Structure Of Foreign Investment Research Articles

Prospects for the formation of investment support for the technological growth of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy in the post-war period

During the war and after its end, Ukraine needs to restore its economy, in particular the agri-food sector, which is one of the key sectors of the national economy. Investment support for the technological growth of the agro-food sector can be of decisive importance for this, because it allows to achieve high productivity, competitiveness and sustainable development of this industry, which in turn will contribute to ensuring the food security of the country, raising the standard of living of the population and reducing the outflow of labor force abroad. The purpose of the article was to analyze and determine promising ways of attracting investments to support the technological development of the agro-food sector in post-war Ukraine. Using the analysis of literary sources and statistical data, the state of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the pre-war and post-war periods is considered and analyzed. The structure and investment attractiveness of Ukrainian enterprises are investigated. The state of business subjects in the field of agriculture was analyzed and with the help of expert assessments, it was established that small entrepreneurship is the driving force of the development of the economy and economic relations, although it is risky for investment. Using statistical analysis, the structure of foreign investment is investigated and it is established that the main problem of attracting foreign investment is outdated equipment and technologies, so it is necessary to integrate innovations into agriculture. So, after analyzing the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats, it was established that appropriate financing can help implement modern resource-saving technologies in agro-food production, promote the implementation of innovative approaches, namely the introduction of modern methods of soil treatment, the use of rational water use, the introduction of automation and mechanization of production processes, the use of drones and modern monitoring systems, as well as the introduction of modern methods of storage, processing and sales of products, which will ensure increased production efficiency, reduced environmental consequences and increased competitiveness of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises on the international market. The practical value of the research lies in the ability to provide recommendations on creating a favorable investment climate, improving legislation, ensuring the protection of investors' rights, as well as infrastructure development and support for research projects in the field of agro-food production

Strategy of investment attraction for the development of rural areas for the economic restoration of the agricultural sector

The research aims to study the implementation of a strategy for attracting investments to develop rural areas, which, based on the use of an investment platform and stimulation of business processes, allows for accelerating the reconstruction of infrastructure facilities in the countryside, involving interested investors in the cycle of economic restoration of the country’s agrarian sector. The research was conducted using the following methods: analysis of indicators in the structure of foreign investments; analogies and comparisons of directions of capital investments by private investors for the development of rural areas; inducing macro factors that hinder the implementation of investment policy; synthesis of indicators of the profile matrix of SWOT analysis and PEST analysis; creation of spatial models of landscapes of investment sites. The results of this study are the identification of priority foreign investment companies of the countries of the world, which ensure the attraction of direct foreign investments in the agricultural sector of the economy of Ukraine. Based on SWOT-analysis and PEST-analysis matrix profiles, macro-factors of the internal and external investment environment of rural areas are determined, which have a significant impact on the acceleration (inhibition) of the implementation of the investment platform and stimulation of business processes for the reconstruction of infrastructure facilities. A three-level profile of the landscape of the platform of investment and stimulation of business processes for the reconstruction of infrastructure objects of rural areas in Ukraine was modelled

PRIORITIES OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF STATE INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AND INVESTMENT POLICY IN GEORGIA

The article discusses current issues of financial support of state investment activities and investment policy, analysis of current practice and current situation. The study analyzes the financial and credit regulation of investments in Georgia and the relationship with the investment environment, its positive and negative aspects,the relationship of investment property financial decisions to a sequence of political, socio-economic and cultural factors, as well as challenges and opportunities in this area. The attention was focused on aspects such as: ensuring the stability of the macroeconomic and political environment, developing fiscal and monetary policies, taking into account the interests of the production sector, creating a transparent, efficient, stable and legal environment, removing bureaucratic and corruption barriers, revitalizing the work of agencies promoting investment activities. Moreover, there are estimated "SWOT factors" strengths and weaknesses of the investment environment of Georgia, its capabilities and threats. The author notes that Georgia will be able to interest investors in further expanding the production capacities in which they have already invested, only if it provides: - socio-economic stability within the country, - development of communication structures, - high level of education. Georgia has such an important factor as cheap labor force (due to low qualification of workers and high level of unemployment), which is one of the decisive factors for placing investment funds in the country. The author has focused on the growth of such financial resources in the structure of foreign investments, which will be directed to the restoration and development of production based on the state's interests. Improving the business institutional environment necessary for creating new industries, accelerating the process of economic liberalization and increasing the efficiency of the financial sector. Keywords: investment environment, funds, credit rating, public debt, foreign investments, transport sector.

