Macro Structure Research Articles

Two-scale Modeling of Composites damage with Voronoi cell finite element method for microscale computation

This paper develops an adaptive two-level computational model that includes macro and microscope analysis. Traditional displacement based finite element is used for macroscopic analysis, while Voronoi cell finite element model is used for computations of arbitrary heterogeneous domains. For an adaptive analysis, when local area may be destructive, VCFEM mesh is used instead of corresponding finite element for damage analysis. Because VCFEM model and finite element are all taken the nodal displacements as field variables, therefore, based on the idea of multigrid by the adaptive mesh adjustment, let finite element edge length and VCFEM edge length are basically the same, two kinds of elements were connected together through the use of shared nodes and use the order of the edge displacement interpolation. This formed a two-scale model of the coexistence of macro structure and micro structure. For microscale analysis, three Voronoi cell finite models (VCFEM) are build including perfect interface bonding model, interface debonding model and multiple matrix cracks model. Numerical example is executed for validating the effectiveness of the two-scale model method.

Analysis of Van Dijk's Critical Discourse on Online News Text of Habib Rizieq's Return To Create Groups During Covid 19 Pandemic on Media Detik.Com

The aim of this research was to describe the structure of news texts on detiknews.com about Habib Rizieq's return to create groups during COVID-19 pandemic. The method used in this research was a qualitative research method. The data were collected from detik, which was available online. The headline of the news entitled “Wanti-wanti Satgas Corona Saat Kepulangan Habib Rizieq Bikin Kerumunan”, “Detik-Detik Kepulangan Habib Rizieq”, and “Insiden Orang Meninggal Hingga Pingsan di tengah Penyambutan Habib Rizieq” in which those highlighted the returning of Habib Rizieq which then caused crowds of people in the midst of the corona virus pandemic, were analyzed in this researcg. This present research employed three-dimensional structures text in CDA developed by Teun A van Dijk approach which consists of micro structure, macro structure, and super structure. The results showed that micro structure includes thematic with topic elements in the first and second news of Habib Rizieq's return illustrates how the appeals given to the public regarding the returning of Habib Rizieq by officials and parsons. Superstructure refers to how the news is structured with the scheme. Habib Rizieq, who acts as the main actor, cannot be doubtful but the crowds that will occur involve many people. Meanwhile, macro structure consists of semantics with elements of background, detail, and intent, which tells the events and background of the news about Habib Rizieq who returns to Indonesia and causes the crowd of many people during pandemic of COVID-19.

Advanced solid-phase extraction of tetravalent actinides using a novel hierarchically porous functionalized silica monolith

Separation of actinides is of great concern from the perspective of nuclear energy development and environmental issues, and the development of a highly efficient solid-phase extraction (SPE) process holds significant promise for actinide separation. However, the slow mass transfer kinetics in the currently available SPE separation media limited the throughput and efficiency, rendering the separation process more challenging. Hierarchically porous structures with well-organized and highly interconnected pore systems have been shown to provide efficient mass transfer and enhanced performance in nature. Herein, this paper reports the synthesis of a crack-free diglycolamic acid-functionalized silica monolith with hierarchical macro and meso porous structure for SPE. The hierarchically porous structures were retained upon mild modifications, which favored the convective mass transport and provided more binding sites, resulting in fast kinetics and high throughput. The separation ability was evaluated based on the separation and recovery of Th(IV) from a complex matrix. A superior Th(IV) separation performance (Kd > 2.6 × 104 mL/g) was achieved in the presence of alkaline earth metals, rare earth elements, and uranium within 1 min by batch sorption, and the maximum separation coefficients of Th(IV)/Ln(III) and Th(IV)/U(VI) exceed 1000 and 140, respectively. Particularly, the synthesized material allowed the separation of Th from monazite leachates with highly efficient recovery (> 96%) at a high flow rate (5 mL/min) by column study. Investigation of the binding mechanism revealed the formation of a stable coordination complex (Th(NO3)L3) via Th−O bonds. The material was also employed for the extraction of Pu(IV), and satisfactory sorption was achieved. Thus, this new functionalized material has potential application prospects for an improved actinide separation process.

