Students Worldwide Research Articles

Students’ perception of e-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic: a survey study of Iranian nutrition science students

BackgroundCOVID–19 pandemic caused university closures, which created learning challenges for students worldwide. Switching to online educational systems had significant impact on students’ performances. The current study aims to investigate the perception of university students from the Nutrition Science department regarding e-learning in Iran.MethodsThe design of the study is cross-sectional. Data were collected through online surveys from Iranian students from the Nutrition Sciences Department. Stratified random sampling was used to randomly select 955 participants. A self-administered validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Chi-Square tests were used for analysis of the data.ResultsResults revealed that 67.2% of students didn’t have any former experience of e-learning. About 38.3% had moderate levels of Information Technology (IT) skills. Our results revealed that based on students’ responses, being able to stay at home was one of the most common benefits of e-learning (39.1%). However, the most common challenge that students faced was related to technical problems (39.6%). When compared to e-learning, most students preferred face-to face type of learning. Students believed that this method no only increased their knowledge but also their skills and social competence as compared to e-learning. Only 28% of students rated e-learning as enjoyable. Furthermore, acceptance of online based education was statistically associated with students’ degree level.ConclusionIn conclusion, students reported both advantages and disadvantages of e-learning but still reported that face-to-face learning is considered the most effective form of learning.

Educating the Elites: An Examination of the Characteristics and Social Impacts of Elite Universities and Students in the United States

Nowadays, going to elite schools becomes a fashion for students worldwide. However, there are also increasing concerns on the functions and social impacts of the elite education. This essay is going to discuss the following three topics: first, the characteristics of the elite universities and the reasons and implications behind; next is on the characteristics of the students who received elite educations form the top universities in the States; and last is on the social impacts and future of the elite education.

Revisiting the E-Learning Systems Success Model in the Post-COVID-19 Age: The Role of Monitoring Quality

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about significant changes in educational delivery methods and student learning. E-learning systems, which previous research had found to be effective in voluntary contexts, suddenly became mandatory but proved to be less effective for students worldwide. Hence, there is a need for academics and practitioners to revisit the e-learning systems success model in the post-COVID-19 era. Building upon previous e-learning and information systems success models, this study aimed to re-specify and validate the e-learning systems success model by examining the role of monitoring quality. Data were collected from 191 college students and analyzed using the partial least squares approach. The results indicated that information quality, system quality, and service quality had a positive influence on both user satisfaction and communication quality, which, in turn, positively impacted loyalty intention and subsequently enhanced learning effectiveness. Notably, the newly added construct of monitoring quality had the strongest effect on communication quality compared to information quality, system quality, and service quality. However, it had no impact on user satisfaction. The findings of this study provide several important theoretical and practical implications for e-learning systems success models in the post-COVID-19 era.

Multidimensional Assessment of the Delivery of Grade 1 Classes under Modular Instruction

This research delves into the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly on educational institutions, necessitating the temporary closure of schools, which are primary learning environments for a vast number of students worldwide. In response to this challenge, the Department of Education (DepEd) in the Philippines implemented the Modular Distance Learning Modality (MDL), with a preference for this approach in many public schools across the country. MDL relies on printed and digital modules for instructional delivery. The primary objective of this research is to comprehensively assess the implementation of MDL for Grade 1 classes in selected public elementary schools in Santiago, Agusan del Norte. Specific goals include investigating stakeholder perspectives, identifying pedagogical needs for teacher support, measuring pupil competency in reading, writing, and numeracy, and formulating evidence-based recommendations for targeted catching-up programs. These programs aim to better prepare Grade 1 learners to transition to face-to-face classes, contributing valuable insights to educational policies and practices. Utilizing a descriptive research design incorporating both qualitative and quantitative techniques, this study investigates the lived experiences of teachers, tutors, and parents through interviews and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that a majority of Grade 1 pupils exhibit low or very low competencies in reading and numeracy while demonstrating above-average and excellent skills in writing.

ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH PROMOTING LIFE STYLE BEHAVIORS AMONG SAUDI ARABIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

University students worldwide are sedentary and have unhealthy lives. As a result, the idea of health promoting universities was developed to address this issue. Despite its enormous impact on university students' health, the notion of health promoting institutions has not yet been properly explored internationally. The main purpose of the present study is to identify the level and factors associated with health promoting life style behaviors among Saudi Universities Students. a cross-sectional study was used to assess health promoting behaviors among nursing students in Saudi Arabia. Convenient sampling method was done on 727 participants. Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) scale adopted from Walker et al. (1987) based on the Pender’s health-promoting model was used in the current study. Different statistical procedures were done to achieve the study objectives. The total mean score of health promoting behavior among study participants is 121.52±19.35. The highest mean score of health promoting behavior domain was observed in Spiritual growth (2.65± 0.50), while the lowest mean score was observed in Physical activity (1.90± 0.59). Results showed that there is no significant difference in the mean score of participants’ health promoting behavior with regards to their gender, age, income, marital status, level of study, smoking status (p>0.05). Health insurance showed significant association with health promoting behavior (p<0.05). This research demonstrates how having health insurance may effectively affect the health-promoting behaviors of nursing students. In order to assist university administrators and personnel in the development of strategies that are more efficient in fostering health-promoting habits among nursing students, the research offers recommendations.

An SPSS Analysis of the Effects of Online and Offline Classes on Students

The advent of online learning has brought about a significant transformation in the education landscape, challenging the traditional model of classroom-based instruction. The integration of online and offline classes has had a profound impact on students worldwide. Online classes provide flexibility, convenience, and access to a wide range of resources, enabling students to learn at their own pace. It has also fostered a global learning community, transcending geographical boundaries. However, the transition to online learning has not been without challenges. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) is a widely used software program for statistical analysis in various fields, including social sciences, psychology, and market research. Developed by IBM, SPSS offers a comprehensive range of statistical procedures and data manipulation tools. It provides a user-friendly interface that allows researchers to input, organize, analyze, and visualize data easily. SPSS allows researchers to perform a wide array of statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis, t-tests, ANOVA, factor analysis, and many more. It also provides advanced features for data cleaning, recoding variables, and handling missing data. Moreover, SPSS enables researchers to generate meaningful graphs and charts to visualize data and present findings effectively. It offers a flexible and powerful platform for both beginners and experienced researchers to conduct statistical analysis and make data-driven decisions. Overall, SPSS is a valuable tool for researchers and analysts in various disciplines, empowering them to explore and understand data, derive insights, and draw reliable conclusions. Take as Input parameters for Age, gender, Place, qualification, family status, how satisfied are you with the offline classes?, how satisfied are you with online classes?, what rate do you give to online classes when compared to offline classes?, what rate does the students gain knowledge on offline classes when compared to online classes?, how do u rate your college in providing online classes? And At what frequency do you face problems while attending online classes? The Cronbach's Alpha is reported as .653, suggesting a moderate level of internal consistency reliability for the scale. A higher value, closer to 1, would indicate stronger internal consistency. In conclusion, the impact of online and offline classes on students is a complex and evolving subject. The integration of online learning has provided students with unprecedented flexibility, convenience, and access to resources. It has created a global learning community and opened up opportunities for diverse educational experiences. However, the transition to online learning has also posed challenges, such as the lack of face-to-face interaction and potential difficulties with engagement and motivation. Balancing the benefits of both online and offline classes is crucial to optimize student learning outcomes. Continued research and adaptation of teaching methodologies can help harness the potential of online and offline classes to create effective and inclusive learning environments that meet the evolving needs of students in the digital age.

