Academic Level Of Students Research Articles

A survey over the undergraduate students' approaches toward the management of endodontic emergencies at the Dakar Dental School: A descriptive cross-sectional study

Introduction: Endodontic emergencies are characterized by violent or disabling pain. The management of these emergencies requires a precise diagnosis and an emergency act with or without a prescription. This study primarily aimed to determine undergraduate students' knowledge on the management of endodontic emergencies at the dental school. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, students of the dental school have received questionnaires with two main parts: a first part dealing with students' identification and a second part dealing with students' knowledge and attitudes on endodontic emergency management. Participants were asked to choose the appropriate option (s) for the appropriate management of each type of endodontic emergency. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: Of the 176 students included in this study, 171 questionnaires (97.2%) were completed and returned to the authors. For each emergency, most of the respondents recommended options that are consistent with the standard protocol. The statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between correct responses according to the standard protocol and academic levels of students who attended a conference or training on endodontic emergencies and students who dealt with endodontic emergency during their training (P Conclusion: The study showed that the students' level of knowledge is high. However, they recommended inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions. This shows the need to improve student-training programs on endodontic emergencies.

Assessing Students’ Awareness, Attitude, and Practices on Solid Waste Management in a Philippine Catholic School

This descriptive-correlational study assessed the level of awareness, degree of attitude, and extent of practice on solid waste management (SWM) of high school students of a Diocesan Catholic School. The data were collected using a researcher-made instrument and analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson r. The findings of the study unveiled that students exhibited a high level of awareness, a very positive attitude, and a great extent of practice on SWM regardless of sex and academic level. Also, a significant relationship was found between awareness and practice and sex and academic level of students. Meanwhile, no relationship was found between attitude and sex and academic level. In addition, awareness, attitude, and practice on SWM were correlates. Finally, it indicated that awareness and attitude significantly predict the practice of SWM. It further provided baseline information in designing a comprehensive and effective SWM program to mitigate the problem of solid waste in the school.

The Prevalence of Self-Medication With Painkillers Among Iraqi Medical Students

BACKGROUND: The use of painkillers is widespread worldwide, some people experience unwanted side effects, and some may overuse them. Self-medication is the selection and use of medicines by individuals to treat self-recognized illnesses and collateral symptoms.   
 
 OBJECTIVES: We aim to determine the prevalence and pattern of self-medication with painkillers among a population of undergraduate medical students in Baghdad.
 
 METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study, via convenient sampling, among 502 medical students (n=502) from the University of Baghdad, Al-Mustansirya University, Al-Kindy University, Al-Nahrain University, and Al-Iraqia University. We distributed an anonymous online questionnaire to the students. The survey included questions on demographic variables and information on self-medicating with painkillers during the academic year of 2018-2019.
 
 RESULTS: The prevalence of use of painkillers was 68.73%, 73% were females, and 27% were males. There was a statistically significant association between gender and the use of analgesics. Still, there was no statistically significant association between the academic level of students and analgesic use. The frequency of analgesic use per month was less than once (34.5%) of the participants, 1-3 times (37.1%), 4-6 times (14.2%), 7-9 times (7%), 10-12 times (3.1%), and more than 13 times (4%) of the participants. Most of the respondents (68%) reported that there was no difference in use between regular college days and exam days. The most common cause of use was headache (71%) for males and females, while dysmenorrhea was the second most common cause among female participants (36%). The most common source of information about analgesics relied on by the respondents was from friends (50.1%), family members, pharmacists, textbooks, the internet, and nurses. The most commonly used drug was Acetaminophen.
 
 CONCLUSION: Self-medication with analgesics is highly prevalent among undergraduate medical students in Baghdad, and we need to raise the awareness of the public on the potentials of addictive behavior.

PROBLEMATIKA SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB SERTA UPAYA DALAM MENANGGULANGINYA

The background of this research problem, among others, clearly visible differences in the ability of learning Arabic in the same class even though the material provided in accordance with the student's academic level. This study used a qualitative approach that seeks to describe actual realities on the ground. Data collection methods used include, library research, observation, interviews, and documentation. Field was discovered that 1) there are things that Affect several differences in ability levels of students in learning Arabic in the same class, 2) some of the solutions that can be used to overcome reviews these problems. The conclusion that each individual is different in some respects, particularly in learning Arabic and learning methods by teachers varied greatly affect in tackling these problems. Individual differences among students who appeared in learning Arabic as a second language are: age, sex, closeness between the first language learners and the Arabic language, mastery of the first language learners, Personal factors, the tendency of language, attitude towards Arabic and culture, motivation to learn Arabic, learning styles and so forth.

