Rural School Students Research Articles

Describing Rural Charter Schools in the United States

ABSTRACT Ample research has explored the nature and efficacy of urban charter schools since the turn of the century. However, much less attention has been given to the rural charter school sector. Using data obtained from the National Alliance for Public Charter Schools from the 2018–2019 school year, we describe rural charter schools nationally in terms of the students they serve, school-level characteristics, and how innovative they are in their curricula, pedagogical foci, and the student populations they enroll. We then compare states in terms of the statewide policies that have been enacted. Compared to their rural traditional public school counterparts, rural charters enroll more nonwhite students and fewer students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. Almost half of all rural charters are located in five states, and rural charters are more likely to have non-traditional grade configurations compared to schools in other geographic settings. Most rural charter schools are not affiliated with a CMO or EMO. Hawaii has the largest market share of rural charter school students and also has the greatest proportion of its charter schools located in rural areas. States that do not place caps on the number of charter schools that open were found to have more of their charter schools located in rural areas.

A Qualitative Content Analysis of Rural and Urban School Students' Menstruation-Related Questions in Bangladesh.

Nearly half of Bangladeshi girls reach menarche without knowledge of menstruation and many fear seeking support due to pervasive menstrual stigma. We aimed to explore the types of menstruation-related information and support adolescent female and male students want but may be uncomfortable verbalising. We installed a locked box in four school classrooms in rural and urban Bangladesh as part of a menstrual hygiene management pilot intervention between August 2017 and April 2018. Trained teachers provided puberty education to female and male students in classes 5–10 (ages 10–17 years) and encouraged students to submit questions anonymously to the boxes if they did not want to ask aloud. We conducted a content analysis of the 374 menstruation-related questions from a total of 834 submissions. Questions regarded experiences of menstrual bleeding (35%); menstrual symptoms and management (32%); menstrual physiology (19%); behavioural prescriptions and proscriptions (6%); concerns over vaginal discharge (4%); and menstrual stigma, fear, and social support (4%). Students wanted to understand the underlying causes of various menstrual experiences, and concern over whether particular experiences are indicative of health problems was pervasive. Ensuring comprehensive school-based menstruation education and strengthening engagement among schools, parents, and healthcare providers is important for improving access to reliable menstrual health information and may relieve adolescents’ concerns over whether their menstrual experiences are ’normal’.

Rural-Urban Divide in Access to ICT Devices, Skills and its Usage among Government School Students and their Perception towards ICT Education

In the 21st century every sector has been emerging with new technological changes in terms of digitalisation and communication. Particularly in the field of industries and service sector rapid changes can be seen at all levels. In order to get jobs in this 21st century the students should equip with the required technical skills where they can sustain themselves for better future. In every individual’s day to day life activities the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become an essential part. Then how best the government schools in India are equipped with Information and Communication Technology (ICT)? As part of PhD the researcher has conducted the study to assess the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills among rural and urban school students and its usage in government secondary schools in Telangana State. A total sample of 1824 government secondary school students of 8th, 9th & 10th class were selected for the study from Warangal Rural and Warangal Urban districts. Chi-square test and t-test were performed to analyse the differences. The study reveals that there is statistical significant difference between the rural and urban students’ availability of ICT devices - smart mobile (p=0.0041) and computer (p =0.0042) at their homes. Only one-fourth of the rural and urban students had given correct answers to basic computer related questions and having very poor computer skills. Both urban and rural students had perceived positively asserting that there will be an impact of ICT usage on learning. Key words: digitalisation, jobs, skills, students, government schools, rural, urban.

The knowledge of rural secondary school students on spectacle wear for correction of refractive errors: a south east Nigerian study