Macro MI: Using Motivational Interviewing to Address Socially-engineered Trauma

ABSTRACT Decades of social science data have illuminated how oppression and inequality on the macro levels of society can manifest as trauma and deprivation on the individual or micro level. However, clinical pedagogies within human services fields (social work, substance use disorder treatment, psychology, psychiatry) do not adequately reflect these advances. This creates barriers for service providers seeking to address socially-engineered trauma, i.e., trauma occurring in the context of oppressive macro structures such as white supremacist racism, neoliberal economic policies and cisgender-heteropatriarchy. Service provision that is structurally competent, on the other hand, exists at the intersection of macro and micro and offers both ethical and clinical advantages. Given its traditional focus on eliciting behavior change on the micro level, the therapeutic modality of motivational interviewing (MI) may not attract attention as a tool for addressing systemic social injustice. However, by integrating key elements of MI with SHARP – a framework for addressing oppression and inequality – new options for structural competence emerge. The resulting hybrid, Macro MI, offers tools to join with clients to assess the impact of structural oppression on individual problems, as well as to envision solutions that include macro systems change. Underpinning this approach is a belief that the collective work of tearing down and replacing the systems that create trauma is central to healing the wounds inflicted by oppression. Within Macro MI, activism, organizing and consciousness-raising are interventions to treat PTSD as well as tools for preventing trauma from occurring to other members of the community.

Living up to a bohemian work ethic. Balancing autonomy and risk in the symbolic economy of the performing arts

Empirical studies generally report that aspiring a career in the performing arts is risky business. Within the contemporary European context of neoliberal capitalism, the particular workforce is inclined to occupy a precarious socio-economic position. We aim to contribute to this body of research by discussing how risk and precarity in the artworld are macro- and meso-governed by existing structures and micro-managed by agents. Our data stem from empirical research conducted among members of the contemporary dance population in Brussels and Berlin. We focus for the most part on qualitative findings from longitudinal ethnographic fieldwork to discuss how the informants live up to a bohemian work ethic that is framed by a more general symbolic economy. In this paper, we argue that within the longstanding sociological agency-structure debate, the outlined bohemian work ethic ties in with the concept of an autonomous heteronomy. Furthermore, despite the relatively different socio-economic macro structures in both locales, we come to conclude that the very similar symbolic economy seems to have a much greater impact on artistic and economic risk taking than the specific social security policy and welfare approaches.

Geometric Models of Some Microstructures

Macro structures on our planet that we can see with the naked eye or microstructures that we can only see with a microscope; They have a certain structure that allows them to settle and perpetuate in the environment they live in. These structures are not random, they are placed in a certain order. It is possible to observe them in objects that we can see with the naked eye. For example, this situation can be observed in the placement of fruits and flowers on the plant. These layouts provide them with advantages such as minimum space occupancy and maximum stability. People use these settlement forms, which we give as examples in plants, in architecture, industry, and in different areas such as the design of many products. Essentially, the geometrical rules of mathematics form the basis of these settlements in plants. In this study, it was tried to determine the definitions of geometric structures based on mathematical rules in some plant structures that we can only observe with a microscope. In the study, different plant samples were used to define the geometric models. In mathematical evaluations, mathematical concepts determined in the light of the literature were used to describe the geometric models of microstructures. In the study, literature information about geometric structures and their mathematical formulas was evaluated.

Activated carbon derived from sucrose and melamine as low-cost adsorbent with fast adsorption rate for removal of methylene blue in wastewaters

In the current study, adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from wastewaters using a synthesis of activated carbon derived from sucrose and melamine (ACS) was investigated. The adsorbent was simply synthesized by mixed of sucrose and melamine through polymeric bubble and interconnected macro structure delivered from gases composed of ammonia and vapor at 180 °C. The carbonization of those porous sucrose-derived polymers takes place at high temperature of 1000 °C and activation process under CO2 and air delivers high specific area of the absorbents at 500 °C. The characterization of adsorbent was done by energy dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, High-resolution TEM, X-ray diffraction, zeta potential and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that, ACS has high specific surface area of 1417.4 m2/g, contributing to improve adsorption of MB. The maximum adsorption capacity of MB was 454.57 mg/g and fast equilibrium time of 13 min, which was due to highly π* bonding of ACS on porous surfaces. The adsorption performance was compared to commercial activated carbon in terms of maximum adsorption capacity, equilibrium time. Besides, the recycle of adsorbent, removal of MB in wastewaters and adsorption cost evaluation were carried out. ACS could reuse 8 times without significantly reduced in adsorption capacity of MB and the adsorption cost require for removal of MB in wastewater was around 4.42 $/g. The results demonstrated that ACS can utilize as low-cost adsorbent for treatment of MB in wastewaters.