Perception of Satisfaction and Self-Confidence with High Fidelity Simulation Among Nursing Students in Government Universities.

Background : High Fidelity Simulation (HFS) as a Teaching-Learning Methodology is usually implemented by the teaching institutions in the world. Several studies were conducted proving the significance of this method on improving the students’ learning. With the several factors that hinder the students’ clinical learning experiences, it is necessary to determine the students’ viewpoint regarding the use of HFS in increasing their confidence and satisfaction. Research Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the student perceptions regarding Satisfaction and self-confidence toward High Fidelity Simulation as a learning. Research methodology: A cross-sectional correlation descriptive design was used in this study which was conducted at king Saud university (KSU) and princess Nourah university (PUN) in Riyadh. A quota stratified was used to recruit the participant female Saudi and non-Saudi BSN student with HFS experience who were asked to complete the questionnaire on student satisfaction and self-confidence regarding HFS in learning scale and the simulation design scale. Results: This study found out that the fidelity (realism) is the most important factor in learning related to HFS. The students were satisfied and confident in utilizing HFS. Significant correlations between the profile of the participants’ age and student academic level and the key of the simulation features were shown. It was also found out that there were significant correlations between age and marital status with self-confidence in learning through HFS. Conclusion: Simulation as teaching method is as effective tool as a real-life without life-threatening of the patient and promoting students' performance. The fidelity of the simulation is the most important factor to the student and the students were satisfied and confident with current learning related to HFS. Future studies are needed to examine other learning outcomes such as clinical competence, motivation among student using HFS as a learning strategy. Keywords: high fidelity simulation, satisfaction, self-confidence. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-12-16 Publication date: April 30th 2020

STRATEGIES USED BY UNDERGRADUATE ENGLISH-MAJORED STUDENTS IN ORAL COMMUNICATION

Communication strategies (CSs) play a significant role in enabling EFL students to achieve a higher level of English proficiency and good ability in oral communication. Helping both EFL teachers and students be aware of CSs is essential in the Vietnamese context. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the most commonly used strategies in English oral communication among English-majored students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH)-Vietnam. Two instruments were employed to collect both qualitative and quantitative data, namely (1) the questionnaire and (2) the focus group with the participation of 213 English majored sophomores, juniors and seniors. The findings of the study revealed that the most commonly-used speaking strategies are ‘fluency-oriented’, ‘message reduction and alteration’, and ‘negotiation for meaning while speaking’, and that the students used achievement strategies more often than reduction ones; and the most commonly-used listening strategies are ‘negotiation for meaning while listening’, ‘non-verbal’ and ‘scanning’. The findings also revealed that there are no significant differences in the use of CSs among the three academic levels of students. It is expected that the findings of the study would partly contribute to the enhancement of communicative competence (CoC) and the use of CSs among students at HUTECH in particular and at the Vietnamese tertiary level in general.

Prediction of University Students’ Academic Level based on Linear Regression Model

Aiming at the problems of the prediction results by using the existing methods for university students' academic level prediction, such as large error and long time-consuming prediction, this paper proposes a method based on linear regression model to predict the academic level of university students. In order to improve the accuracy and real-time of prediction, Firstly, the students' academic related information is denoised, and then the denoised academic level information is classified. Finally, the linear regression model is used to predict the academic level of university students. The experimental results show that compared with other methods, the prediction error rate of the proposed method varies from 1% to 8%, and the prediction accuracy rate is higher. The predicted duration of the students academic level is in the range of 1 minute to 5 minutes, and the prediction speed is faster.

Aplicación de teleeducación en el bachillerato técnico intensivo.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo aplicar la teleeducación como un medio de comunicación en los procesos enseñanza y aprendizaje, ya sea de manera síncrona o asíncrona, promoviendo la investigación, innovación y facilitando los procesos de interactividad entre el docente y el estudiante, mejorando el nivel académico de los estudiantes, que por alguna razón no pueden ingresar a una educación presencial.

