Self-study Research Articles

Evaluation of a Novel e-Learning Program for Physiotherapists to Manage Knee Osteoarthritis via Telehealth: Qualitative Study Nested in the PEAK (Physiotherapy Exercise and Physical Activity for Knee Osteoarthritis) Randomized Controlled Trial

BackgroundThe delivery of physiotherapy via telehealth could provide more equitable access to services for patients. Videoconference-based telehealth has been shown to be an effective and acceptable mode of service delivery for exercise-based interventions for chronic knee pain; however, specific training in telehealth is required for physiotherapists to effectively and consistently deliver care using telehealth. The development and evaluation of training programs to upskill health care professionals in the management of osteoarthritis (OA) has also been identified as an important priority to improve OA care delivery.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore physiotherapists’ experiences with and perceptions of an e-learning program about best practice knee OA management (focused on a structured program of education, exercise, and physical activity) that includes telehealth delivery via videoconferencing.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study using individual semistructured telephone interviews, nested within the Physiotherapy Exercise and Physical Activity for Knee Osteoarthritis randomized controlled trial, referred to as the PEAK trial. A total of 15 Australian physiotherapists from metropolitan and regional private practices were interviewed following the completion of an e-learning program. The PEAK trial e-learning program involved self-directed learning modules, a mock video consultation with a researcher (simulated patient), and 4 audited practice video consultations with pilot patients with chronic knee pain. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were thematically analyzed.ResultsA total of five themes (with associated subthemes) were identified: the experience of self-directed e-learning (physiotherapists were more familiar with in-person learning; however, they valued the comprehensive, self-paced web-based modules. Unwieldy technological features could be frustrating); practice makes perfect (physiotherapists benefited from the mock consultation with the researcher and practice sessions with pilot patients alongside individualized performance feedback, resulting in confidence and preparedness to implement new skills); the telehealth journey (although inexperienced with telehealth before training, physiotherapists were confident and able to deliver remote care following training; however, they still experienced some technological challenges); the whole package (the combination of self-directed learning modules, mock consultation, and practice consultations with pilot patients was felt to be an effective learning approach, and patient information booklets supported the training package); and impact on broader clinical practice (training consolidated and refined existing OA management skills and enabled a switch to telehealth when the COVID-19 pandemic affected in-person clinical care).ConclusionsFindings provide evidence for the perceived effectiveness and acceptability of an e-learning program to train physiotherapists (in the context of a clinical trial) on best practice knee OA management, including telehealth delivery via videoconferencing. The implementation of e-learning programs to upskill physiotherapists in telehealth appears to be warranted, given the increasing adoption of telehealth service models for the delivery of clinical care.

Digging into group establishment: Intervention design and evaluation

Previous research has documented challenges in students’ group work. An identifiable segment of the previous research that relates to improving students’ group work conditions is the study of group formation and self- and peer-assessment. Though studies that primarily focus on how to address the conditions of students’ group work and the existing problems can be found, there are not many related to higher education settings. On this ground, the present article advances a qualitative evaluation of the intervention that promotes student groups’ self-awareness and thereby self-regulation toward fair group work during a software engineering project. An inductive thematic analysis was applied to the students’ written reflections on the intervention. To further understand the results, the concept of “group establishment,” referring to destructiveness that complicates individuals’ truthful living at the group level, was employed to reflect on the resulting themes. Hoggett (1998) provided this articulation by synthesizing previous results in psychoanalytic theory. Students’ experiences with the intervention revealed several value gains, including personally identified benefits as well as open group mood, consolidation of grouping, conceptual learning about group work, and regulation for task allocation. Noted challenges included dishonesty and a personal role conflict, and some students reported minor effects on group performance. Students valued safety in the intervention situation and argued that the intervention was needed from outside the group. A summative review of the students’ experiences suggests that the intervention was useful for all groups. The results are discussed from a pedagogic and the aforementioned psychoanalytic perspective, and remarks are made for software engineering education.

