Heritage Studies Research Articles

The narrative structure of Yu. P. Kazakov's short story "Arcturus the Hound Dog"

The article presents a narrative analysis of Yu.P. Kazakov's short story "Arcturus the Hound Dog", which refers to the animalistic prose of the writer. The main purpose of the analysis is to consider the organization of the narrative in prose, since the narrative features of the work allow us to characterize the writer's idiosyncrasy in detail. Research objectives: to identify the features of the narrative; to get acquainted with the works devoted to the research topic; to turn to the historical and cultural context; identify the types of narrators; correlate the perspective and narrative plan with them. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that more and more studies are interested in narrative structures, as they allow us to determine the nature of the work and the poetics of Kazakov's stories. Despite the fact that many works are devoted to the early story "Arcturus the Hound Dog", not all of them differ in precise terminology and logical conclusions. So, we will attempt to challenge one of the points of view on the analyzed work. The study of the issue was based on a structural and semantic analysis. Formal, biographical and psychological methods were also used in the study. In the course of the work, the features of the narrative of the story were discovered. We came to the following conclusions: 1. The narrative is based on the principle of opposition of perspectives: an "internal - external" point of view (Innenperspektive - Außenperspektive) 2. The writer introduces three types of narrator into the canvas of the text: exegetic (omniscient, taking an indirect part in the action of the story), diegetic (active, directly appearing in the plot as a character) and lyrical (reflective, feeling, which manifests itself more on a spiritual level). The discovery of the latter in the canvas of the text determines the novelty of the study of the literary heritage of Yu. P. Kazakov. 3. Thus, the lyrical type of the narrator determines the poetics of Kazakov's lyrical prose, discovers difficult-to-grasp subtexts in the narrative and introduces a special rhythm into the analyzed story.

Development of a Triple-GEM detector with strip readout and GEMINI chip for X rays and neutron imaging

Thermal neutron imaging can be a useful tool in the study of the internal structure of an object. The different attenuation properties of the materials with respect to X rays give rise to different interactions and the result is a complementary non-destructive analysis, which can provide important additional information. This technique has been successfully employed in different areas of work, especially in material science and cultural heritage studies. This paper describes the development of a new detection system and its characterization performed with X ray emissions. The system features the use of a gaseous detector, based on the Gas Electron Multiplier technology, and a fully digital electronic readout, with a combination of custom-made ASICs (called GEMINI) and FPGA boards, enabling fast single photon counting. The detector can be thus used directly for X ray imaging, while the addition of a suitable converter in its active volume will allow for detection of neutrons and for reconstruction of their tracks. The readout system is based on a x-y strip structure and features the reconstruction of single events through the center of mass methodology, allowing for accurate tomography, with sub-mm spatial resolution, in combination with sub-ms time resolution and high rate capabilities (up to MHz/mm2).

Pan-museum Concept Implanted in Chinese Traditional Village Development and Conservation

Since the reform and opening up, the economy has been improving, but the protection of traditional villages and the study of cultural heritage have not kept pace with the times. With the development of tourism, a large number of traditional villages have been commercially exploited, resulting in the destruction of many architectural cultures, including some other local cultures. Through the research and protection of traditional villages, the study of the history of the origin of traditional villages can be established to provide valuable and correct historical data for the research, and at the same time, a correct awareness of the protection of cultural heritage can be set up, so that the development of traditional villages can be carried out in a restrained and orderly manner. The concept of pan-museum is proposed in order to make the traditional villages better express themselves as a carrier for promoting and passing on local culture, which is rich in local cultural values, and can better pass on local culture and stimulate t

The Contemporary Value and Significance of Protecting Li Bai’s Cultural Resources from the Perspective of Cultural Communication Studies

Li Bai is a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty who holds an important position in the cultural history of China.This article explores the value of Li Bai’s cultural resources in contemporary society and the importance of protectingthem through the lens of cultural communication studies. This article begins with a review of the historical achievementsof Li Bai, followed by an analysis of the dissemination methods of Li Bai’s cultural resources and their impact oncontemporary society. The analysis is done based on cultural communication theories, especially in terms of culturalinheritance, education, and social development. Secondly, this article emphasizes the importance of protecting Li Bai’scultural resources and proposes a series of protection strategies, including policy support, technological innovation, andpublic participation. Research has shown that Li Bai’s cultural resources are not only a valuable asset of traditional Chineseculture but also an important contributor to promoting cultural diversity and sustainable development. The purpose of thiswork is to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and dissemination of Li Bai cultural resources and to provide areference for the study of other cultural heritage.

