Strongest Predictor Of Intention Research Articles

The power of anticipated regret: Predictors of HPV vaccination and seasonal influenza vaccination acceptability among young Romanians

BackgroundUnderstanding lay perceptions concerning vaccination and identifying the most important psychological determinants of vaccine acceptability are relevant for health promotion campaigns. MethodsThis cross-sectional study aimed to identify the psychological determinants of HPV vaccine and seasonal flu vaccine acceptability in a national sample of young adults. An extended version of the health belief model (HBM) provided the main theoretical framework. Four hundred and one adults aged 18–26 (79% women), completed the theory-based survey and were included in analyses. The main outcomes were intentions to vaccinate against HPV and the seasonal flu. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations and hierarchical multiple regression were used for data analysis. ResultsThe models predicted 51% and 60% of the variability in intentions to vaccinate against HPV and the seasonal flu, respectively. For both decisional contexts, anticipated inaction regret (assuming one were unvaccinated and later contracted infection) was the strongest predictor of intentions, contributing above and beyond the role of traditional risk belief constructs (HBM constructs). Other shared predictors of intentions were perceived effectiveness of vaccine, perceived vaccine safety, perceived susceptibility to disease and previous vaccine refusal. The study also provides insights into young adults’ vaccine-related knowledge and their information-seeking practices. ConclusionFindings outline directions for future research and implications for health communication campaigns.

The impacts of training pathways and experiences during intern year on doctor emigration from Ireland

BackgroundEmigration of domestically-trained health professionals is widespread, including in Ireland which has the highest rate of medical graduates in the OECD. Ireland’s failure to retain graduates necessitates high levels of international recruitment. This study aimed to identify factors associated with recently graduated doctors’ intention to migrate, focusing on their work experiences during the mandatory post-graduation year, their wellbeing, and their perceptions of postgraduate training in Ireland.MethodsA baseline survey was administered online to all final year students in Ireland’s six medical schools. A subsequent sweep surveyed those who consented to follow-up (n = 483) during the final month of first year of practice.ResultsOf the 232 respondents (48% response rate), 210 (94%) were Irish passport holders. Of these, only 36% intended to remain in Ireland after their internship, 57% intended to leave but return later, and 7% intended to leave permanently. A strong predictor of intention was study pathway: 60% of Graduate Entry Medicine (GEM) graduates and 25% of Direct Entry Medicine (DEM) graduates intended to remain in Ireland. Equal proportions intended to leave permanently (8% DEM, 6% GEM). Being a GEM graduate significantly reduced the likelihood of leaving to return (relative risk ratio (RRR) 0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.11–0.39), p < 0.001).When adjusted for study pathway, a negative experience as an intern increased the likelihood of leaving to return (RRR 1.16 CI (1.00–1.34), p = 0.043) and leaving permanently (1.54 (1.15–2.04), p = 0.003). Similarly, experience of callousness was associated with leaving to return (1.23 (1.03–1.46), p = 0.023) and leaving permanently (1.77 (1.24–2.53), p = 0.002), as was burnout with leaving permanently (1.57 (1.08–2.27), p = 0.017). Those planning to specialise in Medicine versus General Practice were more likely to leave and return (3.01 (1.09–8.34), p = 0.034). Those with negative perceptions of training in Ireland were more likely to leave and return (1.16 (1.01–1.34), p = 0.037); a positive perception reduced the likelihood of leaving permanently (0.50 (0.26–0.94), p = 0.032).ConclusionsIncreasing GEM training places might improve Ireland’s retention of domestically-trained doctors, reducing reliance on non-EU-trained doctors. However, improvements in the working experiences, perceptions of training, and protection of wellbeing are essential for retaining this highly sought-after and geographically mobile cohort.

Consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward consuming functional foods in Norway

This study investigates antecedents of consumers’ attitudes and intentions to eating functional foods in a representative sample of Norwegian consumers (N = 810). The theory of planned behavior (TPB), with an extension of self-efficacy and descriptive norms and, as well, hedonic and utilitarian eating values, is used as a conceptual framework. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is applied to test the hypothesized relationships. The findings differed significantly between the basic and extended model, particularly for the perceived behavioral control (PBC) constructs. Perceived control over behavior was insignificantly related to intention and consumption frequency in the basic model and significantly negatively related in the extended model. The inclusion of self-efficacy, conceptualized as confidence in the ability to consume functional foods regularly, proved to be the most important explanatory factor of intention. Descriptive and injunctive norms were both significant and relatively strong predictors of intention. However, injunctive norms lost explanatory power when descriptive norms were included in the structural model. The strong influence of attitude on intention also diminished in the extended model. Utilitarian eating values clearly outperformed hedonic eating values as a basis for explaining consumer attitude toward eating functional foods. Whereas utilitarian eating values were strongly and positively associated with participants’ attitude toward the consumption of functional foods, hedonic eating values were less strongly and negatively related to attitude. Thus, the food industry needs to improve the hedonic value of functional foods to commercially succeed.

Predicting food choice: a meta-analysis based on the theory of planned behavior

Purpose The theory of planned behavior (TPB) emerged as one of the main theoretical bases for understanding consumer intentions and behaviors, with robust results covering different topics. In the context of food, the use of theory has motivated the replication and extension of the model under different circumstances. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The aims of this meta-analysis were to synthesize the literature on TPB in the food choice context and analyze the moderator effect on direct relationships under theoretical, methodological and cultural circumstances A random-effects meta-analysis of 155 studies (n=367.994) was conducted. Findings There was a robustness in the application of the TPB model to predict food choice; in particular, attitude was the stronger predictor of intention (r=0.386). The analysis of moderators showed that food origin, life cycle, involving technology, healthcare, ethical concerns, motivation and convenience change the original model relations. Research limitations/implications This meta-analysis is limited by the scope of the investigated literature and publication bias. This approach contributes to the literature in two ways. It confirms the robustness of the theoretical model for predicting behaviors in the context of food choice. Furthermore, this research is the first to provide support to sample, cultural and situational moderators. Originality/value The findings offer insights into the food choice context and identify some gaps and opportunities for future research.

Exploring the Impact of a 3D Simulation on Nursing Students’ Intention to Provide Culturally Competent Care

BackgroundCulturally competent health care professionals have a positive influence on patient care. This article profiles a study that evaluated the impact of a cultural empathy simulation on nursing students’ intention to practice in culturally competent manner. MethodWe designed the Theory of Planned Behaviour: Cultural Competence Questionnaire and used it to measure differences in behavioural intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural between a control and an experimental group. ResultsParticipants in the experimental group (n = 241) had higher attitude and behavioural intention scores than those in the control group (n = 219). However, differences between groups for perceived behavioural control and social norm scores were not significant. ConclusionsAs the Theory of Planned Behaviour posits that intention scores provide a proxy for actual behaviour, and that attitude is the strongest predictor of intention, these results are encouraging. However, further research is required to examine factors that influence these variables.

Using the theory of planned behavior to understand intentions to perform bystander CPR among college students

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) accounts for variability in intention to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and to explore which constructs in the TPB most strongly predict intention to perform CPR among college students. Participants: Undergraduate college students (N = 588, 51% women) recruited between September and November 2016. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design. Results: Attitude was the strongest predictor of intention to perform CPR (β = 0.381, p < .001), followed by subjective norm (β = 0.303, p < .001), and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.167, p < .001). The TPB accounted for 51% of the variance in intention to perform CPR (F[3, 536] = 186, p < .001). Conclusion: Attitude and subjective norm are the strongest predictors of intention to perform CPR among college students. Resuscitation trainings that highlight positive outcomes and social norms associated with performing CPR may help bystanders form intentions to perform CPR in an emergency.

