Structural-functional Model Research Articles

A structural heart-brain axis mediates the association between cardiovascular risk and cognitive function

Abstract Elevated vascular disease risk associates with poorer cognitive function, but the mechanism for this link is poorly understood. A leading theory, the structural-functional model argues that vascular risk may drive adverse cardiac remodelling, which, in turn, leads to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and subsequent brain structural damage. This model predicts that variation in heart and brain structure should associate with both greater vascular risk and lower cognitive function. This study tests that prediction in a large sample of the UK Biobank (N = 11,962). We assemble and summarise vascular risk factors, cardiac magnetic resonance radiomics, brain structural and diffusion MRI indices, and cognitive assessment. We also extract “heart-brain axes” capturing the covariation in heart and brain structure. Many heart and brain measures partially explain the vascular risk—cognitive function association, like left ventricular end-diastolic volume and grey matter volume. Notably, a heart-brain axis, capturing correlation between lower myocardial intensity, lower grey matter volume, and poorer thalamic white matter integrity, completely mediates the association, supporting the structural-functional model. Our findings also complicate this theory by finding that brain structural variation cannot completely explain the heart structure—cognitive function association. Our results broadly offer evidence for the structural functional hypothesis, identify imaging biomarkers for this association by considering covariation in heart and brain structure, and generate novel hypotheses about how cardiovascular risk may link to cognitive function.

Research of Using the System Approach to Increase Professional Competence of Students in the Process of Studying Natural Sciences

The study deals with the formation of professional competence of future agricultural engineers in higher education institutions. Based on the analysis of modern concepts, we rethink the essence, purpose, and content of the training of future mechanical engineers from the perspective of the implementation of the competency approach. The purpose of the article is to study the formation of sustainable professional competence of future agricultural engineers in the process of studying natural sciences. We use theoretical research methods: study and analysis of psychological-pedagogical, normative and special literature on the research problem; analysis of state educational standards, programs, books and methodical materials. We have developed a structural-functional model of formation of professional competence of mechanical engineers, which will allow to ensure effective formation of professional competence of future specialists in the agricultural and technical field. The study emphasizes the importance of implementing the principle of professionally oriented training of future engineers in the process of forming their professional competence. It also proves the effectiveness of the formation of professional competences of future engineers with the aim of training highly qualified specialists in the agrarian and technical field.

Signature functional control of digital automatic device register operations

The development of digital operating automatic devices models of the systems with the property of high functional controllability of hardware and software tools for the performance of computational functions (operations) on a real scale becomes a priority task in the context of ensuring high efficiency and reliability of monitoring the functioning of digital metrological telemetric measurement and control systems of critical infrastructure problem growing relevance. In the article, based on a critical analysis of known methods for digital systems functional control, a method of ensuring the operational controllability of digital automatic devices is proposed based on the concept implementation of predicting (forecasting) control signatures of tuples and their state. Relevant concepts are introduced, and a structural-functional model of functional control for digital automatic device with «hard» logic based on the method of signature prediction is proposed. In the context of the practical implementation of the proposed method of predicting signatures on each operating cycle of the digital automatic device, a system of control signature equations formulas (signature functional control rules) is given for the basic types of digital automatic device register operations with «hard» logic. This makes it possible to implement a new functional control principle (signature functional control by the method of signature prediction) of digital automatic devices by introducing a unified hardware redundancy (synthesized hardware node of a signature functional control) from functionally complete elementary combinational structures from a finite set (standard set). In this regard, the relevance of functional control by the method of predicting signatures for generators of pseudorandom sequences of the maximum length in the digital automatic device of cryptographic encryption by jamming measurement information during its transmission in telecommunication channels of management systems of critical infrastructure objects in the conditions of possible cyberattacks is reasonably grounded. The scientific novelty of the obtained theoretical results is the authors' proof of the need to develop further the methodology of functional control of a general-purpose digital automatic device and, in particular, of telemetric measurement and control systems of critical infrastructure based on the use of the author's mathematical apparatus of synthesis «signature Boolean-polynomial algebra».

