Model Structural Equation Research Articles

The Fulfillment of Psychological Contract and Job Satisfaction in Reducing Procrastination of Employees Working in the Public SectorPublic Sector

This research aims to examine the factors that influence procrastination among education staff at a university. The research used mono methods: quantitative method, survey strategy, and cross-sectional research design. The data were collected by questionnaires distributed offline and online via Google Forms to 145 education staff at a state university in Yogyakarta. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling equation based on Partial Least Square (SEM PLS). The research found that achievement motivation and organizational commitment influence procrastination directly and through the mediation of fulfilling the psychological contract. Meanwhile, job satisfaction does not significantly affect procrastination, nor does it mediate the influence of achievement motivation and organizational commitment on procrastination. The research results were then discussed according to the characteristics of organizations in the public sector in higher education.

Identification Of Accountability With Competence, Community Participation And Information Technology In The Village Of Langkat District

This study aims to examine the effect of village government competence, community participation and utilization of information technology on accountability in villages in the Langkat Regency area. This research design is associative quantitative research. Data collection using a questionnaire with 244 respondents consisting of Planning, Budgeting, Administration, Reporting and Data Compilation in 47 villages in the Langkat Regency area. This research uses the SEM-Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. PLS is a component or variant-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model. The results of this study indicate that the competence of village government, community participation and utilization of information technology have a positive effect on the accountability of village financial management. The implications of the results of this study prove that village financial accountability can be identified by factors of village government competence, community participation and the use of information technology that is adopted effectively and on target.

Fishermen Empowerment: The Key Role of Human Capital and Joint Business Group Performance in Improving Welfare in Kendari City, Indonesia

This study examines the influence of human capital and the performance of joint business groups on the empowerment of fishing communities in Kendari City. The research was conducted in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi Province, from October to December 2023. The study population comprises all fishermen who are members of the Joint Business Group, abbreviated as KUB, in Nambo Subdistrict, Kendari City, amounting to 142 individuals. The sample for this study was determined using the census method, which entailed the inclusion of the entire population, or 142 fishermen, as a sample. The exogenous variables in the study, namely human capital and the performance of the fishermen Joint Business Group (KUB), while the endogenous variable, namely the empowerment of the fishing community itself. The research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to describe or describe the status of human capital variables, the performance of the Joint Business Group (KUB), and the empowerment of fishing communities. Inferential statistics were used to describe and explain the fishing community empowerment model with Partial Least Square (PLS), a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model. The results show that human capital has a positive and significant effect on the performance of joint business groups and the empowerment of fishing communities. In addition, the performance of joint business groups has a positive and significant contribution in improving the empowerment of fishing communities. The indirect effect of human capital is positive and significant through the performance of joint business groups on the empowerment of fishing communities in Kendari City. So that the empowerment of fishing communities will be able to be achieved by increasing the human capital of fishermen through the effective implementation of the Joint Business Group (KUB) program as a forum for learning and community self-development.

Factors that Influence the use of Management Accounting on SME Performance in the city of Medan

The aim of this research is to examine the influence of the use of management accounting on SME performance, and environmental uncertainty, information technology, quality of human resources and innovation as factors that influence the use of management accounting. Descriptive quantitative research method, namely the results of processing data and then representing it. The population of this research is SMEs from various business sectors spread across the city of Medan. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique as many as 33 SMEs in the city of Medan. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model is used for the data analysis method. Information technology influences the use of management accounting, environmental uncertainty, human resources and innovation do not influence the use of management accounting. The use of management accounting influences the performance of SMEs.

Unveiling brand loyalty in emerging markets: Analyzing smartphone user preferences: Robustness of structural equation modeling (SEM) and simultaneous equation modeling (SEMs)

This study aims to examine the determinants of brand loyalty in emerging markets, focusing on smartphone consumers in Bangladesh. The study focuses on identifying the key elements that contribute to brand loyalty and the extent of their impact on customers' commitment to their preferred smartphone manufacturers. A theoretical framework will be employed to establish the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Data for the study was collected from 390 participants through a Google form explicitly designed for this purpose. In this study Simultaneous Regression Analysis has been used to synchronize the findings of the Structural Equation Models (SEM) and also is used to emphasize the robustness of the study. The data analysis used PSS to calculate the mean and standard deviation. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), reliability, and convergent validity were accomplished using Amos. The findings indicate that consumer attitudes, service quality, public self-consciousness, and behavioural brand experience all significantly influence brand loyalty. Furthermore, brand trust plays a crucial and favourable mediating role between consumer perceptions, brand loyalty, and service excellence. The model suggested in this study has a big effect, and Bangladesh policymakers should consider this model when planning new factors affecting brand loyalty. The results of this research can be valuable for Bangladeshi smartphone companies as they gain insights into the factors affecting brand loyalty among consumers. The study discusses the limitations of its generalizability and provides practical implications for businesses and their market offerings.