Important Aspects of Region’s Investment Processes Stimulation

Investments are considered the most effective means of business recovery. A favorable investment climate is formed by the normative-legal and economic activity of the state. Accordingly, the article discusses the main directions of state regulation of investment activity. Limited investment resources are a major challenge for the effective development of the region, implementation of strategic goals and objectives. Its solution largely determines the modernization of business, which determines the development of the region and its investment attractiveness. Investments should be attracted in such areas of business, the realization of which will contribute to the development of the regions. In this regard, the most promising fields in Georgia are: tourism, energy, construction, agriculture, transport and communications. Taking into account national-state interests, the volume of investments in the structure of foreign investments should be increased, which will be directed to the revival and development of production. Integrated territorial investment measures must meet the different and diverse needs of different territories. Keywords: Business, Region, Investments, Competitiveness, Infrastructure, inflation.

CHINA’S INVESTMENT CLIMATE AND IT’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ACHIEVEMENT

The article analyzes the factors affecting China’s investment attractiveness, the features of creating a favorable investment climate in China, and investigates new trends of FDI in China. The article highlights the main directions of attracting foreign direct investment in the Chinese economy. The paper aims to systematize the theoretical aspects of the state’s investment attractiveness and analyze the investment attractiveness of the Chinese economy at the present stage of development. The purpose of the article is to determine the PRC’s contribution to global sustainable development, taking into account the fact that the PRC is strengthening its position in the world arena due to the inflow of foreign investments. The article initially examines the role of foreign direct investment in the development of the state’s economy. Each country has a specific approach to attracting foreign investment, which is predetermined by the level of socio-economic development, the degree of external openness, and the established objectives. Therefore, the first stage of the research was an analysis of investment inflows and outflows. Changes that took place due to the implementation of the “open door” policy were considered. Then the advantages and disadvantages of China’s policies aimed at stimulating foreign investment were analyzed in detail. We studied the state and dynamics of investment processes in the PRC, examined the specifics of the regional and sectoral structure of foreign investment in China, evaluated the economic essence and classification of foreign investment, forms and methods of state regulation of foreign investment, as well as some aspects of the legal regulation of investment activity in China. We have systematized the main advantages and risks of the PRC investment climate. It was found that, despite the significant investment attractiveness of China, there are many investment risks. Still, the Chinese government continues reforms aimed at improving the investment climate of the state. A review of China’s position in the ratings of investment attractiveness, such as the Ease of doing the business score, the Global Competitiveness Index, and the Global Sustainable Competitiveness Index was carried out. It was made an intermediate conclusion that foreign capital is increasingly rushing to developing countries, especially to the dynamically developing economies of the BRIC countries, the undisputed leader in attracting foreign investment among which is China. The work results give every reason to predict the growth of foreign investment in the PRC’s economy since the country is characterized by stable and positively dynamic development. It is also assumed that the inflow of investments into the PRC’s economy is reciprocal since China is smoothly turning from a recipient of investments into an investor ready to contribute to global sustainable development.

Foreign Investments and Socialist Enterprise in Slovenia (Yugoslavia): The Case of the Kolektor Company

In this article, I examine foreign investment in the socialist enterprise in the former Yugoslavia based on the case study of Kolektor in the context of the liberalized communist social and economic order. Foreign investments were allowed in the form of joint ventures. I present these investments from the viewpoint of economic reforms, the concept of socialist enterprise, and the concept of economic development, which enabled foreign investments and shaped regulation and the structure of foreign investments in Yugoslavia. The history of the case of Kolektor began at a time when Slovenia still belonged to the former Yugoslavia, which was arguably a liberalized type of communist economic system. This was during the Cold War, when both Europe and the rest of the world were divided essentially along the lines of the communist east and the capitalist west. The Kolektor Company was established in 1963 as a state socialist enterprise for the manufacture of the rotary electrical switches known as commutators. From the outset, the company tried to establish international cooperation to acquire modern technology. In 1968, it reached an agreement with the West German Company Kautt & Bux, which at the time was the technological and market leader in the production of commutators. Kautt & Bux invested in Kolektor and became an owner of 49 percent of the company. The investment proved very profitable for both partners. The Slovenian side got access to modern technology and expertise, and the German side got additional production facilities, skilled workers, and low-cost production, which increased its competitiveness on international markets.

