Portuguese Study Research Articles

Examining Risk and Protective Factors for Suicidal Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Portuguese Male Inmates

Background/Objectives: Prison inmates face a significantly higher risk of acting on suicidal thoughts than the general population. However, Portuguese studies distinguishing inmates who think about suicide from those who attempt it remain scarce. Given this ideation-to-action distinction, the current cross-sectional study aimed to examine risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and the transition from one outcome to another. Methods: A total of 411 male inmates (M = 37.94 years, SD = 10.91) from 16 Portuguese prisons participated in the study. Data were collected between 2020 and2024 using four instruments: (1) Sociodemographic Questionnaire; (2) Social and Emotional Competencies Questionnaire (SEC-Q); (3) Predictive Antisocial Spectrum Questionnaire; and (4) Health Risk Behavior Checklist. Results: Among the total sample, 29.1% reported a lifetime history of suicidal ideation, and 19.4% had attempted suicide. Impulsivity/irresponsibility emerged as a key risk factor for suicidal ideation, whereas social and emotional competencies of self-management and motivation were protective factors against suicide attempts. Previous self-harm behavior was the only risk factor for both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusions: Our findings provide important insights into risk and protective factors for suicidal behaviors among male inmates, offering key information for policy and practice efforts aimed at reducing mortality in this high-risk population.

2855 Dementia in elderly individuals with depression: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies (2013–2024)

Abstract Introduction With population ageing comes challenges like dementia, prompting the urgent identification of risk factors and its associations with other psychiatric disorders. This review aims to explore the connection between depression and the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia through recent literature analysis. Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis, following PRISMA recommendations, with studies from 2013 onwards. The search strategy ‘Depression’ AND ‘Dementia’ AND ‘Aged’ was employed in the Cochrane, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, and Scielo databases. Cohort studies in Portuguese, English, or Spanish were included, while reviews or clinical trials were excluded. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan software, employing unadjusted OR effect measures for exposure in the Forest Plot graph. Study heterogeneity was calculated using the I2 statistic, with a cutoff point of >75% indicating high heterogeneity. Results The search strategy identified 3394 articles, screened by title and abstract. Of these, 187 were fully read, and 26 were included in the review. The most used tool for assessing depressive symptoms was the Geriatric Depression Scale (38.4%), while the Mini-Mental State Examination was the most frequently used tool for assessing symptoms of MCI and dementia (26.9%). The quantitative analysis included 14 studies evaluating dementia and 8 studies evaluating MCI. The likelihood of older adults with depression developing dementia was 1.75 times higher than in the non-depressed population (OR = 1.75; 95% CI 1.46–2.11). Additionally, a twofold increase in the likelihood of developing MCI was found in depressed older adults (OR = 2.03; 95% CI 1.44–2.88). All analyses revealed high heterogeneity. Conclusion Depression was found to be associated with higher likelihood of developing MCI or dementia in older adults. Understanding this complex relationship with new studies and reviews is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving the prognosis for individuals affected by both conditions.

The therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in reducing symptoms of Amiotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A bibliographic review

Introduction: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that results in the gradual loss of muscle control. There is currently no cure for ALS and treatment aims to alleviate symptoms and improve patients' quality of life. In this context, cannabidiol (CBD), a compound found in the cannabis plant, has been studied as a complementary therapy for ALS. Objectives: This study consists of a literature review that aims to analyze the scientific evidence available on the use of CBD in the treatment of ALS. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review based on the PubMed, LILACS, SciELO and Google Scholar platforms. The descriptors used were “treatment” AND “cannabidiol” AND “amyotrophic lateral sclerosis”. Studies in Portuguese, Spanish and English were included, from 2000 to 2024. Results: With progress in neuroscience, cannabidiol emerges as a potential treatment for ALS, presenting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, in addition to benefits against anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Therefore, the therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis highlights that CBD has promising properties in relieving ALS symptoms and improving patients' quality of life. However, more research is essential to establish it as a standard treatment for ALS, including its interaction with other medications and safety as a therapeutic.

