Study Of Phraseological Units Research Articles

Phraseological units with the semantics of "human appearance" in Russian and Chinese

Language is one of the main tools for communication between people, allowing to express our thoughts and feelings, as well as describe the world around us. Phraseology, as an integral part of any language, plays an important role in the transmission of cultural values and traditions of the people. One of the key groups of phraseological units are phraseological units with the semantic field "human appearance", which reflect ideas about beauty, ugliness, age and other characteristics of appearance. In this article, we will consider phraseological units with the semantics of "human appearance" using the example of Russian and Chinese languages. The relevance of this topic is due to the need to study and analyze phraseology as a means of expressing culture, mentality and national characteristics of peoples. In addition, the study of phraseological units in different languages allows to identify similarities and differences in the perception of certain concepts, as well as the peculiarities of translating these units into other languages. The subject of the study: phraseological units with the semantics of "human appearance" in Russian and Chinese. Methods: 1. analysis of scientific literature on the phraseology of the Russian and Chinese languages; 2. comparative analysis of phraseological units with the semantics of "human appearance" in Russian and Chinese; 3. study of examples of phraseological units and their translation into another language; 4. identification of similarities and differences between phraseological units in Russian and Chinese. Scientific novelty: for the first time, a comparative analysis of phraseological units with the semantics of "human appearance" in Russian and Chinese is carried out. The article identifies similarities and differences between these units, as well as examines the features of their translation from one language to another. Conclusions: 1. In Russian and Chinese, there are phraseological units with the meaning "human appearance", which play an important role in communicating and describing people. 2. Despite some similarities, phraseological units in the two languages have their own peculiarities in terms of structure, semantics and pragmatics. 3. The translation of phraseological units requires taking into account their connotations, cultural characteristics and historical context. 4. Phraseological units can serve as a source for studying cultural differences and interaction between peoples.

The yellow color in the phraseological picture of the world of the Russian and Persian languages: an axiological aspect

This article is devoted to a comparative axiological analysis of phraseological units (PUs) with yellow color in Russian and Persian linguistic cultures. The perception of colors among different peoples may differ and directly depend on the historical, cultural, social, religious and natural conditions of development of a given people. The object of the study are phraseological units of the Russian and Persian languages containing the yellow color (38 units in total), selected regardless of the degree of semantic unity of the components of phraseological units and the method of phraseologization, temporal characteristics, speech or linguistic affiliation, included in proverbs, sayings of famous personalities, quotes from fiction and the method of phraseologization, temporal characteristics, speech or linguistic affiliation, selected by a continuous sampling method from explanatory, phraseological, etymological and encyclopedic dictionaries of the Russian and Persian languages, literary texts, as well as the media. The main research methods used in this work are the comparative method and axiological analysis of phraseological units containing the color term “yellow” in the Russian and Persian languages. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the study of phraseological units containing “yellow” in two languages from the point of view of axiology. Based on the results of the analysis of the estimated values of phraseological units with “yellow” component, a conclusion is drawn about the attitude towards this color in the axiological picture of the world of the speakers of the languages under study and we have clarified the meaning of the yellow color in the phraseological picture of the world of the Russian and Persian languages and confirm the absence of a binary axiological opposition.

Phraseological units with a numerical component hundred in Ukrainian and Chinese

Intermedial The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of Ukrainian and Chinese phraseological units with the numerical component hundred as a component of the concept “all”. A holistic and exhaustive linguoculturological study of the concept “all”on the basis of phraseological units of the Chinese and Ukrainian languages has not been carried out, that determines the relevance of the article. The purpose of the article is to clarify and detail some aspects of the language representation of the concept “all” on the material of two languages. The paper describes the role of numbers in traditional Chinese culture; certain structural and cultural features of phraseological units in the Chinese language are determined; identified, classified, analyzed and compared phraseological units with the component “hundred” in the Ukrainian and Chinese languages. The results of the study provide grounds for clarifying the content of the concept “all”. The numerative hundred is a productive component of Chinese phraseological units, in which it can be a temporal indicator, the embodiment of the idea of diversity. Structural features of Chinese phraseological units: PU with different semantics and connotative colouring have the same negative structure; within one unit, the numeratives 1–100 are contrasted, the numeral hundred is doubled, the numeratives hundred and thousand are used. The equivalents of Ukrainian phraseological units with the numerical component one hundred were found in Chinese. In Ukrainian and Chinese cultures some emotional and evaluative components are similar: negative (submission, sadness, indifference to life), positive (invincibility, value of a specialist). In Chinese most phraseological units with a numerical component hundred are used to characterize a certain state of a person, particular phenomena. The study of phraseological units in Ukrainian and Chinese will deepen the content of the concept “all” in the language picture of the world. The research results can be used in the process of compiling phraseological Ukrainian-Chinese dictionaries and in the practice of studying both languages.

