Stronger Intentions Research Articles

Grammar Express Unleashed: A Microlearning Hub Approach to Least Learned English 7 Competencies

The study employed a mixed-method developmental approach to design a learning hub imbued with microlearning to address the least learned competencies in English 7. The least learned competencies were identified by considering existing test results in the locale of the researcher, which were supported by the findings of existing studies in the literature through a systematic review. The researcher assumed the roles of content creator and curator and identified relevant microlearning materials available for access. Experts validated the quality of the identified learning content through an adopted questionnaire. Afterwards, the researcher designed the Grammar Express. ICT experts were asked to validate the platform using an adapted rubric to determine whether it is suitable as a learning website. An adapted questionnaire was used to measure the level of acceptance of Grammar Express by language teachers. Meanwhile, an adapted questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of usability of the platform as perceived by the students. Based on the findings, the respondents believe that Grammar Express is useful since it offers tangible benefits and can enhance instruction. Similarly, in terms of perceived ease of use, Grammar Express requires less effort to learn and utilize. In addition, there is a strong positive attitude to incorporate Grammar Express in language teaching. Furthermore, there is a strong intention to use Grammar Express, which indicates a high level of acceptance and enthusiasm for the platform. In terms of usability, there is a strong inclination toward frequent use and displayed confidence in navigating the platform independently.

Exploring the Acute Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality Biking on Self-Efficacy and Attention of Individuals in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: A Feasibility Study.

The role of exercise programs during substance use disorder (SUD) treatment is considered particularly supportive in fostering positive psychological and behavioral changes. The treatment of SUD is a challenging and demanding process. Therefore, it is crucial to discover innovative methods to enhance and facilitate it. Integrating exercise into a virtual environment is an innovative approach for drug rehabilitation, offering multiple benefits to individuals undergoing treatment. The aim of this feasibility study was to explore the acute effects of cycling exercise in an immersive virtual reality (VR) environment on attentional control and self-efficacy expectations of individuals undergoing SUD treatment. A total of 20 individuals (mean age of 37.75 years) enrolled in a SUD treatment program participated in the study. They were instructed to complete a single session of cycling with a self-selected duration within the VR system. Following the cycling session, pre-post measures indicated a statistically significant improvement in self-efficacy expectations and attentional control measured with the Stroop test. The results revealed that participants expressed high levels of intention for future use, interest/enjoyment, and positive attitudes toward the VR exercise system. Qualitative data indicated that participants found the VR exercise system enjoyable, expressed a strong intention to use it, and did not encounter technical difficulties or negative emotions. In conclusion, it seems that engaging in a brief period of self-selected exercise within a virtual environment can result in temporary activation of cognitive changes, heightened self-efficacy expectations, and a motivating approach to increasing physical activity participation among individuals with SUD, thus suggesting the feasibility of this approach.

Effects of COVID-19 pandemic areas on green hotel consumption: exploring the congruence effect between location and timing

In the post-pandemic era, tourists are increasingly interested in sustainable consumption, particularly focusing on green hotels. Given the ongoing endemic nature of COVID-19, our research explores the effects of tourists’ residential locations, specifically pandemic-affected areas, on their intention to choose green hotels. Drawing on the Protection Motivation Theory, we discuss how and why residential location influences risk perception, which in turn motivates tourists to contribute to environmental protection by opting for green hotels. Results from five experiments suggest that the influence of pandemic areas on green hotel consumption can fluctuate over time. During the initial outbreak, a positive correlation emerges between tourists’ risk perception and their distance from the pandemic’s epicenter. Those residing in marginal areas show greater threat appraisal and stronger intentions toward choosing green hotels than tourists in central areas. However, this relationship is found to reverse during the mitigation and post-pandemic phases. Furthermore, our research reveals that hotels can significantly sway tourists toward green consumption through the strategic use of hope or fear appeals in advertising. These findings enrich the literature on pandemic-related influences on green consumption and offer practical insights for hotel managers and policymakers seeking to promote sustainable travel more effectively in the post-pandemic era.