Genre repertoire for professional communication in the Oxford for Careers course books: English for Nursing 1 and 2

Introduction: The author strongly supports the notion that exposure to various genres and sub-genres in the process of learning and teaching a foreign language, particularly English for Medical Purposes in its nursing variety, can enhance the quality of communication at either every-day, professional or academic levels of students whose major is nursing. Aim: The paper aims at providing the characteristics of various genre types which are present in Oxford for Careers course books: English for Nursing 1 and 2 and which are particularly useful for teaching and learning communication skills. Material and methods: The textbook is seen as an element that is integrated into the process of education, and it is identified as a genre that functions communicatively as a source of instruction and information about how people do things in society. Results and discussion: The analyzed course books were found to constitute a valuable source of written and visual genres and sub-genres with various communicative purposes including: handling in-group and out-group communication as well as managing academic, professional and every-day communication. Conclusions: The notion of a genre-based approach to English language teaching consists in recognizing and understanding various types of genres to which students are exposed in a classroom setting.

Building a structural model of motivational regulation and learning engagement for undergraduate and graduate students in higher education

ABSTRACTStudent motivation is widely recognized as a positive influence on engagement and learning in higher education. This study tested the structural relationships between motivational regulation strategies (MRSs) and engagement moderated by academic level (undergraduate and graduate) and learning environment (classroom and online). A total of 252 undergraduate and graduate students participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the construct validity of the measurement and the measurement model validity. The two-step structural equation modeling was employed to examine the structural model validity and relationships between MRSs and engagement moderated by academic level and learning environment. The results indicated that (1) interest enhancement and environmental control are significantly linked to behavioral engagement, and (2) interest enhancement, goal orientation, and behavioral reinforcement are significantly associated with both emotional engagement and cognitive engagement. In addition, student academic level was found to be a significant factor that moderates the relationship between MRSs and engagement.

Nursing Students’ Attitudes towards Caring for Dying Patients

Background: Dying is a normal human phenomenon that requires a holistic care approach. Nurses’ attitudes towards the care for dying patients need to be explored, understood, and analyzed to improve the quality of care in palliative setting, including in nursing students.Purpose: This study explored the nursing students’ attitude and its relationship with the students’ demographic profile in caring for the dying patients in Indonesia.Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional research design. The samples were 192 nursing students from Universitas Jember, Indonesia, who were recruited by using simple random sampling. Data were collected using the Frommelt Attitudes towards the Care of the Dying Care Form B Indonesian version (FATCOD-BI). The reliability test of FATCOD-BI showed a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.68, and the result of validity test using correlation coefficient showed the range of -0.278 to 0.544. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, and mean differences test using t-test and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).Results: Results showed that the mean of nursing students’ attitudes in caring for dying patients was 93.83±5.96 (range 30-120). Gender and training experiences had no relationship with students’ attitudes in caring for dying patients (p=0.22 and p=0.943). There was a relationship between the experiences and student academic level and the students’ attitudes in caring for dying patients (p=0.023 and p=0.036). The students’ experiences and academic level become a primary factor in the attitudes toward caring for dying patients.Conclusion: Findings revealed that student nurses’ attitudes in caring for dying patients was in low category and there was no significant relationship between gender and training experience and students’ attitudes towards caring for the dying patients. In contrast, experiences in caring for dying patients and academic level were associated with students’ attitudes. Further studies in the development of curriculum on dying patient care emphasizing on socio-demographic status are recommended.

Technical Quality of Root Canal Treatment Performed by Undergraduate Clinical Students of Isfahan Dental School.

Introduction:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the radiographic quality of RCTs performed by undergraduate clinical students of Dental School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods and Materials:In this cross sectional study, records and periapical radiographs of 1200 root filled teeth were randomly selected from the records of patients who had received RCTs in Dental School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences from 2013 to 2015. After excluding 416 records, the final sample consisted of 784 root-treated teeth (1674 root canals). Two variables including the length and the density of the root fillings were examined. Moreover, the presence of ledge, foramen perforation, root perforation and fractured instruments were also evaluated as procedural errors. Descriptive statistics were used for expressing the frequencies of criteria and chi square test was used for comparing tooth types, tooth locations and academic level of students (P<0.05). Results:The frequency of root canals with acceptable filling was 54.1%. Overfilling was found in 11% of root canals, underfilling in 8.3% and inadequate density in 34.6%. No significant difference was found between the frequency of acceptable root fillings in the maxilla and mandible (P=0.072). More acceptable fillings were found in the root canals of premolars (61.3%) than molars (51.3%) (P=0.001). The frequency of procedural errors was 18.6%. Ledge was found in 12.5% of root canals, foramen perforation in 2%, root perforation in 2.4% and fractured instrument in 2%. Procedural errors were more frequent in the root canals of molars (22.5%) than the anterior teeth (12.3%) (P=0.003) and the premolars (9.5%) (P<0.001). Conclusion:Technical quality of RCTs performed by clinical students was not satisfactory and incidence of procedural errors was considerable.