Развитие коммуникативной компетенции средствами фразеологии библейского происхождения

The paper is devoted to the problem of formation and development of phraseological competence as a component of foreign language communicative competence at the senior stage of a language university. This topic is of great relevance in the modern methodology of teaching a foreign language, because in practice very little attention is paid to the study of biblical phraseological units in higher language schools, despite the fact that the study of phraseological units has great practical value and educational linguodidactic potential. The article clarifies the status of the biblical phraseological unit, considers ways of introducing and working out the biblical phraseological lexicon in traditional disciplines of the curriculum and special courses, for example, in English phraseology.

Phraseology as an Object of Linguistic and Cultural Studies

Abstract: Phraseology in a narrow sense studies stable combinations, choosing the lexical meaning of a word as the main criterion of analysis. Phraseology in a broad sense is engaged in the study of phraseological units, taking into account their types, structure, semiotic functions.

ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРНОЕ СВОЕОБРАЗИЕ РУССКОЙ И КИТАЙСКОЙ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИИ НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ ЗООНИМЫ

Statement of the problem. Language and culture are closely interrelated. On the one hand, language as a cultural product created by a society reflects the general culture of the people. On the other hand, language is part of culture, it is one of its elements. In other words, language is an integral part of culture and its instrument. The phraseology of the language reflects the culture and history of the people most vividly. Phraseology studies contribute to deeper understanding of the language being studied, therefore, a comparative analysis of Russian and Chinese phraseological units containing zoonyms is relevant, and the results of the analysis can be used when teaching Russian to Chinese students. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need for a comprehensive study of animalistic phraseological units and to develop recommendations for conducting classes for Chinese students on the study of Russian phraseological units, taking into account their native language. Methodology (materials and methods). The research material included phraseological units with an animalistic component of meaning extracted by continuous sampling from the phraseological dictionaries of E.N. Telia and Zhou Jisheng. The study used a descriptive and analytical method of theoretical analysis of reference and encyclopedic, didactic, linguistic, psychological, pedagogical, and linguistic methodological literature on the research problem. Research results. Comparative analysis of cultural connotations of animal images in Russian and Chinese phraseological units is of great importance for the development of linguistics and is of practical significance, since the results of the analysis can be used in the development of the Russian-as-a-Foreign-Language lesson plan for Chinese students. Conclusions. Russian and Chinese comparative analysis of animalistic phraseological units in one of the lessons showed that the study of phraseological units with an animalistic component, where images of animals with a common cultural connotation are used, helps Chinese students to better identify the specifics of the Russian phraseological system, contributes to the prevention of errors in understanding and use of idioms.

RAISING THE LEVEL OF SPEAKING CULTURE OF SECOND YEAR PUPILS BY MEANS OF PHRASEOLOGISMS

Enriching the active vocabulary of younger schoolchildren is an important problem of modern secondary education institutions. In this context, Ukrainian phraseology is an effective tool, which not only enriches speech but also develops an interest in studying and learning the Ukrainian language, which is extremely important today. In addition, although phraseology is not a subject of systematic study in primary school, mastering its units in Ukrainian language lessons while studying a specific material will contribute to the enrichment of the active vocabulary of a junior high school student. Working with phraseological units makes it possible to expand the active vocabulary of a junior high school student with phraseological units, and therefore, to familiarize, first of all, with etiquette norms, with the peculiarities of Ukrainian national etiquette.The article raises the actual problem of enriching the active vocabulary of younger schoolchildren through the study of phraseological units in Ukrainian language classes. Phraseology is an effective tool that contributes to the improvement of the grammatical structure of speech and helps to master Ukrainian speech etiquette. The content aspect of concepts related to phraseology is revealed; the possibilities of using phraseological units in Ukrainian language lessons in primary grades are analyzed. Lexical-phraseological and grammatical exercises, which are offered when studying specific material, will help younger students not only to understand the meaning of certain phraseological units but also encourage them to use them in their own speech.
 Keywords: phraseology; phraseologism; phraseological units; parts of speech; speech culture; active dictionary; culture of communication; primary school; grammar exercises.

