Structural Relationship Model Research Articles

Devising A Structural Equation Model of Relations Between Teachers’ Goal Orientations, Epistemological Beliefs And Self-Efficacy

Differences, backgrounds, and characteristics of teachers are essential factors in the teaching and learning environments. Teachers are a vital factor in quality education and an influential component in improving the success of any educational system. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the self-efficacy, goal orientations, and epistemological beliefs of teachers. A sample of 375 teachers participated in this study. Path analysis results indicate that their epistemological beliefs correlate with the ability to approach goals, mastery goals, and self-efficacy. The maximum effect of teachers’ mastery goal is on the efficacy of instructional strategies and then on classroom management efficacy.

National brands in hard discounters: market expansion and bargaining power effects

Abstract In this paper, we analyse the strategic role of the recent introduction of national brand (NB) products by hard discounters (HDs) in the French food retailing market and its impact both at the retail and manufacturer levels. We use a structural econometric model of vertical relationships and consider the competition between mainstream retailers (MSRs) and HDs, and between NBs and private labels (PLs). We apply this model to the French dairy dessert market, which is characterised by a high penetration of PLs and a high concentration at the manufacturer and retail levels. Using a counterfactual analysis, we show that the introduction of NBs by HDs clearly increases hard discounters’ profits. Consumers benefit from this strategy. Moreover, we find an increase in the profit of manufacturers of NBs but at the expense of MSRs. We also show that the introduction of NBs by HDs does not only act as a means to attract different consumer groups and extend their market share through a variety effect. It also serves to improve their bargaining position with respect to their PL providers.

The Structural Model of Relationships of Factors Affecting Post-Traumatic Growth Mediated by Cognitive Positive Re-evaluation and Rumination in Patients with Cancer

The Structural Model of Relationships of Factors Affecting Post-Traumatic Growth Mediated by Cognitive Positive Re-evaluation and Rumination in Patients with Cancer

중 · 고령 라인댄스 참여자의 지각된 가치와 공동체 의식 및 사회적 안녕감의 구조적 관계 분석

This study was to investigate the structural relationship model among perceived value, community spirit and social well-being of line dance participants of the middle-aged and elderly. To prevent the spread of COVID-19, a total 277 date collected of line dance participants of the middle-aged and elderly in Seoul, Kyuggi, Dae-jeon and Gangwon prvince. The frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and structural equating modeling were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 programs for Windows. The results of this study are follows: 1) The perceived value had an influence on community spirit. 2) The community spirit had an influence on social well-being. 3) The perceived value had no influence on social well-being. 4) The community spirit mediated the relationship between perceived value and social well-being.

A structural relationship model for L2 oral proficiency, L2 interest, perceived importance of speaking, and out-of-class L2 contact

Using a structural equation modeling approach, this study investigates the structural relationships between second language (L2) oral proficiency and interest in learning the target language (L2 interest), in the presence of potential mediating variables (i.e. perceived importance of speaking, out-of-class contact with L2 resources). It also examines if interactive and noninteractive out-of-class L2 contact function differently in the structural model. Data were collected from 1,922 college students taking Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish language classes in the United States. Key findings suggest that (1) L2 interest, as one measure of integrativeness and intrinsic motivation, strongly drives L2 oral development. However, its effect is completely mediated by the perceived importance of speaking; (2) Out-of-class L2 contact, either interactive or noninteractive, significantly correlates with L2 interest but has no significant effect on L2 oral proficiency; (3) however, interactive and noninteractive out-of-class L2 contact still function differently in the structural relationship. Interactive language practice based on digital tools could play a promising role in future L2 learning. Pedagogical implications are presented in the discussion section.