INFORMATION SECURITY OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT PROCESS IN THE SYSTEM OF GENERAL INVESTMENT SECURITY OF UKRAINE

The article “Information Security of Foreign Investments Process in the System of General Investment Security of Ukraine” substantiates the necessity and importance of providing informational security of foreign investments in Ukraine in order to increase the attractiveness of the investment climate for foreign capital and enhance the overall level of investment security of Ukraine. The last decades are marked by the rapid formation and development of the information society in Ukraine and the global information space, the widespread use of information and communication technologies in all spheres of life. Such processes have both advantages and disadvantages. It is important to recognize that over the past five years Ukraine has been able to significantly improve its level of information security. However, in many aspects of socio-political and economic life, negative phenomena continue to emerge that pose real and potential threats to the information security of Ukrainian citizens, society and the state. Understanding the fact that information space, information resources, information infrastructure and information technologies also greatly influence the level and pace of socio-economic, scientific, technical and cultural development of our country, implementation of information security measures will not only be a guarantee for effective implementation of socio-political and economic reforms, but also the practical implementation of Ukraine's national security strategy. One of the main priorities of economic reforms in Ukraine is to increase the investment potential of the national economy and use it to develop the internal market - a task that the Ukrainian government plans to solve in the next 5 years. Therefore, when approaching the issues of investments systematically, in the situation of increasing volumes and increasing the rate of foreign direct investment, it is also necessary to take into account the investment security of Ukraine as a whole, which information security of investments is a component of. The existing diversity of investment security interpretations was systematized at the legislative level and was first reflected in the Methodology for calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine, developed by the Ministry of Economy, and then became definitive in the Methodological recommendations for calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine, approved by the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine. The document also significantly improved the existing methodology for assessing the investment security of our country, supplementing the existing list with more informative indicators of the country's investment security. Regarding the state and tendencies of foreign direct investment inflows into the domestic market, they indicate a number of trends that allow us to confirm a certain mismatch between the volumes and directions of investing and the strategic needs of our country. Unfortunately, foreign investors often prefer industries with rapid turnover of capital (trade, intermediation, financial sector) and almost completely ignore the high-tech ones, which are a prerequisite for ensuring expanded reproduction and solving the modernization problems of the domestic economy. Analysis of the dynamics and structure of foreign investment is an important information supplement to the indicator of the general level of investment security of the state. This indicator, unfortunately, indicates that the vast majority of indicators are only within the critical level. The reasons for this state of investment security are the Ukrainian-Russian war, an unreformed economy with a significant level of monopoly power in all key sectors, an under-reformed judicial system and, therefore, a naturally low attractiveness of the investment climate. However, even when these negative factors are eliminated, the impetus for attracting foreign direct investment must be ensured by information security of investments. Its strengthening will be influenced not only by the creation of clear and secure legal mechanisms for the preservation of commercial information of a foreign investor and the protection of his property rights. Foreign investor security will also be determined by the availability of detailed information on the investment climate in Ukraine and its regions. A systematic approach to the formation of key parameters of the investment security of Ukraine will require active involvement in the process of state authorities and local self-government, which today have all the necessary tools to motivate foreign investors to open new businesses in our country and to form in them a real feeling of information security of their investments. Keywords : investment, foreign investment, information, information security, investment security, investment and innovation

TENDENCIES OF ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

The article describes the essence of foreign investment and understanding of the concept of "industry". The dynamics of foreign investment inflows into the economy of Ukraine for 2010-2019 is shown and the branch structure of foreign direct investment (equity) in the economy of Ukraine by types of economic activity in 2010-2019 is analyzed. The position of industry in the overall process of attracting foreign capital is analyzed. The structure of foreign investment in the industry of the economy of Ukraine by types of economic activity in 2010-2019 is revealed. The main donor countries of direct foreign investments in the industry of the economy of Ukraine are identified. The basic ways of development of industry of Ukraine are considered. The purpose of the article is to determine the trends of development and features of foreign investment of the national economy of Ukraine. During the research, a set of general scientific methods was used: dialectic method, systemic method, method of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, descriptive method, comparison method and specific methods, in particular, economic-statistical methods, graphical method, etc. Practical relevance: the results of this study can be used in teaching the subjects "economic theory", "economic policy", "investing", as well as in the development of industrial development strategies in Ukraine.

ІНСТИТУЦІЙНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЙ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ ІНОЗЕМНОГО ІНВЕСТУВАННЯ У РОЗВИТОК НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА

Introduction. Attracting foreign investment in the country's economy is a priority for its economic development and strengthening independence. Ukraine needs to form qualitatively new ways and methods of developing international investment activity. They should be based on a continuous study of international investment processes and their relationships. The purpose of the study is to assess the current state, determine the conditions, ways and mechanisms of attracting foreign investment in the country's economy. Results. In the article we have done an analytical study of the volume and structure of foreign investment in the economy of Ukraine. The negative phenomenons in the investment process and their main causes were identified. The main problem is the lack of innovative investments. The composition of the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of investment was determined. The factors which determine the attractiveness and prospects of investment were identified: macroeconomic; regulatory policy; favourable market entry; openness of the economy; tax system; inflationary stability; accessability of resources; political stability. The composition of investment risks was determined: low rates of reform; insufficient protection of the rights of foreign investors; imperfection of the legislative base; corruption. Recommendations on increase of foreign investment were formulated: providing legislative guarantees for investors; observance the legal rights of investors and decision of the disputes; stabilization of the legal base; information support; stabilization of the political situation, etc. Conclusions. Difficult economic conditions do not guarantee a sufficiently high profitability of projects to cover country-related risk. To improve the investment climate, it is necessary to reduce the number of formal procedures, their cost and time. Key words: foreign investment, national economy, risks, state guarantees.