Background: Uncorrected refractive error, the second commonest cause of preventable blindness globally, places a heavy burden on individuals and the society. Spectacles remain the cheapest mode of its correction. Despite the affordability and accessibility of spectacles, the prevalence of uncorrected refractive error remains high due to low demand for spectacles when needed. This could be related to knowledge regarding spectacle wear. Objective: To assess the knowledge of rural secondary school students in Ebonyi State on spectacle wear for correction of refractive errors with a view to improving their utilization of spectacle wear for refractive error correction. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of 11 randomly selected rural secondary schools in Ebonyi State, done from September, 2016 to December, 2016. The study instrument was a pretested, researcher-administered questionnaire with sub-fields on participant’s socio-demographics and knowledge of rural secondary school students towards spectacle wear for correction of refractive errors. The collected data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software for windows, version 22.0. Good knowledge of spectacle use was determined by proportion of students who correctly answered 50% of the questions. Descriptive statistics yield frequencies, percentages and proportions, analytical statistics utilized Chi-square or Fishers’ exact test for categorical variables, and student-t test for continuous variables. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 453 participants comprising 192 (42.4%) males and 261 (57.6%) females (M: F = 1:1.4) aged 11 to 18 with a mean age of 14.6 ± 1.8 SD years. Most (60.3%; n=273) of the respondents had good knowledge of spectacle wear for refractive error correction. Predictors of good knowledge included being: male, (AOR=0.5; 95% CI = 0.317-0.780), p< 0.002, junior class (AOR=0.6 95% CI: 0.420-0.989), p <0.044, father being self-employed (AOR=1.8,95% CI: 1.173- 2.858), p< 0.008, mother being self-employed (AOR=0.4, 95% CI: 0.173-0.795), p< 0.011 and mothers being unemployed (AOR=0.3, 95% CI: 0.104-0.857), p< 0.025. Conclusion: Knowledge of spectacle wear for correction of refractive error was generally good. However most of the participants had poor knowledge of the use of eye glasses for correction of refractive errors.

Comparative study on health consciousness between rural and urban school students

Health is a very important part to our daily life. Good health depends on many factors, such as Genetic factors, Environmental factors, social factors, Economic factors etc. Health Consciousness define an attitude which one aware about our lifestyle. The data was collected from 50 Rural and 50. Urban school students of Purba Burdwan district through Health Consciousness scales constructed by Chihwei Selenu Hu in 2013. After collecting the data, the researcher gone through descriptive statistics that is Mean, SD and comparative statistics that is “t” to compare difference between two groups. On the basis of result and discussion the following conclusion were drawn -1. Urban students were more Health Conscious, Health Self-Conscious, Mental Health Orientation, and Health Responsibility than Rural school student.2. There was no significance difference in Health Value, Health Information Seeking, Physical Health Orientation between Rural and Urban students.

Using Plickers to Support Student Learning in Rural Schools: A Comprehensive Analysis

This study investigated the effects of Plickers use on rural students’ learning outcomes through two case scenarios. In the first case scenario, the study adopted a preexperimental study method with a focus on comparing Plickers with traditional testing to examine rural students’ learning attitudes toward Plickers. The participants were 24 students in a small rural elementary school in Taiwan who completed 1 month of English learning. In the second case scenario, a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest design was employed to evaluate the instructional effectiveness of Plickers on students’ learning performances. Research participants were 60 students from two classes in a large rural elementary school in Taiwan. During 1 month of math instruction, students in the experimental group took Plickers-based quizzes, whereas students in the control group used small whiteboards to respond during quizzes. The results from the first case indicated that students’ overall attitudes toward Plickers in English class remained positive. The results from the second case revealed that Plickers may enable students to achieve greater learning performance and improvement during math instruction. However, students’ perceptions of Plickers were similar in both cases, indicating joyful learning and active engagement when Plickers was adopted as a formative assessment tool.

Readiness and Ability to Self-Development of Gifted Rural Schoolchildren

Introduction. The article examines the problem of the formation of readiness and ability for self-development among gifted rural schoolchildren as resource qualities of a personality that characterize the potential of its self-realization. The relevance of the problem is determined by the systematic nature of the support of gifted schoolchildren, which assumes consideration of the individual qualities of gifted subjects, the specifics of which, in this case, is determined by living in rural areas. One of the key tasks of systematic psychological and pedagogical support of gifted children and students in rural schools is to help them to know and understand themselves, to reveal their interests, abilities, to teach them to use the properties of their personality as internal resources for effective interaction in society, successful learning, self-realization and high achievements. Materials and Methods. The sample of subjects included 420 schoolchildren from eight rural schools of the Altai Territory. Among them, 49 people identified as gifted. The basic model for identifying the giftedness of schoolchildren was the three-factor model of J. Renzulli. To study the readiness for self-development, the ability to self-development and self-education, test methods and questionnaires were used. Results. It is empirically revealed that the majority of gifted rural schoolchildren has low readiness for self-development and has differences by gender: it is higher in boys than in girls. Among the schoolchildren with undiagnosed giftedness there are more of those who are ready for self-improvement, but not ready for self-knowledge. Intellectual characteristics are more pronounced in gifted boys than in gifted girls; creative characteristics are more pronounced in gifted girls than in gifted boys. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study open up new opportunities for the development of practical methods of psychological and pedagogical activity for the correction and prevention of the identified difficulties in the conditions of rural educational and cultural space. The materials of the article will be useful to the subjects of the educational space, engaged in system interaction in the effective development of the giftedness of children and youth.