Modal Categories of the Portuguese Grammar in the Mirror of Logical Analysis - I

This publication is the first part of the paper dedicated to the aspects of the logical analysis of the forms of grammatical modality in the Portuguese language. It takes into consideration the general nature of the modality. A difference between speech modality and linguistic modality is drawn. The grammatical modality includes those forms of it that are fixed in the morphology of the word. Forms of nominative modality (for nouns) and forms of predicative (verbal) modality are distinguished. The types of nominative modality are differentiated on the basis of the article. The types of predicative modality are represented by moods of the verb. Functionally, modality does not participate in the semantic representation, does not carry a denotative function, but at the same time it is a tool for controlling the logical form of the thought. The article controls the form of the concept (notion); the mood controls the form of judgment (proposition). Some Portuguese examples are given to demonstrate the logical function of the article accompanying the noun in speech accentuating the inner opposition between extensional and intensional features of substantive meaning. The verbal mood regulates the truth function of the sentence. The truth function of a sentence in Portuguese is marked by the forms of four verbal moods, which are characterized as follows: absolutely true (Modo Indicativo), absolutely untrue (Modo Imperativo), conditionally true (Modo Conditional) and conditionally untrue (Modo Conjuntivo/Subjuntivo). The truth function of a sentence depends on the logical correlation of the sentence with the surrounding sentences. On this basis, the paper introduces the concept of modal taxis. The modal taxis is seen as parallel to the temporal taxis. The temporal taxis means a contextual coordination between the sentences based on the semantic of tenses. In the modal taxis the verb takes a modal form according to its logical relation with other sentence. The independent and dependent types of modal taxis are distinguished; forms of modal coordination in each of the types of modal taxis are investigated. The article may be of interest to specialists in the field of general linguistics, theoretical grammar, Romance linguistics and Portuguese studies.

Inflected infinitives in SLA: A study of L1-Brazilian Portuguese–L2-Spanish speakers

This article discusses inflected infinitives in adult first language (L1) Brazilian speakers whose second language (L2) is Spanish. We focus on adjunct clauses headed with para in cases involving same and different subjects in the matrix and the embedded clause. These languages differ in that Brazilian Portuguese, but not Spanish, allows for inflected infinitives, and we provide evidence that these bilinguals are using innovative forms, i.e. inflected infinitives in their L2. We examine our findings under a lens of L1 transfer, L1 pre-emption, and the difficulty posed by the subset–superset relationship between the L1 and the L2. Additionally, we propose that Brazilian Portuguese-speaking L2 learners of Spanish at an initial stage of L2 acquisition encounter challenges abandoning L1 strategies and apply the tense projection’s features in the inflected infinitives of their L1 into the verb forms of their L2. We further propose that those L2 learners with greater vocabulary knowledge succeed in abandoning the L1 strategies that are unavailable in the L2, in contrast to those with a more limited vocabulary knowledge.

Effectiveness of Manual Bronchial Clearance Techniques in the Treatment of Bronchiolitis

Background: Bronchiolitis is a seasonal viral infection of the respiratory tract that causes numerous childhood hospitalizations annually. Treatments vary based on severity, with mild cases requiring fluids and moderate to severe cases involving hospitalization with oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, and chest physiotherapy. Manual bronchial clearance techniques differ between Anglo-Saxon and European schools, and their effectiveness remains a subject of debate. Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of manual bronchial clearance techniques in bronchiolitis by assessing clinical outcomes, including improved ventilation, increased oxygen saturation, and enhanced hemodynamic and respiratory stability. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted between 2013 and 2024 using PRISMA guidelines. Databases searched included PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer, and Google Scholar; the inclusion criteria focused on randomized clinical trials and cohort studies in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. The selection bias was evaluated. The study was registered in Prospero (CRD42023486450). Results: Five articles involving 291 participants diagnosed with mild to moderate bronchiolitis were analyzed. The assessed techniques included Anglo-Saxon school and European School. Heart rate was evaluated in four studies, showing significant reductions in one (p < 0.01), while the significance in the other studies was not specified. Respiratory rate was assessed in three studies, with significant results being seen in two (p < 0.05). SpO2 was examined in all six studies, demonstrating significant improvements in two (p = 0.02 and p < 0.05). The Kristjansson respiratory score showed significant changes in one study (p = 0.005), and the Wang respiratory score indicated significant results in another (p = 0.03). These findings support the efficacy of chest physiotherapy techniques in managing bronchiolitis. Conclusions: While Anglo-Saxon techniques are widely used, their effectiveness remains a subject of debate. In contrast, European techniques indicate promising clinical outcomes, including improved ventilation, increased oxygen saturation, and enhanced respiratory stability; however, additional studies could further validate these findings.