A theoretical framework for identifying sociocultural factors that influence nurses' compliance with early warning systems for acute clinical deterioration: A cross-sectional survey

BackgroundSystematic adoption of early warning systems in healthcare settings is dependent on the optimal and reliable application by the user. Psychosocial issues and hospital culture influence clinicians' patient safety behaviours. Objective(i) To examine the sociocultural factors that influence nurses' EWS compliance behaviours, using a theory driven behavioural model and (ii) to propose a conceptual model of sociocultural factors for EWS compliance behaviour. DesignA cross-sectional survey. SettingNurses employed in public hospitals across Queensland, Australia. ParticipantsUsing convenience and snowball sampling techniques eligible nurses accessed a dedicated web site and survey containing closed and open-ended questions. 291 nurses from 60 hospitals completed the survey. MethodsQuantitative data were analysed using ANOVA or t-tests to test differences in means. A series of path models based on the theory were conducted to develop a new model. Directed or theory driven content analysis informed qualitative data analysis. ResultsNurses report high levels of previous compliance behaviour and strong intentions to continue complying in the future (M=4.7; SD 0.48). Individual compliance attitudes (β 0.29, p<.05), perceived value of escalation (β 0.24, p<.05) and perceived ease or difficulty complying with documentation (β −0.31, p<.05) were statistically significant, predicting 24% of variation in compliance behaviour. Positive personal charting beliefs (β 0.14, p<.05) and subjective norms both explain higher behavioural intent indirectly through personal attitudes. High ratings of peer charting beliefs indirectly explain attitudes through subjective norms (β 0.20, p<.05). Perceptions of control over one's clinical actions (β −0.24, p<.05) and early warning system training (β −0.17, p<.05) directly contributed to fewer difficulties complying with documentation requirements. Prior difficulties when escalating care (β −0.31, p<.05) directly influenced the perceived value of escalating. ConclusionsThe developed theory-based conceptual model identified sociocultural variables that inform compliance behaviour (documenting and escalation protocols). The model highlights areas of clinical judgement, education, interprofessional trust, workplace norms and cultural factors that directly or indirectly influence nurses' intention to comply with EWS protocols. Extending our understanding of the sociocultural and system wide factors that hamper nurses' use of EWSs and professional accountability has the potential to improve the compliance behaviour of staff and subsequently enhance the safety climate attitudes of hospitals. Tweetable abstractA newly developed model reports nurse's personal attitudes, peer influence, perceived difficulties encountered documenting and escalation beliefs all predict early warning system compliance behaviour.

Entrepreneurial Intentions in the Absence of Banking Services: The Case of the Lebanese in Crises

This paper investigates the complex factors hindering entrepreneurial aspirations in Lebanon, focusing on the absence of a functional financial system and its impact on entrepreneurial intentions. Drawing on surveys conducted with 325 Lebanese participants across three generations, using ordinal regression, the research reveals crucial determinants of entrepreneurial intentions, emphasizing the roles of entrepreneurial attitude, the absence of banking sector services, optimism, risk propensity, and age. Positive attitudes and optimism correlate with stronger intentions; however, the weakened economic situation and lack of a functional financial system diminish this positive correlation. Demographic factors like gender and education do not significantly influence intentions. In addition, the study reveals differences in entrepreneurial intentions determinants across the three generations of X, Y, and Z. This study underscores the urgent need for financial system reforms in Lebanon to enhance stability while advocating for financial literacy programs and private sector initiatives to empower entrepreneurs and expand their businesses.

Clinician attitudes toward referring patients to pharmacists for tobacco cessation services

BackgroundThe role of pharmacists in tobacco cessation has grown substantially in recent years, now including the ability to prescribe medications in many states. Although pharmacists can fill a gap in care by helping patients quit, other clinicians’ perceptions regarding referring patients to pharmacists for these services have not been described. ObjectiveTo characterize clinicians’ current referral patterns to pharmacists for tobacco cessation services, intention to refer in the future, and perceived barriers to and facilitators of referrals. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was administered within a network of federally qualified health centers (FQHCs), which provides care to underserved patients. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), the survey assessed (a) clinicians’ sociodemographics, (b) interactions with pharmacists and referral practices, and (c) perceived barriers to and facilitators of patient referrals to network pharmacists for cessation assistance. ResultsOf 51 respondents (80% response), one third (n = 17) reported referring one or more patients to a FQHC network pharmacist in the past for help with quitting tobacco. Most (84%) reported willingness to refer patients to pharmacists in the future, and 100% of the 17 clinicians who had previously referred patients strongly agreed that they would refer again in the future. For 8 of 12 CFIR measures (67%), significant differences were observed between clinicians who had previously referred patients to pharmacists and clinicians who had not. ConclusionNonpharmacist clinicians in an FQHC expressed positive views toward a pharmacist-led tobacco cessation service, and prior experience with referrals was consistent with strong intentions for future referrals. Future studies should explore concerns regarding impact on workflow to identify and implement strategies for streamlining referrals for cessation services.