A Study of Self- Medication Uses without a Prescription among Iraqi Patients in Baghdad City

Background: Medicines are those chemical compounds which consist of a single substance or more and areobtained through natural (plant or animal), as well as industrial methods, by chemical reactions that utilizedin the treatment of diseases that can infect human and animals or alleviate illness, prevention or diagnosing.Self-medication is the unwanted medical use of prescription and / or over-the-counter drugs. These practiceshave become an encouraging global form of self-care when it comes to minor ailments. Well it is not limitedto over-the-counter medicines. This also includes the use of prescription medications such as antibiotics.Objective: This study explores the extent of a widespread phenomenon of medicines usage without a doctorprescription, and studied the self-medication practices reasons among patients in the city of Baghdad.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by questionnaires were distributed randomlyto 300 adults in different age group, sex and level of education at PHC in Baghdad city.Result: In this study, findings depict that the (34.3%) of study male participants are aged (30-39) years old.In regarding with education, thirty-four percent are primary school graduated and work a housewife residentin rural areas. Also, the (53 %), (12.3%) respectively take drugs in the last months for flu. The (64.7%) ofdrugs was prescribed by physician and (35.3%) of drug take without prescription because (16.3%) of themnot have access to physician care. The source of drugs supplies, the (31.7%) take it from others source and(38.3%) of information on the use of these drugs was obtained from physicians. The most common types ofdrugs used without prescription the result indicated that (39.0) was antibiotics and (53.3%) of sample notcommitment by dose, Reading instructions & advertence with complication. Also the (73%) of sample don’tuses or depending upon herbs.Conclusion & Recommendations: The continued use of medications without a prescription is an alarmingproblem in the country of Iraq. The prevalence of self-medication management is high in Middle Easterncountries and is often associated with inappropriate drug use. Therefore, it is necessary to understand therelationship between the various factors that favor the management of self-medication and to evaluate theevolving trends to help us develop strategies to reduce the health risks associated with drugs among thepeople of the Middle East.The recommendations included the imposition of regulatory measures that restrict access to prescriptionmedications only in countries where antibiotics are available over the counter. Another recommendation,which has emerged in several studies, is to improve the use of media campaigns to effectively guide publiceducation programs.

Study of Self Compacting Concrete performance with addition of nylon fiber

Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a plastic concrete that is easy to flow because of its own weight, fulfils all the desired concrete molds, and has the properties to compose itself. Very suitable applied to conventional concrete construction work that has a large specific gravity and compaction or vibration of concrete is needed. The purpose of compaction itself is to minimize the air trapped in fresh concrete, hence the concrete becomes homogeneous and voids do not occur. To increase the flexural strength of concrete, the addition of nylon fibers can be a solution. Nylon fiber is a material with polymer fibers that have fiber, film and plastic properties. The objective of this study is to evaluate the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity, tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete with the addition of nylon fiber. The percentage of nylon fiber addition of 0.5% and 1% of the weight of cement with a diameter of 0.35 mm and 0.65 mm and a length of 15 mm and 20 mm. With the addition of 1% nylon fiber, compressive strength increases 126% in variation of 0.65 mm diameter and L = 15 mm, tensile strength increases 56.27% in variations diameter of 0.65 mm and a fiber length of 20 mm and flexural strength increases 5.390% in variations a diameter 0.65 mm in the length of 20 mm. The diameter, length and volume of the addition of nylon fibers affect the concrete mechanical behavior. It is proven that the greater the diameter of the nylon and the percentage of the addition of nylon can increase the strength of concrete.