Do Food Image and Food Neophobia Affect Tourist Intention to Visit a Destination? The Case of Australia

This study examines the predictive power of cognitive and affective food image components on potential tourists’ behavioral intention. Using Chinese tourists’ perception of Australia as the context, the study adopted a multi-method approach incorporating desktop research, surveys of food tourism stakeholders, and quantitative testing of a model using survey data. Results confirmed that (1) cognitive food image is a formative construct, (2) cognitive food image is a stronger predictor of intention than affective image, and (3) the moderating effect of food neophobia highlights the need for a destination image-building strategy to be sensitive to tourists’ food-related personality traits. Study findings validate a structural model that integrates theories regarding food image and food neophobia to explain destination food image formation. Results also offer a comprehensive formative measurement model of cognitive food image for future research.

Comportamento do consumidor no setor educacional: Predição de uso de novas tecnologias

Convergent technological devices have had their expansion of use due to their utilitarian, hedonic and social characteristics, which are present in the different equipment of the present time, including those related to education. In this sense, the objective of this article is to analyze the intention of use and technological acceptance of the teachers of public schools in the North region, users of the " Smartboard ", for didactic purposes. The research presents as a quantitative study, type survey that aimed to explore the prediction of use of the device. The results show that previous experience, although it has influence, has not been demonstrated as a strong predictor of intention to use. On the other hand, the social factor proved to be a motivator of the hedonic use of technological equipment for educational purposes.

Exploring Parents' Participation Decisions on School-Based Health Screenings in Mountainous Regions.

BackgroundIncreasing the participation rate in health screenings is a major challenge. In West Virginia, USA, where a statewide, state-funded school-based health screening program has been offered to fifth-grade students and their parents/guardians for nearly 20 years, more than 50% of eligible participants consistently opt-out. Consequently, the purpose of this investigation is to determine a parent/guardian’s reasons for deciding whether to participate in a school-based health screening.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was used and a total of 216 parents/guardians of fourth-grade students from 10 elementary schools in the northeast region of West Virginia participated in the study. The survey, based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), was used to explore a parent/guardian’s intentions when opting in or out of a school-based health screening for their child, and included items that represented direct determinants, indirect determinants, and behavioral intentions. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to measure the questionnaire’s potential to predict intentions and identify the predictive strength of each direct determinant.ResultsResults show that attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control in the TPB (43%) provided strong evidence for predicting participation intentions. Specifically, attitude (β=0.73, P<0.001) was the strongest predictor of intention, followed by subjective norms (β=-0.17, P<0.01).ConclusionThis study suggests that strategies to facilitate positive attitudes and increase parental awareness of health screening initiatives may influence participation rates within community- and school-based programming.

Predicting Academic Help-Seeking Intentions Using the Reasoned Action Model

Seeking help when confronted with academic difficulties is an adaptive self-regulated learning strategy that facilitates positive academic outcomes. However, many students are reluctant to seek help with academic difficulties. The current study used the Reasoned Action Model to investigate the determinants of students’ intentions to utilize university-based sources of academic support. Participants (N = 125) in Study 1 responded to open-ended questions designed to identify salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs contributing to the use of university-based academic support services. Participants (N = 176) in Study 2 completed measures to assess attitudes, perceived normative pressure, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intentions. Normative pressure was the strongest predictor of intentions to use university-based academic support, followed by attitudes. These results suggest that interventions targeting normative and behavioral beliefs may be effective in increasing academic help-seeking.

Using a typology to understand farmers’ intentions towards following a nutrient management plan

Optimising resource use efficiency is high on many national policy agendas. Inappropriate management in agricultural production can result in increased risk of nutrient loss to the environment. Best practice in nutrient management can help to mitigate this. However, policy initiatives aimed at encouraging farmers to follow a nutrient management plan (NMP) appear to be limited in their success. We employ a typology to classify farms/farmers based on a number of policy relevant farm and farmer characteristics. The theory of planned behaviour is applied to understand the variables which influence farmers’ intentions to follow a NMP across the Republic of Ireland. The typology resulted in a total of three classes of farmers, namely ‘traditional’, ‘supplementary income’ and ‘business-orientated’. The findings from the regression analysis reveal that attitude towards the outcomes of following a NMP is a weak predictor of intentions whereas subjective norm (social pressure) and perceived behavioural control (ease/difficulty) are strong predictors of intentions across the classes. Furthermore, contact with agricultural extension (a combination of one-to-one and group based extension) is found to be critical in determining the intentions of both traditional and supplementary income classes of farmers. The results also indicate that policy, which requires certain farmers in Ireland to develop a NMP on a mandatory basis, has consistent but mixed levels of influence on intentions. Initiatives designed to further encourage farmers to follow a NMP must account for the diversity that exists among the farming population and how different groups of farmers may respond to such initiatives.