Fabrication and Performance Test of Flexible Supercapacitors Based on Three-Dimensional Graphene Hydrogel

Flexible supercapacitors have attracted more and more attention and research because they can be used as energy storage devices for future flexible electronic devices. In the existing research, graphene has been used to make supercapacitor electrodes, but usually these electrodes have very low specific capacitance or flexibility. Here, a three-dimensional graphene hydrogel for the fabrication of flexible supercapacitors was presented, and the preparation of flexible supercapacitors based on three-dimensional graphene hydrogels was given. Through the research, we find that the prepared flexible supercapacitor has excellent capacitance characteristics, such as high specific capacitance of 168F/g and excellent mechanical flexibility. This study shows that the three-dimensional graphene macro structure has great potential in the preparation of high-performance flexible energy storage devices.

Structure of News Text on the Arrest of the Head of Front Pembela Islam in Online Media

The study was to find and describe the structure of the news text on the arrest of the Front Pem-bela Islam chairman in cases of violating health protocols in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic on BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com online media. The research was a descriptive qualitative by utilizing van Dijk's model with a social cognition approach focusing on the text schemes which included macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure. The research data were the fragments of discourse of articles on online media BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com which contained news of healt protocals violations. The re-search applied listening technique and a note-taking technique as a follow-up. To check the re-search data, triangulation and interactive analysis techniques were needed to analyze the data. This study foud out that the online media BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com had a macro structure regarding the arrest of Rizieq Shihab for violating one of the Covid 19 health protocols, that was gathering crowds. the superstructure was found in the introduction, content, and clos-ing; the microstructure section was found in semantics (background and intent), syntax (sentence forms and pronouns), lexicon, and graphics. The study concluded that according to the Teun A van Dijk scheme, the news on Rizieq Shihab's health protocol violations during the Covid 19 pandemic of BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com had a macro text structure, superstructure, and micro structure.

Direct ink writing of 3D piezoelectric ceramics with complex unsupported structures

Piezoelectric ceramic, as a typical smart material, shows great potential in applications of sensing & actuation, smart structure and energy harvesting. However, the use of traditional methods to fabricate complex and high-precision piezoelectric ceramic devices faces huge technical difficulties and high molding costs. Direct ink writing is a typical additive manufacturing technology, but has limited capabilities when preparing ceramic products with complex unsupported structures. In this work, a combined process of direct ink writing (DIW) and secondary shaping of flexible ceramic green body has been developed and proved to produce complex piezoelectric ceramics. The PZT ink shows shear thinning behavior and appropriate viscoelasticity such as moderate viscosity and high storage modulus. The printed green body can be flexibly deformed and the samples after polarization show good piezoelectric properties, with an average d33 up to 265 pC/N. This work demonstrates an attractive method for geometrically complex piezoceramic with unique macro structure due to its simplicity and low cost, and provides a solution to the key problems in the existing manufacturing technology of 3D ceramics.

Macro and micro structures of pebble-made cometary nuclei reconciled by seasonal evolution

Macro and micro structures of pebble-made cometary nuclei reconciled by seasonal evolution

Superior cycling stability of saturated graphitic carbon nitride in hydrogel reduced graphene oxide anode for Sodium-ion battery

A layered composite g-C3N4@RGO of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is reported as an anode material for rechargeable sodium ion batteries (SIBs). Initially, conducting interconnected hydrogel RGO was prepared by hydrothermal method and was further soaked in saturated urea solution, followed by calcination to synthesize g-C3N4@RGO composites. The coin type half cells were prepared by using composite g-C3N4@RGO and pristine RGO as anode and their electrochemical performances were compared. The prepared half-cell of the composite anode delivers maximum reversible specific discharge capacity of ∼ 170 mAh.g−1 and ∼ 160 mAh.g−1 at 0.1C and at 0.2C, respectively. Whereas, prepared half-cell using RGO anode shows maximum reversible discharge capacity of ∼ 146 mAh.g−1 and ∼ 133 mAh.g-1at 0.1C and 0.2C, respectively. This composite material g-C3N4@RGO shows excellent cyclability (2000 cycles) and columbic efficiency ∼ 100% with no capacity fading compared to the RGO. The binding of g-C3N4 with RGO prevents stacking of RGO sheets and provides macro and sub-micron porous structure for smooth intercalation and trapping of Na+-ions in composite g-C3N4@RGO anode during electrochemical cycling. The design of g-C3N4@RGO composite as a negative electrode improves the cell performance and offers effective strategy to develop low-cost and long cycle life SIBs.