4th International Conference on Green Environmental Engineering and Technology (ICONGEET2022) November 17-18, 2022 · Seoul, South Korea

Preface The 4th International Conference on Green Environmental Engineering and Technology (IConGEET 2022) was a hybrid conference and physically took place in Seoul, Korea on 17-18th November 2022. IConGEET2022 was jointly organised with the 4th International Conference on Green Engineering and Technology (IConGeTech2022). The conference was organized by the Sustainable Environmental Research Group (SERG), Centre of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis. The conference received international and local collaboration, support and participation from the National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection (INCDPM) Romania, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam as well as local universities in Malaysia.It brought together researchers, practitioners, engineers and students worldwide in hope to extend networking, integrate knowledge and exchange ideas among participants. This year, the theme “Driven Technologies toward Sustainable Environment” is driving exciting breakthroughs to help sustaining our planet. Overcoming the engineering challenges of high performance, interoperability and security is critical to delivering next-generation solutions for decreasing emissions, minimizing waste and preventing pollution. Over 70 distinguish researchers, practitioners, engineers and students from across the country have presented their current and intriguing research in the scope of civil and environmental technologies and management, which evolved around five major areas: water and wastewater technology, green technology, air pollution and climate change, environmental management and protection as well as environmental sustainability and development.The conference has gained incredible success due to collective efforts from the organizing committees, the co-organizers, the reviewers, presenters, and all participants. We would like to thank all the reviewers involved in ensuring each contributed paper were refereed and accepted based on interests, relevance, innovation and pure contribution towards environmental engineering and technology fields. Putting together, the success of the conference is a team effort. I am grateful to all the committee members who worked very hard to make this event a successful one. Finally special thanks go to the Universiti Malaysia Perlis for the continuous support throughout the conference event.List of Editors, Organisers, Committee, Organizing & Technical Committee are available in the pdf.

Experiences and Perspectives of Student Nurses Toward Volunteerism during Health Emergencies: A Systematic Review

Abstract The paper discusses how volunteerism, especially among nursing students, helps solve health crises. The study emphasizes community preparedness and volunteers’ unique role in supporting healthcare professionals during crises. Volunteers seek out opportunities to help, unlike emergency responders. Nursing students, a major employment source, are shown to be capable of first aid and emotional support. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the unprecedented need for volunteers. Research shows that nursing students worldwide are willing to help in health emergencies. Professional ethics, humanity, and learning motivate. Self-care issues, system support issues, and psychological impacts are obstacles. The study uses a mixed-methods technique and the PRISMA framework to examine nursing students’ health crisis volunteering experiences, goals, and perceptions. The data show volunteer nursing students’ pleasures and problems. Although volunteering is rewarding, worries about self-care, family well-being, and psychological effects arise. Emotional stress, burnout, compassion fatigue, anxiety, sleep difficulties, guilt, and a lack of support affect nursing students’ mental health. Witnessing and experiencing health emergencies can cause emotional stress, highlighting the need for personalized solutions. The report recommends cash incentives, extensive training, and explicit protocols to increase student volunteering. Nursing students can safely volunteer in high-stress situations by recognizing and addressing the mental health risks and providing support and tools. The article recommends a holistic approach to volunteerism that recognizes its benefits and promotes the mental health and well-being of motivated nursing students. Nursing students helping in health emergencies need sufficient training, psychological support, and self-care to protect their mental health, according to the study. Providing support, shifting schedules, and understanding the emotional toll of employment are vital. Nursing schools should include emergency response training to prepare students for pandemic leadership.