Analyse linguistique des unités phraséologiques à composante numérologique

This article is devoted to the identification of typologically common and different characteristics of the semantics of numbers in the phraseological units of languages, in terms of cultural and typological characteristics of the concept of number reflected in them. The study of numbers, from the point of view of thinking about the ethnocultural and mental characteristics of the concept of number, is carried out not only by linguists, but also by psychologists, ethnologists, culturologists, historians, mathematicians and researchers in the philosophy of mathematics. Numbers have additional symbolic meanings in the cultural system of symbols and are therefore polyfunctional semiotic signs. This work is dedicated to taking into account the numerological components specific to the phraseological units of the French language. The comparative analysis of French phraseological units with a numerological component from zero to nine, the results of which are presented in the article, makes it possible to judge similarities and differences in the cultural connotation of numbers. Phraseologisms, reflecting in their semantics the long process of development of the culture of people, fix and transmit cultural attitudes and stereotypes, norms and archetypes, from generation to generation. Therefore, the study of phraseological units with numbers turns out to be the most indicative in terms of identifying the cultural and typological characteristics of the concept of number reflected in them.

Representation of the morbid state of a person in the phraseology of Russian and Mordovian dialects on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia

Introduction. The paper considers phraseological units that characterize the morbid state of a person in Russian and Moksha dialects on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia. The purpose of the study is to present the semantic characteristics of dialect phraseological units, analyze their component composition, and identify axiological and cultural-historical ideas of dialect speakers in the region. Materials and Methods. Various techniques and research methods were used in the work: a descriptive method, a comparative method, a method of component analysis, a method of contextual analysis, a method of linguistic and cultural interpretation. The study was conducted on the material of phraseological dictionaries of Russian dialects of the Republic of Mordovia and the Mordovian (Moksha and Erzya) languages. Results and Discussion. The study found that in the Russian and Moksha dialects of the Republic of Mordovia there are stable combinations known from ancient times, which name diseases and their symptoms, various painful conditions of a person. It was revealed that the languages of different types use phraseological units, which include somatisms, zoonyms, phytonyms, names of various objects, which reflects the features of a person’s figurative thinking, associative perception of the surrounding reality. A comprehensive study of phraseological units that characterize the morbid state of a person in the languages of different types on the territory of one region contributes to the comprehension of folk mentality, revealing the specifics of the national linguistic picture of the world of the Russian and Mordovian peoples, and allows us to trace the general and specific features of the linguistic community. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that phraseological units are actively used in the compared dialects of the Russian and Moksha languages, denoting a person’s morbid condition and representing the characteristic features of the image of the disease in different cultures.

Objects of Cultural-Cognitive Analysis in Comparative Lexicography

Introduction. The article deals with the linguocultural units of value considering them as the main objects of cultural and cognitive analysis to obtain data for compiling nationally oriented lexicographic sources, namely, a nationally oriented linguistic and cultural dictionary for the Vietnamese who study Russian. The authors of the article argue that the implementation of a detailed analysis of value-marked elements that reflect cultural facts and realities, which are rooted in the national linguistic consciousness, is a recurrent theme in modern comparative lexicography. The scientific novelty and significance of the study are based on the practical application of its findings in the field of comparative lexicography, a successfully developing scientific area.Methodology and sources. The article focuses on a comparative study of phraseological units of Russian and Vietnamese linguocultures. The comparative study is carried out using interpretive analysis as well as analysis of definitions. There are used data from dictionaries of various types.Results and discussion. The key objects of cultural and cognitive analysis are linguocultural units reflecting the realities of culture and values of a particular nation. The material of the study allowed the authors to consider some characteristics of the conceptual division of the world and of its conceptualization with the assistance of language distinctive for both Russian and Vietnamese linguocultures. Thus, a comparative analysis of Russian and Vietnamese set phrases, which reflect the peculiarities of the national worldview, made it possible to draw conclusions about the existing national and cultural differences between Russians and Vietnamese, and, that is most importantly, about the existing of discrepancies in the attitude of Vietnamese and Russians to certain values - a circumstance, that must be taken into account in development of linguistic and cultural educational lexicography.Conclusion. The concept of nationally oriented educational lexicography as a special field in a number of other linguistic disciplines aims at fulfilling the tasks of acquiring foreign cultural awareness avoiding any possible interference. The importance of nationally oriented educational lexicography arises from the need to create such teaching aids that will most adequately facilitate the process of foreign language mastering. In our specific case, it will assist a Vietnamese to study the Russian language as a means of intercultural communication.