What can we learn from gritty persons? Coping strategies adopted during COVID-19 lockdown

Social isolation and the loss of control associated with the COVID-19 lockdown led to elevated levels of perceived stress in many countries. The present study examines the effectiveness of 13 different coping strategies (SVF-78) and the personality trait grit (Grit-S) on perceptions of stress (PSS-10) in 438 participants (362 women, M age = 33.45 years, SD = 12.48) from the second to third week of lockdown. A structural equation model showed that coping strategies acted as a complete mediator of the relationship between grit and perceived stress, indicating that grit does not directly affect perceived stress but that people with higher levels of grit choose more effective coping strategies and that results in lower perceived stress. Overall, active emotion-focused strategies such as minimization and positive self-instruction were associated with lower levels of helplessness and a higher self-efficacy to cope with stress. Taking into account the different ways participants adopted coping strategies and relied upon grit, non-hierarchical clustering identified four specific profiles: gritty persons, easy-goers, avoiders, and people feeling powerless. The implications for each group are discussed.

The impact of writing on academic performance for medical students

BackgroundWriting is a useful learning activity that promotes higher-order thinking, but there are limited studies that prove its effectiveness. In previous research, researchers tested the effect of summary writing on students’ comprehension and found no significant difference from that of re-studying texts. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to expand previous findings and investigate the effect of two types of writing tasks on medical students’ academic performance, specifically in the transfer of knowledge.MethodsAn experiment was conducted with 139 medical students from Seoul National University College of Medicine. They were randomly assigned to three study conditions: self-study (SS), expository writing (EW), and argumentative writing (AW) group. Each group studied the given material by the method they were assigned, and they were tested on their comprehension and transfer of knowledge using rote-memory type items and transfer type items respectively.ResultsThe results showed that the two writing groups displayed better performance than the SS group in transfer type items, while there was no difference in scores between the EW and AW group. However, the three groups showed no significant difference in their scores for rote-memory type items. Also, there was a positive correlation between the writing scores and transfer type item scores in the AW group.ConclusionsThis study provides empirical evidence for writing to be adopted in medical education for greater educational benefits. Our findings indicate that writing can enhance learning and higher-order thinking, which are critical for medical students.

A mixed method study of self- and peer-assessment: Implications of grading online writing assignments on scientific news literacy

The current dynamic information environment allows readers to access a vast amount of content, but of varied quality. Information professionals increasingly should promote students’ scientific news literacy and critical thinking skills. The challenge for instructors, however, is to assess and provide constructive feedback on writing assignments, especially in large-scale online classes. Online peer-assessment tools can facilitate reliable self- and peer-assessment in scientific literacy education at scale. This mixed method study empirically examines differences between self- and peer-assessment and inter-rater reliability among peer assessors and investigates patterns of discrepancies in grading.

Человеческое Я: иллюзия загадки

The paper is an attempt to give an inner outline of F.T. Mikhailov’s logic in the study of the human Self. The principles of analysis and the meaningful path of becoming the Self are analyzed, from the problem of the emergence of the mind to the developed, creative and free personality. Reflection of logical categories and their formal and substantive connection with the problems and methods of theoretical research in psychology is carried out. The paper shows the dialectic of the concept of the Self — both in the objective reality and in the self-consciousness of the individual. The subjectness of the Self is presented as an expression of the social whole and the internal logic of its development. This logic of the whole is the potential basis of the creative ability of the Self. The creativity arises in the contradiction between the universal and the specific, the distinction of which is, according to F.T. Mikhailov, the most difficult problem. But it is precisely in the solution of this problem that the solution to the phenomenon of the Self lies. And thus of freedom as the objective self-determination of man in being and in thinking. The reproduction of the logic of thought of F.T. Mikhailov is carried out by the author in his own synthesis of problems that highlight the main line in understanding the problem of the Self.