COGNITIVE ABILITY OF SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN PUNJAB

Education is a lifelong process and there is no end of education. The entire life from the moment of birth till die, is a procedure of assisting learning with which we become able to face challenges of life situations, struggle successfully and achieve own goals. Cognitive ability is a brain-based skill needed in acquisition of all kinds of knowledge, manipulation of knowledge and applicable of knowledge. Emotional intelligence is the capability to be aware, manage, express own emotions and to control the others’ emotions as well as to handle the interpersonal relationships properly and empathetically. The present study was used to assess cognitive ability and emotional intelligence of the school students.The study was conducted through descriptive method of research.The first group consisted 150 urban school students having75 boys and 75 girls. The other group consisted 150 rural school students having 75 boys and 75 girls.Three district Ludhiana, Patiala and Mansa were selected randomly from Punjab on the basis of high, middle and low literacy rate. Schools from each district were selected on random basis.The results of the study indicated that there was no significant difference between the cognitive ability of male and female school students. The results of the study revealed that there was no significant difference between the cognitive ability of rural and urban.The results of the study presented that there was significant difference between cognitive ability of high level and low level of emotional intelligence of school students. Furthermore,results also shown that there is significant relationship between cognitive ability and emotional intelligence of school students.

Nasal Carriage of Vancomycin- and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Intermediate Students of Urban and Rural Schools of Muthanna Province in Iraq

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common causative agents of infections, from asymptomatic carriers to healthy individuals. It can colonize anterior nares of carriers with a high capability to resist different antibiotics. Students are susceptible to bacterial infection due to some factors, including poor health habits and surrounding school conditions. This study screened the rate of vancomycin- and methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus nose carriers among secondary students in rural and urban schools and its association with some sociodemographic factors. The study sample included 300 male/female students aged 15-20 years from 12 schools of rural and urban areas during the period from November 2020 till May 2021. It was found that males are 2.3 times more of MRSA nose carriage and the rate of infections was higher in rural schools than urban whether among males or females. The prevalence of MRSA was 72/300 (24%) among students with 15/72 (21%) MDR-MRSA isolates with high resistance to Clindamycin and Erythromycin at rate 46% and 42% respectively, and a resistance ranging between (20-26) % for Gentamycin, Levofloxacin, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Rifampin, and Nitrofurantoin with high sensitivity to Vancomycin at 4% of resistance. There was no significant association between MRSA incidence with both medication and chronic diseases despite the 19% of students were self-medicating. Most schools were suffering from a shortage of potable water, disinfectants, and first aid materials. Students lack health awareness about transmissible diseases with unhealthy habits spread among students, as specialized health teams did not visit most schools.

Study on classroom environment and achievement among rural school students

Academic institution intended for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is commonly compulsory and classroom management is related to all teachers actions aimed to establish the simulative learning environment. Classroom environment systems are effective because they increase student success by creating an orderly learning environment that enhances students' academic skills and competencies, as well as their social and emotional development. In these systems, students progress through a series of schools. Among other factors, empirical evidence has confirmed that school climate is powerful in affecting students' academic achievement. However, the extent to which both of student and staff perceptions of school climate influence student achievement. Furthermore, the precise psychological processes underpinning the climate-achievement

Female and Rural School Students Show More Positive Attitudes toward Disability during Physical Education Lessons.

Physical education (PE) lessons offer an excellent opportunity to encourage participation and learning for students with and without disabilities. However, there are still barriers that prevent educative inclusion (EI) from being achieved, with negative attitudes being one of the major issues. This study aimed to explore students without disabilities’ attitudes toward their peers with disabilities in the second stage of Primary Education, examining possible differences according to sex (male or female) and school location (urban or rural). The Scale of Attitudes toward Students with Disabilities in Physical Education–Primary Education (SASDPE-PE), a four-item instrument with a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), was administered to 545 Spanish students aged 9 to 12 years old. The results revealed that girls and students from rural schools showed more positive attitudes toward their peers with disabilities during the PE lessons; differences were significant in both cases. Thus, according to our findings, the SASDPE-PE is a practical tool to assess attitudes, even after an attitude-change programme. Furthermore, PE attitude-change programmes should be implemented, especially considering male students and those enrolled in urban schools.