Physical Activity Prescription among Healthcare Professionals in Hospital Setting: In the Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Introduction: Regular physical activity can achieve greater effects on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) than those achieved with drugs. The healthcare setting has been recognized as an appropriate and promising venue for prescribing physical activity. Aim of the study: To assess physical activity prescription behavior (PAPB) of Ethiopian healthcare professionals and determine if the theory of planned behavior explain this behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used to assess healthcare professionals’ physical activity counseling and prescription behavior for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in hospital setting. The survey includes self-reported physical activity prescription behavior, and the tenets of theory of planned behavior (attitude (ATT), subjective norm (SUN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intention (INT) to prescribe physical activity). Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the relationship of theoretical constructs to prescribe physical activity. Amos and SPSS software were applied to estimate the predictive utility of the theory. Results: A total of 442 healthcare professionals from 7 government hospitals in Addis Ababa city participated in the study. From these hospitals 387 healthcare professionals (physicians=135,34.9%, nurses=218,56.3% and physiotherapist=34,8.8%) completed the questionnaire. 21.4% of healthcare professionals very frequently provide verbal prescription, 5.4% provide written prescription of physical activity for the purpose of treating and preventing NCDs. The fit of the TPB model was well fit (RMSEA=0.072, CFI=.926, TLI=.910, GFI=.902). The PBC (β=.25, p<.05) and INT (β =.17, p<.05) explained physical activity prescription behavior and PBC (β=.39, p<.05), ATT (β=.16, p<.05) explained intention to prescribe physical activity. Conclusion: HCPs's physical activity prescription practice was low. The findings of this study were supported the theory and the TPB have the predictive utility in describing and predicting physical activity prescription behavior among healthcare professionals in hospital setting. The TPB confirmed to be a useful theoretical framework that should be used for understanding healthcare professionals' physical activity prescription behavior in hospital setting. The present study found that perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor of intention followed by attitude and subjective norm. Also not only for intention it was a strong predictor followed by intention for physical activity prescription behavior and had a direct effects on healthcare professionals' PAP behavior Recommendation: Interventions/strategies focused on improving healthcare professionals' perceived ability to provide physical activity prescription and the willingness or motivation of healthcare professionals to prescribe physical activity for their patients are important. For instance, facilitating fitness centers or gyms in hospitals can encourage healthcare professionals to prescribe physical activity for their patients as well as to make active HCPs.

Branding state-level pride: Exploring values and attitudes of local food product consumption

ABSTRACTThis exploratory study employed the values, attitudes, and behavior (VAB) framework to test Hofstede’s cultural values, state-level ethnocentrism (state brand consumption), and identity (state pride) on intent to support ag-related products in the context of a state operated agricultural marketing program (SOAMP). Results (N = 259) showed collectivism and long term orientation have a positive influence on consumers’ attitudes. State brand consumption was found to be the strongest predictor of intent to purchase local food products, while state pride had a mild level of predictability. Practical implications for food and beverage retailers, hospitality marketers and ag-related government agencies are provided.

Fostering visitors’ pro-environmental behaviour in an urban park

ABSTRACTRecognizing the increasing importance of sustainable environment, this research explored visitors’ pro-environmental decision-making process in an urban park context. This study investigated the relationships among attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behaviour control, positive and negative anticipated emotions as well as behavioural intentions. The results suggest that positive anticipated affects positively influenced low-effort and high-effort pro-environmental behavioural intentions. In addition, positive anticipated affects mediated the relationship between cognitive factors and behavioural intentions. Interestingly negative anticipated affects did not influence behavioural intentions. Further analysis revealed subjective norm was the strongest predictor of intentions, especially the low-effort pro-environmental behavioural intentions. The research advances the conceptual understanding of the role of each construct in generating park visitors’ intentions to perform environmentally responsible behaviours while visiting an urban park.