Cultural Heritage Deterioration in the Historical Town ‘Thimi’

The gradual or rapid deterioration of cultural heritage buildings can be a source of the loss of heritage assets over time. Cultural heritage encompasses tangible and intangible aspects of a society’s heritage, including historical buildings, archaeological sites, artworks, artifacts, traditions, customs, and ethnic customs. This research paper investigated the causes and effects of the deterioration of the heritage system from the Madhyapur Thimi in Nepal. A case study of tangible heritage (Thimi settlement) and intangible heritage (Bisket Jatra—community celebrations—and Ritual Guthi—a local group formed to conduct cultural activities) helped to achieve the objectives of this study. The existing unique cultures from the Madhyapur Thimi, including the built culture, Guthi, Bisket Jatra, and Ritual Guthi area support the sustainable development of heritage structures to some extent. The cultural heritage is now at risk due to institutional inadequacies, economic and social issues, resource depletion, and natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes. Policy should be modified, and heritage should be conserved and maintained well for future generations to own it as an identity and pride of the Thimi community.

Walk slowly, listen carefully, tread softly: enhancing participation in architectural conservation practice

ABSTRACT Participation is long-established within heritage and assists practitioners achieving the aims of critical heritage studies. Yet there is limited study into the utility of participation within architectural conservation practice. Through qualitative insight this article foregrounds views and experiences of twelve UK accredited conservation architects on the definition, meaning, and expectations of participation from within their role. Findings reveal conservation architects value participation with local communities at early project stages where it can positively impact significance and design development. Barriers towards participation were centred around client concerns, economic constraints, and limitations of their skillset, compelling practitioners to promote the benefits of participation and learn new skills to transcend traditional methodologies. A six-step process emerges to enhance participation in architectural conservation practice: 1) employ holistic project mediation; 2) identify place-based users with embodied experience of projects; 3) utilise project sites for participatory knowledge transfer; 4) apply knowledge to project briefs and significance statements; 5) capture heritage narratives within physical conservation; and 6) celebrate conserved buildings as symbols of partnership with participants. A mantra of ‘walk slowly, listen carefully, tread softly’ is offered as a concluding phrase and moral anchor for conservation architects to consider when contemplating a participatory evolution of their practice.

In full swing: Analytical strategies for the conservation assessment of operating Industrial Heritage machinery

The condition assessment of Industrial Heritage machinery in operation is an open research subject of utmost importance for defining conservation and maintenance plans. The present work approaches this issue by proposing the study of Industrial Heritage machinery that includes the assessment of substrates, coatings, lubricants and operating mechanisms by applying analytical techniques currently used for heritage studies together with techniques employed in condition monitoring of modern machinery. An early 20th century steam engine from the Vale de Milhaços Gunpowder Factory (Portugal), in operation for demonstration purposes, was selected as a case study. The engine metallic alloys and coatings were studied by XRF and Raman spectroscopies, and the main properties of lubricants studied according to EN ISO and ASTM standard tests. Metallic particles present in the oil due to wear were assessed by XRF. The mechanisms were examined by gamma radiography, magnetoscopy, thermography and vibrational analysis.Data showed the use of distinct alloys according to the engine components' function similar to those reported for the same period. Green copper phthalocyanine and toluidine red identified as coatings’ pigments are typical from the late 20th century and thus ascribed to a previous repair. The properties of the fresh and used lubricants are slightly different but without evidence of a significant alteration that could endanger the machine's functioning. However, the presence of metallic particles in the oil suggested the existence of wear phenomena. The engine's operating speed (51 rpm) and the vapour temperature (≈154 °C) attained inside the cylinder were indirectly determined. The presence of cracks on the engine structure was assessed, and possible faults that can imperil the engine functioning were analysed. The vibrational analysis of equipment in operation revealed a lack of lubrication and wear on the feed pump journal bearings.