ANALYSIS OF VAN DIJK'S DISCUSSION ON ONLINE NEWS TEXT IN THE CASE OF DESTRUCTION AND HATE SPEAKING OF JERINX SID ON MEDIA LIPUTAN6.COM PERIOD 13 AUGUST 2020 TO 19 NOVEMBER 2020

Jerinx or JRX is a musician, singer-songwriter, and an Indonesian social media activist. He is best known as the drummer for the rock band Superman Is Dead. Jerinx is a social activist who has a great influence among young Balinese. Liputan6.com is a site that provides a variety of selected information for its users and also intensively reports on the Jerinx case. Because the mass media is an actor of social construction that defines reality, the researcher will analyze the macro structure and micro structure of online news discourse texts. By using descriptive qualitative methods and focusing research on reporting on allegations of defamation and hate speech on social media Instagram on the online media liputan6.com for the period 13 August 2020 to 19 November 2020 using Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis. The results showed that the 6 news discourse analyzes showed a tendency for the editorial of liputan6.com to side with IDI who reported Jerinx for alleged defamation and hate speech on social media Instagram and that the police action quickly resolved this case, with only 2 pieces of evidence that Jerinx obtained. named a suspect.
 Keywords: Online news, Critical Discourse Analysis.

A Teaching Methods of Structural Mapping as a Visualization Process of Summary Thinking

The purpose of this thesis is to propose a method of teaching abstract thinking through structural drawing that visualizes the macro structure in a liberal arts writing class at a university. First, by analyzing the results of the learner’s structure diagram from 2018 to 2021, we calculated notable issues for summary thinking training, and based on this, we proposed a practical class plan. First, it was important to clearly maintain the distance between the learner, who is the subject of the text summary, and the original author of the text. This is an important principle for accurately understanding the text and also for understanding the learners themselves, who again are the subjects of the summary. Second, it was important to adjust the level of abstraction and generalization of text information. This abstraction generalization process is a process of considering abstract thinking and the relationship between texts by reflecting the key elements constituting the text in the structural diagram. Third, it was important to understand the text composition principle through the activity to check the hierarchy among the core information constituting the text. Some examples of possible classes to help us achieve the main goal for this summary thinking were introduced. First, we presented the process of internalizing the thinking process involved in abstract thinking through multi-faceted feedback activities on the structural diagram using abstract thinking. Second, in order to strengthen the process of understanding the internal relationship of the text structure, a method for internalizing the concept and thought process used in actual thinking was suggested by comparatively analyzing the meta-activities identified in the previous feedback process. Finally, a method to strengthen the openness of summary thinking was suggested by imparting that the structure drawing activity itself has an open possibility.

The Nature of Work in the Media Industries: A Literature Review and Future Directions

Media work is a culture-making activity affecting the ways people understand the world and, therefore, workers in the media industries have a critical role in shaping collective memories, traditions, and belief systems. While studies regarding the characteristics impacting the nature of work in the media industries have significantly been increasing over the last years, the literature in this area remains highly fragmented. This paper begins to address that shortcoming by conducting an in-depth review of 36 scholarly papers in influential journals published from 2006 to 2020 to provide a comprehensive view of the literature and its approaches. This study elaborates on the concept of media work by organizing previous efforts into five subthemes, including commonalities, contested terrain, gendered profession, emerging practices, and influencing factors. Previous research has emphasized that media workers’ subjective experiences need to be explored further and more in-depth; however, if we wish to depict a more holistic but realistic picture, those experiences should be contextualized and thus linked with the specific organizational configurations and macro structures in which media work is embedded. The present review depicts how work in the media may take different meanings when addressing it through various theoretical frameworks. Our study can enrich future studies regarding the nature of media work by providing a fine-grained foundation in which researchers could understand how their given research problem(s) would be connected with the other issues that potentially impact their studies.