ICU nurses' practice and intention to implement early mobilization: A multi-centre cross-sectional survey.

Early mobilization (EM) is acknowledged for its safety and benefits in the recovery of critically ill patients, yet its implementation in intensive care units (ICU) remains inconsistently aligned with established guidelines. This discrepancy highlights a gap between theoretical endorsement and practical application. While barriers to EM have been extensively studied, the intentions and perceived practices of ICU nurses towards EM, especially in certain geographical regions, have not been adequately understood. The objective of this study is to assess the perceptions, actual practices and intentions of ICU nurses regarding the implementation of EM for patients in the ICU setting. A cross-sectional, multi-centre, survey-based study. The study collected data through an electronic questionnaire from 227 ICU nurses across eight hospitals in Beijing, China, concerning their experiences, practices and intentions related to EM. The survey response rate was 50% (114 of 227), indicating a moderate level of engagement by the target population. Among the surveyed participants, 68.7% (n = 156) reported having experience with EM for critically ill patients. Of these experienced nurses, 49.3% (n = 77) indicated they carried out EM less frequently than once per week, while only 29.5% (n = 46) reported dedicating more than 20 min to EM activities per patient. Only 24.2% (n = 55) of participants confirmed the presence of specific EM guidelines in their workplace. Notably, guideline adherence could be influenced by the patient's condition severity, which may affect how these protocols are applied. Notably, the approach and frequency of EM practices showed significant variation across different ICUs. A substantial majority (75%, n = 170) of participants expressed a strong intention towards implementing EM, correlating significantly with factors such as having a higher education level (bachelor's degree or higher), receiving departmental support, encountering fewer perceived barriers, and belonging to specific departments like respiratory (SICU) and surgery (RICU). The EM guidelines mentioned by participants were primarily focused on specific protocols and guidance, highlighting the emphasis on structured approaches to EM in their clinical settings. Despite the recognized experience with EM among ICU nurses, there is a notable divergence between their practices and the recommendations outlined in EM guidelines. This study underscores the need for the establishment of clear, actionable guidelines, alongside the provision of targeted educational programmes and robust support systems, to foster the consistent and effective implementation of EM in ICU settings. This study underscores the clinical relevance of EM in ICU settings, advocating for the development of precise EM guidelines to improve patient outcomes.

Usability assessment of a greenhouse context-aware alert system for small-scale farmers

In the dynamic landscape of modern agriculture, integrating technology holds immense potential to enhance efficiency and productivity for small-scale farmers. This study presents a user-centric evaluation of an intelligent context-aware alert system, tailored for small-scale greenhouse farming. We employed standardized questionnaires, including the NASA Task Load Index and the User Experience Questionnaire, to assess the system's perceived utility, mental workload, and overall user experience. Our findings reveal the high perceived utility of the system among farmers. Farmers participating in the assessment indicated a strong intention to utilize the system for crop monitoring. Moreover, the system demonstrated a moderate mental workload, suggesting ease of use and potential acceptance by users. Our evaluation highlighted an excellent user experience, with scores ranging from very good to extremely good across all dimensions. Furthermore, user preferences for alert mechanisms underscored the importance of adaptable notifications, with voice and text alerts favored for comprehensive information dissemination. Light and voice alerts were preferred during manual tasks. This study highlights the significance of user-centered design in agricultural technology, offering insights to enhance the usability and the adoption of alert systems in small-scale farming environments. The positive reception of the system's utility and the moderate mental workload suggest that such technology can be readily adopted by farmers, thereby improving monitoring and management practices in greenhouse farming. The preference for adaptable alert mechanisms further emphasizes the need for flexible and context-sensitive solutions in agricultural technology.