A holistic methodology for the assessment of Heritage Digital Twin applied to Portuguese case studies

Digital Twin (DT) is an emerging technology that may improve and facilitate various processes. Multiple definitions and concepts have been developed throughout various fields, which demand consolidation and reorganisation. Heritage buildings are complex assets, yet the need for their preservation is undeniable. The safeguarding of such resources may benefit from the advantages DT offer, nevertheless the relation between both subjects could use further exploring. This work consisted in the development of an evaluation methodology named Heritage Digital Twin (HDT), composed by four attributes determined by the relation between DT and built heritage, which also demanded a brief revision of the concepts and primary elements of the DT concept, as well as previous DT evaluation frameworks. Three Portuguese case studies were used to exemplify the application of the methodology at different scales (in size, relevance and DT complexity). The application examples proved the methodology is able to provide an easy and effortless HDT assessment, allowing a simple yet meaningful indication of the development of each attribute. Heritage-related actions are still limited following the virtual-to-physical communication, in contrast with operative actions, which causes HDT to rely on human intercession. The framework successfully considered built heritage limitations, providing an inclusive approach. Nonetheless, the constant advancements in technology might change the perspective for HDT in the future.

Strategies to Improve Environmental Comfort of Institutionalized Older Adults: A Scoping Review

The demographic trends of an aging global population present significant challenges and opportunities for healthcare, particularly in providing optimal care environments for older adults living in long-term care facilities, with it being imperative to ensure these environments provide basic care and promote overall well-being through enhanced environmental comfort. This scoping review intends to show evidence-based practices enhancing the environmental comfort of institutionalized older people. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology, this scoping review’s inclusion criteria included studies in English, Portuguese, or Spanish between 2013 and 2023, focused on institutionalized people over the age of 65 years residing in long-term care settings where nurses implemented strategies or interventions designed to enhance environmental comfort in which older residents themselves directly evaluated, indexed in Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, DART-Europe, or Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP). Out of 497 initially retrieved studies, none of them met the established criteria, leading this study to be an empty review. The absence of studies meeting the inclusion criteria indicates a significant gap in the existing literature, highlighting the need for specialized training programs that equip nurses with the skills and knowledge to implement effective comfort-enhancing interventions, ensuring that the unique and challenging needs of older people are covered.

Electromyographic parameters for treatment of pelvic floor disorders in pregnant and postpartum women: A review protocol.

Electromyography is a widely used instrument in clinical practice to evaluate and treat pelvic floor disorders in pregnant and postpartum women. The objective of this study is to analyze the scientific evidence on the electromyography parameters used for treatment of pelvic floor disorders in pregnant women in any gestational week and postpartum women up to 12 months after delivery. A systematic review of randomized controlled experimental studies (clinical trials) and quasi-experimental studies in English, Portuguese or Spanish, which used electromyography as an intervention for treatment of pelvic floor disorders in pregnant or postpartum women up to 12 months after delivery will be performed in online databases (Scopus, Medline, Pedro, Scielo and Pubmed),. Risk of bias assessment will be performed using Cochrane group tools. The Rob 2.0 tool will be used for experimental studies and the Robins-I tool for non-experimental studies. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (no.433510). The quality of the evidence will be analyzed using the GRADE System Methodological Guide and the systematic review structure will be performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Can resistance exercise prevent breast cancer–related lymphoedema? A systematic review and metanalysis protocol

IntroductionEvidence shows that resistance training (RT) reduces lymphoedema in patients with breast cancer–related lymphoedema (BRCL), making it a safe and efficient intervention. However, it is uncertain if RT is safe...