Binding Materials for MOF Monolith Shaping Processes: A Review towards Real Life Application

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) could be utilized for a wide range of applications such as sorption, catalysis, chromatography, energy storage, sensors, drug delivery, and nonlinear optics. However, to date, there are very few examples of MOFs exploited on a commercial scale. Nevertheless, progress in MOF-related research is currently paving the way to new industrial opportunities, fostering applications and processes interconnecting fundamental chemistry with engineering and relevant sectors. Yet, the fabrication of porous MOF materials within resistant structures is a key challenge impeding their wide commercial use for processes such as adsorptive separation. In fact, the integration of nano-scale MOF crystallic structures into bulk components that can maintain the desired characteristics, i.e., size, shape, and mechanical stability, is a prerequisite for their wide practical use in many applications. At the same time, it requires sophisticated shaping techniques that can structure nano/micro-crystalline fine powders of MOFs into diverse types of macroscopic bodies such as monoliths. Under this framework, this review aims to bridge the gap between research advances and industrial necessities for fostering MOF applications into real life. Therefore, it critically explores recent advances in the shaping and production of MOF macro structures with regard to the binding materials that have received little attention to date, but have the potential to give new perspectives in the industrial applicability of MOFs. Moreover, it proposes future paths that can be adopted from both academy and industry and can further boost MOF exploitation.

Polish Phraseology in the Dictionaries: Dominant Features of Macro and Micro Structures

The article is devoted to phraseological dictionaries of Polish language, which are considered first of all from the point of view of phraseology’s presentation and criteria of its selection. The differences of authors and editors’ approaches to phraseology apportionment and description are discussed. There is underlined the aspect of complementarity of phraseological dictionaries and its social utility. The attention is paid to the differences of composition and presentation’s methods which mostly depend on the authors and editors lexicographical views.

Critical Discourse Analysis Online News of Covid-19 Has Changed The World Of Education (Teun Model A. Van Dijk)

This aims of the article is to Analysis Critical Discourse Online News of Covid-19 Has Changed the World of Education. This research is a qualitative research using the method of documentation and content analysis of media texts. The result of shows that Critical discourse analysis using the Teun A. Van Dijk method of news taken from online media, namely kompas.com, regarding the Covid-19 statement has changed the world of education. The analysis is carried out on the elements of the text which are divided into macro and micro structures. Based on the analysis that has been done, it is found that discourse fulfills most of the macro and micro elements. All elements are found in this analysis.

The Millennial Generational Style: New Global Political and Economic Orientations

In this paper, using Mannheim, I identify Millennials (covering both Gen Y and Gen Z) as a global generation that has spawned a new generational style. I provide a brief overview of the historical conditions that have shaped Millennials’ life experiences. In a nutshell, Millennials have come of age in a new world marked by an ongoing shift in actorhood from macro structures to micro agents. I argue that this formative experience has impelled at least three meaningful norms that distinguish Millennials’ generational style: self-reliance, quotidianism and regeneration. I then trace manifestations of these norms in politics and the economy. I suggest that in politics, the push for self-reliance takes the form of a self-responsible citizen, quotidianism is manifested through a shift towards politics of the ordinary, and regeneration is embodied in Do-it-Yourself (DIY) politics. In economics , on the other hand, the self-reliant actorhood is reflected through the new occupational profile of the ‘maker’, quotidianism is expressed through non-traditional types of work monetizing individuality and personality, and finally regeneration takes the form of critical making. I conclude with implications for social theory on youth and change. The paper attempts to move beyond the dichotomous view of youth either as threats or as heroic figures and propose a broader conceptualization of young adult’s agency to capture how ordinary youth create new centers of configuration in society, from new citizenship norms to new market patterns.

Robust multigrid methods for nearly incompressible elasticity using macro elements

Abstract We present a mesh-independent and parameter-robust multigrid solver for the Scott–Vogelius discretisation of the nearly incompressible linear elasticity equations on meshes with a macro element structure. The discretisation achieves exact representation of the limiting divergence constraint at moderate polynomial degree. Both the relaxation and multigrid transfer operators exploit the macro structure for robustness and efficiency. For the relaxation we use the existence of local Fortin operators on each macro cell to construct a local space decomposition with parameter-robust convergence. For the transfer we construct a robust prolongation operator by performing small local solves over each coarse macro cell. The necessity of both components of the algorithm is confirmed by numerical experiments.