Tourism Studies Research Articles

The bi-directional relationship between community-oriented factors and residents’ emotional solidarity with tourists

PropósitoEste estudio pretende comprender la relación bidireccional entre los factores orientados a la comunidad percibidos por los residentes y la solidaridad emocional de éstos con los turistas. Compara las influencias mutuas entre la relación persona-lugar y la relación residente-turista.Diseño/metodología/enfoqueSe construyó un modelo de investigación con dos flechas, que presenta dos conjuntos de hipótesis de investigación. La hipótesis A formaliza el efecto de los factores orientados a la comunidad sobre la solidaridad emocional, mientras que la hipótesis B formaliza el efecto de la solidaridad emocional sobre los factores orientados a la comunidad. Mediante un muestreo sistemático, este estudio recibió 462 cuestionarios válidos en Macao. Estas muestras se utilizaron en el análisis factorial de confirmación y en el análisis de regresión múltiple por pasos.Conclusionesen la influencia unidireccional de los factores orientados a la comunidad sobre la solidaridad emocional, el apego a la comunidad, el compromiso y la implicación de los residentes tienen el mayor efecto, respectivamente, sobre su carácter acogedor, su comprensión y su cercanía emocional a los turistas. En la influencia unidireccional de la solidaridad emocional sobre los factores orientados a la comunidad, el carácter acogedor de los residentes hacia los turistas tiene el mayor impacto sobre el apego y el compromiso comunitarios, mientras que la cercanía emocional de los residentes tiene el mayor impacto sobre la implicación comunitaria. Además, el impacto de los factores orientados a la comunidad en la solidaridad emocional tiene mayor poder explicativo que el impacto de la solidaridad emocional en los factores orientados a la comunidad.Originalidad/valorA diferencia de la mayoría de los estudios turísticos sobre las perspectivas de los residentes que sólo se centran en la influencia unidireccional, este estudio sugiere un enfoque bidireccional que ayuda a los investigadores a seguir construyendo modelos complejos para explicar mejor las complejas relaciones entre lugares, residentes y turistas. Además, este estudio contribuye a la investigación turística sobre la solidaridad emocional aclarando el papel flexible de los factores orientados a la comunidad en la solidaridad emocional de los residentes.

The management of rural tourism in Barru Regency from a supply and demand perspective

There is limited literature on the study of rural tourism, particularly related to supply and demand. This study aims to (1) identify the supply and demand aspects of rural tourism, (2) describe the concept of rural tourism based on supply and demand data. This research employs a qualitative approach in examining rural tourism in Paccekke Village, Barru Regency, for six months in the period from April to September 2021. The authors collected information through interviews with the local community and authority of Paccekke Tourism Village and direct observation. The study reveals that local communities and village officials have the opportunity to manage and develop villages through the concept of rural tourism. There are three types of supply: existing potential supply, supply of tour packages, and alternative tourism supply. This paper divides the demand for rural tourism into two parts, including products that can meet the tourists’ needs and prepared and managed rural tourism products. This study concludes that rural tourism can be realised by combining the concepts of supply and demand. This study contributes to the management and development of the village through the concept of rural tourism. This research strengthens the theory/concept of supply and demand in examining the reality of rural tourism development.