Academic resilience in higher education

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused a worldwide pandemic and a catastrophic quarantine for all humanity for which very few were prepared, this event caused many people, especially young students, a level of stress to which many were not accustomed, which generated serious physical and psychological problems as it completely changed the routine that in the case of most university students have been doing for more than 15 years. Students had to face the loss of their families, friends and close people, others less fortunate had to face the loss of their jobs, which caused a considerable number of students in Mexico and worldwide to drop out of school. The main purpose of the research consisted of finding out the perception of university students during the context of COVID 19 and the strategies they implemented to resolve the different situations they faced academically, as well as the st, the strategies they implemented to resolve the situations they faced academically, and rategies they used to adapt to the new normality. The main purpose of the research consisted of findin, the strategies they implemented to resolve the situations they faced academically, and g out the perception of university students during the context of COVID 19 and the strategies they implemented to resolve the different situations they faced academically, as well as the strategies they used to adapt to the new normality. The method used was the hypothetical deductive method, and the study was exploratory. The sample consisted of 351 students from the Universidad Tecnológica de León (UTL), who responded to an online form. In the results obtained, apathy and little or no awareness of the importance of their learning were identified in their responses, regardless of the pandemic factor, which, although it is a relevant factor, and which showed the students' areas of opportunity, it is not the only one. This study identifies academic resilience as an element to be considered as a milestone for innovation in university educational processes, as well as the impetus for optimal academic development, the implementation of learning communities in educational institutions.

Technostress and academic motivation: direct and indirect effects on university students' psychological health.

Research has well demonstrated that the pandemic entailed several implications among university students worldwide in terms of increased use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), technostress, disruptions in academic goals and motivation processes, and growing psychological suffering. Responding to the new research need to go in-depth into the processes linking technostress and motivation dimensions to inform current research/interventions, the present study aimed to explore the direct effects of perceived Technostress dimensions (Techno-Overload, Work-Home Conflict, Pace of Change, Techno-Ease, Techno-Reliability, and Techno-Sociality) and Academic Motivation dimensions (Amotivation, Intrinsic, and Extrinsic Motivation dimensions) on students' perceived levels of Anxiety/Depression and test the potential indirect effect (mediating role) of Academic Motivation dimensions in the associations between Technostress and psychological health conditions. Overall, 1,541 students from five European countries (Czech Republic, Greece, Italy, Serbia, United Kingdom) completed a survey comprising a Background Information Form, the Technostress Scale, the Academic Motivation Scale-College, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Hayes' PROCESS tool was used to test direct and indirect (mediating) effects. Data revealed that Techno-Overload, Work-Home Conflict, Amotivation, and Extrinsic Motivation-Introjected had a direct negative effect, whereas Techno-Ease, Techno-Reliability, Techno-Sociality, all Intrinsic Motivation dimensions, and Extrinsic Motivation-Identified had a direct protective role for students' psychological health. The significant indirect role of motivation dimensions in the associations between Technostress dimensions and Anxiety/Depression was fully supported. Findings allow gaining further insight into the pathways of relationships between technostress, motivation, and psychological health, to be used in the current phase, featured by the complete restoration of face-to-face contacts, to inform the development of tailored research and interventions, which address lights and shadows of the technology use, and which take into account the necessity to enhance its potentials yet without impairing students' motivation and psychological health.

WhatsApp’s SMS Application: A Tool for Vocabulary Learning

Since this world is progressing and the new generation is increasingly adopting mobile phones in their everyday lives, thus, WhatsApp media and other mobile applications are increasingly being used at educational institutions all around the world. Therefore, the current study investigated the WhatsApp SMS application’s use in the vocabulary learning in the engineering university, Sindh, Pakistan. The study used a mixed-mode quasi-experimental pre-test post-test research design, in which students' vocabulary ability was assessed before they participated in WhatsApp classes and subsequently through post-test after the experiment. Moreover, students' experiences were also documented through the analysis of SMS messages they posted on a WhatsApp group (during experiment). The quantitative data was analysed on SPSS and the findings of the study revealed that WhatsApp’s SMS application usage posited a significant difference in the enhancement of vocabulary of the experimental group of students. Moreover, students’ postings (SMSs) on WhatsApp group were analysed qualitatively following the thematic analysis. The qualitative analysis also revealed positive experiences of students concerning WhatsApp’s SMS application in learning vocabulary. The current study reveals the benefits of WhatsApp’s SMS application on tertiary students worldwide, as well as instructors, syllabus designers who develop courses for tertiary students, and policymakers who make educational policies, by instilling technology-enabled social media tools (specifically WhatsApp) in the ESL classroom context both nationally and internationally.

