Stunting In Toddlers Research Articles

Nutritional Status Classification Of Stunting In Toddlers Using Naive Bayes Classifier Method

Stunting in toddlers is one of the prevalent issues of malnutrition in Indonesia. The causes of Stunting are diverse, and one contributing factor is the insufficient nutritional intake required for toddlers. The categorization of Stunting nutritional status in toddlers is crucial to identify those experiencing Stunting, enabling appropriate interventions to prevent more serious health problems in the future. This research aims to develop a classification model for short nutritional status in toddlers using the Naive Bayes Classifier method. The data utilized in this study originate from anthropometric measurements of toddlers in the Malebo area, Kandangan, Temanggung, Central Java. The anthropometric data include weight, height, and age of the toddlers. This data is then processed using the Naive Bayes Classifier method to classify the nutritional status of Stunting in toddlers. The results of this research are expected to assist in identifying toddlers experiencing Stunting, facilitating appropriate interventions to prevent more serious health issues in the future. Additionally, the Naive Bayes Classifier method employed can be applied in similar studies to enhance the quality of life, especially for children in Indonesia, particularly in the Malebo area, Kandangan, Temanggung, Central Java.

Faktor- Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Indonesia Tahun 2024

Stunting caused by malnutrition during the growth and development process has a higher risk of illness and death in adulthood, so it can hamper motor skills and reduce the level of productivity and competitiveness of a nation (Rahmadhita, 2020). National nutritional status survey data (SSGI) in 2022, the prevalence of stunting was 21.6%. The target stunting rate in Indonesia is 14% in 2024 and the WHO standard target is below 20%, therefore how important it is to handle stunting in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to determine the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in toddlers. The method in this research is a full text critical review in Indonesian. Articles were selected in stages using the appraisal tool preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analyzes (PRISMA), then duplicate filtering was carried out, screening was carried out based on title and abstract, full text, feasibility studies and until the final stage 11 articles were found that met the inclusion and study criteria. appropriateness. The results of this research show that the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in toddlers are exclusive breastfeeding, low birth weight, infectious diseases, mother's height, mother's education, family income, and nutritional status of pregnant women.

Exclusive breastfeeding in preventing stunting in toddlers

Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of a baby's life has been shown to have many health benefits, and one of them is that it can help prevent stunting in toddlers. Stunting is when a child's physical growth and brain development are hampered due to chronic malnutrition, especially protein, energy, and other essential nutrients.
 Objective: Know the role of exclusive breastfeeding in preventing stunting in toddlers.
 Methods: Type of quantitative analytical research with a case-control design using a retrospective approach. The population in this study was mothers who had toddlers aged 12–60 months, while the determination of subjects was based on simple random sampling techniques. The inclusion criteria were mothers with stunting toddlers aged 12–60 months and mothers willing to be respondents. The exclusion criteria are toddlers who suffer from chronic diseases and have a history of premature birth. The subjects in this study were 70 toddlers, consisting of 35 stunting toddlers as an intervention group and 35 non-stunting toddlers as controls.
 Results showed that toddlers who were exclusively breastfed and stunted were 15 (42.9%), while toddlers who were not exclusively breastfed and stunted were 20 (57.1%). Bivariate analysis showed an association between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting (p-value 0.030).
 Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding can prevent stunting in toddlers. Exclusive breastfeeding can make a significant contribution to stunting prevention; other factors such as public health, sanitation, and access to nutrition also play an important role. Therefore, a holistic approach must be applied to support children's growth and development

The Relationship of Body Weight, Exclusive Breastfeeding, MP-ASI and Energy Intake with Stunting in Toddlers

The incidence of stunting in toddlers is a global nutritional problem. Stunting causes delays in fine motor and gross motor development, increases morbidity and mortality rates, and increases the risk of metabolic disorders in adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between body weight, exclusive breastfeeding, MP-ASI (weaning foods) and energy intake with stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months. This research is descriptive analytical with a cross sectional design. The sample consisted of 92 participants selected using simple random sampling technique. Data collected with body weight measurements for birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding and MP-ASI questionnaires, energy intake calculate using daily energy requirements calculator, and stunting incidence questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-square test (P<0.05). The results of the study explain that there is a relationship between body weight (p=0.000), exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.003), MP-ASI (p=0.004) and energy intake (p=0.000) with the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24–59 months. The research conclusion is that there is a relationship between body weight, exclusive breastfeeding, complementary foods and energy intake with the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months.