ПАРАМЕТРИ ГАРАНТОВАНОГО САМОЗБУДЖЕННЯ АСИНХРОННОГО ГЕНЕРАТОРА ДЛЯ АВТОНОМНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ЕЛЕКТРОЕНЕРГІЇ ОБ’ЄКТІВ КРИТИЧНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ

Purpose. Development of the IG model for estimation of influence of variations of parameters of the generator on quality of process of self-excitation at definition of the basic and boundary operating modes and system of initial excitation at invariable parameters of the generator. Result. The article simulates the self-excitation process of an autonomous asynchronous generator by the method of regression equations, which adequately describe the dependence of the self-excitation time and the value of the output voltage. The following statistically significant factors have been determined, such as the excitation capacity, the rotor speed, remanent magnetization and residual voltage on the capacitors and their influence on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the excitation process of the induction generator. The conditions for self-excitation of an asynchronous generator with capacitor excitation as part of an autonomous power source are determined. Recommendations are formulated for the design of an autonomous power source based on an asynchronous machine in terms of the implementation of self-excitation conditions and optimal operating modes. A simulation model of an autonomous asynchronous generator and solar battery for the analysis of transient, static and dynamic operating modes has been developed. Practical value. The carried out theoretical studies of the capacitive self–excitation of IM machines have created a good basis for solving issues related to the practical use of autonomous sources based on an asynchronous generator. Figures 8, tables 3, references 20.

Enhancing of self-regulated learning strategies for health care students to improve e-learning in the "Corona semester" as an interdisciplinary task.

Objective: Self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies are a central prerequisite for the goal-oriented and successful use of digital learning opportunities in the study of health care professions. It is often presumed that students are proficient in SRL, but this could not be taken for granted. Using the example of the master's degree program in nursing education at the Fliedner University of Applied Sciences, it is shown how the topic of SRL can support students in self-directed e-learning and expand their digital learning competence.Method: The period of e-learning was initiated with a project introducing to SRL. The students (n= 49) elaborated task-based text work on SRL, which was made available via a learning platform. Subsequently, the students reflected individually on their SRL using a proven questionnaire and set development goals for themselves. At the end of the semester the usefulness of SRL was evaluated in a group discussion with open questions from the students' point of view and the answers were qualitatively evaluated.Results: The knowledge of SRL supported the students during the period of e-learning to plan their learning activities goal-oriented manner and to use the learning opportunities systematically.Discussion/conclusions: SRL can promote the digital learning competence of students and support them in coping with the study requirements during the period of e-learning. In this context, SRL could be included in an interdisciplinary curriculum to foster the digital learning competence of students as an interdisciplinary topic and cross-sectional subject in all study programs of health care professions.

Surface Microstructure Study of Self Cured Acrylic Resin after Immersion in Arabica Gayo Coffee

The water absorption on self-cured acrylic resin is higher than the heat cured acrylic resin. Incoming water positions itself between the polymer chains and affects the surface microstructure of self-cured acrylic resin. The absorption of liquids such as Arabica Gayo coffee may aggravate the surface structure of self-cured acrylic resins due to their acid content. This study aims to find out the microstructure of self-cured acrylic resin surface after immersed in Arabica Gayo coffee for 2 and 7 days. This study used 5 specimens of self-cured acrylic resin (MeliodentTM) with size 10x10x1,5 mm3. Each specimen was immersed in aquades for 24 hours to reduce the residual monomer and then be given different immersion treatments. The immersion temperature used was 55°C. After immersion, surface microstructure observation was done using Scanning Electron Microscope (JEOL JSM 6510 LA). The images obtained were bubbles after being immersed in aquades for 2 days and more on day 7, micro porous after being immersed in Arabica Gayo coffee for 2 days and more on day 7 than untreated specimens. The conclusion of this study is micro porous formed more on the surface of self-cured acrylic resin along with the duration of self-cured acrylic resin immersion in Arabica Gayo coffee.