A Comparative Study on the Level of Creativity of Secondary School Students in Urban and Rural In Malaysia

A Comparative Study on the Level of Creativity of Secondary School Students in Urban and Rural In Malaysia

Study of Awareness about Environmental Problems among Rural and Urban Secondary School Students of Bhaderwah Tehsil of J and K, India

Study of Awareness about Environmental Problems among Rural and Urban Secondary School Students of Bhaderwah Tehsil of J and K, India

Outcomes in Rural and Urban Settings for Students With Disabilities

Limited quantitative research has examined similarities and differences between the academic achievement and discipline outcomes, including suspensions, of students with disabilities in rural and urban schools. Therefore, we leveraged a statewide longitudinal data set to explore academic achievement and discipline outcomes for students with disabilities in rural schools and compared those outcomes to students with disabilities in urban schools. We then followed up with analyses to evaluate differences by disability category. The full data set of students in urban and rural schools included 1,306,134 observations from 366,529 unique students with disabilities across 11 consecutive years. We used a series of linear mixed-effects models to evaluate academic achievement for students in Grades 3 to 8 and generalized linear mixed-effects models to evaluate two discipline outcomes, in- and out-of-school suspensions. Overall, we found that students with disabilities in rural schools had lower reading scores, fewer in-school suspensions, and more out-of-school suspensions. Unique patterns across disability categories also emerged.

Solving Ecological Problems through Physical Computing to Ensure Gender Balance in STEM Education

Research and practice have shown that female students are less interested in engineering and programming. This is related to gender stereotypes and technological self-efficacy. Research has also pointed out that students in rural schools tend to do less well in STEM subjects and are less likely to pursue STEM studies than their peers from large cities. Previous studies have highlighted the benefits of hands-on real-world-related engineering projects by building connections with students’ interests and technology while giving them something exciting to focus on. This study is aimed at investigating whether and how students’ individual characteristics (such as attitudes toward engineering and technology, motivation, and technology anxiety) are associated with rural school students’ engagement, gender differences, and inclusion in sustainable ecological engineering activities with Arduino microcontrollers. Surveys were conducted before and after the activity with pupils of a rural lower secondary school (ages 13–15). The results show that, female students’ initial attitude toward engineering and technology was significantly less positive than that of male students. Despite being novices in physical computing, a whole group of pupils were intrinsically motivated while performing these activities. The findings of this study provide transferable insights into practical STEM education that may strengthen students’ engagement, motivation, and achievement in STEM. The implications of the results of this study can be useful for a better understanding of the individual factors of students that influence future engineering activity design and STEM career selection opportunities.

Principals as Protagonists: Practices Beneficent for Indigenous Education in Rural Schools

The participation and performance of Indigenous students in Australia's schools is below that of other students and is a matter of national concern. Evidence suggests that the impact on student learning of school principals' leadership is significant. What then, can school principals do to improve schooling outcomes for Indigenous students? Herein, we discuss research that investigated school principals' professional practices associated with their leadership of Indigenous education in rural, regional and remote (RRR) schools. Qqualitative research was undertaken using interpretive methodologies and document analysis techniques. Data collected in the period 2012-2014 through evaluations of Indigenous education in thirty one Australian primary, secondary and combined schools, from diverse RRR locations, was used for the research. Principals' professional practices described in the 'Australian Professional Standard for Principals' provided the overall framing for analysis of the data (AITSL, 2014). Principals' extant practices that shape the ecology of education for Indigenous students in rural schools were identified. Educational leadership that authentically values the culture, agency and beliefs of Indigenous people; that places Indigenous students' physical, mental, cultural and spiritual wellbeing at the centre of the schools' activities; that actively develops collaborative relationships and networks based on reciprocity, trust, cooperation and civility; that is guided and sustained by humanistic endeavour, makes a significant contribution towards the participation and achievements of Indigenous students. The article concludes with a framework for leadership of Indigenous education in RRR schools which locates the principal in the role of 'protagonist', building bridging social capital around the practices that contribute holistically to the education of Indigenous students.

Contemporary Australian socio-cultural factors and their influence on medical student rural career intent.

ObjectiveTo understand how contemporary socio‐cultural factors may impact medical students' rural career intent.DesignCross‐sectional study using data from the national Federation of Rural Australian Medical Educators survey.Participants/settingMedical students across 18 Australian universities who completed a full academic year of clinical training in rural areas in 2019.Main outcome measure(s)Preferred location of practice post‐training reported to be either: (i) a major city; (ii) a regional area or large town; or (iii) a small rural location.ResultsIn total, 626 students completed the survey (70.1% response rate). A small rural location was the most preferred location of practice after graduation for 28.3% of the students (95% CI 21.6–36.0). Four socio‐cultural factors were positively associated with a preference for a rural career location: poor health status of rural people, motor vehicle traffic congestion in cities, rural generalist training opportunities in the state and the Royal Flying Doctor Service. Other socio‐cultural factors, including specialists’ under‐employment, Medicare freeze effect on doctors' income, bullying/sexual harassment in hospitals, climate change/natural disasters or recognised rural health personalities did not influence the investigated outcome.ConclusionsOur findings indicate a novel association between contemporary socio‐cultural factors and rural career intention in a cohort of Australian rural clinical school students. These findings advocate for further consideration of research exploring socio‐cultural factors shaping rural career intent and workforce outcomes.