Exploring the Difference between English Placement Instruments and Academic Performance of First-Time, Two-Year College Students

The focus of the study was to determine if a difference existed with student academic level placement when utilizing traditional placement exams versus using high school performance metric multiple measure placement. Additionally, the study explored academic performance outcomes between similar populations that utilized the different placement instruments. The findings of the study showed that multiple measures assessments placed the majority of students higher in comparison with the traditional placement exams. Student academic history in the courses that students were placed into shows no difference in course success between students using multiple measures assessments and traditional placement exams.

Discipline Strategies: Influence on Gender and Academic Level of Students: A Case of Rachuonyo North Sub-County, Homabay County, Kenya

Discipline Strategies: Influence on Gender and Academic Level of Students: A Case of Rachuonyo North Sub-County, Homabay County, Kenya

Protocol for a systematic review: 21st century adaptive teaching and individualized learning operationalized as specific blends of student‐centered instructional events: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Protocol for a systematic review: 21st century adaptive teaching and individualized learning operationalized as specific blends of student‐centered instructional events: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Foreign Language Anxiety in Higher Education: A Practical Framework for Reducing FLA

This study aimed at investigating foreign language anxiety level and the factors affecting the anxiety among Saudi English major students at Taif University and exploring the impact of gender and academic level in this regard. It also examined the relationship between anxiety and language proficiency in the Saudi context. Two questionnaires, a modified version of FLCAS (Horwitz et al., 1986) and IFLAF, were administered to 373 English major students (205 male and 168 female). The results revealed that Saudi English major students had moderate level of anxiety. The highest provoking causes of students' anxiety were worrying about consequences of failing, forgetting things they knew and feeling uneasiness during language tests. The analyses of the variables related to foreign language anxiety revealed a significant negative correlation between language anxiety and language proficiency (grammar, speaking, writing, reading and GPA). Gender did not have a significant impact on foreign language anxiety in the current study. Finally, the academic level of students did not affect the level of anxiety indicating that all students, despite their academic level, suffer from the same level of anxiety. The study suggested an EFL practical Model to reduce the negative effects of anxiety. Suggestions and further research were presented.

Building locally relevant ethics curricula for nursing education in Botswana

Aim The goal of this multi-institutional collaboration was to develop an innovative, locally relevant ethics curriculum for nurses in Botswana. Background Nurses in Botswana face ethical challenges that are compounded by lack of resources, pressures to handle tasks beyond training or professional levels, workplace stress and professional isolation. Capacity to teach nursing ethics in the classroom and in professional practice settings has been limited. Methods A pilot curriculum, including cases set in local contexts, was tested with nursing faculty in Botswana in 2012. Results Thirty-three per cent of the faculty members indicated they would be more comfortable teaching ethics. A substantial number of faculty members were more likely to introduce the International Council of Nurses Code of Ethics in teaching, practice and mentoring as a result of the training. Based on evaluation data, curricular materials were developed using the Code and the regulatory requirements for nursing practice in Botswana. A web-based repository of sample lectures, discussion cases and evaluation rubrics was created to support the use of the materials. Discussion A new master degree course, Nursing Ethics in Practice, has been proposed for fall 2015 at the University of Botswana. The modular nature of the materials and the availability of cases set within the context of clinical nurse practice in Botswana make them readily adaptable to various student academic levels and continuing professional development programmes. Conclusion The ICN Code of Ethics for Nursing is a valuable teaching tool in developing countries when taught using locally relevant case materials and problem-based teaching methods. Implications for Nursing The approach used in the development of a locally relevant nursing ethics curriculum in Botswana can serve as a model for nursing education and continuing professional development programmes in other sub-Saharan African countries to enhance use of the ICN Code of Ethics in nursing practice.