Removal or preservation in place? A review of the conservation management options for asbestos cement sheeting in heritage properties

PurposeInvented in late 1890s, asbestos cement sheeting rose to prominence during the post-Second World War period as a building material for low-cost housing by state housing commissions and low-income families (“fibro homes”). The adverse health effects of asbestos fibres in the building industry and home renovation activities are well documented. Fibro homes of the 1950s and 1960s are increasingly coming under the gaze of heritage studies, which brings to the fore the question of how to deal with the asbestos cement sheeting most are clad with.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides the first systematic review to assess the literature (126 papers were identified in Google Scholar and scanned for content) on the conservation management of asbestos cement sheeting in heritage properties.FindingsOverall, engagement with the conservation management of asbestos cement sheeting in heritage properties was low, with only two sources dealing with asbestos cement sheeting in any level of detail. The studies note that if asbestos cement sheeting is in good condition, it should be left alone. Numerous conservation and repair options do exist, in particular the application of (coloured) sealants that extend the life of asbestos cement sheets and asbestos cement roofing.Originality/valueThis paper represents the first systematic review to assess conservation management options for asbestos cement sheeting in heritage properties.

Facial reconstruction of a deformed skull from the Roman period of Juliopolis

The use of digital technologies in archaeological research has become considerably more widespread in recent years. While the earliest records of the use of electronic data in archaeology date from the 1950 and 1960s, the field has kept growing with the increasing interest in digital tools such as digital photography, three-dimensional imaging, GIS, virtual and artificial reality applications, CAD and facial reconstruction. Such digitization practices are used frequently for documenting, record keeping, and preserving and representing the data recovered from archaeological contexts, and are linked to other fields, such as cultural heritage studies and museology. Facial reconstruction is used to recreate the faces of individual from the past using their skeletal remains. It has been practiced for different reasons in the fields of forensics, anthropology, and archaeology. This study focuses on the facial reconstruction of a skull unearthed from Juliopolis. The reason for choosing this skull in this study is that it is the first and only known deformed skull dated to the Roman period in Anatolia. For the facial reconstruction application, authors created a 3D modelling of the skull by photogrammetry. Then, the missing parts of the skull are completed using the virtual donor library. The results are presented in different forms, as grayscale, in colour with eyes closed or open. Also, the type of deformation is demonstrated in the skull. This study adopts a digital process and is more strongly linked to data interpolation related to the external surface of the face. The prominent advantage of the methodology is being strongly supported by information obtained from computed tomography (CT) scans of living individuals, leaving a little room for the artistic issue in relation to the basic aspect resulting from the interpolation of data. The benefit of facial reconstruction is especially important since it is a way of preserving and presenting archaeological and anthropological data.

Методика дослідження та пропозиції використання елементів нематеріальної культурної спадщини України для цілей туризму

Elements of intangible cultural heritage have relatively recently entered the structure of the potential of tourist resources. The complex nature and essence of the very elements of the intangible cultural heritage require the development of special methods for their research, based on the options for the possible use of these elements. In the study of intangible cultural heritage, the socio-geographical approach plays an important role. It is noted that it is more expedient to build the study of intangible cultural heritage on the basis of a component approach (which involves the consideration of intangible cultural heritage, on the one hand, as an integral part of cultural heritage in general, and on the other hand, as a component of the historical and cultural resources of a certain territory, a destination of a tourism region), as well as on the bases of a territorial approach. An algorithm for the socio-geographical study of intangible cultural heritage is proposed, which distinguishes three successive interrelated stages: preparatory; analytical and generalizing; recommendatory, each of these is divided into substages and carefully described. The place of objects of intangible cultural heritage in the historical and cultural potential of the territory is described. Among the many specialized types of tourism, the most expedient is the development of such types as: cultural and educational, rural, industrial, gastronomic, ethnographic, event (festival), religious, artistic, which contribute not only to the preservation and promotion of intangible cultural heritage, but also to the development of local economic potential and intercultural understanding. The proposed methodology for studying the elements of intangible cultural heritage is one of the options for conducting research on this topic, that in each case will need to be supplemented and refined, however, at the present stage, it can serve as a solid basis for starting and activating such research. The provided list of thematic types of tourism can also be elaborated on the basis of the use of objects of intangible cultural heritage, does not claim to be exclusively complete and can be expanded and supplemented, opening up prospects for further research in this direction.