Confirmatory factorial model of the interruption of pregnancy against COVID-19

The objective of the present study was to establish the exploratory factorial structure of instruments that measured psychological-cultural variables around intentions and experiences related to the interruption of pregnancy. A non-experimental, exploratory and cross-sectional study was carried out with a non-probabilistic selection of 100 students. The adjustments of the theoretical relationships with respect to the weighted relationships were estimated using two structural models, one cultural and the other cognitive. The values factor explained 41% of the variance (α = 0.732). The belief factor explained 33% of the variance (α = 0.705). The perceptual factor explained 28% of the variance (α = 0.721). The motive factor explained 23% of the variance (α = 0.742). The attitudinal factor explained 17% of the variance (α = 0.701). The normative factor explained 14% of the variance (α = 0.758). The intentional factor explained 9% of the variance (α 0.784) and the experiential factor explained 7% of the variance (α = 0.791). However, the fit and residual parameters [X2 = 356.46 (67df) p = 0.067; GFI = 0.990; CFI = 0.975; RMSEA = 0.000] of the structural model of dependency relationships between indicators and cultural factors evidenced the spurious incidence of perceptions about experiences of termination of pregnancy (β = 0.27). In contrast, the adjustment and residual statistics [X2 = 145.25 (46df) p = 0.035; GFI = 0.970; CFI = 0.985; RMSEA = 0.003] of the cognitive model showed the significant effect of attitudes on intentions to terminate pregnancy (β = 0.68).

A structural relationship model for L2 oral proficiency, L2 interest, perceived importance of speaking, and out-of-class L2 contact

A structural relationship model for L2 oral proficiency, L2 interest, perceived importance of speaking, and out-of-class L2 contact

생활스포츠지도자의 직무열의와 직무성과의 관계에서 회복탄력성의 매개효과 분석

This study was to investigate the structural relationship model among job enthusiasm, resilience and job performance of life sport instructor. To prevent the spread of COVID-19, a total 215 date collected on-line of life sport instructor in Seoul, Kyuggi and Dae-jeon prvince. The frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and structural equating modeling were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 programs for Windows. The results of this study are follows: 1) The job enthusiasm of life sport instructor had influence on resilience. 2) The resilience of life sport instructor had influence on job performance. 3) The job enthusiasm of life sport instructor had no influence on job performance. 4) The resilience mediated the relationship between job enthusiasm and job performance in life sport instructor.

Studying the relationship between causes and effects of poor communication in construction projects using PLS-SEM approach

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a structural relationship model to study the relationship between causes and effects of poor communication and information exchange in construction projects using Smart-PLS.Design/methodology/approachThe first method of this research is to identify the causes and effects factors of poor communication in construction projects from the extant of literature. The data used to develop the model was collected using a questionnaire survey, which targeted construction practitioners in the Malaysian construction industry. A five-point Likert type scale was used to rate the significance of the factors. The factors were classified under their relevant construct/group using exploratory factor analysis. A hypothetical model was developed and then transformed into Smart-PLS in which the hypothetical model suggested that each group of the cause factors has a direct impact on the effect groups. The hypothesis was tested using t-values and p-values. The model was assessed for its inner and outer components and achieved the threshold criterion. Further, the model was verified by engaging 14 construction experts to verify its applicability in the construction project setting.FindingsThe study developed a structural equation model to clarify the relationships between causes and effects of poor communication in construction projects. The model explained the degree of relationships among causes and effects of poor communication in construction projects.Originality/valueThe published academic and non-academic literature introduced many studies on the issue of communication including the definitions, importance, barriers to effective communication and means of poor communication. However, these studies ended up only on the general issue of communication lacking an in-depth investigation of the causes and effects of poor communication in the construction industry. The study implemented advanced structural modeling to study the causes and effects. The questionnaire, the data and concluding results fill the identified research gap of this study. The addressed issue is also of interest because communication is considered one of the main knowledge areas in construction management.