Technology Competence, Self-Efficacy, and Attitude Towards Online Distance Learning by Nurse Educators during Disruptive Times: A Concurrent Triangulation

The unprecedented emergence of COVID-19 pandemic affected the world in a multi- dimensional impact on society. The abrupt imposition of online learning was realized accompanied by sudden changes from classroom attendance to home study using online technology. Several studies found out that attitudes towards online distance learning, technological competence, and self-efficacy are significant factors to be considered in an online distance learning by nurse educators teaching in the Bachelor of Science in Nursing program. Moreover, authorities firmly suggested that these variables are believed to be influential to nurse educators in relation to their performances in the new educational system. This study aimed to analyze the path relationships of nurse educators’ technology competency, self- efficacy, and attitude towards online distance learning during disruptive times. Concurrent triangulation method was used particularly path analysis and Hermeneutical inquiry. A total of 97 nurse educators from the three Colleges of Nursing were included and 8 participants for the qualitative inquiry. Results showed that nurse educators have favourable attitude, high technology competence, and have a reasonable amount of self-efficacy. Structural Model Equation (SEM) reveals that technology competence significantly mediates the relationship between attitude towards online distance learning and self-efficacy. Furthermore, seven major metaphoric themes were identified – A chief complaint of Doubt and Uncertainty, Coding for Triage, Stat Mydriatics for Opening the Lens of Eyesight in Viewing the Reality, Heightened Alert of Activation Response for Brain Stimulation, and Precising an Insertion Guided with Confidence Through a Stylet, A Dose of Potentiating Meds for Synergistic Effect, and lastly Activating 9-1-1 for Cyber Rescue. Conclusively, technological competence has a mediating role in relation to self-efficacy and attitude towards online distance learning. This result implies that nurse educators must prioritize technology competence prior to their performance in an online distance learning environment.

Quantifying the resistance of mixed-forests against natural hazards in the Pyrenees

Mountain protection forests can prevent natural hazards by reducing their onset and propagation probabilities. In fact, individual trees act as natural barriers against hydrogeomorphic events. However, assessing the structural strength of trees against these hazards is challenging, especially in a context of climate change due to the intensification of extreme events and changes in forest dynamics. Here, we focus on the mechanical analyses of two of the most common tree species across the Pyrenees (Abies alba Mill. and Fagus sylvatica L.) growing in two different areas (Spain and France), and affected by recurrent snow avalanche and rockfall events. We first performed 53 pulling test on mature trees, where the root-plate stiffness and the modulus of elasticity of the stems were evaluated. To further analyse the impact of forest management and climate on protective forests, we yielded information on tree growth using dendroecology techniques. Then, we assessed structure and neighbourhood characteristics for each target tree to account for the surrounding forest structure. Finally, using linear and structured equation models we tested if the mechanical capacity of the trees is determined either by functional traits (e.g. species, tree growth, diameter and height) or forest structural traits (e.g. tree density, tree structure and slenderness) or both. Our results suggest that the forest neighbourhood influences tree mechanical capacity through two pathways, including both functional and structural traits. The individual stiffness parameter of trees is influenced by their functional traits, while their structural traits are more closely related with changes in the modulus of elasticity. Both species exhibit varying levels of dominance in different locations, which is related to their resilience to the diverse natural hazards they confront. Our findings provide relevant insights to anticipating management strategies for forests that serve as a protective barrier against natural hazards in the context of a changing climate.