Empowerment Posyandu cadres in the transfer of spinach-based technology for early stunting prevention

The issue of nutritional health among toddlers has become a concern for the Indonesian government. The aim of this initiative is twofold: firstly, to prevent and early detect stunting in toddlers by leveraging local food resources through spinach-based technology, and secondly, to enhance the skills of Posyandu health cadres in spinach-based technology and improve their knowledge on stunting prevention. The service team will provide health education on stunting prevention using lecture and discussion methods and conduct anthropometric measurements. Practical or demonstration methods will be used to make cakes and jelly candies. The next stage is evaluation. Findings from the community empowerment evaluation show that health cadres are able to make jelly candy and spinach biscuits. The level of knowledge and skills of cadres on early stunting prevention and anthropometric measurements increased compared to before community empowerment. The evaluation results for knowledge and skill levels after training were 79.4 versus 66.5 before training. Paired t-test analysis found that the p-value was 0.002, so it was concluded that there was a significant increase in knowledge and skills scores in transferring spinach technology before and after training.

GSEM analysis of environmental factors as the risk of increasing infectious diseases in under-fives to stunting incidence in Solok district

Environment is one of the factors in causing stunting in toddlers. An unhealthy environment can increase the risk of infection for toddlers. Infectious diseases caused by poor hygiene and sanitation can interfere with the absorption of nutrients in the digestive process. Some infectious diseases suffered by babies can cause the baby to lose weight. If this condition occurs for a long time and is not accompanied by sufficient intake for the healing process, it can result in stunting (Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, 2018). When children grow up in an environment with poor sanitation, their risk of getting sick is greater and the possibility of recurrence is also high, this is what causes their growth to be stunted. This research is a quantitative study using a cross sectional study design. This study was conducted to determine environmental factors as a risk in increasing infectious diseases in toddlers against the incidence of stunting in Solok Regency. The population in this study were all mothers who had children under five with stunting in Solok Regency with 200 samples using the Simple Random Sampling (SRS) method for each country according to the needs of this study. The prevalence of stunting in Solok Regency is 82%, with many infectious diseases, namely diarrheal diseases of 57.5%. Environmental factors are still lacking with the availability of healthy latrines at 31%, 23.5% good wastewater treatment, and 35.5% good waste management. Based on the results of the GSEM analysis, it was found that infectious diseases were a direct factor in the incidence of stunting, parenting, diet, and environment were indirect factors for the incidence of stunting.

PEMBERIAN EDUKASI TENTANG PROSES LAKTASI IBU MENYUSUI PADA KADER POSYANDU SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN STUNTING

Breast milk is the perfect and best food because it contains the nutritional elements needed for the optimal growth and development of babies. Breastfeeding is an important component in efforts to prevent stunting in toddlers. The prevalence of stunting in Karawang Regency in 2021 was 20.6%, in 2022 and only decreased to 12.9% in 2023. Several reasons, including a lack of understanding about the lactation or breastfeeding process cause mothers who do not provide exclusive breastfeeding. Posyandu cadres are one of the drivers of improving maternal and child health. Therefore, community service has been carried out in the form of cadre training through providing education about the lactation process and lactation management practices in Cadaskertajaya Village, Telagasari District, Karawang Regency to prevent stunting. The result was an increase in respondents' knowledge after receiving education. So it will be useful for cadres to increase the knowledge of breastfeeding mothers to increase the success of mothers providing exclusive breastfeeding.

ANALYSIS RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION MANAGEMENT STUNTING

Background: Stunting is a condition where there is failure to grow in children under five years old (babies under five years) caused by chronic malnutrition so that the child is too short for his age. Short (stunted) toddlers are influenced by many factors such as Low birth weight (LBW), exclusive breastfeeding, infectious diseases, and completeness of basic immunization.
 Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors for stunting in toddlers aged 24 months-60 months at the Mandai Community Health Center, Maros Regency in 2023.
 Method: The type of research used was observational with an analytical research type in the case control study approach, namely remotely analyzing subjects in the form of 68 cases identified as stunting and comparing them with a control group of 68 who did not experience stunting. Data were processed and analyzed using the Odds Ratio (OR) test in the SPSS program.
 Result: The results of this study show that there is an OR value for birth weight of 22.50, an OR value for exclusive breastfeeding of 17.05, an OR value for infectious diseases of 12.90, and completeness of basic immunization of 18.85. 
 Conclusion: From the above data it is concluded that Weight Birth of babies, exclusive breastfeeding, infectious diseases and completeness of basic immunization are risk factors for the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the working area of ​​the Mandai Community Health Center, Maros Regency .
 