Building locally relevant ethics curricula for nursing education in Botswana.

The goal of this multi-institutional collaboration was to develop an innovative, locally relevant ethics curriculum for nurses in Botswana. Nurses in Botswana face ethical challenges that are compounded by lack of resources, pressures to handle tasks beyond training or professional levels, workplace stress and professional isolation. Capacity to teach nursing ethics in the classroom and in professional practice settings has been limited. A pilot curriculum, including cases set in local contexts, was tested with nursing faculty in Botswana in 2012. Thirty-three per cent of the faculty members indicated they would be more comfortable teaching ethics. A substantial number of faculty members were more likely to introduce the International Council of Nurses Code of Ethics in teaching, practice and mentoring as a result of the training. Based on evaluation data, curricular materials were developed using the Code and the regulatory requirements for nursing practice in Botswana. A web-based repository of sample lectures, discussion cases and evaluation rubrics was created to support the use of the materials. A new master degree course, Nursing Ethics in Practice, has been proposed for fall 2015 at the University of Botswana. The modular nature of the materials and the availability of cases set within the context of clinical nurse practice in Botswana make them readily adaptable to various student academic levels and continuing professional development programmes. The ICN Code of Ethics for Nursing is a valuable teaching tool in developing countries when taught using locally relevant case materials and problem-based teaching methods. The approach used in the development of a locally relevant nursing ethics curriculum in Botswana can serve as a model for nursing education and continuing professional development programmes in other sub-Saharan African countries to enhance use of the ICN Code of Ethics in nursing practice.

أسباب العنف الجامعي و أشكاله من وجهة نظر عينة من الطلبة الجامعيين

هدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف على أسباب العنف الجامعي وأشكاله من وجهة نظر عينة من طلبة جامعة البترا، والكشف عن مدى اختلاف هذه الأسباب والأشكال باختلاف الجنس، والمستويات الدراسية للطلبة. لقد تكونت عينة الدراسة من (331) من الطلبة الجامعيين، تم اختيارهم ممن يدرسون مساقات إجبارية على طلبة الجامعة، بطريقة عشوائية بواقع شعبتين من كل مساق، وتم تطبيق اداتي البحث، استبانة أسباب العنف، واستبانة أشكال العنف على هذه العينة. وأظهرت النتائج أن العنف جاء بدرجة متوسطة، وأن هناك فروقا بين طلبة المستوى الأول وكل من الثالث والرابع في تحديد الأسباب، وأن هناك اختلافا بين الذكور والإناث في تحديد الأسباب. كما أظهرت النتائج أن العنف النفسي أكثر شيوعا وانتشارا بين الطلبة بدرجة انتشار متوسط يليه العنف الجسدي ثم عنف الممتلكات. Abstract : Causes and Forms of University Violence From Students Perspectives. This Study aimed at identifying the causes and Forms of University Students Violence and its relationship with students academic level and gender (Male, Female). The sample of the study consisted of (331) Male and Female Students from Petra University. Two Questionnaires were used, causes of University Violence and Forms of Violence. The Study revealed the following findings: 1- The Level of Violence was at moderate degree. 2- There were significant differences in the causes of Violence between students of first academic level and both third and fourth levels. 3- The Psychological Violence was the most common form, followed by Physical, and Violence against properties.

교과교실제 운영학교 학교운영 및 교육과정 영역 실태 분석에 관한 연구

It has already been four years as of 2013 since the Departmentalized Classroom System was first introduced following the Korean government's policy. However, no investigation had been made yet on whether the system is properly being managed in practice according to the presented standards, guidelines, and policy direction. Hence, an in-depth investigation and analysis were called for. In line with this, documents were researched, deliberation meetings of experts were held, and the system pilot was tested to develop indices to investigate the state of block-scheduled classes and classes for each student's academic level for the educational classes field. For the school management field, we developed indices to investigate the teachers' organization and their division of labor, administrative officers and work reduction, improvement of teachers' expertise, and the guidance of the students' school life. Based on the indices, we investigated the state of 24 schools, which manage an advanced school system, nationwide. The results showed that the Departmentalized Classroom System has now reached the settling stage, which is beyond the introductory stage, and that it needs to be systematically supplemented for it to be settled in a stable manner.