To fear or not to fear – Human resource development professionals’ positioning towards artificial intelligence with a focus on augmentation

Artificial intelligence (AI) has far-reaching implications for education. Within organizations, especially companies, human resource development (HRD) enables and supports learning processes among employees. In a similar way to teachers and lecturers, HRD professionals play an important role in implementing AI in HRD. However, there is a lack of quantitative empirical evidence about this process. The aim of this paper is to shed light on how HRD professionals position themselves with respect to AI. The concept of Davenport and Kirby's augmentation strategies, adapted to HRD, act as the theoretical background. The core idea of augmentation lies in human-AI collaboration. In our study, we empirically validate this concept of augmentation strategies and predict the extent to which HRD professionals pursue the five strategies: step in, step up, step forward, step aside, and step narrowly. The predictors are grouped into three areas: attitudes, competence beliefs, and goal orientation. HRD professionals (N = 330) from German-speaking countries act as the sample. Covariance based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) act as the method for data analysis. The findings reveal the crucial impact of cognitive attitudes towards digitalization and AI anxiety when pursuing the augmentation strategies. AI competence beliefs are an important predictor for collaboration with AI. General digital competence beliefs can only indirectly predict the augmentation strategies. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

Capital structure and the firm performance nexus: the moderating and mediating roles of agency cost

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the linear and non-linear relationship between capital structure (CS) and firm performance (FP) and the moderating and mediating roles of agency costs in the CS-FP nexus.Design/methodology/approachThis study used static and quadratic panel data regression models to examine the linear and non-linear relationships and structured equation models to analyze the mediating effect of agency costs in the CS-FP nexus of 38 listed non-financial Mauritian firms from 2009 to 2019.FindingsLeverage has a significant negative effect on FP supporting the pecking order theory. Agency costs are significantly and positively associated with FP. There is a strong non-linear relationship between leverage and FP supporting the trade-off and agency cost theories. Agency costs are an important moderator and mediator in the CS-FP nexus. Overall, the sensitivity analyses showed that the results were robust.Practical implicationsFirms need to carefully consider the levels and types of debt and equity in their CS involving the use of dynamic strategies to adjust CS in response to changing economic conditions and FP. The moderating effect of agency costs may guide firms in optimizing CS and may contribute to corporate governance discussions, emphasizing the importance of aligning interests to foster sustainable business practices.Originality/valueThis study adds to the extant literature by providing new evidence on the non-linear relationship between leverage and FP and the moderating and mediating roles of agency costs in the CS-FP nexus in emerging capital markets, where such studies are rare.

The Influence of Human Resource Competence, Implementation of Agency Level Financial Application Systems and Organizational Commitment on The Information Value of Central Government Financial Reports (Empirical Study in The Ministry of Industry in Java and Sumatera Regions)

This study aims to determine, test, and analyze the influence of human resource competence, implementation of agency-level financial application systems, and organizational commitment on the information value of central government financial reports in the ministries of industry in the Java and Sumatera regions. This research uses quantitative methods with an associative approach and documentary data collection by collecting, recording, reviewing and analyzing primary data in the form of respondents’ answers to the questionnaires given. This research took 70 samples as respondents from work units. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics which is used to explain the data description of all variables and Partial Least Square (PLS) regression analysis which is a Structural Equation Model (SEM) equation model. The results of this research show that human resource competence, application system implementation agency level finance, and organizational commitment influence the information value of central government financial reports.

Integrating eco‐labeling and green advertising in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 12

AbstractSustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG‐12), that is the responsible consumption and production, is aimed to encourage producers and consumers to consider sustainable development while producing and consuming products. However, it is imperative to estimate the social achievement of SDG‐12 objective at the consumption end. Eco‐labeling and green advertising are the common business marketing strategies employed to inform and influence consumers to make environmentally conscious choices. This study explores the integrated factors of these strategies to influence consumer perceptions, attitudes, and purchase intentions toward environmentally friendly products in a developing country. The data from 327 respondents using a survey questionnaire are analyzed using structural model equation to measure the hypothetical relationship of eco‐labeling and green advertising in achieving SDG‐12. The results indicate that perceived effectiveness, environmental awareness, green trust, and perceived information quality as instrumental factors directly contributing to consumers' intentions to engage in green purchases eventually ensuring SDG‐12 targets, while price sensitivity is the major challenge that is required to be addressed.