STUDI KOMPARATIF SELF REGULATED LEARNING SISWA ASRAMA DAN NON-ASRAMA DI SMA IT IZZUDDIN PALEMBANG

In IT Izzuddin High School Palembang, after the learning activities are finished students/students have a different environment. Consists of boarding students and non-boarding students. The existence of environmental differences will certainly provide different support and obstacles. Starting from this the researcher wants to compare the self-regulated learning of boarding and non-boarding students with the title “Comparative Study of Self Regulated Learning of Dormitory and Non-Boarding Students at IT Izzuddin Palembang High School”. This study aims to determine whether there are differences in self-regulated learning between boarding students and non-boarding students at IT Izzuddin Palembang High School.This research method uses a quantitative approach. This type of research is comparative research. The population in this study were all students of IT Izzuddin Palembang High School it the 2019/2020 school years, totaling 140 students, consisting of 69 boarding students and 71 non-boarding students. From this population, a sample of 60 boarding students and 63 non-boarding students was taken. The sampling technique is proportionate stratified random sampling. After the content validity test, Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.730 was obtained. The result is > 0.6 then the instrument is reliable. Methods of data analysis using t-test and then given an interpretation of the results.Based on the results og the hypothesis test, t = 2.777 with p = 0.006. Because the value of p < 5% (0.006 < 0.05) then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, there is a significant difference in self-regulated learning between boarding and non-boarding students at IT Izzuddin Palembang High School where the level of self-regulated learning of boarding students is higher compared to no

REIN the RobuTS: Robust DNN-Based Image Recognition in Autonomous Driving Systems

In recent years, the neural network (NN) has shown its great potential in image recognition tasks of autonomous driving systems, such as traffic sign recognition, pedestrian detection, etc. However, theoretically well-trained NNs usually fail their performance when facing real-world scenarios. For example, adverse real-world conditions, e.g., bad weather and lighting conditions, can introduce different physical variations and cause considerable accuracy degradation. As for now, the generalization capability of NNs is still one of the most critical challenges for the autonomous driving system. To facilitate the robust image recognition tasks, in this work, we build the RobuTS dataset: a comprehensive Robust Traffic Sign Recognition dataset, which includes images with different environmental variations, e.g., rain, fog, darkening, and blurring. Then to enhance the NN's generalization capability, we propose two generalization-enhanced training schemes: 1) REIN for robust training without data in adverse scenarios and 2) Self-Teaching (ST) for robust training with unlabeled adverse data. The great advantages of such two training schemes are they are data-free (REIN) and label-free (ST), thus effectively reducing the huge human efforts/cost of on-road driving data collection, as well as the expensive manual data annotation. We conduct extensive experiments to validate our methods' performance on both classification and detection tasks. For classification tasks, our proposed training algorithms could consistently improve model performance by +15%-25% (REIN) and +16%-30% (ST) in all adverse scenarios of our RobuTS datasets. For detection tasks, our ST could also improve the detector's performance by +10.1 mean average precision (mAP) on Foggy-Cityscapes, outperforming previous state-of-the-art works by +2.2 mAP.

Maintenance of long-term recovery from substance use: a mixed methods study of self- and treatment-changers

Drawing on a person-centered approach to recovery from substance use that acknowledges recovery pathways as shaped by people’s personal and social context, the purpose of this study was to compare recovery maintenance of two pathways, self-change and treatment-change. A mixed methods design was employed among 229 respondents [134 self-changers (SCs) and 95 treatment-changers (TCs)], with a qualitative subsample of 41 participants. The results indicate significant differences between the groups in terms of sociodemographic and personal characteristics, as well as maintenance factors of recovery. The qualitative findings indicate that the SCs were characterized by an intrinsic locus of maintenance style. They were motivated by future goals, employed self-oriented strategies, and their risk of relapse was related to self-reliance. In contrast, TCs were characterized by an extrinsic locus of maintenance style. They were motivated by past events, employed interpersonal strategies, and their risk of relapse was related to limited self-efficacy. The findings suggest that recovery maintenance is evident irrespective of recovery pathway, but people’s personal and social context may play a special role in shaping their maintenance recovery style. Treatment and recovery systems of care should adopt person-centered approaches and offer multiple recovery pathways that address varying maintenance styles.