ERICA: prevalence of fish consumption and its association with cardiovascular risk factors and healthy behavior in Brazilian adolescents

ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of fish consumption and its association with cardiovascular risk factors and healthy behavior in Brazilian adolescents. MethodThe authors investigated data from 71,533 participants of the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes - ERICA), a nationwide, cross-sectional, school-based study. Of these, 37,815 adolescents were included for blood analyses. All prevalence estimates were presented proportionally with their 95% confidence intervals. Bivariate relationships were evaluated with Pearson's Chi-square test, and a multinomial logistic regression model was applied, considering p < 0.05. ResultsPrevalence of fish consumption in the 7 days prior to the interview was 28.6% (95%CI 26.9-30.3), significantly higher among male adolescents (p = 0.0049), Asian descendants (p = 0.0270), private and rural school students (p < 0.001), and who resided in the Northern region (p < 0.001). A positive association between fish consumption and healthy behavior (breakfast consumption: OR=1.16; 95%CI 1.10-1.22; meals with family members: lunch: OR = 1.07; 95%CI 1.01-1.13; dinner: OR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.04-1.23; physical activity: OR = 1.14; 95%CI 1.02-1.28) and an inverse association with hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 0.84; 95%CI 0.73–0.98) remained significant even after adjustment for possible confounding factors. ConclusionThis study demonstrated that fish consumption was associated with lower cardiovascular risk and may represent a marker of a healthy lifestyle in Brazilian adolescents.

О реализации проекта «Школьная кооперация» В Республике Татарстан

The article focuses on the need for career guidance in rural schools, the popularization of cooperative entrepreneurship, the results of the «school cooperation» project in the Kazan Cooperative Institute. The relevance of the topic touched upon in this article is due to the fact that today modern youth does not see the possibility of self-realization and a decent lifestyle in rural areas, in their small homeland. The development and promotion of the «school cooperation» project provides an opportunity for young people, students of rural schools to realize the possibilities of doing business in rural areas (and/or in cities) by engaging in cooperative entrepreneurship. Using the method of descriptive analysis of the data set and numerous surveys of rural schools, district administrations of the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as other regions of the Russian Federation, it was concluded that modern youth does not seek to stay in rural areas. The monitoring made it possible to come to the conclusion that in many regions of the republic there is a personnel shortage of individual specialists. Results. Based on the data obtained, the directions of cooperation and the possibility of implementing the «Accelerator of School Cooperatives» project were proposed, which was highly appreciated by the Agency for Strategic Initiatives, corresponds to the goals of national projects and subprojects. Popularization and development of cooperation will make it possible to create a full-cycle cooperation in the future. The materials of the article will be useful to the heads of district administrations, heads of secondary schools for the popularization of cooperative entrepreneurship and the organization of student cooperatives in the regions.

Motivation and implementation of Islamic concept in madrasah ibtidaiyah school: Urban and rural

&lt;span&gt;This study aimed to see how students' motivation and understanding of the concept of Islamic religion in students in rural and urban areas. This research uses mixed-method research. Qualitative data will be supporting data for quantitative data. The sample of this study consisted of 87 students and eight teachers in urban and 99 students and eight teacher rural Islamic elementary school students with random sampling technique. Instrument in the study used a questionnaire for motivation with a Likert scale of 4 and a test for understanding the concept of Islam. In this study, there are two types of data analysis used, namely quantitative analysis using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and category), and inferential statistics (independent sample t-test) using the SPSS 21 application, for qualitative using reducing analysis, analyzing, and interpreting findings from Miles and Huberman. The findings of this study illustrated that motivation was good (M=2.88, SD=0.78) and understanding of student concepts (M=81, SD=0.77) was good too, but in rural areas are better than in urban areas. This finding has implications that the challenges of Islamic religion in urban areas are greater for students. The novelty in this study is the implicit finding of this study that external factors (school social environment, community social environment, family environment) have a major influence on motivation and understanding of Islamic religious concepts.&lt;/span&gt;