Prevalence of smoking cigarettes and beliefs regarding smoking habits among medical students: a cross-sectional study in Sudan.

Smoking is a common problem in university students worldwide. Smoking is one of the most dangerous social phenomena and has a significant impact on public health. This study investigated the beliefs and attitudes of medical students toward smoking in Sudan. A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students at Al Neelain University, Sudan, from March to June 2022 using a web-based questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of eight items on demographic characteristics and 13 on the beliefs and attitudes toward smoking. Other data included smoking status, smoking habits, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, and smoking duration. Data analysis was performed descriptively, and chi-square test and logistic regression were conducted using SPSS version 24. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. A total of 336 students participated in this study, and the smoking prevalence was 48.8% (41.1% in men and 7.7% in women). In total, 76.8% reported smoking daily at a rate of 5-10 cigarettes per day. In terms of students' beliefs about smoking, 86.8% disagreed with selling cigarettes at the university. Of the respondents, 68.4% did not approve smoking on campus. There was a relationship between smoking habits and the age group of 22-25 years, which was the highest smoking category among students (p-value = 0.01). The prevalence of cigarette smoking among medical students is disturbing, particularly as they are future doctors. There is a need to include plans to reduce smoking among students that can be incorporated into courses and special programs.

Can an Online Course, Life101: Mental and Physical Self-Care, Improve the Well-Being of College Students?

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of college students worldwide. As colleges shifted to online instruction, students faced disruptions and increased stressors, leading to a decline in mental health that appears to continue in the postpandemic era. To alleviate this problem, academic institutions have implemented various interventions to address mental health issues; however, many of these interventions focus on a single approach and lack diverse delivery methods. This viewpoint introduces the concept of a multimodal self-care online course, Life101: Mental and Physical Self-Care, and discusses the potential effectiveness of such an intervention in improving students' well-being. The course combines evidence-based interventions and incorporates interactive lectures, workshops, and guest speakers. Pre- and postcourse surveys were conducted over a span of 4 academic terms to evaluate the impact of this course on the well-being and self-care practices of students. The survey data suggest positive outcomes in students taking Life101, including the adoption of healthier habits, reduced stress levels, and increased knowledge and practice of self-care techniques. Life101 represents a novel multimodality intervention to address the epidemic of mental health issues faced by students today. By implementing similar evidence-based multimodal didactic curricula across campuses, academic institutions may be able to better equip students to navigate challenges and promote their overall well-being.

Medicine as a career choice: a comprehensive study on factors influencing Sudanese students to opt in/out medical career

BackgroundThe medical profession is one of the most highly respected and desired professions among students worldwide, most likely because it provides opportunities for both a financially and socially rewarding career. However, while it has been quite established that factors such as self-interest, family pressure, friend pressure, and socioeconomic status do influence the choice of medicine among students worldwide, the exact reasons for an individual to join a medical school may actually vary worldwide. The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore factors influencing medical students to opt in/out medical careers in Sudan.MethodsAn institutional based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Khartoum in the year 2022 with a random sample of 330 students that was obtained from the medical students at the The University of Khartoum, Faculty of Medicine using stratified random sampling.ResultsSelf-interest was the most common factor influencing opting in (choosing) medical profession (70.6%) (n = 233), followed by getting a very high score in high-school that qualifies into the faculty (55.5%) (n = 183). Regarding the factors affecting medical students’ choices, parental pressure was the main factor (37.0%) (n = 122), followed by other relatives’ pressure (12.4%) (n = 41), and 4.2% (n = 14) chose Peer pressure. 59.7% (n = 197) of the participants stated that they were not affected by any of these factors. Most of the participants felt that the general perception of the medical profession by society is that it is prestigious and has good career opportunities, only 5.8% (n = 19) believed that it is “Not appreciated at all” by the society. A statistically significant association was found between the type of admission & parent pressure (p value 0.01). out of 330 participants, (56.1%) (n = 185) have opted out i.e. lost their interest or regretted their choice of medical career. Academic difficulties was the most common factor causing students to opt-out of the medical career (37%) (n = 122) followed by Multiple suspensions of education (35.2%) (n = 116), Current political & security conflicts in Sudan (29.7%) (n = 98), Poor quality of education (24.8%). The proportion of students having regrets for the medical profession was significantly higher among females. Over one third of the participants reported having depressive symptoms more than half days of the week. No statically significant correlation was established between the academic level and having these depressive symptoms and no statistically significant correlation was established between the decision to opt-out and the academic level (class) of the individuals (P = 0.105).ConclusionsOver half of Sudanese medical students at the University of Khartoum have already lost their interest or regretted their choice of medical career choice. Whether these future doctor chose to drop out or continue their path in the medical career suggests that they are more prone to serious hardships in their future careers. A careful comprehensive approach should further explore and try to offer solutions for problems like “Academic difficulties”, “multiple suspension of education”, and “poor quality of education” for they were the most common factors that caused medical students to opt out of the medical career.