Effects of cognitive, affective and normative drivers of artificial intelligence ChatGPT on continuous use intention

研究目的本研究旨在探讨认知、情感和规范成分之间的相互作用, 以及它们在接受或拒绝在酒店和旅游环境中使用人工智能（AI）和 ChatGPT 的潜力。研究方法使用先进的分析方法（即模糊集定性比较分析）, 本研究基于 474 份使用 ChatGPT 获取酒店和旅游信息的个人的回答, 测试了假设。研究发现本研究发现了多个解决方案, 包括认知、情感和规范驱动, 对基于 AI 的 ChatGPT 的强弱持续意图。信息性, 作为认知驱动之一, 被发现是实现期望结果的必要条件。研究创新本研究为在酒店和旅游技术消费环境中预测复杂旅行者行为的功能性开发多个配置提供了新颖见解。

Unfolding consumer purchase intentions toward genetically modified rice with nutritional benefits in Bangladesh

Notwithstanding ongoing efforts through supplementation and fortification programs, the burden of vitamin A deficiency remains high among poor and rural populations. To address this, a pro-vitamin A-enriched genetically modified (GM) rice variety, known as Golden Rice (GR), has been developed as a complementary, cost-effective micronutrient strategy. Despite its potential, the success of its future implementation will heavily rely on the acceptance and purchase intention of target populations. Therefore, this study investigated the determinants of GR purchase intention from a survey of 540 consumers from rural Bangladesh. On average, consumers exhibited a strong intention to purchase GR. Hierarchical regression analysis demonstrated that sociodemographic factors (age), cognitive and behavioral factors (prior knowledge, perceived benefits about GR, attitudes toward GM crops, and dietary choices), and expectations of GR marketing (overall, price, distribution) positively influenced consumers’ purchase intention of GR. On the other hand, having more negative risk perceptions and higher income levels reduced consumers’ intentions. By using a between-subjects design based on five information treatments, the role of information is examined in two ways, i.e., information length and presentation format. Findings of a series of two-way ANOVAs revealed that exposure to more detailed information about GR significantly influenced consumers’ purchase intentions, especially when the level of expectations was low. Additionally, information presented through video or an information wheel proved more effective than text. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and health planners in devising communication strategies and decision-making regarding this valuable but controversial micronutrient strategy.

Wildlife values can inform strategic conservation communication efforts

ABSTRACT The ways in which people value wildlife, or “wildlife value orientations,” shape attitudes and behaviors and can even predict support for environmental issues. As such, wildlife value orientations can be used strategically to inform communication strategies. We used a national, experimental framing survey (n = 1,998) to investigate how the two most predominant wildlife value orientations in the US – domination and mutualism – affect people’s intentions to engage in conservation behaviors. Results showed that respondents on the mutualistic scale were more likely to express strong intentions to donate, engage in political activity, and adopt simple actions in support of conservation. In mutualistic-oriented respondents, pessimistically framed messages generally increased intentions to donate, but both optimistic and pessimistic-framed messages were likely to backfire and reduce intentions to adopt personal conservation actions. Our findings provide preliminary empirical evidence that wildlife value orientations could guide more effective communication approaches leading to behavior change.

UNIVERSITY ECOSYSTEM, ENTREPRENEURIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS

Entrepreneurship is seen an important driver of economic growth. Engaging in entrepreneurship begins with having a strong intention to become an entrepreneur. This study explored the influence of University Ecosystem and Entrepreneurial Characteristics on Entrepreneurial Intention. A descriptive correlational and causal research design was conducted among 336 business education students. A stratified random sampling technique was employed and utilized Pearson correlation statistics to establish the relationship on the independent and dependent variables. Results showed that business education students rated themselves high in University Ecosystem and Entrepreneurial Characteristics. Entrepreneurial Intention is also found high among business education students where majority intend to start business after graduation and after 5 years. A positive relationship was observed between variables. Further, a logistics linear regression confirmed that University Ecosystem and Entrepreneurial Characteristics has an influence on Entrepreneurial Intention. Universities with business education courses must incorporate entrepreneurship program activities that would showcase student’s entrepreneurial skills and characteristics.

