Struggle For Resources Research Articles

Место человеческого фактора в повышении конку рентоспособности фирмы

In the modern world, the struggle of companies for technology and means of production is giving way to the struggle for human resources. The development of human capital becomes the path to acquiring competitive advantages, since it is the company’s employees, showing a creative, constructive, innovative approach to solving the problems facing the enterprise, who make technologies and equipment work with maximum productivity. The article analyzes the modern approach to the development of human capital of a company. Theoretical aspects of the problem are compared with Russian practice of human capital development in large and successful IT companies. Attention to the IT sector is not accidental: in the conditions of intense non-price competition that is emerging here, companies must provide the highest quality of services, which cannot be achieved without attracting the best specialists in the field of information technology. The examples discussed show that success in business is impossible without taking into account the human factor, without investing in the development of human capital, which includes, among other things, training employees, creating comfortable working conditions, professional and career growth.

A LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON SNAP PARTICIPATION AND SELF-REPORTED HEALTH AMONG DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC INDIVIDUALS

Abstract Self-reported health is a strong predictor of future health status, new morbidity, mobility decline, illness recovery, and healthcare utilization. Because self-reported health is rooted in social position and social comparison, it dually reflects individual health perceptions and health inequities, especially among those who experience a social struggle for resources. Food insecurity is associated with higher risk of chronic diseases and higher mortality rates. Interventions such as the supplemental nutrition assistance program (SNAP) were created to help address food insecurity. Although morbidity and mortality risks caused by food insecurity is exacerbated for those with nutrition-centered chronic disease, such as diabetes, limited research has assessed the impact of food insecurity and SNAP participation on health among diabetics. Using Health and Retirement Study data, we explore the effect of SNAP participation and food insecurity on the likelihood of reporting fair or poor health comparing 24,446 diabetes to 69,260 non-diabetics individuals aged 65 and above (2004-2020). Our analysis controls for key socioeconomic factors, including age, gender, race/ethnicity, and wealth, accounting for the complex design of HRS. Our key findings reveal that food insecure diabetics have significantly higher odds of reporting fair/poor health, and diabetic SNAP participants also had significantly higher odds of reporting fair/poor health. Our study demonstrates how food insecurity and diabetes concurrently influence health and how, despite the presence of resources, such as SNAP, there was no improvement in self-reported health. This study is important as it highlights the need for future research on the effects of SNAP participation and self-reported health.

Диспропорции регионального развития, практики федерализма и риски мобилизованной этничности (на примере национальных республик Азиатской России)

The article is devoted to the problems of disproportions in the regional development of the national republics of Asian Russia: the Republic of Altai, the Republic of Buryatia, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Republic of Tyva, the Republic of Khakassia. Their influence on the possibility of the emergence of mobilized ethnicity risks in these regions in conditions of global instability is considered. The empirical basis of the study was a comparative analysis of indicators of average quality of life and ethnic structure of the population based on Rosstat data. The texts of strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation Government were also analyzed. The results of research by Russian sociologists in the regions. The results of research by Russian were used as secondary sources of information. Risks for the development of regions are identified from the point of view of their ethnosocial specifics: a reduction in the Russian population, the growth of ethnonationalism, the struggle for economic and land resources, anti-migrant sentiments. It is concluded that it is necessary to improve the practices of federalism to mitigate the inevitable risks of internal turbulence in Russian society.

Networks of Power in the Nineteenth Century: The Sampradaya, Princely States and Company Rule

Abstract This article reconsiders a religious institution in India during the early colonial era as a manifestation of regional influence, or a non-statist public force. Founded by Sahajanand Swami, the Hindu devotional (bhakti) community known as the Swaminarayan Sampradaya expanded in the area that is today Gujarat in western India. The community arose as a source of popular influence in a region that lacked a dominant state at this time. Its creation was forged in relation to local struggles for power and resources, involving princely states, Maratha and East India Company powers, Kathi chieftains, and broader social and cultural changes in the nineteenth century. Historically examining the process of community expansion in the region through aspects like patronage and cultural production, I argue that the sampradaya’s articulation of devotion internalized political acumen to navigate material realities successfully. Effectively, the modern articulation enabled adherents to broker power from diverse networks and strengthen the community’s complex, multifaceted authority in Gujarat.