Residents’ emotional responses to tourism development in Saudi Arabia

Diseño/metodología/enfoque (límite 100 palabras)Este estudio utiliza métodos cualitativos a partir de entrevistas dirigidas a residentes. Se recogieron datos de 38 individuos del municipio de Al-Juhfa (Arabia Saudí). Se utilizó un análisis de contenido de los datos recogidos.Propósito (límite 100 palabras)Esta investigación explora las respuestas emocionales de los residentes ante el desarrollo del turismo y cómo la pérdida o ganancia de recursos prevista afecta a sus actitudes y acciones. El estudio amplía la teoría de la conservación de recursos (COR) utilizando la teoría de la valoración cognitiva (CA) para explicar por qué los residentes de este municipio de Arabia Saudí se estresan y experimentan emociones negativas debido al desarrollo turístico y cómo responden y lo afrontan.Conclusiones (límite 100 palabras)Los resultados indican que los residentes que percibían que podían perder recursos (tierras, casas, patrimonio, valores socioculturales e islámicos y oportunidades de empleo e inversión) debido al desarrollo turístico tenían emociones y actitudes negativas hacia el desarrollo turístico. Esto llevó a un grupo de residentes a resistirse al desarrollo y a no permitir la entrada de turistas en el pueblo. Sin conocimientos y habilidades turísticas, los residentes temen perder el control de sus recursos. La religiosidad fue un factor que ayudó a sobrellevar las emociones negativas, y otras acciones de afrontamiento incluyeron aceptar el desplazamiento con compensación, permitir la entrada de trabajadores extranjeros al pueblo con condiciones y aceptar el desarrollo con su participación.Limitaciones/implicaciones de la investigación (límite 100 palabras)Las limitaciones del presente estudio son que los datos se recopilaron durante el brote de COVID-19, cuando los residentes estaban muy ansiosos y seguían sintiendo miedo; estos sentimientos podrían haber influido en las respuestas. En segundo lugar, los datos se recopilaron mediante encuestas impresas con preguntas cerradas y abiertas. Por tanto, estos datos podrían ser limitados, ya que el tema y las preguntas eran políticamente sensibles y los informantes podrían no haber expresado completamente sus sentimientos, dando en su lugar respuestas diplomáticas. En consecuencia, la investigación debería repetirse en contextos diferentes con datos cualitativos utilizando técnicas cara a cara.Implicaciones prácticas (límite 100 palabras)En primer lugar, a los residentes les preocupa perder sus recursos, como terrenos, viviendas y patrimonio. El desarrollo no puede tener éxito sin la participación y el apoyo de la comunidad local. Por ello, el gobierno debe ayudarles a permanecer en su pueblo ofreciéndoles un permiso oficial (sukuk) para conservar sus tierras y casas. En segundo lugar, el gobierno puede abrir nuevas zonas residenciales y construir viviendas para los residentes dentro de la aldea actual, sobre todo teniendo en cuenta que la aldea tiene pocos habitantes. Las zonas residenciales, como un complejo con servicios completos, pueden diseñarse como parte de las atracciones turísticas de Al-Juhfa.Implicaciones sociales (límite 100 palabras)Las dos teorías de COR y CA se desarrollaron en el contexto occidental y se utilizaron en estudios turísticos por separado en otros contextos, especialmente en CA. Sin embargo, en esta investigación, éste es el primer estudio que utiliza las dos teorías en un estudio para explorar las emociones de los residentes hacia el desarrollo turístico. Ambas teorías explican el proceso de las emociones de los residentes hacia el impacto del turismo y las reacciones emocionales negativas a las amenazas percibidas y el estrés resultante y cómo los residentes hacen frente a estas emociones. Sin embargo, en el contexto de Al-Juhfa como comunidad conservadora, estas dos teorías no son los únicos factores que explican la respuesta emocional y la actitud de los residentes, ya que la religiosidad de los residentes y su creencia en Alá es también un determinante importante que explica sus emociones y actitud hacia el impacto del turismo en su pueblo y comunidad.

The development of tourism in the Historical Silver Mine and the groundwater management system in Tarnowskie Góry - a case study of mining heritage tourism

This article presents the values of the Silesian mining heritage in the context of accessibility of the Zabytkowa Kopalnia Srebra (Historical Silver Mine) in the Tarnowskie Góry. Simultaneously, this is the largest, best-preserved and accessible historicallead-silver mine in Poland with its unique, integrated historical groundwater management system of drainage adits and a potable water supply network. In this area, industrial heritage is now becoming a precious touristic and cultural value in and of itself. The scope of the article includes the characterization of all objects added to the UNESCO World Heritage List, the description of ground and underground tourist trails and the history of their accessibility. Not all underground workings have been included into the tourist trail, due to their preservation conditions, accessibility and mine safety measures. The paper also presentsa multi-faceted evaluation of the accessibility to all objects of mining heritage, including sites that are currently inaccessible, but still have the potential for tourism development.