Blended/flipped biology classes during COVID-19.

Higher education has been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, disrupting universities worldwide. Unexpectedly, the global academic community was forced to transition to remote and online learning. In many cases, fragilities in the systems of the higher education institutions were exposed, pointing to the need for investment in developing more digital solutions, infrastructure, and teaching modalities. In the post-COVID-19 era, the development and adoption of robust pedagogical modalities is crucial to provide the education systems with effective strategies for designing high-quality courses. Since 2008, MOOCs have been widely used to support billions of students worldwide with flexible, accessible, and high-quality learning experiences. This study attempts to investigate the effectiveness of adopting the MOOC-based flipped approach. We present findings and lessons learned from adopting this approach in two different biology classes using the MITx online materials. Findings on students' preparedness, students' performance, MOOCs integration evaluation, and during-pandemic approach assessment are also explained. In general, the results indicated that students favored the overall experience and the implemented approach. Since the online learning is currently at an evolving stage in Egypt, we believe this study's results might be beneficial for policymakers and Egyptian education institutions in designing strategies to improve the education process.

Shadow Education in China: An Analytical Discussion from a Supply and Demand Perspective

Nowadays, private tutoring, also called shadow education, is received by students worldwide, and this behavior is particularly common in China. Students and tutors can satisfy their own needs simultaneously in this process. However, this practice also brings problems as the industry grows steadily. Previous scholars mainly focus on data results and policies to improve when researching this topic; nonetheless, the economic factors and effects are equally important. The current paper investigates the factors shaping the demand and supply of shadow education in China. Our finding suggests the demand of the public and suppliers’ willingness to provide an evolvable market environment for private tutoring. Some inefficiencies and financial problems are also discussed. Combining the technological change that shaped this industry, future studies could emphasize the supply side and the interaction within the shadow education market.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Inequity and Unmet Needs in Conducting Systematic Reviews (SRMA) and Meta-Analysis Among Medical Students and Junior Doctors.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses allow a transparent, rigorous, and replicable analysis to summarize the results of multiple related studies and are considered top of the evidence-based medicine study hierarchy. The COVID-19 pandemic has shed light on the unmet educational needs of students worldwide, notably those from underprivileged backgrounds. This cross-sectional study aimed to ascertain students' and junior doctors' attitudes on their current knowledge, confidence and preparedness of appraising and conducting systematic reviews and meta-analysis internationally. A free online webinar was held in May 2021 by the senior author and a pre-event questionnaire was distributed. Responses collected were used for analysis anonymously to ascertain students' knowledge, experience, and confidence in preparing a systematic review and meta-analysis using a 1-5 Likert scale using IBM SPSS 26.0. Associations were examined using Chi-square and crosstabs analysis. Out of 2004 responses from 104 countries included in the analysis, the majority of delegates were from lower middle-income countries and were not familiar with the PRISMA checklist (59.2% and 81.1% respectively of the total number of participants). The majority had never attended any formal training (83%) and felt their medical institute gave them minimal advice (72.5%) in preparing systematic reviews. Among those who had attended formal training, the proportion was significantly higher in those belonging to high and upper middle-income countries combined (20.3%) than lower and lower-middle-income countries combined (15%). This study highlights gaps that need addressing to enhance the knowledge of medical students and junior doctors performing systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Clear disparities are found in country income and the level of education. Future large-scale studies are needed to understand the rationale of working on online research projects and the opportunities available to medical students and junior doctors that may lead to medical curriculum changes.