2D-QSAR Modeling of Quinazolinone Derivatives as Angiotensin II Type 1a Receptor Blockers

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are a group of drugs primarily used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Multiple quantitative structural activity relationship (QSAR) models established for prediction of angiotensin II type 1a (AT-1a) receptor blocking activity of quinazolinone derivatives to investigate the structural attributes that have significant correlation with biological activity. The genetic algorithm (GA) approach was used to generate a highly predictive models using easily interpretable Py, OEstate and Padel descriptors. OECD principles have been followed to develop statistically robust QSAR models (R2tr = 0.8055 – 0.8625) with good external predictivity (CCCex = 0.7528-0.8450). The multiple QSAR models successfully identified that increase in surface area of negatively charge carbon atom within four bonds from N atom, presence of tetrazole substituents and sp3 N atoms governs the AT-1a receptor blocking activity. The validated QSAR models of present study might be helpful for evaluation AT-1a receptor blocking activity to identify novel hits.

Modeling Structural Equations of Relationships between Attachment Styles and Self-Differentiation with Academic Performance of University Students with the Mediating Role of Health Promoting Lifestyle

Aim: The aim of this study was to test the structural equation model of relationships between attachment styles and self-differentiation with academic performance of university students with the mediating role of health-promoting lifestyle. Methods: The method of this research was descriptive and correlation type. The statistical population consisted of all undergraduate students of Shahid Beheshti University (1554 people) in the academic year of 2018-2019. The sample size was estimated to be 308 based on Cochran formula. Eventually 305 questionnaires were finalized. Research tools included the Self-Distinction Questionnaire (Skowron & Schmitt, 2003), the Adults Attachment Inventory (AAI) (Hazen and Shaver, 1987), the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (Walker, Sichrist & Pender, 1995) and the Educational Performance Test (Pham and Taylor, 1999) were used and data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Pearson correlation, path analysis and structural equation modeling) using SPSS 23 and AMOS 26 statistical softwares. Findings: The results showed that attachment styles and self-differentiation have a significant relationship with academic performance and these variables are able to directly predict academic performance (p<0.01). Promotional lifestyles can also play a mediating role between attachment styles and self-differentiation with academic performance (p<0.01). Conclusion: Regarding the relationship between attachment styles, self-differentiation and health-promoting lifestyle with academic performance, special attention to these variables is necessary to improve student performance.

Structural equation model of relationships between personality organization and emotional breakdown based on the mediating role of defense mechanisms

Background: One of the most common and profound experiences is due to the breakdown of emotional relationships. Losing the subject of love at a young age is one of the biggest blows that can happen to people.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the fitness of the structural equation model of relationships between personality organization and emotional breakdown based on the mediating role of defense mechanisms. Methods: The present study was descriptive and correlational research was a structural equation model. The statistical population of this study included all adolescent girls with an emotional breakdown in the academic year of 2019-20 in Nurabad. The sample consisted of 250 people who were selected using the purposeful sampling method. Data were collected using the love trauma syndrome questionnaire (Ross, 1999), personality organization questionnaire (Kernberg, 2002), and defense mechanisms questionnaire (Andrews et al., 1993). Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient, structural equation model, and SPSS.22 and AMOS.22 software. The significance level in this study was 0.05. Results: The results showed that personality organization had an indirect effect on the emotional breakdown, so the indirect relationship between the research variables with 95% confidence was confirmed (p <0.05).Conclusion: It can be concluded that personality organization has a mediating role in the relationship between defense mechanisms and emotional breakdown.

A structural relationship model of gender-role orientation and entrepreneurial intention: examining the mediating effect of motivational antecedents in Northeast India

PurposeThe paper presents a structural model to explain the relationship between various gender-role orientations (GROs) and motivational antecedents leading to entrepreneurial intention (EI). It examines the influence of GRO in the formation of EI among educated youths of Northeast India.Design/methodology/approachUsing a structural equation modelling approach, the hypothesized model is tested on a sample of 642 post-graduate students from four different universities in Northeast India, a developing region with unique socio-cultural diversity. The mediating role of EI antecedents on the relationship between GRO and EI was examined after establishing the reliability and validity of the measurement model.FindingsResults from the analysis support the hypothesized structural relationship confirming the influence of GRO on EI. The study also finds that androgynous individuals have a higher EI than their masculine or feminine counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contributes to the understanding of EI determinants from a GRO perspective, especially in the industrially backward region of an emerging economy. It adds to the existing literature by empirically proving the role of gender orientation. The results have several policy implications for educational institutions and policymakers in emerging economies.Originality/valueThe paper re-examines the predictive value of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model from a GRO perspective and compares indirect effects of gender identity through motivational antecedents on EI. Whilst TPB predicted EI in Western and developed countries, using a more diverse sample provides strong empirical evidence in the context of a developing region.