Softly enhancing political legitimacy via Red Tourism

ABSTRACT Political legitimacy-building and tourism studies help to explain how and why China’s governing regime advanced Red Tourism to justify and reinforce its governance and legitimacy. A historical analysis of multilevel Chinese sources shows that the expressivity and value-ladenness that characterize visits to select historical sites permit governing regimes to softly augment their political legitimacy via political identity formation, political meaning framing, and nationalistic mobilization.

Impact of Literature for Indonesian Sustainable Tourism

Literature plays an important role in promoting sustainable tourism. Depicting the uniqueness of its culture and society with all the surroundings where literature grows, develops, and impacts. Literary Tourism established the relationship between literature and tourism where it illustrates a form of travel that occupy under the types of tourism, describing an instrument designed for the conservational purposes of specific category of cultural heritage such as the current case objectives, locations, events related to different aspects of literature. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the impact of literature for sustainable tourism in Indonesia. The method is used is exploratory qualitative research where it identifies existent resources of literature to foster Indonesian sustainable tourism through utilizing literature from various sources including media, website to obtain data related to literature, tourism, and tourist attraction. This paper offers an interdiciplinary approach that combines literary studies and tourism studies and the strong relation between literature and sustainable tourism and vice versa.

Enhancing Literature Review and Understanding Under Global Pandemic.

As the continuous public health crisis, the communicable diseases of COVID-19, OMI and Monkeybox fallout are striking parallels to the whole world. The scope and duration of these disasters are unprecedented. The tourism industry has become one of the hit hardest industries, and research on tourism risks and safety of public health are more of big concerns in recent years. In this study, 751 SSCI articles on risk and tourism from 2008 to 2022 were selected through literature retrieval using the Web of Science core collection database, and visual analysis was performed using CiteSpace to show the knowledge evolution process, research hotspots and future trends in this field. The analysis results show that there has been an overall upward trend in the number of research studies on risk and tourism in the past 15 years. Secondly, there is an international trend toward cooperation between scholars. The main cooperation network centers are Australia, England, the United States and China. In addition, there are seven main clusters of research topics in the field of risk and tourism. Finally, the change of research hotspots is also closely related to catastrophic events. After the outbreak of the COVID-19, public health and the recovery of the tourism industry has attracted more and more scholars' attention. By examining and analyzing the research content of risk, public health and tourism studies over the past 15 years, this study provides suggestions for the risk management of tourism and tries to predict the new development trend of tourism in the post-COVID-19 era.

Stuck with Tourism: Space, Power, and Labor in Contemporary Yucatán

Stuck with Tourism: Space, Power, and Labor in Contemporary Yucatán

관광 연구에서 질적 연구의 방향성 탐색

The qualitative approach encompasses a wide range of methodological viewpoints; consequently, the levels of study conducted vary. This study analyzes qualitative studies in tourism at the methdological level in order to contribute to a better understanding of qualitative research. On papers published in the Journal of Tourism Sciences, a detailed exploration of qualitative research using content analysis was carried out over two phases. In the initial phase, the publication status of qualitative and quantitative studies according to their research strategy and data collection and analysis method was determined. The results demonstrated that interview-based research was utilized most frequently. The second phase identified the level of qualitative approach in the interview-based studies, based on 1) the applied research paradigm, 2) the degree to which trustworthiness was considered, and 3) the evolutionary level based on the development stages of qualitative research. The findings revealed that the papers employing grounded theory or phenomenology used a more advanced level of qualitative approach. A future orientation for qualitative research in the field of tourism was discussed with the results that provided a window into the dynamics of qualitative research.