The Role Of Self-Control in Mediating The Influence of Descriptive Norms and Academic Stress on Intentioncyberloafing

This research aims to:analyze the influence of descriptive norms on cyberloafing, academic stress on cyberloafing, self-control on cyberloafing, descriptive norms on self-control, academic stress on self-control, descriptive norms on cyberloafing through self-control as a mediating variable, and analyze the influence of academic stress on cyberloafing through self-control as a mediating variable for training participants at BLK Karanganyar. This research uses quantitative methods by distributing questionnaires (e-questionnaires) and statistical or computational methods using SmartPLS (Partial Least Square) software with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation models. This research was conducted on 117 samples who were training participants at BLK Karanganyar in 2023 Young Graphic Designer Training Program and Position GMAW Welding Plate Welder Training Program (3G/PF). The research results show that only descriptive norms were found to have a positive effect on cyberloafing, while academic stress and self-control were found to have no effect. However, in terms of self-control, academic stress was found to have a negative effect on participants' self-control. Meanwhile, the mediating variable results of self-control succeeded in mediating the relationship between academic stress and cyberloafing.

Comparison of Audience Behavior between eSports and Authentic Sports Fans.

This study analyzed how the behavioral patterns of esports and authentic sports viewers differ, adopting user and gratification theory and media transportation theory. In particular, it was investigated whether there was a difference in behavioral patterns according to the experience of playing the sport even among authentic sports viewers. As a result of analyzing the relationship between viewers' motivation and media transportation outcomes through structural equation modeling and multigroup structural equation modeling, it was observed that cognitive motivation was more important for esports viewers than for authentic sports viewers. A second analysis of comparisons among fans of authentic sports showed that viewers with sports experience had greater cognitive needs. This result shows that there is a difference between the viewer behaviors of esports and traditional sports, but it is concluded that the presence or absence of sports participation experience rather than content is the factor that separates the difference.

Accelerating Digital Banking Transformation Through User Acceptance: a study on the Millennial Cultural

This study aims to examine a conceptual model that explains the main factors that influence the behavioural intention of the millennial generation in their acceptance of the use of digital banking. The conceptual model is based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2), with experience as a moderating variable. The modelling was carried out using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) equation to analyze the data collected from the questionnaires filled out by the respondents. The research results show that behavioural intentions are significantly influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, and habit. Social influence and price value are not factors that contribute to the cultural behaviour intention of the millennial generation towards accepting the use of digital banking. In line with hypothesis testing, moderation testing with experience as a moderating variable that has no influence is social influence and price value. This study offers the banking sector to design and market products through technological innovation that can become a competitive advantage, thereby increasing the digital banking acceptance of the millennial generation in Central Java.

Pengaruh Peran Core Self-Evaluation Dan Empowering Leadership Terhadap Employee Creativity Melalui Knowladge Sharing

This research examines the employees of UKM Batik Lasem Sekar Mulyo, Rembang. This research aims to determine the influence of the role of core self-evaluation and empowering leadership on employee creativity through knowledge sharing. The research method in this research is a quantitative research method. The population in this study were all employees with a total of 95 employees who worked at UKM Batik Lasem Sekar Mulyo, Rembang, while the sample in this study was 95 respondents. Determining the sample size used a non-probability sampling technique because the population was relatively small, so the technique taken was saturated sampling (census). Data analysis in this research used the SmartPLS version 3 program. The data analysis technique used was the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model. The results of the analysis and discussion show that the quality perception variable influences Core Self-Evaluation and influences Employee Creativity, Empowering Leadership influences Employee Creativity, Core Self-Evaluation influences Knowledge Sharing, Empowering Leadership influences Knowledge Sharing, Knowledge sharing influences Employee Creativity, Core Self-Evaluation has an effect on Employee Creativity, partially mediated by Knowledge sharing, and Empowering Leadership has an effect on Employee Creativity in Employees of UKM Batik Lasem Sekar Mulyo, Rembang, which is partially mediated by Knowledge sharing.

A comparative analysis of multivariate approaches for data analysis in management sciences