Phraseology in the Legal English Discourse

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the functioning of phraseological units in legal discourse. Phraseological units are an important part of many legal texts, for example, court decisions. English phraseological units in legal discourse play a very important role: they denote legal concepts, carry information of a cultural and legal nature, have a significant impact on the recipient of information. The study of phraseological units in this area contributes to a deeper understanding of representatives of different cultures and speakers of different languages. Phraseological units are language intermediaries between representatives of different cultures. The research material includes phraseological units selected from the English-speaking corpus. The language of legal discourse is peculiar, and the use of phraseological units in it is determined not only by linguistic, but also by extralinguistic factors. Depending on the type of the text and its stylistic coloring , phraseological units will perform different functions and carry different meanings.

РАБОТА С ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМАМИ НА УРОКАХ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА

We describe phraseological practice at the English language lessons. Phraseological units are fixed expressions, the meaning of which is not determined by the meaning of the component parts of this expression. The study of phraseological units is essential not only to understand the culture of native speakers but also to develop and enrich the students’ speech. The research considers phraseological practice in the student course in foreign languages, namely English, phases of working at lexemes, including phraseological units, namely introductory phase, primary testing and practical use in monologues and dialogues. The research also describes practice types of a certain phase and offers a set of exercises for phraseological practice, which is useful for formation and development of lexical skills. The use of the complex approach to phraseology learning enables students to understand the meaning, to identify the units in texts and speech that will encourage their further use in students’ own speech. It will allow students to be on the next level of language mastery.

КОНТЕКСТ КАК СРЕДСТВО АКТУАЛИЗАЦИИ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЕДИНИЦ С ИМПЛИЦИТНО И ЭКСПЛИЦИТНО ВЫРАЖЕННЫМ МИЛИТАРНЫМ КОМПОНЕНТОМ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ НЕМЕЦКОГО И РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКОВ)

The growing interest in the study of phraseological units (hereinafter - PhU) in the pragmatic aspect is due to their widespread use in speech. German and Russian phraseological units with a military component represent a special subsystem of the language, the source of which is military-political relations, military affairs, events of military history. Within the framework of the considered array of PhU with a military component, two subgroups were identified - PhU with an explicitly and implicitly represented military component. The article examines the linguistic context in which PhU is used, and applies the method of contextual analysis to identify linguistic units-actualisators. Studying the context of the phraseological units with an explicit and implicit military component in Russian and German, namely intra-textual actualisators of the PhU meaning, allows concluding that the context largely determines the choice of one or another PhU, revealing and implementing its semantics.

About anthropocentric study of phraseological units in the Uzbek, russian and English languages

About anthropocentric study of phraseological units in the Uzbek, russian and English languages

Reflection of the national vision of the world in phraseological units

This research paper is devoted to the thorough study of phraseological units in terms of national connotation. Phraseological units that reflect national and cultural identity are the beauty and art of language. Phraseologisms, by their very nature, are a means of expressing imagery in a language, but they also serve to reveal the national culture, character, humor, grief, and anxiety of a people. For this reason, phraseology is the most important unit of poetic language used in the literary text to fully express the image, character, character, and to illustrate and exaggerate events, happenings, and situations. The phraseological resources of each language reflect the socio-historical events, moral and spiritual-cultural norms, mental and psychological conditions, religious ideas, national traditions, and customs of the people. Such phraseologies belonging to the vocabulary of a particular language community are among the national language tools. They polish the national color of the work of art and create a strong emotionality while emphasizing the popularity and originality of the language.

ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЗМИ З КОМПОНЕНТОМ ПЕЧІНКА У СЛОВ’ЯНСЬКИХ МОВАХ

The present article aims to examine phraseological units with the lexical component “liver” in a Slavic languages: Belarussion, Bulgarian, Croatian, Lower Lusatian language, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovenian, Ukranian. Somatic phraseology is a relatively new study of phraseology. The comparative semantic analysis of somatic phraseological units from an equivalence perspective allowed to establish their common and distinctive features, which are the reflection of cultural specificity and uniqueness of each language. The analysis was based on the researches of both Ukrainian and world linguists. The source of linguistic material were phraseological dictionaries of different languages. The results of this study may be useful for translators and advanced foreign language learners. This scientific study is a small fragment of the study of comparative somatic phraseology. But even such a fragment can reflect the common and different in the worldview of speakers of different languages. At the present stage of development of phraseology, many different and insufficiently studied problems have been identified, in particular the study of phraseological units in a comparative aspect.