Frontier tourism development and inequality in the Nepal Himalaya

This article proposes ‘frontier tourism development’ as an apt analytical lens through which to understand contemporary tourism development in rural peripheries. Based on a rich case study of more than 90% of households across seven villages in the Manaslu Conservation Area, the article analyses local-level inequalities in participation and benefits from tourism development in one of the world’s most remote peripheries—the high Himalayas of Nepal. The analysis documents that distance to the trekking trail running through the area significantly determines engagement in the tourism sector and that, among participating households, the wealthier obtain significantly more tourism income. These local-level findings show how development initiatives intended to engender a more equal distribution of tourism income at a regional scale may end up increasing income inequalities at a local scale. Interpreting these findings though the notion of frontier tourism development as a particular kind of commodity frontier, the article highlights challenges to market-oriented inclusive tourism development in the face of composite rural economies and rapidly changing livelihood conditions. It documents bubble-like barriers to trickle-down and backward linkages at the frontiers of tourism development; illustrates the need for broader analytical alternatives to dominant value chain approaches; and encourages a more robust integration between studies of rural tourism and the wider political economy perspectives of critical agrarian studies.

Creative Tourism Consumption: Framing the Creative Habitus through a Bourdieusian Lens

Creative tourism studies remain a newly developed field, pointing to changes in the consumption of tourism and culture while influencing how creativity and co-creation differentiate tourism supply through exploring the existential dimensions of creative experiences, the latter remaining an under-researched theme in the creative tourism literature. In addition, this type of tourism is presented as more responsible and sustainable than other types of massified forms of tourism. Building on a Bourdieusian approach, an updated version of Bourdieu’s main sociological thinking tools was used to analyse the creative habitus of both the supply and demand involved in the co-creation of creative tourism experiences. The authors developed 42 semi-structured interviews with creatives and creative tourists using the Loulé Criativo network in Portugal as a case study and applied qualitative techniques for the data treatment. The results showed that the creative habitus could move successfully between fields, expressing a sustainable agency towards creative tourism consumption. Autodidactism is important for skill development and knowledge replication resulting from the co-creation of creative experiences. The creative habitus, endowed with intercultural and creative capital, is characterized by self-education and ecological awareness where co-creation and coexistence with other creative people enhance the development and replication of creative competencies outside the tourism field.

All lives matter. An analysis of internationals' living conditions in Seoul, Korea, using an extended image–satisfaction–loyalty mechanism

AbstractWe indirectly analyze the residential environment for long‐staying internationals in Seoul, Korea, by extending the image–satisfaction–loyalty mechanism widely used in tourism, specifically by examining the internationals' satisfaction and loyalty. We consider residential difficulties, sociodemographics, and survey years along with image as exogenous variables and evaluate satisfaction not only in terms of its absolute but also its relative level, which is the difference between absolute satisfaction (AS) and previous expectation. Tourism studies have measured loyalty using individuals' intention to recommend to another and their own revisit intention, but we evaluate the revisit intention with place attachment/hometown perception, which is more suitable for long‐staying residents. The variables are measured with 2016–2018 data from an annual quality of life survey for Seoul residents (n = 5279 individuals) and analyzed with structural equation modeling. Our results show that the conventionally used AS is associated only with recommendation intention, but the relative satisfaction (RS) both with recommendation intention and hometown perception. Regarding the exogenous variables, AS is substantially affected by image and RS is somewhat strongly influenced by residential difficulties. However, image is the principal determinant of loyalty level, whether recommendation intention or hometown perception. These findings confirm the applicability of the image–satisfaction–loyalty mechanism not only to short‐staying inbound tourists but also to long‐staying international residents.

