Structure Of Deuterium Research Articles

Protocol of Refinement in Neutron Crystallographic Analysis

The protocol of refinement in neutron protein crystallographic analysis is described in this article. During the refinement, there are several features specialized for neutron experiment:(1) the mixed chemical structure of deuterium and hydrogen atoms, (2) solvent molecules around the protein, and the deuterium exchange in the polypeptide chain. We demonstrate the example of neutron refinement steps, using rubredoxin mutant, of which neutron diffraction collected using BIX-3 diffractometer at JRR-3 in Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The X-ray refinement program of CNS was used for the present refinement. Scattering lengths, stereochemical parameters, and command input files were modified for neutron experiment. These files would be the templates for the neutron protein crystallographic analysis.

Nuclear-structure corrections to the energy spectra of ordinary and muonic deuterium

One-loop nuclear-structure-induced corrections of order (Zα)5 to the Lamb shift and to the hyperfine structure of deuterium are calculated. The contribution of deuteron-structure effects to the (ep)-(ed) and (μp)-(μd) isotopic shifts for the 1S–2S splitting is obtained with the aid of modern experimental data on the electromagnetic form factors for the deuteron. A comparison with the analogous contributions to the Lamb shift for ordinary and muonic hydrogen shows that the relative contribution of corrections associated with the nuclear structure increases as we go over from the hydrogen to the deuterium atom owing to the growth of the nuclear size.

Coverage and structure of deuterium on Cu(111)

The absolute coverages of atomic deuterium adsorbed on the Cu(111) surface at a temperature of 100 K have been determined using nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), and correlated with thermal desorption spectra (TDS) and deuterium-induced low energy electron diffraction (LEED) patterns for Cu(111). It was found that the adsorption of deuterium saturates at a coverage of 0.67 ± 0.03 ML, significantly lower than that observed for fcc(111) transition metal surfaces. The D coverage for a (2 × 2) LEED pattern was measured to be 0.5 ML, in common with those of H Ni(111) and H(D) Ag(111) . No bulk absorption was observed. The low saturation coverage of D on Cu(111) is attributed to the combination of a low heat of adsorption and D-D repulsion on the surface.

Local bonding structure of deuterium in single-crystal silicon determined by nuclear magnetic resonance.

Nuclear magnetic resonance was used to determine the local structure of deuterium in single-crystal silicon. The deuterium was introduced by hydrogenation and incorporated in hydrogen-induced extended planar defects. The spectrum consists of two components: a narrow doublet and a broad central line. The splitting and orientational dependence of the doublet establish that it arises from D bonded to Si with the Si-D bonds aligned along the directions

Local Bonding Structure of Hydrogen in Crystalline Silicon: NMR and Tem Studies

ABSTRACTNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and transmission electron microscopy have been used to obtain information on the local structure of deuterium in single-crystal silicon, both for deuterated, phosphorous-doped Si that contains platelet-structured defects and for deuterated boron-doped silicon. In both cases, the NMR spectrum consists of two components, a narrow doublet and a central, unsplit line. The doublet arises from D bonded to Si with the Si-D bond along the <111> directions. The central line, which contains more D than does the doublet, is ascribed primarily to molecular D2 that resides in regions of the crystal where translation and tumbling are inhibited and possibly to some D in weak Si-D bonds.

Crystal Structure of Deuterium at Low Temperatures

Crystal Structure of Deuterium at Low Temperatures

Hyperfine Structure of Deuterium and Nucleon-Nucleon Spin-Orbit Potentials

The hyperfine structure of deuterium is a very sensitive indicator of the amount of spin-orbit forces in the deuteron, and even with the present theoretical uncertainty in the interpretation of the hfs, it affords a limr- tation on the amount of magnetic moment arising from spin-orbit forces which proves te be more severs then that afforded by mere examination of the magnetic moment of the deuteron. (W.D.M.)

On the Hyperfine Structure of Deuterium

On the Hyperfine Structure of Deuterium