Geography of World Economic Relations at the Turn of the 20th Century

This article deals with the geographical aspects of international trade and foreign investment at the turn of the 20th century. These issues of historical geography of the world economy are poorly explored in national science. It is shown that the widely held views of the critical importance of the colonies in foreign economic relations of the parent states are unsubstantiated and are not statistically sound. Neither in trade nor in capital investment did the colonies play the role that is often attributed to them. It is established that it is Europe rather than the colonial empires became the main structural element of the world economic system resulting from the industrial and transport-communication revolution. The world economic ties of those times are, in essence, the interrelations between European countries or with the participation of European countries. It is found that the colonial empires were economically open systems rather than closed systems, as is sometimes suggested. The characteristics of the internal structure of the world economic relations are identified. It is shown that raw materials and food products were dominant in the commodity composition of international trade, whereas the structure of foreign investment was dominated by capital investment in the infrastructure. As far as direct foreign investments are concerned, however (which constituted a relatively small part of capital exports), they were made mainly in the primary sector of the economy. Furthermore, the counter flows of capital, that is, mutual investments of industrially developed countries, were uncommon. It is pointed out that the statement that capital was exported solely to poor and backward countries is misleading. On the contrary, as is established, most foreign investments were made in developed countries, according to the standards of those times.

Inwestycje zagraniczne w Polsce w warunkach destabilizacji makroekonomicznej

The purpose of the submitted paper is to assess changes in the level and structure of foreign investments in Poland during the years 2008–2013, so in the period of destabilization of the business environment, which was a consequence of the global financial crisis. The analysis, based on National Bank of Poland’s data showed that investment attractiveness of Poland has not been significantly reduced; however, the transfer of capital and profits has been observed. It can be concluded that in times of crisis, foreign investors prefer the stability of the financial system of the country in which the parent companies are residing to the financial system’s safety of the country that hosts subsidiary companies.

Analysis of Foreign Direct Investment on China's Industrial Structure Innovation

Since the beginning of reform and opening up, the international competitiveness of ChinaÂÂ’s economic has been enhanced. So it leads to the significant growth of foreign direct investment in our country. However, the industrial structure of foreign investment runs counter to ChinaÂÂ’s industrial structure optimization and orientation. It makes it impossible for that foreign investmentmaximization and ChinaÂÂ’s industrial structure optimization canÂÂ’t be directly proportional to develop. And it leads to the lack of conductivity for foreign investment in ChinaÂÂ’s industrial. Addressing this situation, we start with the proportional changes in composition and changes in industrial structure of FDI in the three major industries, and analyze the changes in composition of the FDI in ChinaÂÂ’s three industrial structures. The innovative industrial structure change is proposed and feasible suggestions of how to guide foreign investment gradually is put forward.

Taxation and the Financial Structure of Foreign Direct Investment

The vast increase in foreign assets globally has raised interest in how the home country should tax profits flowing from these investments. Broadly speaking, countries have chosen either to exempt foreign income from taxation or to subject foreign income to taxation with credits/deductions given for foreign taxes paid. Recent research has focused on the effect of these foreign income tax rules on the relationship between aggregate FDI flows and corporate tax rates. In this paper we examine how foreign income tax rules can affect the financial structure of subsidiary-level FDI in Europe. The tax-deductibility of interest payments suggests that higher (host-country) corporate tax rates should be associated with a greater proportion of debt-financed FDI, as foreign income tax credit systems should, in theory, limit the benefits of shielding foreign income from host country taxation. Our results indicate that whilst multinationals from tax exemption countries adjust the financial structure of foreign investments in response to corporate tax rates, the effect of corporate tax rates is insignificant for FDI originating from tax credit countries. These results reveal an additional channel through which foreign income tax credit systems attenuate the forces of tax competition.

The Structure of Foreign Investment: Comment

The Structure of Foreign Investment: Comment

The Structure of Foreign Investment: Reply

The Structure of Foreign Investment: Reply

Resource Endowment and the Structure of Foreign Investment

Resource Endowment and the Structure of Foreign Investment