Uncorking the virtual frontier of wine experiences: interest drivers and potential consumers’ profile

PurposeVirtual wine experiences (VWEs) replaced in-person wine experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic and continue to be offered by some actors. This study aims to investigate the factors driving interest in VWEs and identify relevant traits of potential consumers to help assess VWEs long-term potential.Design/methodology/approachA representative sample of 399 Oregon and California wine consumers answered a structured online survey. The authors combine ordered logistic regression and qualitative techniques to analyze the data.FindingsVWEs may effectively attract potential wine consumers and tourists. High interest in VWEs is associated with strong wine involvement and intentions to visit wine regions. Digitization, aversion to travel-related risk and convenience are other relevant drivers of VWE interest. The segmentation analysis revealed that consumers with a potentially higher interest in VWE have distinct traits.Practical implicationsWineries and wine tourism destinations could leverage VWEs to attract wine tourists and consumers. The authors discuss specific characteristics of high-interest consumers.Originality/valueParticipants in VWEs interact with hosts and explore products in real time. This engagement has long-term marketing potential for attracting them as customers or visitors. The study provides strategic information for practitioners and academics on VWE interest drivers and potential demand, which is currently missing from the literature.

A Mediating Effect of Intention on the Relationship between Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioural Control and the Turnover Intention Actual Usage among the SME Service Sectors Employees in Beijing, China

This study explores the mediating role of intention in the relationship between attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on turnover intention and actual turnover behavior among employees in the SME service sector in Beijing, China. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), we hypothesize that employee attitudes towards their job, the influence of subjective norms, and their perceived control over leaving their job collectively influence their turnover intentions, which in turn affect their actual turnover behavior. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of SME service sector employees in Beijing. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed hypotheses and the mediating effect of intention. The findings reveal that intention significantly mediates the relationship between the three TPB components (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control) and turnover behavior. Specifically, employees with negative job attitudes, high subjective norms favoring turnover, and high perceived control over leaving are more likely to form strong turnover intentions, which subsequently lead to actual turnover. These results offer valuable insights for SME management in Beijing on the importance of addressing employee attitudes, norms, and perceived control to mitigate turnover rates. The study contributes to the broader literature on employee turnover by highlighting the critical mediating role of intention and providing a nuanced understanding of the TPB in the context of SME service sectors in China.

Online communication skill training of patients with cancer: A test of the behavioral intention predictive framework for communication skills

ObjectiveTo assess the Behavioral Intention Predictive Framework's utility in explaining variation in cancer patients' strong behavioral intention (SBI) to use LEAPS (Listen, Educate, Assess, Partner, Support) communication skills after viewing training videos. MethodsNinety-eight patients were enrolled through anonymized online platforms to view LEAPS training videos, complete background and communication questionnaires and report their SBI to use LEAPS skills. ResultsOn average, patients indicated SBI to use 6 of 13 skills and 46% of patients expressed SBI across individual skills. The framework explained 27.7% of the adjusted variance in SBI with significant predictors of frequent past use of LEAPS-related shared decision-making behaviors, poor emotional health, being rarely accompanied to visits and positive ratings of narrative videos. Finally, 21.7% of the adjusted variance in problem communication was explained by infrequent use of LEAPS-related information behaviors, patient accompaniment of another adult and positive narrative scores. ConclusionPatients SBI to use multiple LEAPS skills and past problem communication were explained by framework predictors. InnovationDespite theoretical and empirical evidence that behavioral intention significantly predicts behavior, it has not been studied in patient communication research. Application of the novel framework to LEAPS training videos contributes an innovative address of this research gap.

An analysis of rural teachers’ vocational mobility intention and ways to support social stability

To accurately grasp the current situation of rural teachers' vocational mobility intention and its influencing factors is the premise of stabilizing rural teaching teachers. The survey shows that the rural primary and secondary school teachers in Suizhou City of Hubei province and Feicheng City of Shandong province have a strong vocational mobility intention, reaching nearly 90% and 64.5% respectively, which indicates that the rural teaching staff is still unstable. Teachers of different regions, genders, ages, and school types also have different intentions on horizontal and vertical social mobility. The income problem is the deep reason that affects the turnover intention of rural teachers. With the development of rural education, people from all walks of life pay more attention to the problem of social mobility of rural teachers, but most of them tend to be in poor areas. From the perspective of push and pull theory, this paper expounds and analyzes the social mobility willingness and its influencing factors of rural teachers in economically developed areas, draws corresponding conclusions, and puts forward suggestions for rebuilding rural educational ecology.