The Arctic: The struggle for resources and influence in the region

This article defines the Arctic as a political arena and examines the interests and plans of several countries regarding its territory and resources, namely, Canada, Russia, the United States, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Sweden and Finland. The article highlights the Arctic region’s advantages, emphasizing the priorities of each state to establish control over this territory. The Arctic region is beneficial for the development of economic activity and the protection of the territories of coastal countries, has a significant number of deposits of natural resources and other minerals, and significant transit opportunities. The Arctic region has become a subject of intense interest within the international community. There is a need to strike a balance between economic interests and environmental protection should guide diplomatic efforts to secure the sustainable development of the Arctic region for the benefit of all stakeholders.

Volk Theory: Prejudice, Racism, and German Foreign Policy Before and Under Hitler

Drawing on John Duckitt’s dual-process model of prejudice, we hypothesize that there are two primary types of racial prejudice, biological and symbolic-cultural, and that these are associated with particular ideological outlooks—dangerous and competitive world beliefs, respectively—that might substantially affect foreign policy. Biological racism is associated with a materialistic understanding of the world as a zero-sum struggle for scarce resources, symbolic-cultural racism with a conception of the world as filled with threats that must be dealt with through the creation of national cohesion and conformity. The dual-process framework makes sense of the differences between Wilhelmine and Nazi foreign policy and puts race at the heart of the contrast, most clearly seen in the treatment of the same conquered Eastern European territory during World War I and World War II. Our approach puts individual-level variation in the degree and type of prejudice front and center, something generally overlooked in critical approaches.

Russian Policy of Securitization in Africa: Features of Perception

The study focuses on the perception of the Russian military presence in Africa. The 1990s and early 2000s saw a long break in Russian-African relations, linked to Russia’s priority of establishing a dialogue with Western countries. Largely as a result, Russia managed to avoid getting involved in conflicts and maintain respectful relations with African countries. In recent years, however, Russia’s “return” to Africa has revitalized Moscow’s interests in the region. One of the key elements of this process has been the intensification of the activities of Russian private military companies (PMC) on the continent. This, in turn, is the relevance of the present study. The study conducted a qualitative content analysis of the publications of the most quoted media sources in African countries where Russian private military companies have been observed: Central African Republic, Mozambique, Sudan and Mali from 2018 to 2021. Based on an analysis of the African media, it can be seen that the first experiences with the arrival of Russian PMCs were initially accompanied by a predominantly neutral-negative tone in the local media. Later, however, there was a shift from neutral to positive, particularly in the case of Mali. It was also found that the framing of the Russian presence in African countries with experience of interaction with Russian PMCs is changing from a purely local context (struggle for resources, protection of the regime, etc.) to a more global one, implying that Africa is an arena of confrontation between major world powers. It is shown that the experience of Russian involvement in conflict resolution plays an important role in shaping a positive image of the Russian “military” presence in Africa. Thus, the transfer of significant areas under central government control, first in Syria and then in the Central African Republic after the appearance of the Russian military in these countries, is associated by Africans with the achievement of stability, which is in demand in African societies. Another important indicator on which positive perceptions are based is the perception of a crisis in relations between France and Africa.

Соціальний капітал територіальних громад України в умовах війни: сучасні трансформації та прогнозні зрушення

The relevance of the study of current and forecasted transformations of the social capital of territorial communities is due to the need to strengthen social capital at the local level as a means of consolidating the population in the conditions of the destabilizing pressure of war and the risks of reducing the regulatory capabilities of state administration. The purpose of the study is to reveal the transformational shifts in the social capital of the territorial communities of Ukraine in the war and post-war periods. The scientific novelty of the work consists in revealing the peculiarities of the influence of the Russian-Ukrainian war and the humanitarian crisis caused by it on the trends of the development of social capital of the territorial communities of Ukraine. Forecasting of social capital transformations is based on the use of systemic approach, methods of abstraction and generalization, modeling, and scenario forecasting of time series. The use of the scenario approach is due to the low predictability and instability of military actions and includes realistic, optimistic, and pessimistic forecast versions. The prediction according to the realistic version is based on the assumption of building up the potential of social capital by the communities of the country and, above all, the territories freed from temporary occupation. It is substantiated that social capital will grow mainly within the community and to a lesser extent outside it, which is due to the residents’ need to identify themselves with the community and its values in conditions of threat to life. The surge of social capital and high motivation of the population will be manifested in the active participation of residents in the public life of territorial communities and the post-war reconstruction of the economy. The trends of the social capital transformation are substantiated for three groups of communities: temporarily occupied territories, territorial communities of the «near rear», and communities of the «deep rear». The optimistic version is based on the assumption that in the forecast period, the transformation of social capital will take place in the conditions of the successful end of hostilities and the liberation of the territory of Ukraine from the occupying forces. It is expected that in the conditions of the post-war reconstruction of communities, the multiplier effect of increasing financial capacity will have a positive impact on the social capital of the community and will manifest itself in the strengthening of the residents’ sense of social protection and the reduction of the economic anxiety level. According to the pessimistic version, the transformation of the social capital of territorial communities will take place in the conditions of a repeated massive offensive of Russian troops and the capture of new territories, which may cause a decrease in the level of trust between residents in the struggle for limited resources, discord, and a decrease in civic participation.