Psychodiagnostic Determinants (Criteria) of the Determined Level of Formation of Health and Safety Competence of Future Speakers of Foreign Language

The current school gives priority to a competent approach, which plays an important role in the conceptual changes that are taking place in the field of lighting. The current highly qualified fakhivets, who have mastered the educational program, are guilty of a mother of low competencies, which is typical for other types of activities. Among them is the health-care competence of the teacher, as an integrative professional-special skill that ensures the protection of life and health, the formation of a culture of healthy and safe way of life for subjects of the educational process. In the minds of European integration of the modern world, the contribution of foreign language, which is oriented not only towards the development of communicative and linguistic competencies of workers, but also and on the implementation of health-care activities in the current world environment. In statistics, there is a need for a structural-functional model of health-care competence of the future input of foreign language. This model is presented as a central system, which includes a number of mutually deterministic components: value-motivational, cognitive, epistemological, active, communicative and reflective. A description of the model components and their characteristics is provided. A similar structural-functional model is used as the basis for developing diagnostic criteria for analyzing the level of formation of health and safety competence of a future reader of a foreign language. With the help of a fragmented system of criterion-visual tools, it is possible to evaluate the level of formation of both other components of the health-careful competence of the next generation, and also evaluate the level of the preparation.

Structural Functional Model of the Development of Research Competence of the Ukrainian Language and Literature Teacher at Lyceum

Structural Functional Model of the Development of Research Competence of the Ukrainian Language and Literature Teacher at Lyceum

Sticky Hard-Sphere Model for Characterizing Tumor Microstructure via Quantitative Ultrasound.

The use of the structure function (SF) to model interscatterer contribution to ultrasonic scattering is a major step to improve the capability and accuracy of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and tissue characterization. However, existing QUS-based SF models rely on the hard-sphere (HS) model, which is limited in its applicability for complex scatterer distributions in real tissue. This article introduces the sticky HS (SHS) model for QUS and tissue characterization, which considers a very short-range attractive potential that accounts for the adhesive nature of biological cells and yields a new parameter called stickiness. Herein, the analytical SF expression is presented for monodisperse scatterer size and validated using simulations of scatterer distributions with varying degrees of grouping and volume fractions (0.16, 0.32, and 0.40) over the frequency range from 15 to 110 MHz. The SHS model is applied to three mammary tumor types with differing spatial distributions of tumor cells. The histology-derived SF is computed by considering the nuclei as the main sources of scattering. The results show that the SHS model provides more accurate scatterer radius and volume fraction estimates than the HS model when fit to histology-derived SF versus frequency curves. Furthermore, the new stickiness parameter provided by SHS is sensitive to the grouping structure in tumor cell distribution. This stickiness parameter, combined with the radius and volume fraction estimated from the SHS model, enables better differentiation between different tumor types than using the radius and volume fraction obtained from the HS model. This study demonstrates the potential of the SHS model to improve the QUS tissue characterization.

СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ МАШИНОБУДУВАННЯ

The article analyzes modern scientific approaches to ensuring the economic security of machine-building enterprises based on the marketing concept of mutual relations. It is established that the appropriate marketing policy in industrial markets is focused on the study of the interaction of companies with business consumers, competitors and other interested parties. It was emphasized that due to the balancing of interests between consumers and producers of products, the appropriate level of economic security of enterprises in the machine-building market is achieved, which allows business entities to form stable relations on a mutually beneficial basis and plan their activities in the long term. It is emphasized that in the context of ensuring the economic security of machine-building enterprises, the marketing policy of mutual relations allows reducing the marketing risks of economic security at the expense of the company achieving competitive advantages by establishing, maintaining and developing long-term relationships with partners in the process of improving production, promotion and sales of products in order to create the value that wants to get a buyer. A conceptual model of the marketing policy of the relationship between the supplier and the consumer in the context of ensuring the economic safety of mechanical engineering has been formed. It is proposed to include elements of the marketing complex in the marketing policy of relations: management of product quality, price / costs, distribution, promotion and quality of service. It has been proven that this approach contributes to the balancing of interests between sellers and buyers of engineering products in the process of ensuring economic security. The complex of works related to the planning and implementation of the marketing policy of mutual relations is proposed to be solved with the help of a process approach based on structural-functional modeling tools, which allows you to streamline the course of action and quickly adjust all aspects of the marketing policy within the framework of a long-term business partnership.