The invertebrate paleontology collection at Rio de Janeiro's Museu Nacional: museological practices and stages in its trajectory.

This article examines the general characteristics of how the invertebrate paleontology collection at the National Museum [Museu Nacional] in Rio de Janeiro took shape and the stages in its trajectory, considering the institution's own journey from the perspective of museology and heritage studies. It addresses the reach of the collection within the context of the department and the procedures and practices involved, namely research, education, and exhibitions. The collection's trajectory reflects the contexts that formed the backdrop for the museum, domestically and globally, between the mid-1900s and the early twenty-first century.

The Promotion of Unhu/Ubuntu/Vumunhu Through the Teaching of Heritage Education in ECD Classrooms of Zimbabwe

Globally, heritage education is seen as a model which can be implemented to provide a holistic education that incorporates spiritual, cultural, and moral values to all citizens. In Zimbabwe, the education is underpinned by a philosophy of unhu/ubuntu/vumunhu which nurtures humanness, human interdependence and the sense of community in learners. In addition, early childhood proponents underscore the teaching of socio-cultural knowledge to young children during their early stages of learning. The newly introduced Zimbabwe Curriculum Framework for Primary and Secondary Education (2015-2022) includes family and heritage studies as one of the curriculum areas to be taught from early childhood development (ECD) to tertiary level. The framework emphasises continuous development of unhu/ubuntu/vumunhu from ECD to the point of exiting secondary education. Against this background, the study examined how teachers are instilling unhu/ubuntu/vumunhu values in ECD learners through heritage education. The study further explored the alignment of the curriculum demands to ECD teachers’ practices in teaching heritage studies. An explorative qualitative case study informed by the socio-constructivism was adopted. Data was gathered from three teachers through semi-structured interviews and analysis of teacher artifacts. The study revealed that there is a gap between the curriculum demands and teachers’ classroom practices on the teaching of unhu/ubuntu/vumunhu culture at early childhood development. Teachers lack adequate content knowledge on heritage education and continue to use traditional methods of teaching in ECD. The paper concludes by suggesting a culturally-based model of classroom practice that is oriented towards inculcating unhu values in learners.

Documentary heritage from the digital humanities: The electronic Diachronic Corpus of Chilean Spanish (e-CorDECh)

The present study integrates a proposal for the study of documentary heritage under the scope of digital humanities. Our goal is to develop a first stage for the creation of the Corpus Diacrónico del Español de Chile (e-CorDECh, electronic and Diachronic Corpus of Chilean Spanish) through the incorporation, organization and tagging of different sources of documentary heritage which will be transcribed according to paleographical and philological criteria.

«The Secret History» – the cultural heritage of the nomads of Central Asia.

The article presents the results of an analysis of the «The secret history», a monument of writing of the XIII century. It makes important discoveries regarding the place that this cultural text occupies in the spiritual culture of the peoples of Central Asia, the ways through which it has reached our days and the phenomenon of continuity. The «The secret history» is a genealogy of the ancestors of the world-famous conqueror Genghis Khan, dating from the beginning of the VIII century, continued during his reign during the lifetime of Genghis Khan himself and completed in 1240 under Crown Prince Ogedei Khan. The value of the chronicle lies in the fact that it contains detailed information about the cultural, spiritual, social, and political phenomena that took place in the history of the medieval nomadic Turks, their worldview, intertribal and tribal relations, and the rulers who ruled the country. The article examines the internal connections in the text of the «The secret history», contextual elements, connections of epic poems-dastans of the Turkic peoples with historical documents that have become sources of the chronicle. Genotheism, the ancestor of Borte-Chino from the «The secret history» is considered by analogy with the batyr Borte-Chino from the medieval history of the Turkic peoples. Important information and information from the «The secret history» through the heirs of Genghis Khan, who ruled over various states of Central Asia, formed the basis for the appearance of numerous genealogies with similar content and motives. Based on the study of the spiritual heritage of the Turks who lived in the Great Steppe before and after the appearance of Genghis Khan, issues of succession of generations, influence on subsequent chronicles, the «The secret history» is assessed as a very valuable monument, a common cultural heritage for the peoples of Central Asia. The results of the study show the importance of fundamental study of the «The secret history» in the context of preserving the cultural heritage of Central Asia. The article focuses on the importance of in-depth analysis of the original of this monument of writing, taking into account the role of the «The secret history» in the formation of the cultural mosaic landscape of the Kazakhs.