Pre-service teachers’ competencies to develop computational thinking: A Portuguese tool to analyse Computational Thinking

Computational thinking (CT) is an essential mathematical skill for problem-solving and students’ future lives. It is integrated into the educational curricula of several countries, including Portugal. Therefore, pre-service teachers (PST) must possess didactic knowledge to effectively develop CT in students. The aim of this study encompassed three main objectives: translating and adapting the computational thinking scale into Portuguese (study 1), validating the scale (study 2), and assessing the perceived levels of CT competencies among PST in Portuguese university students while examining differences between undergraduate and master’s level PST (study 3). The sample consisted of study 1 with 43 participants and study 2 and study 3 with 382 participants. In study 1, temporal stability was assessed indicating strong stability. The internal consistency showed good homogeneity of the items. The exploratory factor analysis revealed consistency with the structure of the original scale. In conclusion, the Portuguese version of the CT scale demonstrates adequate psychometric properties, proving valid and reliable for assessing CT in university students. Additionally, significant differences were observed between undergraduate and master’s degree students, underscoring the importance of tailored training programs to meet the specific needs of undergraduate students.

P245 Avelumab in advanced urothelial carcinoma: Insights from a multicenter portuguese study on efficacy, safety, and treatment sequencing

P245 Avelumab in advanced urothelial carcinoma: Insights from a multicenter portuguese study on efficacy, safety, and treatment sequencing

Assessment of chronic pain: multidimensional tools, applicability, and practicality

Introduction: Chronic pain (CP) negatively impacts patients’ physical and psychological status. Thus, it has the potential to affect every aspect of everyday life. In Portugal, CP is a major public health problem that affects roughly 36.7% of adults. Nevertheless, assessment of this condition is still far from ideal. A Portuguese study showed that most of last year’s medical students and first-year residents did not routinely assess pain. Additionally, the best-known pain assessment tools are the ones that focus only on pain intensity, thus disregarding the multidimensional nature of pain. Objectives: This study aims to review pain assessment tools that consider the nature of pain and its impact on patients' functionality. The ultimate goal is to increase the knowledge and dissemination of such tools. Methods: Focus groups were conducted with a panel of 29 Portuguese physicians specialized in family medicine and orthopaedics. Several pain assessment tools were debated regarding applicability, practicality, and relevance. After group discussion, five pain assessment tools were considered particularly relevant. Results: The characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of five pain assessment tools (ACT-UP, CAPA, Barthel index, BPI, and EQ-5D), and the need for their applicability in the family medicine clinical practice are summarized and highlighted. Functional assessment of CP patients is a key step to deciding the most adequate treatment regimen since the individual nature of patients will cause them to be differently affected by distinct limitations, even if the intensity of pain is similar. Conclusion: The implementation use of these tools in clinical practice will be crucial for the improvement of CP management.

OS BENEFÍCIOS DA REALIDADE VIRTUAL NA SÍNDROME DE DOWN

Introduction: Down syndrome is the most common known genetic cause of intellectual disability. People with DS have multiple deficits, both cognitive and motor development disorders, and associated diseases. The use of virtual reality in treatment is a strategy with a positive impact on the evolution of patients, making individuals interact by moving with images and objects, while motivating and stimulating the patient’s interest in continuing treatment. Objective: To research and seek the benefits of virtual reality in individuals with Down syndrome, based on the reviewed literature. Method: The study consisted of researching and seeking the benefits of virtual reality in individuals with Down syndrome based on scientific studies. The search was carried out in the Pubmed and Scielo databases. The descriptors: virtual reality and Down syndrome were used, and studies in Portuguese and English that proposed to investigate virtual reality in individuals with Down syndrome were included. Results: Of the 24 studies found, 6 that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Conclusion: The importance of virtual reality for people with Down syndrome is highlighted, as it has been shown to be beneficial in several areas of the human body, consequently improving quality of life, considering that the patient’s gains are greater, as the therapy is carried out through games, stimulating the patient’s interest in participating and continuing with the treatment.

EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE E PREVENÇÃO DA DEPRESSÃO PÓS-PARTO: O papel da enfermagem obstétrica

The research addresses the importance of health education and prevention of postpartum depression in the context of obstetric care, highlighting the role of nursing in the care of pregnant and postpartum women. Postpartum depression is a condition that affects many women and can have serious consequences for the mother and the development of the baby. The general objective of the study was to investigate the impact of health education actionscarried out by obstetric nurses in the prevention and management of postpartum depression, focusing on detection strategies, emotional support and educational interventions. The methodology used was a literature review, covering scientific articles published between 2019 and 2024, resulting in 12 articles addressing the role of obstetric nursing in health education and prevention of postpartum depression, in which the inclusion criteria were articles published in Portuguese, and the Inclusion Criterion with the DeCS: Depression. Obstetric Nursing. Health Education. Studies in Portuguese that specifically addressed the role of these professionals in this context were included. The research was conducted through electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus and VHL, using descriptors related to mental health, childbirth and health education. The results indicate that obstetric nurses play an essential role in raising awareness and supporting women, promoting preventive practices that reduce the incidence of postpartum depression. The implementation of educational and welcoming strategies in the prenatal and postpartum period, associated with continuous emotional support, proved to be effective in improving the mental health of pregnant and postpartum women.

Environmental impacts and BIM: a Portuguese heritage case study

PurposeThis paper aims to compare the possible environmental impacts of different rehabilitation solutions proposed to a case study of a Portuguese vernacular building, bearing in mind the need to search for less impactful practices in accordance with global agendas and, simultaneously, the importance of preserving heritage assets.Design/methodology/approachThe two proposed solutions differ from each other in the selection of materials, varying from the exclusive use of conventional contemporary materials to the use of locally sourced and natural-based materials, considering the Portuguese and local scenario. Results obtained from Life Cycle Assessment procedures are the basis of comparison, which were developed using a Building Information Model (BIM)-integrated analytical plugin.FindingsProducing Heritage Building Information Model (HBIM) models was essential to the analysis, and therefore is a vital part of the used methodology; nevertheless, the modelling of heritage buildings itself plays an important part in preserving heritage assets once it provides precise documenting and managing tools. The results depict variation in values for different indicators in both cases, whose interpretation might need further development to get to deeper conclusions. It has been found that the software tools are still not well adapted to analyse heritage or historic buildings, and therefore adaptations had to take place to overcome these limitations.Originality/valueThe study distinguishes itself by involving the production of HBIM models and the use of BIM-integrated Life Cycle Assessment plugins as well as its analyses, to validate this approach.

Microelimination of Hepatitis C in Patients with Substance Use and Dual Disorders – a Portuguese Study

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a serious condition of public health importance. In Portugal, the prevalence of detectable hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies is approximately 0.54%, with a higher prevalence in high-risk groups. Compared with the general population, the prevalence of HCV infection is higher in individuals with psychiatric disorders. As no studies have reported the prevalence of HCV antibodies in Portuguese patients with psychiatric conditions and substance use disorders, we conducted an observational, prospective study of patients followed in the Dual Pathology Outpatient and Inpatient Unit of Coimbra Hospital and University Center (CHUC), Patients were tested for HCV antibodies. Of the 149 patients, 17.4% were positive for HCV antibodies and 7.4% had detectable HCV RNA indicating CHC. Most patients with confirmed CHC were male inpatients, aged 50 to 59 years, and reported unprotected sex with more than one concurrent partner in the past 6 months. Their most common psychiatric diagnosis was "Disorders due to use of multiple specified psychoactive substances, including medications." The prevalence of HCV antibodies and confirmed CHC were higher in patients followed in the Dual Pathology Outpatient and Inpatient Unit than in the general Portuguese population.

P9: Preventable adverse events and related outcomes among people with dementia in hospital settings: Scoping review