Dialogue of Social Encounter: Toward Transforming Interreligious Conflict in Nigeria

precis: This essay investigates the causes of interreligious conflicts in Nigeria and the contribution of nonviolent communication to dialogue of social encounter toward achieving authentic religious freedom in Nigeria. The see, judge, and act methodology has been employed to examine the relevant literature drawn from Nigeria and beyond. Through seeing and judging, the essay engages in a critical evaluation of some literature that explains the causes of interreligious conflict and the situation of religious freedom in Nigeria. To move from theory to practice (act), it further examines nonviolent communication and explains how it can contribute to interreligious dialogue that promotes social encounter toward authentic religious freedom. It argues that greed, the struggle for economic resources, and violent communication—such as moralistic judgments, labeling, criticisms, and inadequate awareness of shared human needs—all contribute to interreligious conflicts. Additionally, nonviolent communication that is focused on identifying and satisfying human needs—the core of our common humanity—provides a skill set that promotes interreligious dialogue of social encounter and authentic religious freedom.

VECTOR OF “GREEN CONSTRUCTION” IN MODERN CITIES

The article deals with the history of the formation of the scientific direction of urban ecology in the context of the development of domestic urban planning science. The relevance is substantiated by the global processes of the struggle for energy resources, the deterioration of the environment, an increase in the volume of municipal solid waste and an increase in carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere as a result of the use of hydrocarbon energy sources, and other negative processes accompanying the spread of urbanization and industrial production around the world. The development of technologies for "green" urban planning is analyzed in connection with scientific research on the sustainability of regional landscapes to anthropogenic loads and increased requirements for the compensatory properties of landscape frames in the largest cities. Both the concepts of smart cities of the future and measures to gradually improve the quality of the environment in established cities both in Russia and abroad are considered, including with the help of targeted programs "Green City," Green Quarter "and others. The study of these trends seems to be an important scientific problem for the formation of a consistently positive regional environment in terms of the topics of promising research in universities.

Armed Group Rivalry and Its Implications for Post-Accord Peacebuilding and Inclusive Development in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh

This study examines the intricate relationship between armed group rivalry, post-agreement peacebuilding, and inclusive development in Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT). Using a qualitative research methodology, the study collects data through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis to investigate the key variables driving armed group rivalry and its consequences for regional peacebuilding and development initiatives. The findings suggest that historical grievances, ethnic divisions, struggle for resources, and political influence are the driving forces for armed group conflict in the CHT. The study also finds the enormous influence of armed group rivalry on the implementation of the 1997 CHT Accord, ongoing peacebuilding efforts, and the region's inclusive growth. The analysis underlines the necessity for a comprehensive and inclusive approach to peacebuilding that addresses the core causes of armed group rivalry, engages all relevant stakeholders, and encourages the full implementation of the 1997 CHT Accord. The study contributes to a greater understanding of the complex interplay between armed group rivalry, peacebuilding, and development in conflict-affected regions by offering policy recommendations to support lasting peace and inclusive development in the CHT. Keywords: Armed group rivalry, Post-accord peacebuilding, Inclusive development, Chittagong Hill Tracts, Conflict resolution, Socioeconomic inequalities and Regional cooperation DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/13-8-03 Publication date: April 30 th 2023