Phraseological units with names of clothes in english, german and russian

The article deals with the comparative analysis of the English, German and Russian phraseological units with the component “clothes”, namely the names of accessories, garments, items of clothing and shoes. The relevance of research is defined by the interest to interaction between different languages and the process of cross-cultural communication in the modern world. A deep study of set expressions helps to learn the unique system of language that is characteristic of its native speakers. The study of phraseological units with the names of clothing opens opportunities for understanding the traditional, material and spiritual culture of a nation. The aim of the study was to compare phraseological units with the component “clothes” of three languages: English, German and Russian and carry out the quantitative analysis of these units. The authors used such methods as descriptive, comparative, interpretative, continuous sampling method and statistical method. The object of the study is different types of phraseological units, including proverbs and sayings, with the names of clothes belonging to five thematic groups: “garments”, “clothing items”, “clothing materials”, “accessories” and “shoes”. The study revealed that the biggest thematic groups of phraseological units are those with the names of pieces of clothing and accessories.

The Theory of Ecotranslatology in the Development of Translation Skills of Chinese Students

The present study aims to analyze the theory of ecotranslatology developed by the Chinese translator-theorist Hu Gengshen. The authors pay great attention to the application of its basic principles to teaching translation in general and the development of translation skills of Chinese students in particular. The main research methods are descriptive and comparative analysis, the method of systematization of language material, contextual analysis, component analysis of the word. In the course of the study, an experiment was conducted in which more than 30 Chinese students took part. The material for the study was the authentic texts of works of Russian fiction. By analyzing the examples of the translation of the works of A. P. Chekhov and N. A. Taffy into Chinese, the authors of this article demonstrate the main difficulties encountered in the practice of translation. A number of recommendations are given that help Chinese students develop translation skills from Russian into Chinese. In their conclusions, the authors point out that when teaching translation, it is necessary to draw students’ attention to the careful study of scientific works on the theory of translation, to develop students’ sense of language, to expand their stock of spoken vocabulary of the Russian language so that the emotional coloring of the work is not lost in the process of translation, and also to remember that the study of phraseological units is a cognitive process.

Linguo-stylistic aspect of the study of phraseological units in “Anne of Green Gables” by Lucy-Maud Montgomery

The results of the linguo-stylistic analysis of the phraseological units singled out from Lucy-Maud Montgomery's novel “Anne of Green Gables” are highlighted in the study. It is outlined that phraseology is part of the culture of the people, and therefore, without proper knowledge and understanding of certain phraseological units it is very difficult to understand the national character, way of thinking of native speakers or the intention of the author of the literary work. Due to the constant development and enrichment of the language with new stable expressions, as well as their widespread use in fiction, there is a constant need to study the linguistic phenomenon analyzed in the article. It is noted that phraseological units are stable combinations of two or more words that create semantic integrity and are reproduced in the process of speech as ready-made verbal formulas. Lucy Maude Montgomery’s novel “Anne of Green Gables” was exploited for the study. The linguo-stylistic analysis of the phraseological units from Lucy-Maud Montgomery’s novel under scrutiny demonstrated that the most numerous and frequently used were groups of idioms, social expressions and figurative expressions. The least recurrent in the analyzed work were scientific and technical expressions, official business formulas and statements, as well as proverbs, which was explained by Lucy-Maud Montgomery’s idiostyle and limited use of these groups of phraseological units in fiction depicting the lives of ordinary people.

English Nouns’ Valency in Terms of Phraseology

This article deals with the analysis of the noun used in the English phraseology as it has the highest phraseological activity. The subject of special attention is a study of phraseological units with a phytonym component. The group of phraseological units with a phytonym component is the most frequently used one. Some phytonyms demonstrate unusual cultural connotations typical to this language. The importance of the plant world for people and the fact that they make analogies between humans and plants are reflected in the language. Results indicate that the choice of the properties of a particular plant as a prototype for re-interpretation is due to several reasons: on the one hand, the peculiarities of the human thinking process, which leads to the formation of similar images in different cultures; on the other hand, this choice depends on the cultural and historical development of the country, its geographical location and political structure.