The Direct and Indirect Effects of Implicit Beliefs of Intelligence on Academic Achievement in English among High School Students: Goal Orientation as a Mediator

Introduction. High academic achievement in English is a valued key for high school students in Sudan to guide them toward a better life, career, and social opportunities. At the same time, many of the Sudanese students have linguistic, cultural, and rhetorical problems in the English language, and many of them face challenges in expressing themselves in English. Thus, the core purpose of this study is to explore what may help them in this matter; this includes examining the direct effects of the entity and incremental beliefs of intelligence on academic achievement in English and testing the indirect effects through goal orientation. Method. A quantitative research method was used by applying scales of implicit beliefs of intelligence (Dweck, 2000) and goal orientation (Elliot &amp; Church, 1997). The data were collected using a cluster sampling technique from 392 respondents, mainly high school students in Sudan. A structural equation model (SEM-AMOS) of relations among constructs was employed to examine the relationships among the construct variables. Results. The findings of the structural equation modelling indicated that there was no direct effect of entity belief of intelligence and that there was a direct effect of incremental belief of intelligence on academic achievement in English. Regarding the mediation role of the goal orientation in the relationship between entity belief of intelligence and academic achievement in English, there was no mediation role play. Nevertheless, the goal orientation partially mediated the relationship between the incremental belief of intelligence and academic achievement in English among Sudanese high school students. Discussion and Conclusion. Academic achievement in English is influenced by students' motivations, beliefs of intelligence, and goal orientations. Accordingly, the English language of Sudanese high school students requires more attention and consideration for the incremental belief of intelligence, goal orientation, and other significant variables in order to support those students in Sudanese high schools to overcome their weaknesses in English and improve themselves so that they can achieve high scores academically in English.

초등교사의 임파워먼트, 코칭리더십 및 행복플로리시 간의 구조적 관계

This study analyzed the structural relationship among elementary school teacher’s Empowerment, Coaching Leadership, and Flourishment, and investigated the direct effect of Empowerment on Flourishment and the indirect effect mediating Coaching Leadership. This study distributed a questionnaire to measure elementary school teacher’s Empowerment, Coaching Leadership, and Flourishment to 250 elementary school teachers with more than one year of experience working in Seoul, and Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang Provinces. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0. The results of this study are as follows. First, through the analysis of the covariance structure, the final structural relationship model among Empowerment, Coaching Leadership, and Flourishment was found to be suitable for all goodness-of-fit indices. Empowerment has a significant positive effect on Coaching Leadership and Flourishment. Coaching Leadership also has a significant positive effect on Flourishment. Second, Empowerment has a direct effect on Flourishment and an indirect effect through Coaching Leadership. From these research results, Coaching Leadership is a mediator having an indirect effect on the influence of Empowerment on Flourishment.

Personal Knowledge Management to Enhance the Effectiveness of Teacher Learning Management in Lao PDR

This study was intended to search the vital factors and indicators of personal knowledge management and the effectiveness of teacher learning management for primary school teachers in Lao PDR. A survey research design was employed to 600 teachers with the purpose of testing the goodness-of-fit of the identified vital factors and indicators with the empirical data. The results revealed that an entire of 30 indicators were recognized from 10 vital factors. The structural relationship model of personal knowledge management to enhance the effectiveness of teacher learning management indicators was found to be in parallel to the empirical data, with χ2 =382.319, df=342, χ 2/df=1.117, CFI=0.997, TLI=0.996, RMSEA=0.030, and SRMR=0.030. The results contribute significantly to knowledge with orientation to recommending a measurement model which can be referred by primary school teachers in Lao PDR in particular on how to utilize personal knowledge management skills to enhance their learning management capabilities.