Subjective Norms of Health Students Related to Parent's Social Control on Intention to Stop Smoking

Smoking among students is a significant global issue. Health students, expected to be knowledgeable about smoking dangers and serve as role models, are found to engage in smoking behavior, which is concerning. This study aimed to analyze health students' perceptions regarding parental social control and their intention to quit smoking using the Theory of Planned Behaviour, specifically focusing on the role of subjective norms. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with a phenomenological methodology involving in-depth interviews and observations. The research was conducted in Jember Regency with five primary informants, health students at the University of Jember, and key informants who were close friends and parents of primary informants. Data processing used the interactive data analysis model proposed by Miles and Huberman, involving three steps: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study found that health students who smoke positively perceived their parents' opinions and social support regarding smoking cessation behavior. They viewed their parents' efforts to prevent them from smoking as beneficial and effective in influencing their behavior. health students who smoke acknowledged that the social control exerted by their parents was crucial in helping them overcome their smoking habits. Most health students who smoke expressed a strong intention to quit smoking, indicating a willingness to change their behavior in response to the support they received from their parents. The study suggests that parents should set a good example and communicate effectively to influence adolescent smoking behavior. Health students and health offices can also support this effort through smoking cessation activities and education.

Relationship of knowledge sharing and innovation intention on the continuous quality improvement in university setting

This study assessed the changed knowledge sharing system and innovative intention towards continuous quality improvement in one university system in the Philippines. This descriptive study was participated by 261 faculty members of five schools of a university system. It made use of a modified questionnaire as its primary data gathering instrument, having an excellent remark of its 0.925 Cronbach’s Alpha. The data were encoded, tallied and interpreted using different statistical tools such as frequency distribution, ranking, weighted mean and F-Test, Shapiro-Wilk Test, Spearman rho, and were further analyzed and interpreted through PASW version 26 using 0.05 alpha levels. From the results, it was concluded that there has been a strong response of the university towards knowledge sharing system and its teachers possess a strong innovative intention. Further, there is a strong positive presence of continuous quality improvement practices regarding the different processes of the university system. Moreover, there is a high relationship regarding knowledge sharing system, innovative intention, and continuous quality improvement. The results of the study imply a need to develop a continuous quality improvement plan.

Pengaruh Harga dan Keragaman Produk terhadap Minat Beli Konsumen Bloods Clothing Industries Concept Store Karawang

This study aims to analyze the influence of price and product diversity dimensions on consumer purchase intention at Bloods Clothing Industries Concept Store Karawang. In the rapidly evolving fashion business context, Bloods Clothing Industries faces the challenge of intensifying competition in the market. The main issue under investigation is how Bloods Clothing Industries navigates the dynamics of competition and creates a strong consumer purchase intention. This research employs a quantitative approach by collecting data from consumers who visited the store during a specific period. The collected data is subjected to statistical analysis techniques, and the structural model is tested using SmartPLS 4.0 software. The research findings reveal that factors such as price and product diversity significantly influence consumer purchase intention. Price-related aspects, including affordability, price-quality alignment, price competitiveness, and price-benefit correspondence, play a crucial role in shaping purchase intention. Additionally, product diversity in terms of materials and design also has a positive impact on consumer purchase intention. The implications of this study suggest that Bloods Clothing Industries concept store Karawang should consider marketing strategies that focus on competitive pricing dimensions and diverse products appealing to consumers. A better understanding of the factors influencing purchase intention can assist companies in making informed decisions to confront competition and enhance customer loyalty.

Short-term fertility intentions and outcomes: similarities and differences between childless women and mothers

ABSTRACT Research frequently reveals the gap between women’s fertility intentions and childbearing behaviour. Moreover, while the fertility intentions of childless women and mothers with one child can be very similar, the extent to which those intentions are realised is frequently different. In search for the reasons for these discrepancies, we propose how Bayesian methods can be used to investigate both time-invariant and time-variant factors influencing fertility intentions and outcomes while considering parity at the same time. In this way, we aim to provide new insight into the intention – behaviour link. We provide evidence from Poland, a country in which childless women are more likely to realize their strong positive fertility intentions than mothers. Our results indicate that in the case of Polish women, some factors shape the fertility intentions of childless women and mothers similarly. However, we also show that, in the short term, the same factors affect women’s fertility intentions and childbearing in substantially different and even contradictory ways. We demonstrate that, inter alia, having a job stimulates the fertility intentions of childless women only. In contrast, it negatively influences the likelihood of giving birth for both childless women and mothers.