PEMBERDAYAAN KADER KESEHATAN DAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENANGANAN DAN PENCEGAHAN STUNTING PADA 1.000 HARI PERTAMA KEHIDUPAN

The problems in Gampong Jambo Mesjid are the high rate of Stunting, namely 23 people, lack of public knowledge about nutritious food at the first 1000 days, feeding methods and eating patterns, low support and awareness of husbands and families in improving the nutritional status of toddlers, low community income, factors food taboos where certain nutritious foods cannot be consumed by children under five, low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding, lack of awareness in handling stunting in toddlers, and lack of awareness of preventing stunting in toddlers. This community service activity aimed to increase the knowledge of cadres and the community in handling and preventing stunting in the first 1000 days of life. The method of implementing this activity is in the form of training and counseling on providing nutritious food to the first-1000-days, feeding methods and eating patterns, practice of providing additional food that is age appropriate. The results achieved from this activity are increasing the knowledge and skills of cadres and the community in handling stunting, increasing body endurance, optimal growth and development, increasing quality human resources towards a stunting-free Lhokseumawe City.

Hubungan Faktor Sanitasi, Ibu, dan Ekonomi Keluarga dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Puskesmas Sungai Tering Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur

Stunting can be caused by direct and indirect factors. The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the working area of the Sungai Tering Public Health Center, East Tanjung Jabung Regency.The type of the research is cross sectional study. Data was collected in the working area of the Sungai Tering Community Health Center, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, with a total sample of 157 toddlers aged 24-59 months. The variables studied are environmental sanitation, maternal, and family economy factor. Stunting was measured by TB/U (Height-for-age) < -2 SD, Chi-Square analysis and logistic regression.The proportion of stunting under five is 26.1%. There is a relationship between enviromental sanitation that is house conditions, mother factor that are knowledge and parity with stunting. There is no correlation between economics factor with stunting. The dominant factor is the age of the mother during pregnancy who was relatively young (<20 years) (POR 6.04; 95% CI 0.77-47.19) after controlling for the variables of clean water facilities, house conditions, mother's knowledge, age of first mother married, parity , spacing of pregnancies, and family income. Maternal age during pregnancy <20 is the dominant factor causing the risk of stunting. It is recommended that people avoid early marriage and if it has already happened, it is best to postpone pregnancy with contraception until the ideal gestational age is > 20 - < 35 years.

Analisa Pemberian Asupan Protein Dan Asupan Zinc Pada Balita Stunting

Background: Stunting is a chronic malnutrition condition caused by insufficient nutritional intake over a long period of time due to feeding that is not in accordance with nutritional needs. The incidence of stunting is influenced by several factors, one of which is nutritional intake. Providing insufficient nutritional intake can increase the risk of stunting in toddlers. Research Objective: To determine the description of protein intake and zinc intake in toddlers with the incidence of stunting. Research Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design. In this study using the sampling technique Total Sampling with a sample size of 45 mothers who have toddlers with stunting incidence. Data collection using Food Recall and Microtoise questionnaires.Research Results: Based on the results of the study, it was found that almost all toddlers with stunting had insufficient protein consumption while for zinc intake itself all toddlers with stunting had insufficient zinc consumption.

Penyuluhan ASI Eksklusif Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Usia Balita (1 - 5 Tahun) Di Desa Kalikoa Kecamatan Kedawung Kabupaten Cirebon

This service aims to provide education regarding knowledge and understanding about exclusive breastfeeding which is linked to the incidence of stunting in toddlers. Exclusive breast milk is the best food for babies. Exclusive breastfeeding provides benefits to both mother and baby. The advantage of exclusive breastfeeding is that it creates a bond of love between the mother and baby. The benefits of breast milk, apart from improving optimal health and intelligence, breast milk also have a good impact on children's emotions, spiritual maturity, and good social development. Based on the results of the health education that has been carried out, the evaluation obtained is that all mothers who have children under five in Kalikoa Village, Tengah Tani District, Cirebon Regency have attended health education and are able to: state the meaning of exclusive breastfeeding, mention the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, explain the pattern of giving exclusive breast milk, state understanding and causes of stunting, explaining the meaning of toddlers, explaining preventing stunting in toddlers, analyzing the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in toddlers, implementing the knowledge gained in everyday life.

PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS MEDIA VIDEO ANIMASI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PROTEIN HEWAN UNTUK MENCEGAH BALITA STUNTING

Stunting cases in Girimukti village, North Sumedang sub-district, were 75 stunted toddlers (16.74%). Stunting in toddlers can be caused by the mother of toddlers having inadequate knowledge about feeding toddlers. One indirect factor that influences the incidence of stunting in children under five is the nutritional knowledge of mothers of toddlers.The study aimed to determine the effect of animated video media-based education on mothers' knowledge about food sources of animal protein to prevent stunting in toddlers. This study used a pre-experimental design and one group pre-test and post-test design. The research was conducted in July 2023, in Girimukti Village. The total sample was 46 mothers under five, consisting of 22 mothers with children under five with normal nutritional status and 24 mothers with children under five with stunting who lived in Girimukti Village. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used a knowledge questionnaire tested for validity and reliability and educational media in the form of animated videos and power points. The bivariate analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The result showed an increase in the average knowledge of mothers after being exposed to education using video-animated media; the average value of mother's knowledge during the pre-test was 70.24, and post-test was 79.04. The Wilcoxon signed rank test result is p-value<0.001 (p ≤ 0.05). The study concluded that there was an effect of video media-based education on increasing mother's knowledge about food sources of animal protein to prevent stunting in toddlers. Video-based media can be considered for use by health workers in nutrition education activities.

Hubungan Pola Asuh Pemberian Makan Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita

Introduction: Stunting is a condition of the results of measuring the height of children <-2 based on a z-score or below the median standard of height growth against the age of WHO. The incidence of stunting is one of the nutritional problems that has an impact on inhibiting mental growth. One of the factors that causes stunting toddlers is the lack of nutritional intake in children who are very dependent on parents in feeding care. The purpose of this research is to see the relationship between feeding parenting and stunting in toddlers so that parents, especially mothers, can know the importance of maintaining feeding parenting so that children's nutritional intake is met and avoid stunting. Methods: Stunting is a condition of the results of measuring the height of children <-2 based on a z-score or below the median standard of height growth against the age of WHO. The incidence of stunting is one of the nutritional problems that has an impact on inhibiting mental growth. One of the factors that cause stunting toddlers is the lack of nutritional intake in children who are very dependent on parents in feeding care. Results: The data was obtained based on an analysis of 10 selected articles that showed that feeding parenting had a significant relationship with stunting in toddlers as evidenced by a p < 0,005 value. Discussion: Stunting is a condition of the results of measuring the height of children <-2 based on a z-score or below the median standard of height growth against the age of WHO. The incidence of stunting is one of the nutritional problems that has an impact on inhibiting mental growth. One of the factors that cause stunting toddlers is the lack of nutritional intake in children who are very dependent on parents in feeding care.

The Association of Family Income, Birth Length, and Energy Intake with The Incidence of Stunting in Cibungbulang Sub-District

Stunting is a developmental disorder in toddlers characterized by H/A index z-score of less than -2SD. Based on the results of SSGI 2022, the prevalence of stunting among toddlers in Bogor Regency reached 24.9 percent. This study aimed to determine the relationship between family income, birth length, and energy intake with the incidence of stunting among toddlers in Cibungbulang District. The sample was 151 toddlers aged 24 – 59 months who were selected by systematic random sampling. Intake data were collected with 24-hour food recall, stunting by measuring heights, and other data were collected by interview using questionnaires. Most of the toddlers were male (57.6%) with fathers aged >35 year (58.3%) and graduated from senior high school (34,4%) and mothers aged 21 – 35 years (70.2%) with high school diploma or its equivalent (34.4%). Most of the children-under-five had families with income below the regional minimum wage (88.1%), normal birth length (80.8%), adequate and excessive energy intake (53.6%). A total of 41.7 percent of toddlers were stunted. There were significant relationships between family income (p=0.022), birth length (p=0.040), and energy intake (p=0.040) with the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p<0.05). It can be concluded that family income, birth length, and energy intake are related to the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24 – 59 months in Cibungbulang District. Maternal nutrition intake needs to be monitored carefully during pregnancy and home food gardening program should be promoted to increase food availability and income thus ensuring optimal children development.