The researchers use the SEM-based multivariate approach to analyze the data in different fields, including management sciences and economics. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) are powerful data analysis techniques. This paper aims to compare both models, their efficiencies and deficiencies, methodologies, procedures, and how to employ the models. The outcomes of this paper exhibited that the PLS-SEM is a technique that combines the strengths of structural equation modeling and partial least squares. It is imperative to know that the PLS-SEM is a powerful technique that can handle measurement error at the highest levels, trim and unbalanced datasets, and latent variables. It is beneficial for analyzing relationships among latent constructs that may not be candidly witnessed and might not be applied in situations where traditional SEM would be infeasible. However, the CB-SEM approach is a procedure that pools the strengths of both structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis. The CB-SEM is a dominant multivariate technique that can grip multiple groups and indicators; it is beneficial for analyzing relationships among latent variables and multiple manifest variables, which can be directly observed. The paper concluded that the PLS-SEM is a more suitable technique for analyzing relations among latent constructs, generally for a small dataset, and the measurement error is high. However, the CB-SEM is suitable for analyzing compound latent and manifest constructs, mainly when the goal is to generalize results to specific population subgroups. The PLS-SEM and CB-SEM have specific efficiencies and deficiencies that determine which technique to use depending on resource availability, the research question, the dataset, and the available time.

Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Dan Costumer Review Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Di Lazada

This study aims to analyze the effect of product quality variables, customer reviews, and service quality on purchasing decisions at Lazada. With a case study studied on consumers who shop at the Lazada application in Srondol Kulon Village, Banyumanik District, Semarang City. The research method in this research is a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all buyers on the Lazada Application in Srondol Kulon Village, Banyumanik District, Semarang City, while the sample taken in this study was 100 Lazada Application users. Determination of the sample size using the method of non-proprability sampling technique and selection of respondents with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis in this study using the SmartPLS version 3 program. The data analysis technique used is the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model. From the results of the analysis and discussion of this study, it shows that the product quality variable has a significant influence on purchasing decisions, the customer review variable does not have a significant influence on purchasing decisions, and the service quality variable has a significant influence on purchasing decisions.

MEDIASI MOTIVASI KERJA PADA HUBUNGAN KOMPENSASI DAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP SEMANGAT KERJA

Abstract is written concisely and factually, includes the background of research, the purpose of research, the method of research, the result of research, conclusion, and recommendation. Abstract is written in one paragraph, font Times New Roman 11, italic and 1 spacing. This study aims to determine the effect of compensation and leadership style on employee morale with motivation as an intervening variable at CV. Jati Sarana Mulia. The data for this study were obtained from distributing questionnaires to 65 employees of CV. Jati Sarana Mulia. The sampling technique in this study is total sampling, where the total sample and population used in this study are the same in number. The data analysis method used in this study is the Structural Equation Modeling equation model using variance or component based structural equation modeling. After analyzing the data, the results of this study indicate that compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee morale. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee morale. Leadership style has no effect on employee morale. Compensation has a positive and significant effect on work motivation. Leadership style has a positive and significant effect on work motivation. Compensation has a positive and significant effect on morale through motivation. Leadership style has no effect on morale through motivation.

The Role of Spiritual Leadership in Employee Loyalty in the General Company for Communications and Informatics in Iraq

The research aims to clarify the role that spiritual leadership exercises in the loyalty of workers in the General Company for Communications and Informatics in Iraq. The research was conducted on a deliberate sample of the company’s employees, numbering (100) respondents, based on a main hypothesis that states (strengthening spiritual leadership and loyalty of workers in the General Company for Communications and Informatics In Iraq) the research followed the descriptive analytical approach, basing its data analysis on the structural modeling equation (SEM). The research was able to prove its main hypothesis based on the results that showed a significant impact of spiritual leadership on the loyalty of employees in the General Company for Communications and Informatics in Iraq. The research recommended the need to establish Dimensions of spiritual leadership represented by (vision, belonging, faith, and altruism) among employees of the General Company for Communications and Informatics in Iraq.

CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM comparison in estimating the predictors of investment intention

This paper compares different structural equation modeling approaches in estimating the predictors of investment intention. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques were compared in the estimation of the model according to the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Additionally, the consistent PLS algorithm (PLSc) was taken into consideration in the methods comparison. To determine which factors affect stock investment intention, a TPB model with attitude towards behavior, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm as independent variables was estimated using three different approaches. The factors in the model were measured using survey indicators and the final sample included 200 Croatian residents. The results mostly show matching conclusions about the investment intention predictors, with a small difference observed in the PLS-SEM method. It can also be concluded that the factor loadings are higher according to PLS-SEM, as well as the indicators of convergent validity and reliability. On the other hand, CB-SEM shows stronger structural paths than PLS-SEM, and PLSc results are closer to those of CB-SEM. While CB-SEM shows better model fit, PLS-SEM shows high predictive power. This research further provides explanations of the differences and guidelines on when to use which approach.