ТЕКСТЫ ПОПУЛЯРНЫХ НЕМЕЦКИХ ПЕСЕН КАК ОТРАЖЕНИЕ СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫХ ТЕНДЕНЦИЙ ГЕРМАНИИ ПЕРИОДА 1945–1989 ГГ.: МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ

The article is devoted to a diachronic review of popular German songs, which are an inexhaustible source of socio-political, historical and cultural heritage of Germany. A detailed study and deep understanding of the song heritage of any country contributes to a more effective mastery of a number of disciplines, among which a foreign language occupies one of the leading places. The author of the article pays special attention to the study of lexical, stylistic (artistic), thematic and functional features which reveal the cultural and historical wealth that the special language of a song in general and a German song in particular has. Using comprehensive, historical-cultural and didactic approaches to the song analysis, the author attempts to trace the relationship between a song in a foreign language and the sociocultural context of a certain historical era. At the same time, the author proves that the study of such a relationship is a cognitive process aimed at understanding the history and culture of the country of the language being studied. And the text of the song, being a type of a poetic text, is a complex phenomenon that includes historical, cultural and linguistic aspects. The diachronic review used in the article allows us to consider the qualitative changes that a popular piece of music – including a sung narration – undergoes over a certain period of time.

Қашаған Күржіманұлының «Топан» дастанын Құран сүрелерімен байланыстыра талдау

The study of the rich heritage of Kashagan Kurzhimanuly is one of the trends in Kazakhstani science of the 21st century. that in the works of the literary poet of the 19th century, the essence of the Kazakh nation, life, developed very much in the future in religion. The purpose of the study is to study the function of religion, which determines the cognitive character of the poet. The subject of the study was the dastan “Flood”. The rational method of analyzing a person’s image is revealed through religion. The author described the good and bad qualities of people in society using the method of allegory. The poet reflected the changing interests of people in the epic “The Flood”, through the end of the world. In this article, we scientifically compared the dastan “The Flood” by Kashagan Kurzhimanuly with the sura “Mursalat” of the Koran. Due to the fact that the scientific directions of the history of Kazakh literature were mainly formed and established in the Soviet period, the religious foundations of the literary heritage have always been evaluated negatively and controversially, which had a significant negative impact on the recognition of heritage on a purely scientific basis. The life of the Kazakh people in the 19th century from a political, administrative, economic, geographical point of view, religious policy in the 19th century, a spiritually forced situation that has not yet been recorded, provide a lot of data that will help clarify the directions of research of the current period and make large-scale modern stops . At present, the issue of Muslim education is scientifically substantiated to some extent, and the channels of continuity with world experience are becoming clear. On this basis, problems arise in understanding the thoughts of the poet Kashagan Kurzhimanuly about the history of Islam in the Kazakh region in the dastan "The Flood".

Надмогильный камень Хусейн-бека из Чишминского мавзолея: описание 1910 года по материалам Российского государственного исторического архива

Research objectives: The publication and analysis of the epigraphic description of the 1910 tombstone of Husein-bek from the Chishminsky mausoleum in the territory of the modern Republic of Bashkortostan. Research materials: Archival documents and the epigraphic monument of Husein-bek (tombstone). The work also involves extensive data from the historiography of the study of the tombstone of Husein-bek from the Chishmin mausoleum. Results and novelty of the research: The analysis of the discovered archival file containing epigraphic descriptions of Turkic-Muslim monuments has been carried out. The history of the formation of archival documents of various confessions and the role of Grand Duke Nikolai Mikhailovich Romanov in the study and popularization of the epigraphic heritage of Russia is revealed in detail. A historiographical and textual analysis of the discovered epigraphic description of the 1910 tombstone of Husein-bek from the Chishmin mausoleum, this paper discloses the data on the epigraphist who completed the description of the monument in 1910. Attention is drawn to the unique interpretation by contemporaries of the place where Husein-bek was born, namely “from the Tirsanovoy area of Turkestan”. The author of the study puts forward his own original interpretation of the term « ترساني » and suggests that scientists look at this word as “Lakab” – part of an Arabic name, an honorary title. The issue of dating the monument is also being updated.