Оperationalization of the structural-functional model of professionally important personality qualities of managers

У статті розкрито особливості операціоналізації структурно-функціональної моделі професійно важливих якостей особистості управлінців із визначенням й систематизацією її структурних складових: мотиваційно-ціннісної (прогресивний тип мотиваційного профілю, мотивація досягнення успіху, мотиви самопізнання, саморозвитку, професійні цінності, узгодженість процесів цілепокладання та цілездійснення); когнітивно-емоційної (когнітивна складність, диференціація життєвого простору, ідентифікація та самопрезентація, емоційна зрілість, стенічний тип емоційного профілю); комунікативно-адаптивної (перцептивно-інтерактивна компетентність, комунікативний самоконтроль, комунікативні та організаторські схильності, особистісна зрілість, соціальна адаптивність); конативно-рефлексивної (аутопсихологічна компетентність, соціальна активність, рефлексивність, інтернальна локалізація контролю, конструктивність поведінки), від рівня розвитку яких залежить ступінь сформованості професійно важливих якостей управлінців. Виявлено статистично значущий звʼязок між показниками рівня розвитку окремих складових та організаційно-професійними (стаж; посада) і демографічними характеристиками (вік; стать) управлінців. Виокремлено соціально-психологічні чинники, що впливають на розвиток професійно важливих якостей особистості управлінців: на макрорівні (зміст професійної діяльності, галузь управління в цілому) та мікрорівні (особистість, діяльність та поведінка самих управлінців). Констатовано, що серед виділених чинників провідну роль відіграють чинники мікрорівня (сформованість мотиваційної, ціннісної, когнітивної та афективної сфер; наявність індивідуально-психологічних ресурсів у виробленні життєстійкості; високий рівень соціально-психологічної

СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСОВИМИ РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article examines the model of the financial results management process of Alfatech Optima LLC. The financial results reflect a multifaceted system of economic relations at the current stage of the development of society, which affects the competitiveness of the company's products. It is accepted that today the problems of managing financial results consist in finding ways to increase revenue, optimize costs, and generate profit (loss). One of the main tasks of managing the financial activities of enterprises is to ensure the financial stability and competitiveness of the business entity in the longterm and short-term perspectives. Profit plays an important role in solving these problems. It is the positive financial result of the enterprise that acts as the main protective component against the threat of bankruptcy, is the main criterion for evaluating the efficiency of activity and, of course, the main goal of entrepreneurial activity. It is impossible to achieve this without reasoned management decision-making in the day-to-day work of managing the financial results of the enterprise. Therefore, ensuring the effectiveness of financial management at the enterprise involves the formation and implementation of a model for managing financial results. Management of financial results is a set of measures, principles and methods of formation and implementation of management decisions regarding the formation, distribution and use of the company's profit. It has been proven that the application of the structural-functional model of financial results management will allow the enterprise to more effectively use its available resources, plan its activities in advance and effectively manage profits. The tools for maximizing indicators of financial results from economic and financial activities and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the enterprise's activities in general have been determined. As tools, factor and taxonomic analyzes of optimizing the management of financial results of the enterprise are proposed.

Професійне вигорання працівників органів та підрозділів Державної служби України з надзвичайних ситуацій

