INFORMATION SECURITY OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT PROCESS IN THE SYSTEM OF GENERAL INVESTMENT SECURITY OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article “Information Security of Foreign Investments Process in the System of General Investment Security of Ukraine” substantiates the necessity and importance of providing informational security of foreign investments in Ukraine in order to increase the attractiveness of the investment climate for foreign capital and enhance the overall level of investment security of Ukraine. The last decades are marked by the rapid formation and development of the information society in Ukraine and the global information space, the widespread use of information and communication technologies in all spheres of life. Such processes have both advantages and disadvantages. It is important to recognize that over the past five years Ukraine has been able to significantly improve its level of information security. However, in many aspects of socio-political and economic life, negative phenomena continue to emerge that pose real and potential threats to the information security of Ukrainian citizens, society and the state. Understanding the fact that information space, information resources, information infrastructure and information technologies also greatly influence the level and pace of socio-economic, scientific, technical and cultural development of our country, implementation of information security measures will not only be a guarantee for effective implementation of socio-political and economic reforms, but also the practical implementation of Ukraine's national security strategy. One of the main priorities of economic reforms in Ukraine is to increase the investment potential of the national economy and use it to develop the internal market - a task that the Ukrainian government plans to solve in the next 5 years. Therefore, when approaching the issues of investments systematically, in the situation of increasing volumes and increasing the rate of foreign direct investment, it is also necessary to take into account the investment security of Ukraine as a whole, which information security of investments is a component of. The existing diversity of investment security interpretations was systematized at the legislative level and was first reflected in the Methodology for calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine, developed by the Ministry of Economy, and then became definitive in the Methodological recommendations for calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine, approved by the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine. The document also significantly improved the existing methodology for assessing the investment security of our country, supplementing the existing list with more informative indicators of the country's investment security. Regarding the state and tendencies of foreign direct investment inflows into the domestic market, they indicate a number of trends that allow us to confirm a certain mismatch between the volumes and directions of investing and the strategic needs of our country. Unfortunately, foreign investors often prefer industries with rapid turnover of capital (trade, intermediation, financial sector) and almost completely ignore the high-tech ones, which are a prerequisite for ensuring expanded reproduction and solving the modernization problems of the domestic economy. Analysis of the dynamics and structure of foreign investment is an important information supplement to the indicator of the general level of investment security of the state. This indicator, unfortunately, indicates that the vast majority of indicators are only within the critical level. The reasons for this state of investment security are the Ukrainian-Russian war, an unreformed economy with a significant level of monopoly power in all key sectors, an under-reformed judicial system and, therefore, a naturally low attractiveness of the investment climate. However, even when these negative factors are eliminated, the impetus for attracting foreign direct investment must be ensured by information security of investments. Its strengthening will be influenced not only by the creation of clear and secure legal mechanisms for the preservation of commercial information of a foreign investor and the protection of his property rights. Foreign investor security will also be determined by the availability of detailed information on the investment climate in Ukraine and its regions. A systematic approach to the formation of key parameters of the investment security of Ukraine will require active involvement in the process of state authorities and local self-government, which today have all the necessary tools to motivate foreign investors to open new businesses in our country and to form in them a real feeling of information security of their investments. Keywords : investment, foreign investment, information, information security, investment security, investment and innovation