Expanding the Place of Self in Self-Study through an Autoethnography of Discontents

ABSTRACT This article questions some of the premises undergirding the discourse of self-study, particularly focusing on its treatment of ‘self’. We examine the ontology, authority and ethics of self as they emerge from Oren’s reading of self-study literature in light of his scholarship of and experience in contemplative education. Having focused on studying and teaching mindfulness in teacher education, Oren had been an insider to ‘the study of self’ yet an outsider to ‘self-study’ when he stumbled upon the S-STEP SIG during AERA 2018. His hopes of finally finding a SIG focused on the self were high; however, during the presentations he attended, he became perplexed and disappointed as ‘self’ emerged as somewhat peripheral to the matter he had assumed to be at stake. Written as an autoethnography, this paper describes his search for the sources of his discontents aided by Jason, a self-study insider who shares some of his ideas. Responding to calls for self-study that advocate educational change in a broad sense, we point to some ontological, epistemological and ethical commitments centering around self that may have been limiting self-study. We suggest that some of them can be rethought and point to ways in which this can lead to new possibilities for self-study and its expanded impact.

Self-Study Program.

Self-Study Program.

El self study como catalizador en los procesos formativos de futuros profesores. Aprendizajes a partir del análisis de los artículos publicados en el monográfico de la Revista Iberoamericana de Educación - REDFFORMA


 
 
 
 
 La Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos (OEI CHILE) a través de su programa de Desarrollo Profesional de profesores, ha apoyado una red de Formadores de Profesores, Redfforma, que reune a académicos de universidades enfocada en el desarrollo profeisonal de Formadores a través del desarrollo de Self Studies.
 Desde 2016 se han completado tres pe´ríodos de investigación en Self Study, identificando los aspectos que los preocupan en relación con sus prácticas formativas, compartiendo sus halazgos con amigos críticos, tanto nacionales como internacionales. Este contexto hasido el lugar para el análisis y discusión de sus supuestos sobre la enseñanza, el rol de la enseñanza y la responsabilidad del modelaje del formador; así como la oportunidad de analizar su visión respecto de la pedagogía, expectativas y creencias de sus estudiantes sobre los objetivos en los procesos formativos.
 Este artículo da cuenta del análisis descriptivos de 5 experiencias en este número. 
 Las reflexiones que surgen de este trabajo tienen un doble propósito, por un lado, proporcionar una visión comparativa de la evidencia obtenida a través de la experiencia desarrollada por los equipos de investigación; y por otro, explicitar desafíos implicados en la instalación de nuevas practicas formativas para los futuros profesores.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Risk preferences in self–other decisions: The effect of payoff allocation framing

AbstractThe effect of framing is well established: Decision makers' preferences are influenced by how outcomes or attributes are phrased. In the financial domain, individuals often make decisions for themselves and for others. Therefore, decisions in a two‐person context with the outcome equally allocated can be framed in two ways defined as the allocation framing: (1) self‐allocation frame: making a decision for oneself, with half the payoffs shared by another person; and (2) other‐allocation frame: making a decision for the other person and sharing half the payoffs. The results of six studies provided consistent evidence that people are more risk seeking in the self‐allocation frame than in the other‐allocation frame, and the effect was only noteworthy in the gain domain—not the loss domain. Our findings on allocation framing provide a meaningful contribution to studies of self–other decision making.

Feasibility Study of Self Curing Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Respect to Cost & their Properties

Feasibility Study of Self Curing Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Respect to Cost & their Properties

The Worthy Human Being as Prosuming Subject: ‘Projectified Selves’ in Emancipatory Project Studies

The projectified self is suggested in this article as a way to advance emancipatory project studies toward improved understandings of how individuals in contemporary neoliberal societies are urged to become self-controlling, self-improving, self-commercializing, life-compartmentalizing, and deadline driven. We propose (1) a developed theoretical foundation for studies of the projectified self, based on recent writings on enterprising selves, and (2) the notion of prosumption as a concept for how the worthiness of this projectified self is constructed in a simultaneous process of project-based production and consumption. This is discussed in relation to the on-going studies of social media entrepreneurs.