Every day, employees of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine perform complex tasks of eliminating the consequences of rocket attacks, clearing debris, rescuing Ukrainian citizens, and ensuring the protection of the population and territories from emergencies. An important scientific and psychological area is the research of the peculiarities of professional burnout of employees of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine in order to develop vectors of psychological correction and psycho-correction in case of its occurrence.The scientific article presents a structural and functional model of the socio-psychological features of professional burnout of employees of the organs and units of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine.The supporting structures for the design of the structural and functional model were: Rybalka-Shevtsov's four-dimensional personality structure and the structural and functional model of psychological mechanisms of social adaptation of young people with musculoskeletal disabilities by I. Chukhriy and A. Shevtsov.Professional burnout is presented in the structural-functional model in the context of considering socio-psychological adaptation (socio-psychological adaptation, resilience, self-efficacy) and socio-psychological maladjustment (socio-psychological maladjustment, professional burnout).External factors that influence the formation of professional burnout among employees of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine include education (availability of secondary specialized, higher, secondary general education); specialized training (peculiarities of training of employees of organs and units of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine); work experience; marital status; and extreme working conditions.Individual psychological factors are grouped as follows: emotional-affective (emotional comfort/emotional discomfort, situational anxiety, personal anxiety, depression, aggressiveness, hostility); communicative (leadership, sociability, reflectivity); cognitive (cognitive processes, reflectivity); behavioral (dominance, escapism, prominence, dependence/independence, sociability/unsociability); motivational and volitional (internal control/external control, prominence, acceptance of struggle/rejection of struggle).The personality structure itself is presented as follows: age, genetic dimension, individual psychological dimension, and activity dimension.It is important to note that the proposed structural-functional model demonstrates the interconnection of all its structural components, and its ascending core is the structure of the specialist's personality, which is formed in the age, genetic, individual psychological and activity dimensions. Through the individual psychological dimension, we have the opportunity to explore the individual psychological factors that influence the emergence of professional burnout as a component of the process of socio-psychological maladjustment, or the formation of socio-psychological adaptability, resilience and self-efficacy as components of socio-psychological adaptation. The external (social) factors that demonstrate the social conditions for the emergence of professional burnout or can act as factors that prevent its emergence (family, career growth opportunities, etc.) are of great importance in the proposed model.

Involving Youth in the Development of Civil Society in Ukraine by Applying Mechanisms of Information Communication and Control in Times of War

The author of the study developed a structural-functional model of the development of civil society in Ukraine, taking into account the directions of active participation of young people in the modern political process and public life. This structural-functional model provides for establishing complex relations between youth as an active part of Ukrainian society and state and local self-government bodies in order to ensure an effective state-building process, stimulate volunteerism and participation of civil society organizations in socio-economic development and ensure the national security of Ukraine in conditions of European integration and the Russian-Ukrainian war. The elements of the proposed system - the structural-functional model, are information communication, political, legal, organizational control mechanisms as well as mechanism of managing the development of education and science. The author concludes that the activation of civil society in Ukraine and the strengthening of its role and importance in social and political life in 2014-2015, as well as in 2022 after the full-scale invasion of Russia in Ukraine is a decisive positive factor in improving the information communication, and control mechanisms of civil society development.

Measuring the Canopy Architecture of Young Vegetation Using the Fastrak Polhemus 3D Digitizer.

In the context of climate change conditions, addressing the shifting composition of forest stands and changes in traditional forest management practices are necessary. For this purpose, understanding the biomass allocation directly influenced by crown architecture is crucial. In this paper, we want to demonstrate the possibility of 3D mensuration of canopy architecture with the digitizer sensor Fastrak Polhemus and demonstrate its capability for assessing important structural information for forest purposes. Scots pine trees were chosen for this purpose, as it is the most widespread tree species in Europe, which, paradoxically, is very negatively affected by climate change. In our study, we examined young trees since the architecture of young trees influences their growth potential. In order to get the most accurate measurement of tree architecture, we evaluated the use of the Fastrak Polhemus magnetic digitizer to create a 3D model of individual trees and perform a subsequent statistical analysis of the data obtained. It was found that the stand density affects the number of branches in different orders and the heights of the trees in the process of natural regeneration. Regarding the branches, in our case, the highest number of branch orders was found in the clear-cut areas (density = 0.0), whereas the lowest branching was on-site with mature stands (density = 0.8). The results showed that the intensity of branching (assessed as the number of third-order branches) depends on the total number of branches of the tree of different branch orders but also on stand density where the tree is growing. An important finding in this study was the negative correlation between the tree branching and the tree height. The growth in height is lower when the branching expansion is higher. Similar data could be obtained with Lidar sensors. However, the occlusion due to the complexity of the tree crown would impede the information from being complete when using the magnetic digitizer. These results provide vital information for the creation of structural-functional models, which can be used to predict and estimate future tree growth and carbon fixation.