Nursing staff intentions towards managing deteriorating health in nursing homes: A convergent parallel mixed-methods study using the theory of planned behaviour.

To predict the factors that are most important in explaining nursing staff intentions towards early detection of the deteriorating health of a resident and providing subacute care in the nursing home setting. Nursing staff play a pivotal role in managing the deteriorating resident and determining whether the resident needs to be transferred to hospital or remain in the nursing home; however, there is a dearth of literature that explains the factors that influence their intentions. This information is needed to underpin hospital avoidance programs that aim to enhance nursing confidence and skills in this area. A convergent parallel mixed-methods study, using the theory of planned behaviour as a framework. Surveys and focus groups were conducted with nursing staff (n=75) at a 94-bed nursing home at two points in time, prior to and following the implementation of a hospital avoidance program. The quantitative and qualitative data were analysed separately and merged during final analysis. Nursing staff had strong intentions, a positive attitude that became significantly more positive with the hospital avoidance program in place, and a reasonable sense of control; however, the influence of important referents was the strongest predictor of intention towards managing residents with deteriorating health. Support from a hospital avoidance program empowered staff and increased confidence to intervene. The theory of planned behaviour served as an effective framework for identifying the strong influence referents had on nursing staff intentions around managing residents with deteriorating health. Although nursing staff had a reasonable sense of control over this area of their work, they believed they benefitted from a hospital avoidance program initiated by the nursing home. Managers implementing hospital avoidance programs should consider the role of referents, appraise the known barriers and facilitators and take steps to identify those unique to their local situation. All levels of nursing staff play a role in preventing hospitalisation and should be consulted in the design, implementation and evaluation of any hospital avoidance strategies.

Understanding pre-, peri- and post-menopausal women’s intentions to perform muscle-strengthening activities using the Theory of Planned Behaviour

Although physical activity guidelines recommend muscle-strengthening activities (MSA), public health initiatives tend to focus on increasing aerobic activity and fail to mention MSA. This study sought to identify the issues influencing pre-, peri- and post-menopausal women’s intentions to perform MSA with a view to informing future interventions for these populations. Mixed methods guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) were used to explore factors that influence women’s intentions to perform MSA. In stage one, 34 women participated in either a focus group or interview. Discussions were transcribed verbatim and analysed based on menopausal status using a deductive approach. In stage two, 186 women (M = 47 years, SD = 9) completed a questionnaire to assess participant demographics, levels of MSA, affective and instrumental attitudes, injunctive and descriptive norms, self-efficacy and perceived behavioural control. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, regression analyses and analysis of variances. Behavioural beliefs were: improved muscular health; psychological benefits; improved body shape. Normative beliefs were: health professionals; family members; work colleagues. Control beliefs were: equipment; motivation; time constraints; knowledge; physical capability; fear of judgement. However, these beliefs were not well established. Self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of intentions (spc2 = 0.11) followed by affective attitudes (spc2 = 0.09), with no significant differences on TPB variables between groups. If rising rates of musculoskeletal conditions in women are to be prevented, there is an urgent need to increase women’s knowledge of recommended levels of muscle strengthening, with a view to promoting positive attitudes and enhancing women’s sense of self-efficacy across all menopausal phases.

