplexity of our imaginations.

A Comparative Study of the English Versions of A Little Incident from the Perspective of Translator’s Subjectivity

In translation practice, the translator is not only one of the main subjects, but an indispensable factor. The translator’s subjectivity is mainly concerned with the translator’s subjective consciousness, which actually includes two aspects: the translator’s understanding of the original text and the choice of the target language in the translation process. Under the guidance of this theory, translation studies have shifted from the author-centered to the translator-centered, and scholars have turned their attention to the study of the translator’s subjectivity. From the perspective of translator’s subjectivity, this paper will make a comparative study of several versions. Combining the three characteristics of translator’s subjectivity, this paper studies the language style, cultural understanding and subjective initiative of different translators in different translations of A Little Incident, so as to bring readers aesthetic reading experience and feelings. In addition, the author will analyze the translation strategies, words and sentence patterns, such as positive and negative translation, addition translation and reduction translation, in order to show how the translator chooses the appropriate diction, then to the original understanding, perception, comprehensive use of close reading, analysis, interpretation, to achieve the credibility and elegance, to meet the ideological needs of readers. In a word, the translator should give full play to the translator’s subjectivity and make his own contribution to spreading Chinese culture and civilization on the premise of respecting the original text and author.

Customers’ online service encounter satisfaction with chatbots: interaction effects of language style and decision-making journey stage

PurposeThis study aims to examine the interaction effects of chatbots’ language style and customers’ decision-making journey stage on customer’s service encounter satisfaction and the mediating role of customer perception of emotional support and informational support using the construal level theory and social support theory as conceptual frameworks.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a scenario-based experiment with a 2 (chatbot’s language style: abstract language vs concrete language) × 2 (decision-making journey stage: informational stage vs transactional stage) between-subjects design.FindingsFindings show that during the informational stage, chatbots that use abstract language style exert a strong influence on service encounter satisfaction through emotional support. During the transactional stage, chatbots that use concrete language style exert a strong impact on service encounter satisfaction through informational support.Practical implicationsFindings provide some suggestions for improving customer–chatbot interaction quality during online service encounters.Originality/valueThis study offers a novel perspective on customer interaction experience with chatbots by investigating the chatbot’s language styles at different decision-making journey stages.

The role of publicistic style in press

The publicistic style of language became discernible as a separate style in the middle of the 18th century, ll falls into three varieties, each having its own distinctive features. Unlike other styles, the publicistic style has spoken varieties, in particular, the oratorical substyle. The development of radio and television has brought into being another new spoken variety, namely, the radio and TV commentary.

Gaya Bahasa pada Teks Cerita Fantasi Karya Siswa Kelas VII SMPN 3 Lubuk Basung

. In the digital era, access to information through various media has rapidly expanded. Studies indicate that students often encounter difficulties in writing, particularly in expressing ideas, developing sentences, and using correct spelling. This research, conducted among seventh-grade students at SMPN 3 Lubuk Basung, aims to assess the effectiveness of using information technology in teaching writing, analyze the role of language styles in enhancing students' writing skills, and develop innovative teaching methods integrating technology and various language styles to improve students' writing skills. The study employs a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. It reveals that the simile style of language is the most dominant, with 15 citations, followed by personification and metaphor with 6 citations each. Repetition and hyperbole styles appear less frequently, with 5 citations each. These findings demonstrate students' understanding of various language styles, with simile being the most commonly used, followed by repetition and hyperbole. The implications underscore the importance of deeper literary education in schools to encourage students to use language styles in their writing, especially in fantasy stories, and to reinforce proper grammar. Hence, further research is necessary for the development of literary education in schools with greater enthusiasm.

Diksi, Gaya Bahasa, dan Citraan dalam Cerkak Pacarku Aneh Karya Lina Maisaroh (Kajian Stilistika)

This study discusses diction, language style, and imagery in a story entitled “Pacarku Aneh” by Lina Maisaroh. The theory used is a stylistic study. The purpose of this study is to: describe the diction, style, and imagery contained in the cerkak. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method, with the analysis technique carried out as reading and understanding the contents of the ingenuity. The research data is in the form of a short text sourced from the kompasiana web published in 2021 with the theme of love. The data collection technique used is a reading and recording technique. Data analysis techniques use interactive descriptive techniques that include data reduction, data classification, and conclusion. The result of this study is in a story entitled My Strange Boyfriend by Lina Maisaroh using denotative diction, connotative diction, auditory imagery, visual imagery, motion imagery, allegory language style, and affirmative language style.