Digital Enabling Rural Revitalization: An Innovative Study of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Animation-based Inheritance and Dissemination

Abstract With the development of digital technology, the animation of intangible cultural heritage provides a new form of cultural carrier for its transmission and dissemination. The innovative use of animation in intangible cultural heritage is examined in this thesis through the lens of digital empowerment for rural revitalization. After selecting indicators for animating intangible cultural heritage, a questionnaire was designed. Data was collected based on the Kano model to study the audience demand for animating intangible cultural heritage. Then determine the variables affecting the animation of non-heritage culture, construct the structural equation model, validate the model after correlation analysis, and explore the influencing factors of the dissemination of non-heritage culture animation. Finally, user needs are divided into four different attributes, of which animation action design (0.8265) and scene props design (0.7817) have the greatest impact on user satisfaction. In contrast, animation art style design (-0.7483) and folklore (-0.7175) have the greatest impact on user dissatisfaction. Except for cultural context and perceived pleasure, animation information quality, and perceived usefulness, the hypotheses of this paper are all verified (p less than 0.05), and audience satisfaction has the greatest influence on communication behavior among the perceived factors. This paper discusses the animation-based transmission and dissemination of intangible cultural heritage, which has a positive significance in promoting the protection and transmission of intangible cultural heritage.

Digital interpretation of the botanical heritage through biodesign

The paper presents two digital studies through the study of botanical heritage and plant morphology as inspiration for biodesign. The goal was to create conceptual urban 3D models as potential tools for solving climate challenges faced by selected cities, as well as for raising awareness of botanical heritage. For the first study carried out for the city of Nairobi from Kenya, the inspiration for biodesign was the species Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. This plant species is recognized as a symbol of the battle for the environment in Kenya. The inspiration for the second conceptual model of biodesign was the protected sycamore (Platanus x acerifolia (Aiton) Willd.) in Topcider Park in Belgrade (Serbia). As a natural monument of botanical character, this plane tree is about 200 years old. The same methodology was applied in both studies, which included field research, identification of the desired morphological pattern of plants, and digital modeling and visualization using appropriate digital (computer) tools. Two conceptual solutions are presented as the results of this research.

The Study of the History of Russian Emigration by Modern Chinese Scholars (According to the Scientific Site CNKI — 中国知网)

In China and Russia in recent years, the history of Russian emigration has attracted increased interest from many scholars. The purpose of the article is to identify and systematize publications about the fate of Russian emigrants in China, posted on the site “Zhiwang” (中国知 网, www.cnki.net). The analysis of information on this topic made it possible to identify the degree of interest of Chinese scientists in the study of intellectual and cultural heritage. The authors draw attention to the scientific and educational activities of educational organizations (Harbin Normal University, Heilongjiang University, Qiqihar University, Heihe University, East China Normal University, etc.) and scientific foundations (State Social Science Foundation of China, Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, etc.), which provided financial support and documentation support for the ongoing research. The authors of the article used their thematic focus as the main criterion for systematizing the publications of the Chinese site “Zhiwang”. The article focuses on quantitative indicators: the number of publications of Chinese scientists on the history of Russian emigration, the publication activity of the most famous Chinese Scientists-Slavists who described the fate of Russians who ended up in China. The applied value of the description by Chinese scientists of the educational and research, professional and entrepreneurial activities of Russian emigrants is noted. The opinion of Chinese scientists is emphasized that the culture (literature, painting, music) of Russian emigrants who settled in the cities of Northern China, adapted in the cultural space of the local population, left a significant mark in the history of China. The authors come to the conclusion that the cultural and historical heritage of Russian emigrants can currently be used not only to preserve national and spiritual values, but also to strengthen cultural interaction between China and Russia.