The effect of Chinese EFL students’ learning motivation on learning outcomes within a blended learning environment

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ learning motivation and learning outcomes in a blended learning environment. A questionnaire was administered to 960 EFL students, and 10 of them participated in an interview. Following a series of analyses on the data collected through the questionnaire, consisting of exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, and correlation analysis, a structural relationship model that integrated learning motivation and learning outcomes was developed and tested. The results reveal that both intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation have a positive relationship with learning outcomes within a blended learning environment, both of which are conducive to improving students’ English linguistic competence and facilitating their psychological development of English learning. Moreover, intrinsic motivation is more important than extrinsic motivation. In intrinsic motivation, intrinsic interest in English and the intrinsic goal of understanding English culture are the two most important motives. Based on these results, implications and recommendations for future research are provided.&#x0D; &#x0D; Implications for practice or policy:&#x0D; &#x0D; Foreign language educators should consider the stimulation of students' learning motivation as the main task in blended courses.&#x0D; Foreign language educators should pay more attention to the development of students’ intrinsic motivation than extrinsic motivation to produce more favourable learning outcomes in blended courses.&#x0D; Foreign language educators should focus on developing students’ intrinsic interest in foreign language and culture in terms of the cultivation of students’ intrinsic motivation in blended courses.&#x0D;

The Role of Motor Imagery in Predicting Motor Skills in Young Male Soccer Players.

The study aimed to find out whether the imagery ability within the two subcomponents of motor imagery (visual and kinesthetic) allows predicting the results in simple response time task and eye–hand coordination task in a group of young male soccer players (9–15 years old). Non-specific simple response time and eye–hand coordination play a key role in predicting specific sports performance level. Participants performed Reaction Time Task, Eye–Hand Coordination Task, and completed Motor Imagery Questionnaire–Revised. Data were submitted to the structural equations analysis based on the maximum likelihood method in order to estimate a structural model of relationship between variables. Results indicate visual rather than kinesthetic motor imagery is associated with non-specific motor skills. Higher scores on the visual motor imagery scale were observed to correlate with faster reaction times and better coordination in the study group. This supports the idea that during learning a new perceptual-motor-task the visual control is required. Results provide the evidence for the specific role of the third-person perspective imagery in young athletes playing soccer.

The Structural Relationship Model of Indicators of Outstanding Leadership for Teachers under the Local Administrative Organizations

&lt;p style="text-align:justify"&gt;The objectives of this research were to: 1) Study the suitability of the indicators to be included in the model, 2) Test the consistency of the model developed from the theories and research studies’ empirical data, 3) Evaluate reliability value of the main components, the sub-components and other related indicators. The population used in the research were the teachers in the schools under the local administrative organization of Thailand. The multistage random sampling was used for the selection of 660 samples from a total population of 30,359 teachers across the country. The following results were observed: 1) All of the 52 indicators used in the research were appropriate according to the specified criteria, 2) The theoretical model was found to have been consistent with the empirical data. All of the statistical figures including; Relative Chi-Square, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation, Goodness-of-Fit Index, Adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index, Comparative Fit Index, and Normed Fit Index: NFI, were found to have met with the specified criteria in both the first and the second confirmation factor analyzes, and 3) The primary element’s factor loading was between 0.73 to 1.48, which is higher than the criteria of 0.70, the sub-element’s factor loading was between 0.67 to 1.72 and the indicators weight was between 0.68 to 1.37, which is higher than the criteria of 0.30. These results indicate that the theoretical model developed in this research can be effectively used with construct validity for the development of the targeted samples in a research study.&lt;/p&gt;

Structural relationship model of type D personality and depression with the mediating role of cognitive distortions and family functioning in irritable bowel syndrome patients and healthy people: A multi-group analysis

Structural relationship model of type D personality and depression with the mediating role of cognitive distortions and family functioning in irritable bowel syndrome patients and healthy people: A multi-group analysis