Conflict of Interest in the Expansion of Sofifi City in North Maluku, Indonesia

Since its 24 years as the capital city of North Maluku province, Sofifi has not had the status of an autonomous region. This study aims to analyse the causes of the emergence of Sofifi's expansion conflict. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The data sources in this study came from journal articles and online media, which were processed using NVivo 12 Plus. The findings in this study indicate that Sofifi's conflict is a conflict of interest over the struggle for political power and the potential for natural resources by political elites. Even so, the community's demand for the division of Sofifi was based on three things: the reality of backwardness in development, the lack of public services, and the fact that Sofifi is the provincial capital. The emergence of demands for division has given rise to a response of rejection; the refusal is because of the announcement of the Sultanate of Tidore. In addition, there are differences in development governance between the provincial government and the Sultan of Tidore. Later, the Tidore City government also used the argument of a moratorium from the central government to dampen demands for division. This study's conclusion explains the interest in the struggle for power and natural resources behind the emergence of the Sofifi expansion conflict. This study confirms that regional autonomy conflicts tend to be caused by conflicts over power and natural resources that take advantage of ethnicity.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЛИЧНОСТНОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

The article substantiates the role of digitalization of the education system in increasing the personal effectiveness of students as arts and sciences to be successful, productive, productive in achieving their goals, combining rationality and harmony in their own actions, to be distinguished by a clear concentration on the implementation of specific tasks at the optimal level. In the article, the authors associate the success of the process of personal effectiveness in the conditions of the modern information society with: the method of mind maps, time management, self-motivation, the need for high achievements. Undoubtedly, the listed approaches to the formation of personal effectiveness cannot be implemented without the use of digital technologies, since they provide a strengthening of positions in the struggle for human resources on the world stage.

Transformation of the political struggle model at the village level due to the fight for village fund resources: A case study of village head elections before and after the enactment of UU Desa Number 6 of 2014

This study captures how the Village Law (UU) Number 6 of 2014 has radically changed political behavior at the village level. The political dynamics involved several former DPRD members, former KPU members, and local businessmen in the succession arena for the Village Head Election (Pilkades), in which conditions were rarely encountered in previous times. This study analyzed how changes occurred as they were triggered by the struggle for resources due to the allocation of village funds (DD). This study uses qualitative research methods. Data were collected through interviews with actors who contested in village elections, documentation, and literature studies. The results of this study show how changes in political behavior at the village level only occur after the Village Law is enacted. This study concludes that the Village Law number 6 of 2014 has shifted the political behavior of rural communities as evidenced by the massive circulation of money politics which has led to tense political battles. This study also concludes that the Village Law entices political actors and local businessmen to participate in the contest to seize the power of the village head.

Multiple meanings and boundaries of growth in shrinking regions in East and North Finland

Growth stands out as a key development object in contemporary green economy policies. It is particularly interesting in the Nordic context such as in East and North Finland, where many regions are rich in natural resources, but also shrinking and lagging. Therefore, their regional development is simultaneously framed by an expected sustainability transition that alternates between green growth and degrowth agendas, and the socio-economic phenomenon of shrinkage. This article examines how growth is understood and framed among regional development actors, with special interest placed on different meanings, possible critics, and the boundaries of growth. The interviewed actors are positioned as intermediaries who possess special knowledge regarding regional development. The interviews show that the understanding of growth in this context requires various framings that combine global, regional, and local perspectives on sustainable development, as well as the burdens of shrinking and lagging regions balanced against cohesive and inclusive promises of green growth. The hegemonic frame is approached through a lens of green growth, yet the shrinking population remains in the background. Growth appears as a favoured means to tackle societal problems, which reflects a mission-oriented goal setting. Critical statements are directed at growth policies and funding instruments that do not seem to promote cohesive and inclusive growth. The clearest boundary for growth relates to nature, but it is far too early to make interpretations on an intentional degrowth agenda. From the regional actors’ perspective, setting boundaries for growth in a context of long-term shrinkage, sparse population, and extensive natural surroundings seems trivial. Handling the peripheries’ societal problems related to shrinkage and their struggle for resources appears as the more relevant mission that also requires growth in various forms.