Investigate the factors related to the intention to perform physical activity based on the theory of ‎planned behavior among high school female students of Ahvaz city

Background and Objective: Physical activity is one of the most important aspects of health promotion and one of the predictors of death and disability worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate the factors related to intention to perform physical activity based on the theory of planned behavior among high school female students of Ahvaz city, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytical study was performed among 163 high school female students randomly selected from two girls' public schools in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2016. Data were gathered using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics and the theory of planned behavior constructs including attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, and intention. To analyze the data, linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were run in SPSS, version 23. Results: The mean age of the participants was 13.76±0.89 years. The regression model showed that the attitude (β=0.46, P<0.001) and perceived behavior control (β=0.15, P<0.05) constructs were predictors of physical activity intention. This model could explain 40% of the variance in physical activity intention. Subjective norms (P<0.057, β=0.14) were not significant predictors of the intention. Conclusion: We recommend using the theory of planned behavior and paying more attention to the attitude construct, as the strongest predictor of intention, in designing educational interventions to promote physical activity among female students.

Using the Integrative Model of Behavioral Prediction to Understand College Students’ Hookup Sex Beliefs, Intentions, and Behaviors

ABSTRACTGuided by the integrated model of behavioral prediction, this study explored the attitudinal, normative, and perceived control beliefs that predict college student hookup intentions and behavior. We first conducted elicitation research with six focus groups of undergraduate students to identify salient beliefs to inform questionnaire development, and then we collected and analyzed questionnaire data from 268 undergraduate students to explore the direct and indirect determinants that drive hookup behaviors. We compared proposed models that tested separate paths from determinants to intention and behavior to theoretical models that treated intention as a mediator of the determinant–behavior relationship. The results indicate that in both the proposed and theoretical models, direct and indirect attitudes were the strongest predictors of intentions and behavior. Positive attitude beliefs were consistently and significantly correlated with both intention and behavior, while only select normative and control beliefs were so correlated. Finally, although the data fit both the proposed and theoretical models, the proposed models provided a more accurate fit. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of our results, and we offer directions for future research.

E-government Adoption in Developing Countries: Need of Customer-centric Approach: A Case of Pakistan

The e-government implementation in developing countries is always less successful and objectively hard to achieve and the reason behind is a less citizen-centric approach. Therefore, the effect of trust and social influence will be studied while understanding the adoption behavior of citizens in developing countries. Specifically, a case of selected e-service (e-filling of taxation by ‘Federal Board of Revenue' (FBR)) will be studied in Pakistan. The sole purpose of the study is to pull the external factors like trust and social influence to increase e-government adoption in the massively populated region of the world. The quantitative approach will be followed where the current users of selected e-service will be inquired under the modified version of a generic framework of ‘Technology Adoption Model' (TAM). The sample size of 153 is filtered and analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SPSS AMOS) to study the intentions of the citizens. In methodological terms, deductive, quantitative method is adopted in interpretive philosophical manner. Collectively, trust and social influence are studied in order to find the impact on the intentions of citizens in the developing countries. However, the trust is the strongest predictor after social influence is recorded. Similarly, the usefulness observed to be a strong predictor of intentions in comparison of ease of use in the current scenario.

Anticipated regret and health behavior: A meta-analysis.

Risk beliefs are central to most theories of health behavior, yet many unanswered questions remain about an increasingly studied risk construct, anticipated regret. The authors sought to better understand anticipated regret's role in motivating health behaviors. The authors systematically searched electronic databases for studies of anticipated regret and behavioral intentions or health behavior. They used random effects meta-analysis to synthesize effect sizes from 81 studies (n = 45,618). Anticipated regret was associated with both intentions (r+ = .50, p < .001) and health behavior (r+ = .29, p < .001). Greater anticipated regret from engaging in a behavior (i.e., action regret) predicted weaker intentions and behavior, whereas greater anticipated regret from not engaging in a behavior (i.e., inaction regret) predicted stronger intentions and behavior. Anticipated action regret had smaller associations with behavioral intentions related to less severe and more distal hazards, but these moderation findings were not present for inaction regret. Anticipated regret generally was a stronger predictor of intentions and behavior than other anticipated negative emotions and risk appraisals. Anticipated inaction regret has a stronger and more stable association with health behavior than previously thought. The field should give greater attention to understanding how anticipated regret differs from similar constructs, its role in health behavior theory, and its potential use in health behavior interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record