The garden visitor experience

ABSTRACT Based on a systematic data base search this paper provides a comprehensive survey of empirical research on garden visitor experiences, arguing that prevalent studies in garden tourism, psychology and education shed little light on the esthetic experience of gardens as cultural artifacts. Gibson’s transdisciplinary concept of ‘affordance’ is therefore used to reinterpret findings from the social sciences in light of landscape design and cultural analysis. The paper addresses how horticultural designs afford visitors to move through landscapes, to perceive and sense plant displays and to create meaning through bodily engagement. It furthermore shows, how media technologies such as mobile guides afford visitors to engage the garden through their specific material and operational design. As a result, the paper introduces a transdisciplinary model of the garden visitor experience that integrates bodily perception and conceptual understanding. Accordingly, the deliberate design of interpretative media is identified as a key agenda for visitor engagement.

Entanglements in diaspora tourism: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Both diaspora and tourism are highly complex concepts. As an emerging tourism concept, diaspora tourism entangles the different perspectives related to tourism mobilities; however, it has received limited attention within tourism studies. The research focus and debates in current tourism studies in relation to diaspora remain unclear and fail to accurately address the emerging market segment(s) in diaspora tourism. This study identified a range of entanglements that shape current research around diaspora tourism in terms of the application contexts of diaspora tourism, linking concepts, concerned diaspora communities, and key research topics. Its use of Systematic Literature Network Analysis offers insights for future tourism research when studying tourist mobility.

Methodological scheme of qualimetric assessment of recreational clusters


 
 
 The article deals with the application of qualimetric methods for assessing recreational and tourist potential on the example of an ecotourism cluster developed for natural and geographical and socio-economic conditions and resources of the Ukrainian Black Sea region. The properties of recreational and tourist potential can have different nature, different definitions, and be qualitative-descriptive, verbal, or quantitative (numerical). In qualimetric developments, properties should be comparable in the form of representation and magnitude of evaluation scales. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for qualimetric assessment of recreational clusters. The theoretical and methodological basis is the fundamental principles and developments of recreational geography, tourism studies and qualimetry, as well as the author’s own developments. In the process of writing, general geographical methods were used, such as descriptive, comparative geographical, and qualimetric assessment methods. Characteristics and properties presented in verbal form can be shown as structural combinations and compounds of simpler indicators. Factors that form the recreational and tourist potential have different weights (significance), which requires an appropriate assessment. The overall assessment of recreational and tourist potential is a weighted average value of all its components, taking into account their weight. The available absolute natural indicators of conditions and resources of recreational and tourist potential are also transformed into qualimetric estimates. The general methodological scheme for assessing recreational clusters, specified according to the conditions and resources of ecotourism of the Black Sea region is represented by seven stages – from structuring a recreational cluster according to its components and levels of hierarchical organization, calculating indicators of the weight of properties and calculating criteria for prop- erties that form the corresponding quality, calculating qualimetric estimates for all primary units of recreational and tourist potential; a meaningful interpretation of the assessment of the recreational and tourist potential of a recreational cluster based on the criteria of properties and scales of the corresponding features and characteristics, as well as indicators of the weight of properties in the formation of recreational and tourist potential. The developed scheme should be considered as a methodological approach for the practical application of qualimetric assessments of recreational and tourist potential in recreational geography and tourism studies.
 
 

Does geography matter? Implications for future tourism research in light of COVID-19

Due to the 2019 new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, tourism is undergoing fundamental changes that are affecting tourism research. This situation calls for in-depth analyses of tourism research. Scholars have already published review studies on COVID-19-related research within the tourism field; however, these studies do not connect findings, such as the research focus, research methodology and target group, to form a research profile, and the geographical patterns of the findings are not identified. study, COVID-19-related tourism studies were collected and analyzed in depth following the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) method. In addition, data-driven methods, such as spatial multilayer networks, frequent patterns and content-based analyses, were applied to identify research profiles and their geographic patterns. This study pointed out the role of geographic patterns in tourism research, going beyond the research of the authors. Moreover, topics, focus destinations, applied methodologies and employed data sources have relevant geographic patterns. Four dominant research profiles that show that a shift can be observed in tourism research toward data sources and research methods were identified. Due to COVID-19, the strengthening of the application of quantitative methods and employment of secondary data sources are needed.