Background: Hospital-related negative outcomes such as reduced functional ability and mortality are significantly more frequent in people with dementia compared to other groups. Although these can result from preventable adverse events (AE) related to care standards (e.g., in-hospital falls or infection), researchers usually link such outcomes with the dementia itself. To date, it is unclear whether and the extent to which negative outcomes in hospitalised people with dementia are partly or fully due to the occurrence of AE.Aim: To explore the AE endured by people with dementia in hospital settings and to determine whether and the extent to which these are associated with negative outcomes.Methods: A scoping review was undertaken in line with Arksey and O’Malley’s framework in PUBMED, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus in October 2023. Primary studies in English, Spanish, or Portuguese published in peer-reviewed journals were eligible.Results: Of the 1,976 retrieved documents, 16 were included. Considering all studies and AE together, people with dementia had between 2.8 to 5.2 times higher risk of having an AE compared to people without dementia. In non- surgical settings, the most frequently reported AE were falls, delirium, and infections, while in surgical settings, these included postoperative delirium, infections, and other complications. Longer hospital stay, increased healthcare costs, higher risk of discharge to residential care (vs. home), and increased mortality were significantly more frequent in people with dementia. The link between the AE and negative outcomes was explored in three studies: longer hospital stay was linked to having endured a fall, delirium, or pneumonia as AE; higher risk of 90- day readmission was linked to having had delirium, and higher mortality was found in those with a hip fracture due to an in-hospital fall.Conclusions: AE are more common in people with dementia compared to other hospitalised groups and may be largely responsible for the negative outcomes found in this population. However, current evidence is limited and does not allow for this relationship to be confidently established. Future research should further explore such associations with the goal to improve care and safety for people with dementia in hospital settings.

In Silico Characterization of Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Modulation in Diabetic Nephropathy: The Construction of a Genetic Panel

Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) stands as a primary cause of end-stage renal disease and its etiology remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to construct a genetic panel with potential biomarkers linked to the inflammatory pathway of DN associated with the pathology’s susceptibility. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, we selected observational studies in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, selected from the PubMed, SCOPUS, Virtual Health Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases. Additionally, a protein–protein interaction network was constructed to list hub genes, with differential expression analysis by microarray of kidneys with DN from the GSE30529 database to further refine results. Seventy-two articles were included, and 54 polymorphisms in 37 genes were associated with the inflammatory pathway of DN. Meta-analysis indicated a higher risk of complication associated with SNPs 59029 G/A, −511 C/T, VNTR 86 bp, −308 G/A, and −1031 T/C. Bioinformatics analyses identified differentially expressed hub genes, underscoring the scarcity of studies on CCL2 and VEGF-A genes in relation to DN. This study highlighted the intrinsic relationship between inflammatory activity in the etiology and progression of DN, enabling the effective application of precision medicine in diabetic patients for potential prognosis of the complications and contributing to cost reduction in the public health system.

Enhancement of per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) quantification on surface waters from marinas in the douro river, Portugal

PFAS, known as "forever" compounds, are prevalent in various environments, including soils and aquatic systems, due to extensive usage. Surface waters in several European countries, especially marinas and ports with high boat traffic, require further study as potential contamination sources. Reliable methods for the extraction and quantification of these emergent compounds are essential. This study aimed to improve an existent solid phase extraction method to analyse marinas and ports’ surface waters with variable salinities (2, 9 and 17 PSU). The objectives were to: 1) optimise the solid phase extraction method, considering matrix salinity effects and cross-contaminations, 2) validate the extraction and quantification method of 18 EPA 537.1 PFAS in estuarine surface waters, using the Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Quadrupole Time – Of – Flight – Tandem Mass spectrometry, and 3) apply the optimised method for PFAS quantification in three Portuguese marinas. All ICH criteria were successfully validated considering 9 PSU. Limits of quantification ranged from 117.80 ng/L to 385 ng/L, except for PFHpA (645.85 ng/L). PFAS levels (PFOA, HFPO-DA, PFBS, PFHxS and PFOS) were relatively low, reaching a maximum of 0.32 ng/L only for the PFOA. In Freixo marina, total average concentrations were slightly higher (∑PFAS = 1.02 ng/L) when compared to the ones found in Cais da Ribeira Port (∑PFAS = 0.94 ng/L) and Afurada marina (∑PFAS = 0.81 ng/L). PFOS concentrations are below the limit values set by the Environmental Quality Standards (36000 ng/L of PFOS for inland surface water, respectively), similar to other Portuguese river studies. This study enabled the development of a precise and reliable extraction and quantification method to quantify PFAS in estuarine surface waters, particularly from marinas. This method can be readily applied to analyse PFAS in other estuarine samples.