The mechanism for forming the competitiveness of business structures in the agribusiness sphere

The article examines the theoretical-methodological and scientific-practical aspects of the process of forming the competitiveness of agribusiness enterprises. Taking into account the results of the analysis of the historical transformation of scientific thought in the field of competition and competitiveness, the stages of development of the theory of competitiveness of enterprises are highlighted. The structural-functional model of the formation of the competitiveness of an agribusiness enterprise is considered, which formalizes the process of transformation of the components of its existing resource potential and their combination under the influence of the institutional environment of competition. The classification of competitiveness factors is analyzed, which takes into account the regularities of the process of its formation and is based on such classification features as the nature of participation of factors in creating competitive advantages and the scope of their occurrence. The concept of competitiveness management, covering its principles, functions and mechanism, is substantiated. The competitiveness management mechanism includes methods, tools, levers and incentives 3 of purposeful influence on the economic activity of the enterprise in order to create sustainable competitive advantages. The scientific and methodological provisions of the study of the process of forming the competitiveness of agribusiness enterprises, which take into account the peculiarities of the functioning of the agribusiness entity, as well as the degree and nature of the influence of external and internal factors of competitiveness, have been studied. The process of studying the competitiveness of an enterprise includes such methodical procedures as comprehensive diagnostics of competitiveness and analysis of external conditions. It is proved that the choice of the methodology for assessing the level of competitiveness should be based on the features of the information support of agribusiness enterprises. When accessing competitor data, it is recommended to use multivariate methods, including principal component and taxonomic analysis methods, to assess competitiveness. Otherwise, it is advisable to use integral and expert evaluation methods.

The human brain connectome weighted by the myelin content and total intra-axonal cross-sectional area of white matter tracts.

A central goal in neuroscience is the development of a comprehensive mapping between structural and functional brain features, which facilitates mechanistic interpretation of brain function. However, the interpretability of structure-function brain models remains limited by a lack of biological detail. Here, we characterize human structural brain networks weighted by multiple white matter microstructural features including total intra-axonal cross-sectional area and myelin content. We report edge-weight-dependent spatial distributions, variance, small-worldness, rich club, hubs, as well as relationships with function, edge length, and myelin. Contrasting networks weighted by the total intra-axonal cross-sectional area and myelin content of white matter tracts, we find opposite relationships with functional connectivity, an edge-length-independent inverse relationship with each other, and the lack of a canonical rich club in myelin-weighted networks. When controlling for edge length, networks weighted by either fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity, or neurite density show no relationship with whole-brain functional connectivity. We conclude that the co-utilization of structural networks weighted by total intra-axonal cross-sectional area and myelin content could improve our understanding of the mechanisms mediating the structure-function brain relationship.

AESTHETIC COMPETENCE OF APPLICANTS FOR HIGHER PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION: STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MODEL

The purpose of the article is to consider the pedagogical model of forming the aesthetic competence of future teachers by means of choreographic art, which combines structural analysis and functional modeling.
 The pedagogical modeling of aesthetic competence of higher pedagogical education students by means of choreography is considered as structuring the educational process for analyzing and managing it in order to solve current problems with a systematic approach.
 The proposed pedagogical model is a tool and conceptual framework that facilitates the understanding and explanation of the processes that occur during the formation of future teachers' aesthetic competence and reflects the effectiveness of the impact on their professional level.
 The purpose of the pedagogical model of forming the aesthetic competence of future teachers by means of choreographic art is to prepare the teacher for effective influence on the personal development of students.
 The result of the proposed model implementation is the achievement of a high level of development of the dynamic personal capacity of future teachers as carriers and creators of culture.
 The model includes the following blocks: goal setting, basic, organizational, implementation, and reflective.
 The structure of the pedagogical model reflects the interrelationships between the following elements: the purpose and result of the educational process; methodological approaches; pedagogical principles; stages, forms, methods, and techniques of teaching. The reflexive block of the model includes structural components, criteria for assessing levels of development, and diagnostic tools for analyzing the results of the formation of aesthetic competence of future teachers by means of choreographic art.
 The presented structural-functional model reflects the organization of aesthetic training of future teachers as a system in which the systemic factor is the interconnection and interdependence between the goal and the result of the pedagogical process.