New entrants for attractions network evolution

Social network analysis has been widely used in tourism studies. Few studies, however, adopted the tourist perspective as a source of analysis or analyze how interactions in the network evolve. The present work analyzes the evolution of the tourist attractions network. Social network analysis was used as analysis technique to map the relationships between tourist attractions in a Brazilian destination based on user-generated content collected from the TripAdvisor website. Results confirm the perspective that density is positively associated with destination development and resilience to economic turmoil. Despite network stability, one can observe network evolution from the entry of new actors. The findings indicate different strategies for entering the network and confirm the perspective that the network evolves in a non-linear way.

Exploring the drivers of Gen Z tourists’ buycott behaviour: a lifestyle politics perspective

Generation Z (Gen Z) is the largest cohort of generational consumers worldwide and is perceived to show greater connectivity with political consumerism compared to older age cohorts. Nonetheless, there is a notable absence of empirical knowledge on key antecedents of Gen Z’s engagement in tourism-related buycotting. Grounded in political and ethical consumerism literature and guided by lifestyle politics theory, this study aims to illuminate the drivers underpinning buycott behaviour of Gen Z in a developing country context. The qualitative findings demonstrate that Gen Z’ buycott behaviour has two categories of drivers: individual (fulfilment, constructing self-identity and frugality) and prosocial (altruism, trust and the pursuit of social justice). Exposure to social media information, peer persuasion and past experience are also key influencers in Gen Z’ buycott participation. Overall, the research extends the understanding of tourist sustainable consumption in terms of generational behaviours, notably Gen Z’s buycott behaviour. The study provides novel insights to a stream of the political consumerism literature, which is only at a nascent stage in tourism studies. While adding value theoretically, the study also provides useful managerial implications for businesses to stimulate tourists’ political and ethical consumption.

Analyzing national parks visitor activities using geotagged social media photos

Visitor activities within national parks are important information for park management. Currently, national parks and nature-based recreation area worldwide have no systematic visitor activity data collection schemes. Traditional visitor movement or activity data collection methods used in tourism studies are often costly in money and time and difficult to implement. This paper presents a framework and formal procedure that uses geotagged photos crowdsourced from social media platforms to uncover visitor activities within national parks. First, the daily individual space-time paths are constructed from the photo geotags and timestamps for all visitors. Then the following information is derived from the space-time paths: 1) four activity types including stationary, walking, vehicle riding, and flying; 2) the total time of various visitor activities in a park; 3) visitor flow directions aggregated to a grid; 4) a graph constructed from space-time paths and the directed and undirected connections (flows) between POIs; and 5) the centrality of POIs derived from the graph. A case study of four highly visited U.S. national park units from 2008 to 2021 demonstrates the process and capabilities of the method. It also reveals a trend of increased walking time and decreased stationary time in the case study parks over the years. Although this study is only based on Flickr photos, the method can be implemented with data derived from any social media platforms as long as geotags and timestamps are available. The method may be used to monitor visitor activities and movements within national parks and other outdoor recreation areas, especially remote and unmonitored locations.

Pride in Transformation: A Rural Tourism Stakeholder View

While pride is identified as a multilayered and complex emotion, tourism studies primarily focus on the pride generated by the presence of tourists acknowledging the residents’ culture and do not address all the categories of pride. This research gap is important to investigate because research indicates that pride is associated with residents’ perceived well-being, empowerment, and sense of belonging. We examine this contingency through the lens of Hume’s Theory of Pride to investigate how destination stakeholders express multiple categories of pride (e.g., vicarious pride and self-pride) and the manifestations of pride (e.g., prestige and caring) in a rural tourism context. We apply a multi-method approach that combines focus group discussions and personal interviews with 51 stakeholders (i.e., public officials, residents, and tourism business owners) from four rural tourism destinations. These destination stakeholders reveal more thorough and powerful meanings of pride that expand Hume’s theory and provide insights to practitioners.