Management of Protracted Social Conflicts in a Multi Cultural Society: The Nigerian Example

The literature on conflicts in Nigeria largely implicates socio-economic, political and governmental deficits as the major causes of violent conflicts in Nigeria. The paper interrogates the challenges and prospects of managing protracted social conflicts in Nigeria by examining the socio-economic and political dynamics of the Nigerian State within the framework of the current security challenges in Nigeria. A careful evaluation of data from the field was supplemented with a desk review of secondary sources and integrated into the content analysis of the issues that arose from the subject matter under study. Findings indicates that the root causes of conflicts in Nigeria are located ethno-religious intolerance, struggle for power and scarce resources, bad governance, insincerity and haphazard approach towards the resolution of these conflicts. The paper concludes that there is no alternative to good governance in the fight against violent conflicts in Nigeria. Good governance is congenial to the promotion, reign and sustenance of peace. Therefore, it is the contention of this paper that to effectively manage protracted social conflict, strategic approaches anchored on good governance that will guarantee sustainable peace and security in Nigeria must be evolved.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЭНЕРГОЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬЮ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

This article discusses the key problems of energy management in production activities, important tasks, problems of management development in the energy sphere. The struggle for resources, the desire of companies to achieve the competitiveness of products, both in price and quality, to the reliability of energy supply of operational processes, determine the importance of the study of energy management issues in business management systems.

Horizon 2040. A view from Brazil. Part 1. Ecology, climate and technology

The author discusses global megatrends, which, according to Brazilian experts, will determine the development of the world economy and society on the horizon 2040. Par-ticular attention is paid to the socio-economic consequences of the ecological and technological transition, the impact of technology and, above all, digital transformation on geopolitics, society, lifestyle and employment. Plans for the development of Brazil's energy sector for the next 10 years and the long term, factors and risks in the field of ecology and climate change, food security and agriculture are given. The main provisions of national strategies in the field of innovation, as well as a number of other official documents that determine the prospects for the development of science and technology, are considered. According to Brazilian experts, climate change and environmental degradation will exacerbate the scarcity of natural resources on the horizon 2040, giving rise to a more conflict geopolitical scenario. The protection of the Amazon and national sovereignty is the focus of the Brazilian government's special attention, given the high probability of intensifying the struggle for natural resources under the slogans of protecting the environment. By 2040, the spread of Industry 4.0 will intensify; the interaction of technologies from various fields of knowledge, such as bio- and nanotechnologies, environmental and social technologies, will increase. The exponential acceleration of disruptive technologies will threaten traditional socio-economic development efforts, especially in middle- and low-income countries.

Prednosti za investiranje u Bosni i Hercegovini u odnosu na zemlje iz okruženja

In order to achieve economic progress in less developed countries, it is necessary to provide the necessary resources. Foreign investments very often represent the primary source of financing for certain world economies, and the struggle for financial resources, which are limited, is becoming greater. Many countries have a planned approach to this process, and make huge efforts to attract foreign investors. For this reason, it is necessary to systematically approach this research problem, and to create adequate strategies for attracting foreign investments. When it comes to Bosnia and Herzegovina and the surrounding countries, the competition to attract foreign investments between them is getting tougher. Each of the neighboring countries has its own competitive advantages, and with an adequate set of incentive measures, it can achieve a significant inflow of foreign investments. Unfortunately, of all the surrounding countries, Bosnia and Herzegovina has the lowest inflow of foreign investments, so it is necessary to define the competitive advantages of the business environment in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Роль проектного управления в современных условиях развития организации

Introduction. The topic of project management is especially relevant these days. Rapid scientific and technological development leads to the emergence of new technologies, on the basis of which new types of products and services are developed. Goal. Every year, the conditions for doing business are becoming more and more difficult, and the struggle for clients and resources is becoming more intense. In multiple sectors of today's economy, business circumstances change at a rapid pace. In addition, the external environment is unstable and is influenced by political and economic factors. All this directly affects the activities of organizations as a whole. Materials and methods. To remain competitive, organizations need to have a large amount of information, innovative technologies, as well as tools and methods for managing and controlling them. Therefore, to remain viable and profitable, firms need to adapt to various changes through the introduction of innovative projects and the ability to manage them. Results and discussion. The project management process is an integral part of doing business in the modern world. Since it is inextricably linked with making decisions that are a response to any external or internal influence, aimed at identifying and eliminating the problem in order to obtain results from the set goal. Conclusion. The ability of a manager to correctly design and implement changes allows organizations to timely adapt to changing conditions and be effective in competition. Changes are continuous; they cover all spheres of life and activity of society, which is why any organization must be able to adapt its activities to them.