EDUKASI GIZI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN BALITA STUNTING DI KELURAHAN MUJA MUJU TAHUN 2023

ABSTRACK Yesterday's Covid-19 pandemic caused an increased risk of stunting prevalence in toddlers. One of the efforts that can be made to prevent stunting is through continuous education. The purpose of this community service activity (PKM) is to increase the knowledge and attitudes of posyandu cadres regarding the message of balanced nutrition which is carried out through outreach to the community in Muja Muju Village, Yogyakarta City District. The method used in this PKM activity is through socialization by conveying education to the community with, 4 (four) pillars of balanced nutrition which includes 1) consumption of a variety of foods, 2) Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS), 3) weight monitoring , and 4) physical activity. Messages were given to 17 posyandu cadres from the Muja Muju Village. The educational results showed that there was an increase in the average knowledge score regarding balanced nutrition related to the prevention of stunting in toddlers from 77.52 ± 10.82 SD during the pre-test to 82.19 ± 9.93 SD during the posttest. In addition, the average attitude score also increased from 40.21 ± 6.67 SD to 44.48 ± 5.44 SD. Posyandu cadres are expected to become agents of change in stunting prevention behavior through educating parents of toddlers to prevent stunting.

Factors Influencing the Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers in Sukamaju Village, Kadudampit Health Center Working Area, Sukabumi District

Aims: This study was to determine the effect of immunization, economic status, maternal motivation, and family support on the incidence of stunting in toddlers. Methods: The study involved 223 toddlers in Sukamaju Village, Kadudampit Health Center Working Area, Sukabumi Regency, with data collected through questionnaires and analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods, passing an ethical review. Results: There is a significant effect of immunization on the incidence of stunting (p-value, 0.031), economic status on the incidence of stunting (p-value, 0.000), maternal motivation on the incidence of stunting (p-value, 0.000), family support on the incidence of stunting (p-value, 0.000). Conclusion: There is an effect of immunization, economic status, maternal motivation, and family support on the incidence of stunting in toddlers.

Prediction Stunting Analysis Using Random Forest Algorithm and Random Search Optimization

Stunting is a nutritional problem experienced by toddlers, characterized by a height below the average. This condition arises due to various factors, one of which is the nutritional issues faced by toddlers. Stunting cases in Indonesia are relatively high, reaching 21.6% in 2022, indicating a significant prevalence of stunting. The identification of stunting is carried out through a data mining approach, deemed more efficient. However, the classification algorithm in data mining often encounters data imbalance, leading to low accuracy and inaccurate prediction results. To address this, the study employs the Random Forest algorithm with optimization using the random search method. The test results demonstrate that Random Forest achieves a relatively high accuracy of 90.7%. After optimization using random search, accuracy further increases to 96.33%. The combination of the algorithm and optimization proves to be highly effective, resulting in a 5.63% increase in accuracy. These findings hold crucial implications in supporting decisions for preventing stunting in toddlers. This research serves as a valuable source of information for the Health sector in identifying and implementing more effective strategies for stunting prevention. The use of the Random Forest algorithm optimized with random search proves to be an efficient solution in addressing data imbalance

Parenting and Maternal Knowledge Factors on the Incidence Of Stunting in Toddlers in Bonto Salama Village, West Sinjai

Parenting and Maternal Knowledge Factors on the Incidence Of Stunting in Toddlers in Bonto Salama Village, West Sinjai

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Lingkungan Dalam Penurunan Angka Stunting di Wilayah Kepulauan Semiringkai

Stunting is a serious health issue because it has short-term and long-term impacts on public health. NTT Province is the province with the highest stunting cases in Indonesia. Baadale Village, which is in the Rote Ndao Regency, NTT, is also not immune from the problem of stunting in toddlers and targets to be stunting-free by 2023. The problems found are the lack of knowledge of pregnant women and mothers of toddlers regarding environmental sanitation, inconsistent implementation of environmental sanitation and clean and healthy living behavior, poor parenting patterns for toddlers, and limited knowledge and practice of serving varied food menus in improving toddler nutrition. This community service activity is carried out to increase the knowledge and abilities of mothers of children under five years old regarding implementing environmental sanitation, parenting patterns, and serving a variety of food menus to reduce stunting rates. The activities include health education and providing animal protein assistance. The activity results showed an increase in knowledge of 60% in pregnant women and mothers of toddlers after the counseling. Participants were also willing to apply and pass on the knowledge gained to other pregnant women and mothers of toddlers in Baadale Village. Continuous assistance and education need to be carried out to continue to encourage the will and ability of the community, especially pregnant women and mothers of toddlers, to maintain a healthy environment and implement good parenting patterns in terms of feeding, health care, and personal hygiene for children under five years old.