Prevalence of depression, anxiety and burnout in medical students at the University of Namibia.

There is an increased prevalence of depression, anxiety, and burnout among medical students worldwide with no information from Namibia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety, and burnout among medical students at the University of Namibia (UNAM). A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted utilising a specially designed questionnaire for the study and standardised instruments to evaluate depression, anxiety, and burnout. Of the 229 students in this study, 71.6% were female and 28.4% were male. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and burnout was 43.6%, 30.6%, and 36.2%, respectively. The prevalence of emotional exhaustion (EX), cynicism (CY), and professional efficacy (EF) was 68.1% (n = 156), 77.3% (n = 177) and 53.3% (n = 122), respectively. In the final regression model, participants with a current psychiatric illness were more likely to screen positive for depression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.06, confidence interval [CI] 1.28-12.91; p = 0.02) and anxiety (aOR: 3.63, CI: 1.17-11.23; p = 0.03). Emotional exhaustion and cynicism were significantly associated with female gender (EX: aOR, 0.40, CI: 0.20-0.79; p = 0.01) (CY: aOR, 0.42, CI: 0.20-0.91; p = 0.03). More than one in three medical students at the UNAM were either depressed or burnt out. This is the first study to highlight the mental health needs of medical students at the University of Namibia.

Drivers and Barriers of Social Sustainable Development and Growth of Online Higher Education: The Roles of Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness

Online and distance learning classes have been touted for the last several years as an innovation in higher education that should help improve the entrepreneurial growth mindset of students. However, the reported negative online learning experience of many college students worldwide during the COVID-19 epidemic has shown that many opportunities remain to improve the sustainable development and growth of online visual instruction practices. In this study, we outline and investigate a set of hypotheses related to the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use (from TAM) of online video instruction in higher education courses during the pandemic. We employ grounded theory using autoethnographic case studies as a data source. We found that (a) synchronous broadcast lectures improve participant attitude (H1) and motivation (H2) toward online instruction, (b) prerecorded video instruction increases participant perceived “ease of use” (H3) and perceived behavioral control (H4) of online instruction, but (c) indicators of recorded dates on pre-recorded video instruction decreases participant perceived “usefulness” (H5) and “certainty” (H6) of online instruction. We enrich the insights of popular motivation models for organizations and the higher education industry by outlining a set of emotional elements originating in neuroscience leadership research (SCARF) that might either amplify or diminish the perceived the ease of use and perceived usefulness to technology usage relationships when participations engage in online learning situations.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Promoting Academic Integrity in Education: A Systematic review

Technological advancements are improving very fast, just recently there was the introduction of ChatGPT has had a serious impact on education. This poses a significant challenge to education integrity, accessibility, and inclusivity. Many students worldwide do online learning due to the pandemic that hit the world back in 2019. This led to integrating online as a strategy to control in-person interactions. Online learning has thus led to increased cases of cheating and a lack of academic integrity. Using Meta-Analysis, this study intends to determine how using artificial intelligence has helped promote academic integrity. This brief scoping study aims to gauge the depth of the literature exploring the relationship between academic honesty and AI in schools of higher learning. This review will examine the papers included to draw conclusions about this developing field and the ethical considerations that must be considered. The higher education administration, faculty, administration, and those studying academic integrity will all find our findings helpful.