Analisis Stilistika dalam Lagu Jawa Widodari Karya Denny Caknan

The song Widodari is a song that uses the dangdut genre and is sung by Denny Caknan using the Javanese language. An interesting thing to study further is the use of diction, namely by looking at the style of language used. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diction contained in the lyrics of the song Denny Caknan. Stylistic studies are directed to discuss the content of literary works. In general, regulating stylistic studies includes diction or word choice (lexical choice), sentence structure, figure of speech, partnership, rhyme patterns, and dimensions used for authors or available in literary works. This study aims to analyze the use of diction and themes contained in Denny Caknan's Dangdut Song Lyrics. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method because the object is the text of the Song Lyrics. Data was taken from 1 album by random sampling and was considered representative. The theory used in this research is stylistic. The stylistic theory is used to see aesthetic beauty in song lyrics. The end of this research is the result of the data analysis presentation. The presentation of the results of the data analysis begins with the presentation of the diction on the data source contained in the lyrics of the song Denny Caknan. Then proceed with an explanation of the theme of the lyrics. The results of the research found are diction and themes in the Widodari song which was popularized by Denny Caknan.

Kajian Stilistika dalam "Kidung Ati Tangise Bumi" Karya Yadhy S

The purpose of doing this writing is to examine the style of language which includes diction, imagery, typography, and also figure of speech used in a literary work in the form of Kidung Ati Tangise Bumi by Yadhy S. Due to the purpose of writing which leads to the use of language style, the scalpel The method used to study this literary work is to use a stylistic scalpel. The method used to support this writing is a qualitative descriptive method which is carried out by collecting physical evidence in the form of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences in Kidung Ati Tangise Bumi which are suspected of having links with the scope of use of diction, imagery, typography, and figure of speech. . The results of the research that have been carried out show that this song contains the use of language styles in the form of diction, imagery, figure of speech, and typography which gives its own beauty value in describing a situation.

CODE MIXING USED BY ONE-PIECE ANIME LOVERS ON SOCIAL MEDIA COMMENTS

Code mixing is a common practice in communication both in formal or informal situations. The use of code mixing is not only limited to everyday oral conversations, nowadays, code mixing can also be found in posts of comments on social media. The study analyses the code mixing used by One Piece anime lovers on social media. This is a descriptive quantitative study gathered data from the comments uploaded by the anime lovers on social media namely YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok. The data gathered were analysed by using Muysken’s theory (2000) for the types of code-mixing and Hoffman’s theory (1991) for the reasons of code mixing. The results showed that in the One-Piece anime lovers’ community on social media, the most dominant type of code mixing used is insertion and the reasons for using code mixing are to talk about particular topic and creating familiar interactions in conversations only. Social factors that influence the use of code mixing include fan age demographics, trends, and language style. In addition, code mixing is also used to facilitate the understanding of a word context.

Is cute AI more forgivable? The impact of informal language styles and relationship norms of conversational agents on service recovery

Conversational agents are increasingly handling a significant volume of service interactions and are projected to handle up to 95% of customer service interactions. However, like any service provider, conversational agents are not immune to service failures, which can result in negative customer experiences. Within the context of interactions between conversational agents and consumers, the informal linguistic strategies employed by conversational agents have been recognized as vital in recovering customer satisfaction after service failures. Nevertheless, research on how these linguistic strategies impact customer responses following service failures is still in its early stages. This study delves into the informal language styles used by conversational agents after service failures, examining the comparative effects of cute language styles (as informal language styles) and literal language styles (as formal language styles) on service recovery. Drawing upon the mind perception theory and the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model, this research also unveils the underlying dynamics of whimsical and kindchenschema cuteness on customers’ forgiveness, along with literal language styles, in the context of service recovery. Furthermore, this study investigates the moderating influence of exchange and communal relationships, taking into account the boundary effects of relationship norms. To explore these hypotheses, three experiments were conducted. The findings of this research offer valuable theoretical insights and practical implications for designing linguistic strategies employed by conversational agents.