Molecular dynamics simulations suggest novel allosteric modes in the Hsp70 chaperone protein

The Hsp70 chaperone protein system is an essential component of the protein folding and homeostasis machinery in E.Coli. Hsp70 is a three domain, 70 kDa protein which functions as an allosteric system cycling between an ADP-bound state where the three domains are loosely coupled via a flexible interdomain linker and an ATP-bound state where they are tightly coupled into a single entity. The structure-function model of this protein proposes an allosteric connection between the 45 kDa Nucleotide Binding Domain (NBD) and the 25 kDa Substrate Binding Domain (SBD) and Lid Domain which operates through the inter NBD-SBD linker. X-Ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy have provided structures of the end states of the functional cycle of this protein, bound to ADP and ATP. We have used MD simulations to study the transitions between these end states and allosteric communication in this system. Our results largely validate the experimentally derived allosteric model of function, but shed additional light on the flow of allosteric information in the SBD + Lid. Specifically, we find that the Lid domain has a double-hinged structure with the potential for greater conformational flexibility than was hitherto expected.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Connectome-wide structure-function coupling models implicate polysynaptic alterations in autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental diagnoses. Although incompletely understood, structural and functional network alterations are increasingly recognized to be at the core of the condition. We utilized multimodal imaging and connectivity modeling to study structure-function coupling in ASD and probed mono- and polysynaptic mechanisms on structurally-governed network function. We examined multimodal magnetic resonance imaging data in 80 ASD and 61 neurotypical controls from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) II initiative. We predicted intrinsic functional connectivity from structural connectivity data in each participant using a Riemannian optimization procedure that varies the times that simulated signals can unfold along tractography-derived personalized connectomes. In both ASD and neurotypical controls, we observed improved structure-function prediction at longer diffusion time scales, indicating better modeling of brain function when polysynaptic mechanisms are accounted for. Prediction accuracy differences (∆prediction accuracy) were marked in transmodal association systems, such as the default mode network, in both neurotypical controls and ASD. Differences were, however, lower in ASD in a polysynaptic regime at higher simulated diffusion times. We compared regional differences in ∆prediction accuracy between both groups to assess the impact of polysynaptic communication on structure-function coupling. This analysis revealed that between-group differences in ∆prediction accuracy followed a sensory-to-transmodal cortical hierarchy, with an increased gap between controls and ASD in transmodal compared to sensory/motor systems. Multivariate associative techniques revealed that structure-function differences reflected inter-individual differences in autistic symptoms and verbal as well as non-verbal intelligence. Our network modeling approach sheds light on atypical structure-function coupling in autism, and suggests that polysynaptic network mechanisms are implicated in the condition and that these can help explain its wide range of associated symptoms.

Estimating Profiles of Dissipation Rate in the Upper Ocean Using Acoustic Doppler Measurements Made from Surface-Following Platforms

Abstract High-resolution profiles of vertical velocity obtained from two different surface-following autonomous platforms, Surface Wave Instrument Floats with Tracking (SWIFTs) and a Liquid Robotics SV3 Wave Glider, are used to compute dissipation rate profiles ϵ(z) between 0.5 and 5 m depth via the structure function method. The main contribution of this work is to update previous SWIFT methods to account for bias due to surface gravity waves, which are ubiquitous in the near-surface region. We present a technique where the data are prefiltered by removing profiles of wave orbital velocities obtained via empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the data prior to computing the structure function. Our analysis builds on previous work to remove wave bias in which analytic modifications are made to the structure function model. However, we find the analytic approach less able to resolve the strong vertical gradients in ϵ(z) near the surface. The strength of the EOF filtering technique is that it does not require any assumptions about the structure of nonturbulent shear, and does not add any additional degrees of freedom in the least squares fit to the model of the structure function. In comparison to the analytic method, ϵ(z) estimates obtained via empirical filtering have substantially reduced noise and a clearer dependence on near-surface wind speed.

МЕТОДИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ АНАЛІЗУ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ МЕХАНІЗМУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЮ БЕЗПЕКОЮ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

Actualization of the need to monitor the effectiveness of the financial and economic security system is primarily a consequence of the objective analysis of the effectiveness of the relevant mechanism. The purpose of the article is to determine the methodological principles of the analysis of the effectiveness of the mechanism of managing the financial and economic security of the enterprise in conditions of instability of the internal and external environments. The subject of the study is the mechanism of managing the financial and economic security of the enterprise. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, comparison, grouping and analogies, deduction, economic and mathematical modeling. The hypothesis of the study is that the effectiveness of the financial and economic security management mechanism of the enterprise in conditions of dynamic external environment depends on the objective information support for management decision-making thanks to the operational monitoring of the identification of the main objects of protection against potential threats. Presenting main material. The article examines the financial and economic security of the enterprise as one of the most important components of economic security. The features of managing financial and economic security in the conditions of the financial crisis and related internal and external threats to the enterprise are revealed. The system of financial and economic security of the enterprise is presented as one that reflects the level of the company's financial situation, is characterized by resistance to the influence of threats from the internal and external environments, and is aimed at the effective use of the enterprise's resources. That is why it is important for the management of financial and economic security to have a deep understanding of threats, which are systematized as threats from the external and internal environments. A structural and functional model of the development of the management mechanism of the financial and economic security of the enterprise is proposed. The algorithm for controlling the financial and economic security of the enterprise has been improved, which is primarily focused on monitoring the implementation of the financial and economic security management program aimed at neutralizing threats to financial and economic security from internal and external environments. Based on the generalization of domestic and international experience, the main tasks of state administration bodies to ensure effective management of the financial and economic security of the enterprise, taking into account modern challenges, are structured. In total, the structured methodological principles of the analysis of the effectiveness of the financial and economic security management mechanism of the enterprise create an information basis for making management decisions based on the identification of the main objects of protection and potential threats. Originality and practical significance of the research. The practical value of the research lies in the fact that the obtained results in the form of a structural-functional model for the development of the mechanism for managing the financial and economic security of the enterprise and the algorithm for controlling the financial and economic security of the enterprise are suitable for practical application by enterprises in conditions of dynamic changes. At the same time, the complex result of the development of methodological principles for the analysis of the effectiveness of the mechanism of managing the financial and economic security of the enterprise was tested on the example of the case of the enterprise in the medical field using correlation-regression analysis. In further investigations, the developed methodological developments can be used to develop a system of adaptive management of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. Сonclusions and prospects for further research. Management of financial and economic security is an integral part of the successful functioning of the enterprise in modern dynamic conditions. Currently, this is the main element of enterprise management, which allows to comprehensively influence the financial condition, providing the ability to effectively use financial resources, competently manage threats, to achieve effective development and implementation of the enterprise's strategy in the present and future. Correlation-regression analysis allows you to determine which financial indicators are the most influential on the level of financial and economic security of the enterprise.

Research on the Current Control Strategy of a Brushless DC Motor Utilizing Infinite Mixed Sensitivity Norm

During the brushless DC (BLDC) motor working process, the system encounters inevitable uncertainties. These ambiguities stem from potential fluctuations, random occurrences, measurement inaccuracies, varying operational conditions, environmental shifts such as temperature alterations, among other factors. Uncertainties, an inherent aspect of any real control system, can be broadly classified into two categories: sensor signal uncertainties and discrepancies between the mathematical and actual models due to parameter perturbations. To mitigate the impact of sensor noise and parameter perturbations on the BLDC motor, a robust control strategy utilizing infinite norm mixed sensitivity based on PI control strategy (PI-H∞-MIX) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the closed-loop control structure and transfer function model of the BLDC motor control system current loop are analyzed based on the current loop circuit topology, and then, the model parameters perturbation is analyzed, and the multiplicative uncertainty bound is given. In addition, the appropriate weighting function is selected to ensure the robustness of the system. In this case, the controller design problem is transformed into the H∞ standard control problem, and then, the system augmentation matrix is established, and the controller is solved by Matlab/Simulink. Finally, the performances of the traditional PI control strategy and the PI-H∞-MIX are compared and analyzed. The results show that (1) the proposed PI-H∞-MIX strategy can improve the control system robustness under the parameter perturbation condition effectively, and (2) the proposed PI-H∞-MIX strategy can suppress the noise signal of the sensor.